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Displaying publications 41 - 49 of 49 in total

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Combination of Rigid and Nonrigid Fixation Versus Nonrigid Fixation for Bilateral Mandibular Fractures: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Rughubar V, Vares Y, Singh P, Filipsky A, Creanga A, Iqbal S, et al.

J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2020 Oct;78(10):1781-1794.
PMID: 32589939 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2020.05.012

PURPOSE: We aimed to compare complication rates and functional outcomes in patients with bilateral mandibular fractures treated with different degrees of internal fixation rigidity.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter randomized controlled trial included adults with bilateral mandibular fractures located at either the angle and body, angle and symphysis, or body and symphysis. Patients were treated with either a combination of rigid fixation for the anterior fracture and nonrigid fixation for the posterior fracture (mixed fixation) or nonrigid fixation for both fractures. The primary outcome was complications within 6 weeks after surgery. Secondary outcomes were complications within 3 months, Helkimo dysfunction index, and mandibular mobility at 6 weeks and 3 months after surgery.
RESULTS: Of the 315 patients enrolled, 158 were randomized to the mixed fixation group and 157 to the nonrigid fixation group. The overall complication rate at 6 weeks in the intention-to-treat population was 9.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.3% to 15.6%) in the mixed fixation group and 7.8% (95% CI, 4.0% to 13.5%) in the nonrigid fixation group. With an unadjusted odds ratio of 1.25 (95% CI, 0.51 to 3.17), there were no statistically significant differences in complication rates between the 2 groups (P = .591). A multivariable model for complication risk at 6 weeks found no significant differences between treatment groups, but patients with moderate or severe displacement had a higher complication rate than those with no or minimal displacement (adjusted odds ratio, 4.58; 95% CI, 1.16 to 18.06; P = .030). There were no significant between-group differences in complication rates at 3 months. Moreover, no significant differences in Helkimo dysfunction index and mandibular mobility index at 6 weeks and 3 months were found between groups according to treatment allocated and treatment received.
CONCLUSIONS: A combination of rigid and nonrigid fixation in patients with bilateral mandibular fracture has similar complication rates and functional outcomes to nonrigid fixation for both fractures.
Biotransformation of Raw Mango Seed Waste into Bacterial Hydrolytic Enzymes Enhancement Via Solid State Fermentation Strategy

Khan PA, Mohammad A, Bansal SL, Lal B, Singh P, Singh R, et al.

Mol Biotechnol, 2024 Jan 09.
PMID: 38195817 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-01022-4

Solid waste generation is a huge contributor to environmental pollution issues, and food wastes are prominent in this category due to their large generation on a day-to-day basis. Thus, the settlement of daily food waste is one of the major constraints and needs innovative manufacturing sheme to valorize solid waste in sustainable manner. Moreover, these food wastes are rich in organic content, which has promising scope for their value-added products. In the present study, raw mango seed waste has been biotransformed to produce bacterial hydrolytic enzymes as feedstock. On investigating the impact of substrate, the highest bacterial cellulase production was recorded to be 18 IU/gds FP (filter paper) in 24 h of microbial incubation at 5 g of substrate in solid-state fermentation (SSF). Furthermore, at 40 °C and pH 6.0, 23 IU/gds FP enzyme could be produced in 24 h of SSF. Beside this, on comparing the influence of inorganic and organic nitrogen sources, urea has been found to provide better cellulase production, which yielded 28 IU/gds FP in 24 h of incubation, along with 77 IU/gds BG (β-glucosidase) and 89 IU/gds EG (endoglucanase). On the other hand, Tween-40 and Tween-80, two different surfactants, were employed at a 1.0% concentration for 24 h of incubation. It was noticed that Tween-80 showed complete enzyme activity at 24 h, which was found to be relatively superior to that of Tween-40. This study may have potential utility in enzyme production using mango seed as a food waste for various industrial applications.
Biomimicking dual drug eluting twisted electrospun nanofiber yarns for post-operative wound healing

Singh P, Pandey P, Arya DK, Anjum MM, Poonguzhali S, Kumar A, et al.

Biomed Mater, 2023 Mar 27;18(3).
PMID: 36921352 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605X/acc4a1

The morbidity rate following a surgical procedure increasing rapidly in the cases associated with surgical site infections. Traditional sutures lack the ability to deliver drugs as the incorporation of the drug in their structure would hamper their mechanical properties. To prevent such infections, we developed an extracellular matrix mimicking electrospun nanofibrous yarns of poly-(D,L)-lactic acid and polyvinyl alcohol loaded with vancomycin and ferulic acid, prepared by uniaxial electrospinning technique.In-vitrocharacterization such as scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, tensile strength testing, degradation studies, and antimicrobial studies along within-vivoevaluation done with help of incision wound healing rat model and simultaneous testing of microbial load in the incised tissue. Thein-vitrostudies indicated the nanofiber yarns have size range 200-300 nm with a tensile strength of 7.54 ± 0.58 MPa. The dual drug-loaded yarn showed sustained drug release over a period of 48 h.In-vitrowater uptake and biodegradation data indicated optimum results suitable for suturing applications. Antimicrobial study showed excellent antimicrobial activity against bothS. aureus and E. coli.Results obtained fromin-vivostudy suggested excellent wound healing potential of nanofiber yarns as compared with commercial silk sutures. The histopathological studies confirmed restoring ability of nanofiber yarn to the normal skin structure. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) study revealed the downregulation of inflammatory markers i.e. TNF-alpha and IL-6, making nanofibers sutures suitable for surgical wound healing applications. Overall, the present study may conclude that the developed dual drug-loaded nanofiber yarns have excellent potential in surgical wound healing applications.
Association between painful physical symptoms and clinical outcomes in East Asian patients with major depressive disorder: a 3-month prospective observational study

Ang QQ, Wing YK, He Y, Sulaiman AH, Chiu NY, Shen YC, et al.

