MyMedR

Communication and implementation of change in crop protection

Escalada MM, Heong KL

Ciba Found. Symp., 1993;177:191-202; discussion 202-7.

The slow adoption of integrated pest management (IPM) has been attributed to the widespread gaps in farmers' knowledge of rational pest management. Other factors such as farmers' perception of high input use and promotion of pesticides also influence decisions to practise rational pest management. To bridge these gaps and improve farmers' pest management practices, most IPM implementation programmes rely on communication strategies. These communication approaches utilize either mass media or interpersonal channels or a combination. The choice of which communication approach to employ depends on project objectives and resources. Among extension and communication approaches used in crop protection, strategic extension campaigns, farmer field schools and farmer participatory research stand out in their ability to bring about significant changes in farmers' pest management practices. While extension campaigns have greater reach, farmer participation and experiential learning achieve more impact because learning effects are sustained. Communication media are important in raising awareness and creating a demand for IPM information but interpersonal channels and group methods such as the farmer field school and farmer participatory research are essential to accomplish the tasks of discovery and experiential learning of IPM skills.

Need and demand for dental care in a group of Malaysian elderly

Razak IA, Ali MM

Gerodontics, 1988 Oct;4(5):265-7.

PMID: 3271724

Ethnic and sex variations in dental care utilization patterns in a group of Malaysian elderly

Razak IA, Ali MM

Gerodontology, 1988;7(2):77-80.

PMID: 3273286

Fulltext Endoscopic transgastric drainage of pseudopancreatic cyst

Bahari HMM, Abdullah I

Med J Malaysia, 1982 Dec;37(4):316-7.

PMID: 7167081

There are many techniques of drainage of a pseudopancreatic cyst. We are describing a new method of drainage by an endoscopic transgastric route.

Unperceived dental needs in a group of Malaysian elderly patients

Razak IA, Ali MM

Ann Acad Med Singap, 1989 Sep;18(5):516-8.

PMID: 2619242

The present study analysed the records of 342 elderly subjects aged 55 years and above of different ethnic groups to ascertain the types and level of their unperceived dental needs. The overall percentage of unperceived needs was highest among the Malays (96.1% or 74/77 subjects) and among the men (88.5% or 139/157 subjects). The unperceived need for prosthetic treatment was highest among the Malays and Chinese as well as among women, whereas the unperceived need for treatment for periodontal disease was highest among the Indians. The data for unperceived needs for prosthetic treatment as well as for treatment for caries and periodontal disease were somewhat similar among men. Within each ethnic group, variations among sex in the unperceived needs for the various dental symptoms were also noticeable. Further research is indicated to ascertain the role of traditional and cultural concepts and dogmas in determining the importance attached to the various dental health symptoms within each ethnic group.

Fulltext Corrosive oesophageal stricture in Malaysian adults

Krishnan MMS, Tan KC

Med J Malaysia, 1983 Dec;38(4):325-6.

PMID: 6599992

M. M. Sudhakar Krishnan, MS, FRCS (Edin & Glasg).
Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Filarial antibodies and eosinophilia in human subjects in an endemic area

Wong MM, Guest MF

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1969;63(6):796-800.

PMID: 5368008

A rare case of pseudotumor deltoideus encountered in stroke rehabilitation

Lui SK, Koh MM

Med J Malaysia, 2019 08;74(4):333-334.

PMID: 31424044

Although post-stroke shoulder pain is a common medical complication among the stroke population, pseudotumor deltoideus which is non-malignant is rarely seen. This case report demonstrates a thorough history, physical examination followed by the relevant investigations are essential when managing a common post-stroke complication. We postulate that pseudotumor deltoideus is likely a pre-existing asymptomatic variant in our patient before the stroke and has presented symptomatically after the stroke due to the associated neurological and musculoskeletal impairments. As post-stroke shoulder pain is associated with unfavourable outcomes, it is important to recognise the underlying causes of post-stroke shoulder pain early and institute prompt appropriate treatment.

Cutaneous adverse drug reactions: A four-year audit from a district hospital in Johor, Malaysia

Kim HS, Tang MM

Med J Malaysia, 2018 12;73(6):397-399.

PMID: 30647211

Cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADR) are common. However, only very few audits reported the clinical characteristics of cADR captured at district hospitals. We performed a 4-year audit on cADR reported to the Department of Pharmacy in Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah between May 2012 and March 2016. It showed that the main adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporters were pharmacists (84.9%) where the majority of the reactions were clinical descriptions without dermatological diagnosis. Antibiotics (46.4%) were the commonest culprit drug followed by NSAIDs (22%). The most common reactions were immediate reactions, i.e. urticaria and angioedema contributing 55.7% of the cases; followed by maculopapular eruptions (41.8%). There were only six cases (1%) of severe cADR reported in this cohort. Reporting bias and the incomplete dermatological diagnosis were the main limitation of the reports.

