Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 179 in total

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  1. Energy density and weight of food effect short-term caloric compensation in men
    Mazlan N, Horgan G, Stubbs RJ
    Physiol Behav, 2006 Apr 15;87(4):679-86.
    PMID: 16545404
    The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of energy density and food weight (volume) on subsequent intake.
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake/physiology*
  2. Relationship between sociodemographics, dietary intake, and physical activity with gestational weight gain among pregnant women in Rafsanjan City, Iran
    Ebrahimi F, Shariff ZM, Tabatabaei SZ, Fathollahi MS, Mun CY, Nazari M
    J Health Popul Nutr, 2015 Mar;33(1):168-76.
    PMID: 25995733
    Gestational weight gain (GWG) is a determinant of health and nutrition of mothers and offspring. However, many factors associated with GWG are not completely understood. The present study assessed the relationship between sociodemographics, dietary intake, and physical activity with GWG in 308 Iranian pregnant women attending government healthcare centres in Rafsanjan city, Iran. Women gained an average of 12.87±3.57 kg during pregnancy while 54% did not gain weight within the Institute of Medicine (IOM)-recommended range. Univariate logistic models showed that gestaional weight gain was related to age, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), energy intake, and sitting time. Cumulative logit model showed positive relationship between age (p=0.0137) and pre-pregnancy BMI (p<0.0001) with GWG. All pregnant women should be counselled on achieving the reccomended GWG to prevent adverse maternal and prenatal outcomes. Pre-pregnancy and gestational nutritional status and physical activity should be emphasized in antenatal care.
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake*
  3. Fulltext Prediction of body fat loss in relation to change in nutrient intake among housewives participating in the MyBFF@home study
    Othman F, Mohamad Nor NS, Appannah G, Zaki NAM, Ambak R, Omar A, et al.
    BMC Womens Health, 2018 07 19;18(Suppl 1):102.
    PMID: 30066632 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-018-0594-0
    BACKGROUND: Diet compositions are likely to be one of the influential factors for body fat deposition. The aim of this paper was to determine the nutrient changes and its association to body fat loss among the overweight and obese housewives in the MyBFF@home study.

    METHODS: Data of participants in the MyBFF@home study (intervention and control groups) were analysed. Participants in the intervention group received personalised dietary counselling consisted of reduced calorie diet 1200-1500 kcal/day, while the control group was assigned to receive women's health seminars. The dietary assessment was done during the intervention phase at baseline, 1 month (m), 2 m, 3 m and 6 m using a 3-day food diary. Body fat was measured using a bioelectrical impedance analyser (In-body 720) at baseline and at the end of the intervention phase. The mean differences of nutrient intake and body compositions during the intervention phase were measured with paired t-test. The changes in body fat and nutrients intake were calculated by subtracting baseline measurements from those taken at 6 months. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the extent to which the changes in each gram of nutrients per 1000 kcal were predictive of changes in body fat mass.

    RESULTS: There were significant reductions in energy, all macronutrients, dietary fibre, calcium and iron intake in both study groups after the intervention phase (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake/physiology*
  4. Data-Centric Routing for Intra Wireless Body Sensor Networks
    Bangash JI, Khan AW, Abdullah AH
    J Med Syst, 2015 Sep;39(9):91.
    PMID: 26242749 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-015-0268-5
    A significant proportion of the worldwide population is of the elderly people living with chronic diseases that result in high health-care cost. To provide continuous health monitoring with minimal health-care cost, Wireless Body Sensor Networks (WBSNs) has been recently emerged as a promising technology. Depending on nature of sensory data, WBSNs might require a high level of Quality of Service (QoS) both in terms of delay and reliability during data reporting phase. In this paper, we propose a data-centric routing for intra WBSNs that adapts the routing strategy in accordance with the nature of data, temperature rise issue of the implanted bio-medical sensors due to electromagnetic wave absorption, and high and dynamic path loss caused by postural movement of human body and in-body wireless communication. We consider the network models both with and without relay nodes in our simulations. Due to the multi-facet routing strategy, the proposed data-centric routing achieves better performance in terms of delay, reliability, temperature rise, and energy consumption when compared with other state-of-the-art.
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
  5. Effects of fasting in Ramadan on tropical Asiatic Moslems
    Husain R, Duncan MT, Cheah SH, Ch'ng SL
    Br J Nutr, 1987 Jul;58(1):41-8.
