Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 279 in total

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  1. Wan Hassan WN, Abu Kassim NL, Jhawar A, Shurkri NM, Kamarul Baharin NA, Chan CS
    Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2016 Apr;149(4):567-78.
    PMID: 27021461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.10.018
    In this article, we present an evaluation of user acceptance of our innovative hand-gesture-based touchless sterile system for interaction with and control of a set of 3-dimensional digitized orthodontic study models using the Kinect motion-capture sensor (Microsoft, Redmond, Wash).
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  2. Loy Kak Choon, Puteri Nurul Fatihah binti Mohamad Azli
    MyJurnal
    2nd-order ODEs can be found in many applications, e.g., motion of pendulum, vibrating springs, etc. We first convert the 2nd-order nonlinear ODEs to a system of 1st-order ODEs which is easier to deal with. Then, Adams-Bashforth (AB) methods are used to solve the resulting system of 1st-order ODE. AB methods are chosen since they are the explicit schemes and more efficient in terms of shorter computational time. However, the step size is more restrictive since these methods are conditionally stable. We find two test cases (one test problem and one manufactured solution) to be used to validate the AB methods. The exact solution for both test cases are available for the error and convergence analysis later on. The implementation of 1st-, 2nd- and 3rd-order AB methods are done using Octave. The error was computed to retrieve the order of convergence numerically and the CPU time was recorded to analyze their efficiency.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  3. Ziaee M, Hejazi F
    PLoS One, 2023;18(8):e0290248.
    PMID: 37590241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290248
    Coulomb friction is considered as a mechanical approach to diminish the structural responses during the excitations. However, in case of severe oscillations supplementary mechanisms are employed besides the friction to mitigate the destructive effects of the vibrations in structures. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to develop a new Hybrid System (HS) which is a parallel combination of Viscous Damping (VD) and Coulomb friction for structures subjected to dynamic load. To achieve this goal, the effect of viscous damper is embedded in the equation of motion which is proposed by Den Hartog for a Single-Degree-of-Freedom (SDOF) Coulomb system, and has been extensively implemented for past few decades. In the considered numerical example in this study, implementing the proposed HDM in system resulted in decreasing the maximum displacement in the range of 1% to 98% for different amounts of force amplitude and viscous damping ratios. Also, applying the proposed HDM increased the time lag for about up to 24% for the frequency ratios greater than 1. The developed hybridized system in this study can be utilised as new generation of Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) to improve their energy dissipating efficiency under severe excitations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  4. Liang SN, Borondo F, Lan BL
    PLoS One, 2012;7(11):e48447.
    PMID: 23152774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048447
    The statistical predictions of Newtonian and special-relativistic mechanics, which are calculated from an initially Gaussian ensemble of trajectories, are compared for a low-speed scattering system. The comparisons are focused on the mean dwell time, transmission and reflection coefficients, and the position and momentum means and standard deviations. We find that the statistical predictions of the two theories do not always agree as conventionally expected. The predictions are close if the scattering is non-chaotic but they are radically different if the scattering is chaotic and the initial ensemble is well localized in phase space. Our result indicates that for low-speed chaotic scattering, special-relativistic mechanics must be used, instead of the standard practice of using Newtonian mechanics, to obtain empirically-correct statistical predictions from an initially well-localized Gaussian ensemble.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion*
  5. Tham LK, Abu Osman NA, Wan Abas WA, Lim KS
    PLoS One, 2013;8(2):e55702.
    PMID: 23409022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055702
    The deep tendon reflex assessments that are essential to the accurate diagnosis of neurological or neuromuscular disorders are conducted subjectively in clinical neurology. Our aim was to assess deep tendon reflexes objectively with a new reflex quantification method.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion*
  6. Saif AF, Prabuwono AS, Mahayuddin ZR
    PLoS One, 2015;10(6):e0126212.
    PMID: 26030818 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126212
    Fast and computationally less complex feature extraction for moving object detection using aerial images from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) remains as an elusive goal in the field of computer vision research. The types of features used in current studies concerning moving object detection are typically chosen based on improving detection rate rather than on providing fast and computationally less complex feature extraction methods. Because moving object detection using aerial images from UAVs involves motion as seen from a certain altitude, effective and fast feature extraction is a vital issue for optimum detection performance. This research proposes a two-layer bucket approach based on a new feature extraction algorithm referred to as the moment-based feature extraction algorithm (MFEA). Because a moment represents the coherent intensity of pixels and motion estimation is a motion pixel intensity measurement, this research used this relation to develop the proposed algorithm. The experimental results reveal the successful performance of the proposed MFEA algorithm and the proposed methodology.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion*
  7. Belousov R, Cohen EG, Rondoni L
    Phys Rev E, 2016 Sep;94(3-1):032127.