Does Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) improve in vitro fertilisation (IVF) outcomes in poor responders?

Malini MN, Zain MM

Med J Malaysia, 2020 01;75(1):24-28.

PMID: 32008015

BACKGROUND: In reproductive medicine poor ovarian response (POR) among women undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF) is of great concern. Meta-analysis showed that Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) administration resulted in a significant increase in the number of oocytes retrieved in women with POR. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of DHEA supplementation on IVF outcomes among poor responders undergoing IVF.

METHODS: Sixteen patients who were diagnosed with POR scheduled to undergo their second cycle of Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)/embryo transfer cycle were enrolled. All enrolled patients had earlier undergone their first ICSI/embryo transfer cycle at least four months prior to this study. All subjects were given DHEA supplementation of 25mg three times daily for at least three months prior to their second ICSI/embryo transfer cycle. Statistical analysis of various ovarian response and ICSI outcomes parameter were compared pre and post DHEA.

RESULTS: Sixteen women with the mean age of 35 years were enrolled in the study. The comparative analysis of results showed a significant increase in the number of good quality of embryos obtained (p<0.05). After the treatment with DHEA, there was an improvement in the number of oocytes retrieved, Metaphase II (MII) oocyte (mature) oocytes obtained, fertilised and transferrable embryos and the pregnancy rate. There was no significant effect of DHEA treatment on the number of days of stimulation and cumulative dose of gonadotrophins used.

CONCLUSION: Our results is able to show that DHEA supplementation may help to enhance IVF-ICSI outcomes in women with POR especially in those age 35 years and below.

Some psychosocial characteristics of sexual reassignment requestors in Singapore--a report on 23 cases

Long FY, Lee MM

Med J Malaysia, 1974 Jun;28(4):208-12.

PMID: 4278402

The early immunisation of infants in Malaysia

Chen ST, Choong MM

Med J Malaya, 1971 Sep;26(1):15-9.

PMID: 4258569

Schultz-Dale reaction with sera of eosinophilic lung patients--a preliminary report

Guest MF, Wong MM

Med J Malaya, 1965 Dec;20(2):146-8.

PMID: 4159506

Varying infectivity of Taenia taeniaeformis for rats and mice

Brandt JR, Sewell MM

Vet Res Commun, 1981 Dec;5(2):187-91.

PMID: 7345726

Strains of Taenia taeniaeformis were shown to possess markedly differing infectivities for Sprague-Dawley rats and CFI mice. Strains from Scotland, Belgium and Iraq were more infective for mice than rats while this situation was reversed with a Malaysian strain. There were also differences in their ability to infect hosts of different ages within the range 3-12 weeks of age.

Mycology of Onychomycosis: A 5-year retrospective review (2011 - 2015) in Hospital Kuala Lumpur

Ramalingam R, Kunalan S, Tang MM

Med J Malaysia, 2017 06;72(3):190-192.

PMID: 28733568 MyJurnal

Onychomycosis is a common nail disease with numerous etiological pathogens. In order to determine and trend the local mycological pattern of culture-positive diseased nail samples sent from the Department of Dermatology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, a five-year retrospective audit was carried out, which revealed that non-dermatophyte molds were the predominant fungi isolated, followed by yeasts and dermatophytes. This is similar to two previous studies in Malaysia, but varies greatly from other studies around the world which showed a dermatophyte-predominant prevalence. This could be due to the nature of the environment our patients encountered.

Fulltext First and Second Metatarsophalangeal Joint Open Dislocations: A Case Report

Pai SN, Kumar MM

Malays Orthop J, 2022 Nov;16(3):143-144.

PMID: 36589378 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2211.023

Fulltext Chronic liver disease in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: a clinical study

Kudva MV, Zawawi MM

Singapore Med J, 1990 Aug;31(4):368-73.

PMID: 2255936

This study was undertaken to analyse the clinical spectrum of chronic liver disease (cirrhosis, and others with portal hypertension) in Kuala Lumpur. Eighty patients were diagnosed over a 6-year period. Twenty-two had biopsy proven cirrhosis while 58 others had portal hypertension with clinical and biochemical evidence of chronic liver disease. The commonest aetiology was alcohol (36%), followed by the idiopathic variety and hepatitis B. The male to female ratio was 4.4:1. Indians had a high prevalence of alcohol-associated chronic liver disease. Overall, ascites was the commonest presentation. Eight patients presented with hepatocellular carcinoma. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis was diagnosed in 13% of patients undergoing abdominal paracentesis. Gallstones were detected in 37% of patients who underwent ultrasonography. Diabetes mellitus and peptic ulcer disease were noted in 22% and 31% of patients respectively.