    PMID: 3620437
    1. Anthropometric variables, resting heart rate and respiratory gas exchange were measured in twelve male and nine female Asiatic adult Moslems during the month of Ramadan, the week before and the month after Ramadan. 2. Energy intakes were estimated from dietary recall during fasting and non-fasting conditions. 3. Both male and female subjects experienced a decrease in body mass with the reduction in energy intake during fasting. Males experienced a greater reduction than females in resting heart rate; females lost more body-weight and subcutaneous fat than males. 4. Urine output and fluid intake were measured in twelve male subjects for 1 d during each week of fasting and 1 d during the pre-fasting control period. Among the subjects examined, the Ramadan regimen did not result in changes in the pattern of fluid exchange.
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
  6. Optimization of mango-pineapple jelly sphere production by frozen reverse spherification using a full factorial design
    Low YL, Pui LP
    Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment, 2020 7 1;19(2):207-218.
    PMID: 32600017 DOI: 10.17306/J.AFS.0752
    BACKGROUND: The bite-sized jelly sphere with a gelatinous exterior and fruit puree interior is a type of innovative fruit-based dessert. This study aimed to produce jelly spheres with a gelatinous exterior and mangopineapple puree interior by using frozen reverse spherification.

    METHODS: A full factorial design (23) was applied to study the effects of mango-pineapple ratio (x1), immersion time in sugar solution (x2), and concentration of sugar solution (x3) in the production  of mango-pineapple jelly spheres using frozen reverse spherification. The responses studied were the physicochemical properties (color, total soluble solids, and texture) and sensory evaluation of mango-pineapple jelly spheres.

    RESULTS: Mango-pineapple ratio had a positive effect on a* and b* while having a negative effect L* value on the jelly sphere. Total soluble solids of jelly spheres were influenced by both immersion time in sugar solution and concentration of sugar solution. Immersion time in sugar solution had a positive effect on the peak force of the compression cycle and deformation at peak load while having a negative effect on the total soluble solid of jelly spheres. On the other hand, the concentration of sugar solution had a positive effect on the sensory evaluation in terms of flavor, texture, and overall acceptability. The desirability function approach was used to optimize the factors, and an overall desirability of 0.89 for all responses was achieved with 1.28:1 mango-pineapple ratio, 30 mins immersion time in sugar solution, and 22°Brix sugar solution. A proximate analysis of the optimized mango-pineapple jelly spheres had an energy content of 73.18 kcal/100 g and showed nutrient values of 81.11% moisture, 0.10% ash, 0.46% protein, 0% fat, 0.97% total dietary fiber, and 17.35% digestible carbohydrate.

    CONCLUSIONS: The development of the optimal mango-pineapple jelly sphere allows food producers to produce a dessert that is low in calories, with a good appearance and consumer acceptability.

    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
  7. Fulltext Validity and acceptability of image-based food record in assessing nutrient intake among selected Malaysian undergraduates
    Kai Sze Chan, Yit Siew Chin
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(106):69-76.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Recognising the limitations of present dietary assessments method, recent attention had been drawn to image-based food record (IBFR) to assess dietary intake of the population. Thus, the present study aimed to compare nutrient intake assessed using IBFR with 24-hour diet recall (24DR) among nutrition and dietetics student. Method: There were 46 nutrition and dietetic undergraduates participated in the study, and information on the socio-demo- graphic background and acceptability toward IBFR were obtained. Respondents were trained to complete one-day IBFR, and they were interviewed by researchers on the following day for their 24DR. Result: The mean age of respon- dents was 21.4±1.7 years old. The present study revealed that there were significantly higher protein and beta-caro- tene, but lower vitamin C reported by IBFR compared to 24DR. Medium to strong correlations were found between IBFR and 24DR for energy and nutrients intakes. The Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated a good level of agreement between IBFR and 24DR for energy and macronutrients (carbohydrates, protein and fat), respectively. The mean differences between IBFR and 24DR were -36 kcal for total daily energy intake, while mean differences of -12.24g, 0.79g, and 1.52g were reported for carbohydrates protein, and fat, respectively. Moderate level of agreement toward acceptability was demonstrated, and most of them (67.4%) preferred IBFR method. Conclusion: The present study re- vealed that IBFR showed a good level of agreement with 24DR in assessing nutrient intake. However, more extensive works should be considered to improve IBFR in assessing the energy and nutrients intake for the general population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