    PMID: 27739763
    In this paper, we generalize the theory of Brownian motion and the Onsager-Machlup theory of fluctuations for spatially symmetric systems to equilibrium and nonequilibrium steady-state systems with a preferred spatial direction, due to an external force. To do this, we extend the Langevin equation to include a bias, which is introduced by an external force and alters the Gaussian structure of the system's fluctuations. In addition, by solving this extended equation, we provide a physical interpretation for the statistical properties of the fluctuations in these systems. Connections of the extended Langevin equation with the theory of active Brownian motion are discussed as well.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  8. Abd Rahman N, Ibrahim F, Yafouz B
    Sensors (Basel), 2017 Feb 24;17(3).
    PMID: 28245552 DOI: 10.3390/s17030449
    Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a label-free, accurate, fast, low-cost diagnostic technique that uses the principles of polarization and the motion of bioparticles in applied electric fields. This technique has been proven to be beneficial in various fields, including environmental research, polymer research, biosensors, microfluidics, medicine and diagnostics. Biomedical science research is one of the major research areas that could potentially benefit from DEP technology for diverse applications. Nevertheless, many medical science research investigations have yet to benefit from the possibilities offered by DEP. This paper critically reviews the fundamentals, recent progress, current challenges, future directions and potential applications of research investigations in the medical sciences utilizing DEP technique. This review will also act as a guide and reference for medical researchers and scientists to explore and utilize the DEP technique in their research fields.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  9. Farooq J, Mushtaq M, Munir S, Ramzan M, Chung JD, Farooq U
    Sci Rep, 2018 Sep 03;8(1):13137.
    PMID: 30177724 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31538-8
    This study deals with the steady laminar slip flow of an incompressible Newtonian fluid in a non-uniform permeable channel under the influence of transverse magnetic field. The reabsorption through the wall is accounted for by considering flux as a function of downstream distance. The non-linear coupled partial differential equations of motion are first transformed into a single fourth order partial differential equation and then solved analytically using Adomain decomposition method. Effects of pertinent parameters on different flow properties are discussed by plotting graphs. Results reveal that magnetic field considerably influences the behavior of flow.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  10. Ghaleb FA, Kamat MB, Salleh M, Rohani MF, Abd Razak S
    PLoS One, 2018;13(11):e0207176.
    PMID: 30457996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207176
    The presence of motion artefacts in ECG signals can cause misleading interpretation of cardiovascular status. Recently, reducing the motion artefact from ECG signal has gained the interest of many researchers. Due to the overlapping nature of the motion artefact with the ECG signal, it is difficult to reduce motion artefact without distorting the original ECG signal. However, the application of an adaptive noise canceler has shown that it is effective in reducing motion artefacts if the appropriate noise reference that is correlated with the noise in the ECG signal is available. Unfortunately, the noise reference is not always correlated with motion artefact. Consequently, filtering with such a noise reference may lead to contaminating the ECG signal. In this paper, a two-stage filtering motion artefact reduction algorithm is proposed. In the algorithm, two methods are proposed, each of which works in one stage. The weighted adaptive noise filtering method (WAF) is proposed for the first stage. The acceleration derivative is used as motion artefact reference and the Pearson correlation coefficient between acceleration and ECG signal is used as a weighting factor. In the second stage, a recursive Hampel filter-based estimation method (RHFBE) is proposed for estimating the ECG signal segments, based on the spatial correlation of the ECG segment component that is obtained from successive ECG signals. Real-World dataset is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed methods compared to the conventional adaptive filter. The results show a promising enhancement in terms of reducing motion artefacts from the ECG signals recorded by a cost-effective single lead ECG sensor during several activities of different subjects.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  11. Sirunyan AM, Tumasyan A, Adam W, Ambrogi F, Asilar E, Bergauer T, et al.
    Eur Phys J C Part Fields, 2019;79(11):969.
    PMID: 31886778 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7451-7
    Measurements are presented of the triple-differential cross section for inclusive isolated-photon+jet events in

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    . The measurements are compared to next-to-leading order perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculations, which reproduce the data within uncertainties.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  12. Majeed Z, Nawazish S, Baig A, Akhtar W, Iqbal A, Muhammad Khan W, et al.
    PLoS One, 2023;18(2):e0278568.