Fulltext Branchial fistula--a review

Lee ST, Krishnan MM

Singapore Med J, 1991 Feb;32(1):50-2.

PMID: 2017707

Congenital branchial fistula and their embryology is well described in the literature. The accepted standard treatment method includes stepladder excision for extensive fistulas. This paper presents two cases (Case 1 and 2) which are embryologically typical of second and third arch origin respectively; and a third case (Case 3) which has not been previously described. Case 3 appears to be a hitherto unreported combination of first and second arch origin. Case 1 and 2 were treated via a standard stepladder excision approach. A different newer approach was utilised in Case 3, that is, stripping of the fistulous tract with Myer's vein stripper. Unlike the stepladder approach, this is simple and avoids extensive time consuming dissection. However, being a blind procedure, it is not generally advocated if vital structures exist in the proximity.

Assessment of Fasciola and Paramphistomes co-infection in large ruminants through faecal egg counts around Taiping, Malaysia

Che-Kamaruddin N, Isa NMM

Trop Biomed, 2023 Sep 01;40(3):344-350.

PMID: 37897168 DOI: 10.47665/tb.40.3.011

Emerging cases of Fasciola and Paramphistomes co-infection have been reported, especially in tropical regions. Thisis due to Fasciola and Paramphistomes sharing biological factors which influence the pattern of transmission, especially in faecal egg shedding due to interaction and competition in the definitive host. Most reports surveyed the occurrence of fasciolosis in ruminants with a lack of observation of faecal egg distribution. Therefore, present study is aimed to assess the distribution of Fasciola and Paramphistomes faecal egg count (fec) in co-infected large ruminants in Larut, Matang, and Selama areas (Taiping). A total of 371 faecal samples were collected at random from 23 ruminant herds. Flukefinder® sedimentation was used to quantify the Fasciola and Paramphistomes eggs. Descriptive analyses were performed to determine the prevalence of co-infections, and Spearman correlation analysis was used to correlate the fec. Overall, the prevalence of Fasciola and Paramphistomes co-infection was 23.7% (n=89/371) in Taiping. Prevalence of paramphistomosis was always higher than fasciolosis in overall and single infection, with 46.9% (n=174/371) and 22.9% (n=85/371) compared to 36.9% (n=137/371) and 12.9% (n=48/371) respectively. Egg per gram (epg) of both parasites were positively skewed with a median of 1.5 epg in fasciolosis and 10.5 epg in paramphistomosis. Spearman correlation analysis of the epg in co-infected bovine was found to have a moderately positive correlation with rs=0.39 (p-value<0.01). The recent study observed a moderate prevalence of Fasciola and Paramphistomes coinfection in a large ruminant population from Taiping, with the prevalence of paramphistomosis being higher than fasciolosis. Hence, this suggests that infection with one of these parasites increases the chance of infection with another. There is a need to integrate fec in parasite surveillance to monitor the trend of parasite transmission. Findings in the present study could tailor control strategies, especially for fasciolosis to limit the economic loss and prevent zoonotic transmission.

Fulltext Analysis of Postural Control following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with Ipsilateral Peroneus Longus Tendon Graft

Sahoo PK, Sahu MM

Malays Orthop J, 2023 Mar;17(1):133-141.

PMID: 37064638 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2303.016

INTRODUCTION: Harvesting peroneus longus for ACL reconstruction is thought to create ankle instability which could add to postural instability from an ACL injury. This apprehension prevents its use as a graft of primary choice for many surgeons. To date, there is no evidence available describing changes in postural control after its use in ACL reconstruction. The purpose of the study was to analyse the changes in postural control in the form of static and dynamic body balance after ACL reconstruction with Peroneus Longus Tendon Graft and compare it with the unaffected limb at different time intervals.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-one participants with ACL injury were selected and subjected to an assessment of static and dynamic balance before and after ACL reconstruction using the HUMAC balance system. Outcome measures for Centre of Pressure (COP) assessment were average velocity, path length, stability score, and time on target. Comparison of scores was done pre-operatively as well as at three- and six-months post-reconstruction with Peroneus longus tendon graft.

RESULTS: Static balance of the affected limb showed significant improvement with a decrease in average velocity (F=4.522, p=0.026), path length (F=4.592: p=0.024) and improvement of stability score (F=8.283, p=0.001). Dynamic balance measured by the time on the target variable also showed significant improvement at six-month follow-up (F=10.497: p=0.000). There was no significant difference between the affected and non-affected limb when compared at the different time intervals.

CONCLUSION: The static and dynamic balance, which is impaired after ACL injury, improves with ACL reconstruction with PLT autologous graft. Hence PLTG can be safely used as a graft for ACL reconstruction without affecting postural control and body balance.

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