  8. Fulltext Predictive Equations for the Estimation of Basal Metabolic Rate in Malaysian adults.
    Malays J Nutr, 1998;4(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    In the field of human energy expenditure, the measurement of basal metabolic rate (BMR) is an essential element to derive energy requirement estimates for any given population. Besides basic anthropometrics data, this paper reports the generation of predictive equation for basal metabolic rates of healthy Malaysian adult from prospective measurements on 307 male and 349 females aged 18-60 years, using the Douglas bag technique. These new equations based on body-weight reveal that the current FAO/WHO/UNU (1985) predictive equations overestimate BMR of adult Malaysian by an average of 13% in males and 9% in female subjects while differences of between 4-5% were observed when compared to Henry & Rees (1991) equations for tropical people. There is a good reason to believe that the capacity to slow down metabolism amidst the hot and humid climate experience throughout the year as a genuine phenomenon for Malaysians. Similarly, these findings suggest that at equal energy intake recommendation for similar body weight, the lower energy needs of Malaysian could put them at greater risk for developing obesity. These observed deviations must be taken into account in formulating energy requirements of the population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
  9. Fulltext Nutritional Status of the Commonwealth Games 1998 Elite Netball Players During Centralised Training
    Malays J Nutr, 1999;5(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    This study was carried out to determine the nutritional status of 16 elite netball players of the Commonwealth Games 1998, during centralised training at Bukit Jalil. The mean age of the subjects was 21.1 ± 3.1 year. The physical characteristics were assessed through antropometric measurements. The dietary intake was estimated as a mean of 3-days weighed food record while the physical activity pattern was determined by time and motion study which was carried out simultaneously. A biochemical analysis test was carried out to evaluate the haemoglobin status of the athletes. The results indicated that the mean body weight and height were 62.5 ± 7.9 kg and 1.69 ± 0.06 meter, respectively. The percentage average body fat of the subjects was 23.7 ± 2.8. Mean energy intake was recorded as 2726 ± 507 kcal/day while energy expenditure was 3225 ± 409 kcal/d with a negative energy balance of 499 kcal. The contribution of calories from carbohydrate, protein and fat were 59%, 16% and 26%, respectively. Intake of most micronutrients was sufficient and met the Malaysian RDA. The percentage average of the daily physical activity pattern revealed that 74% was spent for light activities, 12% for moderate while 14% for heavy activities. 94% of the athletes took supplements which vitamin C was the most popular (64%).
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
  10. Fulltext Sensitivity, specificity, predictive value and inter-rater reliability of malnutrition screening tools in hospitalised adult patients
    Nor Azian, M.Z., Suzana, S., Romzi, M.A.
    Malays J Nutr, 2014;20(2):209-219.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Nutrition screening is recommended as a first step of nutrition care to allow early identification and intervention of malnourished patients. The present study determined the validities and reliabilities of two malnutrition screening tools namely, the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) and Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) among adult patients at the Hospital Kuala Lumpur. Methods: The sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of MUST and MST were conducted against the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), anthropometric parameters including body mass index (BMI), calf circumference (CC), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and energy intake. Inter-rater reliability was evaluated using kappa value (κ) to determine the level of agreement between raters. Results: A total of 151 subjects with mean age of 45.2 ± 13.7 years participated in this study. Prevalence of malnutrition according to MUST, MST and SGA was 34.4%, 33.8% and 19.9%, respectively. As compared to SGA, MUST and MST had a sensitivity of 96.6% and 93.3% respectively, whereas the specificity was 80.9% for both tools. The sensitivity and specificity of MUST against the anthropometric parameters (BMI, CC and MUAC) were between 53.8% to 88.8% and 67.4% to 69.9%, respectively. The sensitivity values for MST were between 46.1% to 63.6% and specificity values were between 64.4% to 67.6%. The inter-rater reliability of MUST was higher (substantial, mean (κ) = 0.78) than for MST (moderate, mean (κ) = 0.52). Conclusions: In conclusion, MUST was found to have similar validity levels but higher reliability result than MST. Based on our result, MUST is recommended for use in identifying adult patients who are at high risk of malnutrition. It can be used as a malnutrition screening tool but there is a need to evaluate the cost effectiveness of its implementation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
  11. Fulltext Association between home environment, dietary practice, and physical activity among primary school children in Selangor, Malaysia
    Woon, F.C., Chin, Y.S., Kaartina, S., Fara Wahida, R., Hiew, C.C., Mohd Nasir, M.T.