    PMID: 36848343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278568
    Green biomass is a renewable and biodegradable material that has the potential use to trap urea to develop a high-efficiency urea fertilizer for crops' better performance. Current work examined the morphology, chemical composition, biodegradability, urea release, soil health, and plant growth effects of the SRF films subjected to changes in the thickness of 0.27, 0.54, and 1.03 mm. The morphology was examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy, chemical composition was analyzed by Infrared Spectroscopy, and biodegradability was assessed through evolved CO2 and CH4 quantified through Gas Chromatography. The chloroform fumigation technique was used for microbial growth assessment in the soil. The soil pH and redox potential were also measured using a specific probe. CHNS analyzer was used to calculate the total carbon and total nitrogen of the soil. A plant growth experiment was conducted on the Wheat plant (Triticum sativum). The thinner the films, the more they supported the growth and penetration of the soil's microorganisms mainly the species of fungus possibly due to the presence of lignin in films. The fingerprint regions of the infrared spectrum of SRF films showed all films in soil changed in their chemical composition due to biodegradation but the increase in the thickness possibly provides resistance to the films' losses. The higher thickness of the film delayed the rate and time for biodegradation and the release of methane gas in the soil. The 1.03 mm film (47% in 56 days) and 0.54 mm film (35% in 91 days) showed the slowest biodegradability as compared to the 0.27 mm film with the highest losses (60% in 35 days). The slow urea release is more affected by the increase in thickness. The Korsymer Pappas model with release exponent value of < 0.5 explained the release from the SRF films followed the quasi-fickian diffusion and also reduced the diffusion coefficient for urea. An increase in the pH and decrease in the redox potential of the soil is correlated with higher total organic content and total nitrogen in the soil in response to amending SRF films with variable thickness. Growth of the wheat plant showed the highest average plant length, leaf area index and grain per plant in response to the increase in the film's thickness. This work developed an important knowledge to enhance the efficiency of film encapsulated urea that can better slow the urea release if the thickness is optimized.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion Pictures as Topic*
  13. Bachok N, Ishak A, Pop I
    PLoS One, 2013;8(4):e60766.
    PMID: 23577156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060766
    The steady boundary layer flow of a viscous and incompressible fluid over a moving vertical flat plate in an external moving fluid with viscous dissipation is theoretically investigated. Using appropriate similarity variables, the governing system of partial differential equations is transformed into a system of ordinary (similarity) differential equations, which is then solved numerically using a Maple software. Results for the skin friction or shear stress coefficient, local Nusselt number, velocity and temperature profiles are presented for different values of the governing parameters. It is found that the set of the similarity equations has unique solutions, dual solutions or no solutions, depending on the values of the mixed convection parameter, the velocity ratio parameter and the Eckert number. The Eckert number significantly affects the surface shear stress as well as the heat transfer rate at the surface.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion*
  14. Bong CH, Lau TL, Ghani AA
    Water Sci Technol, 2013;67(2):395-403.
    PMID: 23168641 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2012.580
    The current study aims to verify the existing equations for incipient motion for a rigid rectangular channel. Data from experimental work on incipient motion from a rectangular flume with two different widths, namely 0.3 and 0.6 m, were compared with the critical velocity value predicted by the equations of Novak & Nalluri and El-Zaemey. The equation by El-Zaemey performed better with an average discrepancy ratio value of 1.06 compared with the equation by Novak & Nalluri with an average discrepancy ratio value of 0.87. However, as the sediment deposit thickness increased, the equation by El-Zaemey became less accurate. A plot on the Shields Diagram using the experimental data had shown the significant effect of the sediment deposit thickness where, as the deposit becomes thicker, the dimensionless shear stress θ value also increased. A new equation had been proposed by incorporating the sediment deposit thickness. The new equation gave improved prediction with an average discrepancy ratio value of 1.02.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion*
  15. Swami V, Zahari HS, Mohd Khatib NA, Toh EKL, Barron D
    Integr Psychol Behav Sci, 2020 06;54(2):416-437.