Int J Clin Pract, 2009 Jul;63(7):1041-9.
PMID: 19570122 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02107.x

Reports from non-Asian populations indicate that painful physical symptoms (PPS) are associated with poorer clinical and functional outcomes in major depressive disorder (MDD). The purpose of this study is to report comparative changes in disease severity, treatment patterns and quality of life observed in East Asian patients with MDD, with and without PPS, as assessed prospectively over a 3-month observation period.
Fulltext Antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of seeds from emblica officinalis (Gaertn.)

G Singh P, S Jain A, B Sridhara Setty P, Bv S, S Patil S, P A, et al.

Bioinformation, 2022;18(8):683-691.
PMID: 37323557 DOI: 10.6026/97320630018683

There is a shred of evidence to suggest that Emblica officinalis Gaertn, the botanical name for amla seeds, has greater medicinal potential than amla fruit. We conducted this work to assess the anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant capacities of E. officinalis seed extracts. The bioactive components from the seeds were fractionated using chloroform, hexane, methanol, and diethyl ether, according to the polarity of the solvents. The total amount of phenolic and flavonoid was estimated. Both the reducing power and antioxidant capacities of the extracts were evaluated using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) technique. 15-lipoxygenase (LOX) was inhibited by seed extracts at doses ranging from 5 to 25 micrograms. In silico docking was employed to assess the results. Some human pathogenic microorganisms were tested for their antibacterial activity using the agar disc diffusion method. Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, and Klebsiella pneumonia were inhibited by a methanolic extract with an IC50 value of 58g, making it the most common organic solvent extract. Methanolic extracts also showed good antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Our investigation led us to discover that amla seeds have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial effects.
Amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimer's disease

Maurya R, Bhattacharjee G, Khambhati K, Gohil N, Singh P, Mani I, et al.

Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci, 2023;196:261-270.
PMID: 36813361 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.09.006

Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a membrane protein expressed in several tissues. The occurrence of APP is predominant in synapses of nerve cells. It acts as a cell surface receptor and plays a vital role as a regulator of synapse formation, iron export and neural plasticity. It is encoded by the APP gene that is regulated by substrate presentation. APP is a precursor protein activated by proteolytic cleavage and thereby generating amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides which eventually form amyloid plaques that accumulate in Alzheimer's disease patients' brains. In this chapter, we highlight basic mechanism, structure, expression patterns and cleavage of amyloid plaques, and its diagnosis and potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease.
Amniocentesis for antenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities and neural tube defects

Singh P

Med J Malaysia, 1979 Jun;33(4):311-6.
PMID: 93235
Fulltext A review about COVID-19 in the MENA region: environmental concerns and machine learning applications

Meskher H, Belhaouari SB, Thakur AK, Sathyamurthy R, Singh P, Khelfaoui I, et al.

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2022 Nov;29(55):82709-82728.
PMID: 36223015 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23392-z

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has delayed global economic growth, which has affected the economic life globally. On the one hand, numerous elements in the environment impact the transmission of this new coronavirus. Every country in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) area has a different population density, air quality and contaminants, and water- and land-related conditions, all of which influence coronavirus transmission. The World Health Organization (WHO) has advocated fast evaluations to guide policymakers with timely evidence to respond to the situation. This review makes four unique contributions. One, many data about the transmission of the new coronavirus in various sorts of settings to provide clear answers to the current dispute over the virus's transmission were reviewed. Two, highlight the most significant application of machine learning to forecast and diagnose severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Three, our insights provide timely and accurate information along with compelling suggestions and methodical directions for investigators. Four, the present study provides decision-makers and community leaders with information on the effectiveness of environmental controls for COVID-19 dissemination.
A Review on CNTs-Based Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors: Unique Properties and Potential Applications

Meskher H, Ragdi T, Thakur AK, Ha S, Khelfaoui I, Sathyamurthy R, et al.

Crit Rev Anal Chem, 2023 Feb 01.
PMID: 36724894 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2171277

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), are safe, biocompatible, bioactive, and biodegradable materials, and have sparked a lot of attention due to their unique characteristics in a variety of applications, including medical and dye industries, paper manufacturing and water purification. CNTs also have a strong film-forming potential, permitting them to be widely employed in constructing sensors and biosensors. This review concentrates on the application of CNT-based nanocomposites in the production of electrochemical sensors and biosensors. It emphasizes the synthesis and optimization of CNT-based sensors for a range of applications and outlines the benefits of using CNTs for biomolecule immobilization. In addition, the use of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-CNTs in the production of electrochemical sensors is also discussed. The challenges faced by the current CNTs-based sensors, along with some the future perspectives and their future opportunities, are also briefly explained in this paper.