    Malays J Nutr, 2014;20(1):1-14.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The home environment plays an influential role in affecting dietary and physical activity practices of children. This study aimed to determine the association between the home environment, dietary practice and physical activity among primary school children in Selangor. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in five primary schools selected using multistage stratified sampling. A total of 293 children (32.8% males and 67.2% females) (mean age of 11.0±0.9 years) and their parents (10.7% fathers and 89.3% mothers) completed the study. Dietary practice of the children was assessed using a two-day dietary recall. Energy expenditure and physical activity of the children were assessed using a two-day physical activity recall. Parents of the children completed the Home Environment Survey (HES). Results: The mean energy intake of the children was 1765±416 kcal/day with 75.0% not achieving the Malaysian Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) for energy. Almost all children (96.5%) were physically inactive, with a mean energy expenditure of 1269±342 kcal/day. High availability of fruit/vegetable at home was associated with high vegetable intake (r=0.128, p
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
  12. Fulltext Food Intake Assessment of Adults in Rural and Urban Areas from Four Selected Regions in Malaysia
    Malays J Nutr, 1997;3(2):-.
    MyJurnal
    An assessment of the daily intake of major nutrients among 409 adults (males and females aged between 18-60 years, normal body mass index) residing in four regions in Malaysia was carried out as part of a major study on energy requirement. Subjects from both urban and rural areas completed a 3-day food record during the study. Mean energy intake among the men and women were 9.05 ± 2.21 MJ/day (2163 kcal/day) and 7.19 ± 1.60 MJ/day (1718 kcal/day) respectively, corresponding to 90% of the Malaysian RDA. A mean of 14% of the total energy was derived from protein, 23% from fat and 63% from carbohydrate. Energy intake amongst male subjects in the rural area (8.47 MJ/day, 2024 kcal) was significantly lower than their urban counterparts (9.52 MJ/day, 2275 kcal). There was no difference in mean energy intake in both the urban (7. 19 MJ/day, 1718 kcal) as well as rural women (7.16 MJ/day, 1711 kcal) corresponding to 86% of the RDA. The distribution of nutrients to the total energy intake amongst rural subjects were 13% for protein in both males and females, 65% for carbohydrate in males and 66% in females and 19% for fat in males and 21% for females. In the urban male and female subjects, the distribution of protein, carbohydrate and fat to the total energy intake were 14%, 55% and 29% and 30% respectively. The rural subjects showed a poorer mean intake of vitamins and minerals compared to the urban subjects. The diets of the male subjects in the rural area were deficient, less than two-third RDA in calcium, riboflavin and niacin. Calcium and iron intakes were less than two-third RDA in both the rural as well as the urban women. The rural women also had a poor intake of vitamin A and niacin. Overall, only protein and vitamin C intake met the RDA in most subjects from rural and urban areas.
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
  13. Fulltext Proceedings of the NSM update series: sugar substitutes-understanding the basics, global regulatory approvals, safety assessment protocols and benefits
    Yashna Harjani, Siong Tee, E., Garcia, Jimena
    Malays J Nutr, 2016;22(1):91-102.
    MyJurnal
    A seminar titled "Sugar Substitutes: Understanding the Basics, Global Regulatory Approvals, Safety Assessment Protocols and Benefits" organised by the Nutrition Society of Malaysia was held on 1.5th Apri12015 for nutritionists and other health care professionals, to review and discuss the latest evidence on safety and efficacy of sugar substitutes. Highlights from lectures by local and international speakers about this topical subject are presented in this report. Sugar substitutes have been extensively evaluated for decades and regulatory agencies world-wide continue to review and confirm their safety. Furthermore, the effects of sugar substitutes on human health continue to be the subject of research studies. Many studies have shown that replacement of sugar with sugar substitutes may help in weight management, glucose control for people with diabetes, and in the prevention of tooth decay. It is important for health professionals to discern whether the available evidence is based on good science and adequate protocols in order to guide consumers with the responsible use of sugar substitutes following national and international dietary guidelines. The use of sugar substitutes for certain health outcomes was discussed, specifically in regard to appetite, energy balance, body weight and other cardio-metabolic risk factors. Overall, the seminar provided an understanding of the different types of commercially available sugar substitutes, their use in a range of food and beverages, and calorie contribution to the diet. The seminar also covered the approvals of different sugar substitutes and the protocols for assessing the safety of these sugar substitutes, especially in the case of children and pregnant women.