    PMID: 31950435 DOI: 10.1007/s12124-020-09514-7
    The Round Table Cinema Activity (RTCA) is an intervention designed to promote improved multicultural understanding by having different social identity groups watch a carefully-selected film and take part in repeated dialogic exchanges. Here, we examined the efficacy of the RTCA paradigm at improving inter-ethnic understanding and empathy among members of different social identity groups from the same country (i.e., Malaysian Malays and Chinese). A total of 87 participants completed a measure of ethnocultural empathy before and after the RTCA paradigm, which involved watching the film Sepet, taking part in group discussions, and answering open-ended question about their experiences. Analyses of written responses suggested that the RTCA was successful at promoting intergroup dialogue and exchange of ideas. Analyses of quantitative data suggested significant and large improvements in ethnocultural empathy at post-intervention. Our findings suggest that the RTCA paradigm may be a useful tool for promoting inter-ethnic harmony in the Malaysian context.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion Pictures as Topic*
  16. Jamaludin NI, Sahabuddin FNA, Raja Ahmad Najib RKM, Shamshul Bahari MLH, Shaharudin S
    PMID: 32575511 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124418
    The study investigated the influence of ankle strength and its range of motion (ROM) on knee kinematics during drop landing. Fifteen male and fifteen female university athletes with a normal range of dynamic knee valgus (DKV) (knee frontal plane projection angle: men = 3° to 8°, females = 7° to 13°) were recruited. They performed drop landing at height 30 cm and 45 cm with three-dimensional motion capture and analysis. Knee angles were compared at specific landing phases. Isokinetic ankle strength was tested at 60°/s angular velocity while the weight-bearing lunge test was conducted to evaluate ankle ROM. For males, strength for both plantarflexors and dorsiflexors were associated with knee kinematics at both heights (30 cm: r = -0.50, p = 0.03; 45 cm: r = -0.45, p = 0.05) during maximum vertical ground reaction force (MVGRF) phase. For females, ankle invertor strength and knee kinematics were associated at both 30cm (r = 0.53; p = 0.02,) and 45 cm landing heights (r = 0.49, p = 0.03), while plantarflexor strength and knee kinematics showed a significant association during initial contact (r = 0.70, p < 0.01) and MVGRF (r = 0.55, p = 0.02) phases at height 30 cm only. Male and female athletes with normal range of DKV showed a significant relationship between ankle strength and knee kinematics at specific landing phases. These relationships varied with increased landing height.
    Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular*
  17. Amini H, Farzaneh B, Azimifar F, Sarhan AAD
    ISA Trans, 2016 Sep;64:293-302.
    PMID: 27329852 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2016.05.006
    This paper establishes a novel control strategy for a nonlinear bilateral macro-micro teleoperation system with time delay. Besides position and velocity signals, force signals are additionally utilized in the control scheme. This modification significantly improves the poor transparency during contact with the environment. To eliminate external force measurement, a force estimation algorithm is proposed for the master and slave robots. The closed loop stability of the nonlinear micro-micro teleoperation system with the proposed control scheme is investigated employing the Lyapunov theory. Consequently, the experimental results verify the efficiency of the new control scheme in free motion and during collision between the slave robot and the environment of slave robot with environment, and the efficiency of the force estimation algorithm.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  18. Liang SN, Lan BL
    PLoS One, 2012;7(5):e36430.
    PMID: 22606259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036430
    The newtonian and special-relativistic statistical predictions for the mean, standard deviation and probability density function of the position and momentum are compared for the periodically-delta-kicked particle at low speed. Contrary to expectation, we find that the statistical predictions, which are calculated from the same parameters and initial gaussian ensemble of trajectories, do not always agree if the initial ensemble is sufficiently well-localized in phase space. Moreover, the breakdown of agreement is very fast if the trajectories in the ensemble are chaotic, but very slow if the trajectories in the ensemble are non-chaotic. The breakdown of agreement implies that special-relativistic mechanics must be used, instead of the standard practice of using newtonian mechanics, to correctly calculate the statistical predictions for the dynamics of a low-speed system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  19. Ranjit S, Sim K, Besar R, Tso C
    Biomed Imaging Interv J, 2009 Jul;5(3):e32.
    PMID: 21611059 MyJurnal DOI: 10.2349/biij.5.3.e32
    By applying a hexagon-diamond search (HDS) method to an ultrasound image, the path of an object is able to be monitored by extracting images into macro-blocks, thereby achieving image redundancy is reduced from one frame to another, and also ascertaining the motion vector within the parameters searched. The HDS algorithm uses six search points to form the six sides of the hexagon pattern, a centre point, and a further four search points to create diamond pattern within the hexagon that clarifies the focus of the subject area.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
  20. Hamid RA, Nazar R, Pop I
    Sci Rep, 2015;5:14640.
    PMID: 26440761 DOI: 10.1038/srep14640
    The paper deals with a stagnation-point boundary layer flow towards a permeable stretching/shrinking sheet in a nanofluid where the flow and the sheet are not aligned. We used the Buongiorno model that is based on the Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis to describe the nanofluid in this problem. The main purpose of the present paper is to examine whether the non-alignment function has the effect on the problem considered when the fluid suction and injection are imposed. It is interesting to note that the non-alignment function can ruin the symmetry of the flows and prominent in the shrinking sheet. The fluid suction will reduce the impact of the non-alignment function of the stagnation flow and the stretching/shrinking sheet but at the same time increasing the velocity profiles and the shear stress at the surface. Furthermore, the effects of the pertinent parameters such as the Brownian motion, thermophoresis, Lewis number and the suction/injection on the flow and heat transfer characteristics are also taken into consideration. The numerical results are shown in the tables and the figures. It is worth mentioning that dual solutions are found to exist for the shrinking sheet.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motion
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