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
  14. Fulltext Food availability and the rising obesity prevalence in Malaysia
    Khor, Geok-Lin
    International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2012;6(10):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    It is estimated that more than 1.1 billion adults and 115 million children worldwide are overweight. In Malaysia, the second and third National Health and Morbidity Surveys in 1996 and 2006 respectively reported a three-fold increase in obesity prevalence among adults, surging from 4.4% to 14% over the 10-year period. Evidence of rising childhood obesity has also emerged. The aim of this article is to gather evidence from food availability data for an insight into population shifts in dietary patterns that may help explain the rising obesity in this country. The nutrition transition was delineated in conjunction with the epidemiologic transition in order to explain the convergence of dietary practices, and the high prevalence of obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases worldwide. The Food Balance Sheets for Malaysia from 1967 to 2007 were used to provide estimates and trends for the availability of foods and calories. Evidence is generated that indicate at least two major upward shifts in the dietary patterns in Malaysia in the past 4 decades.
    These shifts have led to the rising availability of calories from animal products, and from sugar and sweeteners. These major dietary shifts, together with increased sedentariness, constitute core public health challenges faced in addressing the country’s obesity and noncommunicable diseases (NCD) conundrum.
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
  15. Fulltext A mathematical model of healthy diet menu plan for MARA Junior Science College boarding schools
    Nurly Diana Jalil, Maslin Masrom, Wan Normeza Wan Zakaria
    Journal of Advanced Research Design, 2017;33(1):8-14.
    MyJurnal
    Adolescents need more attention on eating habits as they go through a critical path
    period of physical, physiological and psychological changes from children to adult.
    Therefore, planning a proper healthy diet menu is important to adolescents to have
    the sufficient nutrients for proper growth. However, manually plan healthy diet menu
    is complicated, inefficient and time-consuming. The purpose of this study is to develop
    a mathematical model of healthy diet menu plan that minimizes the daily fat intake
    and meets the necessary nutrient intake for adolescents aged 13 between 17 years old
    within the budget provided by Majlis Amanah Rakyat (MARA) for Malaysia adolescent
    in MARA Junior Science College (MJSC) boarding schools. Optimization approach and
    binary integer programming method were used to address the diet problem in this
    study. The finding of the study indicates that the developed mathematical model of
    healthy diet menu plan for MJSC can generate menu plan that minimizes the total fat
    intake at minimum level of requirement per day. This menu plan can be used as a
    guideline for the management of the boarding schools to provide healthy diet meals
    for their students.
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
  16. Fulltext Dietary Patterns and Health Outcomes among African American Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
    Tallman DA, Latifi E, Kaur D, Sulaheen A, Ikizler TA, Chinna K, et al.
    Nutrients, 2020 Mar 18;12(3).
    PMID: 32197373 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030797
    The association between dietary patterns and health outcomes, such as quality of life (QOL), in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients with certain racial backgrounds has not been studied in detail. QOL is a powerful outcome measure in which dietary patterns could be a modifying factor. This study is a secondary analysis examining the association between dietary patterns and health outcomes in 101 African American (AA) maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients participating in the Palm Tocotrienols in Chronic Hemodialysis (PATCH) study. Quality of life (QOL) was assessed using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36-item survey (KDQOL-36™). Blood samples were analyzed for lipids, lipoprotein subfractions, and inflammatory markers. Food intake was measured using six non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls over 15 months. Implausible energy intake reports were screened out by comparing reported energy intake (rEI) with predicted total energy expenditure (pTEE). Cluster analysis, using the k-means algorithm, identified two distinct dietary patterns in the study population: a high "sugar sweetened beverage" pattern (hiSSB) and a low "sugar sweetened beverage pattern" (loSSB). In the hiSSB group, consumption of SSB accounted for ~28% of energy intake, while SSB represented only 9% of energy intake in the loSSB group. The hiSSB group was characterized by a higher intake of total calories, sugar and percentage of kilocalories from carbohydrates, whereas the percentage of kilocalories from protein and fat was lower. While additional micronutrient intakes differed between groups (vitamin C, zinc, chromium), these were significantly lower than recommended values in the entire cohort. Patients in the hiSSB group presented with lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), lower large HDL particles and smaller low density lipoprotein (LDL) particle diameters. Antidepressant usage was significantly higher in the hiSSB group. Patients in the hiSSB group scored lower across all five KDQOL domains and scored significantly lower in the mental composite domain. MHD patients following a hiSSB dietary pattern had smaller dense LDL particles, lower HDL-C, and a lower QOL. Suboptimal intakes of fruits, vegetables, and grains as well as key micronutrients were evident in both patterns.
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
  17. Fulltext Energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate intakes of underweight, normal weight and obese government office workers in an urban area
    Arshad F, Nor IM, Ali RM, Hamzah F
    Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 1996 Jun;5(2):88-91.
    PMID: 24394516
    Diet is one of the major factors contributing to the development of obesity, apart from heredity and energy balance. The objective of this cross-sectional study is to assess energy, carbohydrate, protein and fat intakes in relation to bodyweight status among government office workers in Kuala Lumpur. A total of 185 Malay men and 196 Malay women aged 18 and above were randomly selected as the study sample. Height and weight were taken to determine body mass index (BMI). The dietary profile was obtained by using 24-hour dietary recalls and food frequency methods. This was analysed to determine average nutrient intake per day. Other information was ascertained from tested and coded questionnaires. The subjects were categorised into three groups of bodyweight status namely underweight (BMI < 20 kg/m2), normal weight (BMI 20-25 kg/m2) and obese (BMI > 25 kg/m2). The prevalence of obesity was 37.8%. The study showed that the mean energy intake of the respondents was 1709 ± 637 kcal/day. The energy composition comprised of 55.7 ± 7.6% carbohydrates, 29.7 ± 21.7 % fat and 15.6 ± 3.8% protein. There was no significant difference in diet composition among the three groups. The findings indicate that normal weight and overweight individuals had a lower intake of calories and carbohydrates than the underweight individuals (p<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in fat intakes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
  18. Fulltext Trends and dietary implications of some chronic non-communicable diseases in peninsular Malaysia
    Khor GL, Gan CY
    Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 1992 Sep;1(3):159-68.
    PMID: 24323170
    Non-communicable diseases with dietary implications, ischaemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus and cancers of the breast and colon are discussed in relation to their prevalence and mortality rates in peninsular Malaysia during the past few decades. The mortality rate due to diseases of the circulatory system has more than doubled since 1970, deaths due to ischaemic heart disease being the major cause. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus has risen from 0.65% in 1960 to about 4% currently. The mortality risk for both ischaemic heart disease and diabetes is highest in the Indian compared to Malay and Chinese populations. The Chinese show the highest mortality rate for cancers of the breast and colon. This could reflect, partly, because more people especially in the urban areas are seeking treatment and improved diagnosis. Empirical dietary data indicate an increase in the prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia among urban adults and overweight among urban and rural adults. Aggregate data from food balance sheets indicate increased availability of energy intake from fats and oils, sugar, and animal products, with concomitant decline in available energy from plant products. Continued public health education on the important linkage between diet and disease is called for.
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
  19. Recommended Nutrient Intake Levels for Preterm Infants
    Koletzko B, Wieczorek S, Cheah FC, Domellöf M, van Goudoever JB, Poindexter BB, et al.
    World Rev Nutr Diet, 2021;122:191-197.
    PMID: 34352778 DOI: 10.1159/000514772
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
  20. The effect of 10 days of intermittent fasting on Wingate anaerobic power and prolonged high-intensity time-to-exhaustion cycling performance
    Naharudin MNB, Yusof A
    Eur J Sport Sci, 2018 Jun;18(5):667-676.
    PMID: 29485326 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1438520
    Many physically active individuals have undertaken intermittent fasting to reduce their daily caloric intake. However, abstaining from meals for a specific length of time may lead to the acute disturbance of highly carbohydrate-dependent exercise performance. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of 10 days of intermittent fasting on high-intensity type exercises, Wingate anaerobic (WT) and prolonged high-intensity time-to-exhaustion (HIT) cycling test. Twenty participants were randomised into an intermittent fasting (FAS) and a control group (CON). One day after baseline data collection on Day-0 where participants consumed their recommended daily caloric intake (FAS = 2500 ± 143 kcal day-1; CON = 2492 ± 20 kcal day-1) served over a course of five meals, the FAS group consumed only four meals where 40% was restricted by the omission of lunch (FAS = 1500 ± 55 kcal day-1). This diet was then continued for 10 days. Data on exercise performance and other dependent variables were collected on Day-2, -4, -6, -8 and -10. A reduction in WT power in the FAS group was observed on Day-2 (821.74 ± 66.07 W) compared to Day-0 (847.63 ± 95.94 W) with a moderate effect size (p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Energy Intake
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