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Fulltext Karyotype pattern and maternal age distribution in down syndrome patients analyzed at Human Genome Centre, University Sains Malaysia, Kelantan

Siti Mariam I, Suhaida MA, Tarmizi AB, Norhasimah M, Nor Atifah MA, Kannan, T. P., et al.

Buletin Persatuan Genetik Malaysia, 2006;12(1):6-9.
MyJurnal

Down Syndrome (DS), is a complex genetic disease resulting from the presence of 3 copies of chromosome 21. It is the most common autosomal abnormality among live births and the most commonly recognized genetic cause of mental retardation. The only well established risk factor for DS is advanced maternal age. The Human Genome Center , University Sains Malaysia, Kelantan has been carrying out cytogenetic studies in DS patients. Here we, report the karyotype pattern of Down Syndrome patients in correlation with maternal age, among referral cases to our Center.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age
Live birth rates are satisfactory following multiple IVF treatment cycles in poor prognosis patients

Mustafa KB, Keane KN, Walz NL, Mitrovic KI, Hinchliffe PM, Yovich JL

Reprod Biol, 2017 Mar;17(1):34-41.
PMID: 27964842 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2016.11.004

This seven-year retrospective study analysed the live birth rate (LBR) for women undergoing IVF treatment with various antral follicle counts (AFC). The LBR decreased with lower AFC ratings, and in 290 treatment cycles for women in the poorest AFC category, ≤4 follicles (group E), the LBR was the lowest at 10.7%. The pregnancy loss rate (PLR) significantly increased with poorer AFC categories, from 21.8% in AFC group A (≥20 follicles), to 54.4% in AFC group E (p<0.0001). This trend was repeated with advancing age, from 21.6% for younger women (<35years), to 32.9, 48.5 and 100% for ages 35-39, 40-44 and ≥45 years, respectively (p<0.0001). However, LBR within the specific AFC group E cohort was also age-dependent and decreased significantly from 30.0% for <35 years old, to 13.3, 3.9 and 0% for patients aged 35-39, 40-44 and ≥45 years, respectively. Most, importantly, LBR rates within these age groups were not dependent on the number of IVF attempts (1st, 2nd, 3rd or ≥4 cycles), which indicated that cycle number should not be the primary deciding factor for cessation of IVF treatment in responding women <45years old.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age
Fulltext Low Prevalence of Vitamin D Insufficiency among Nepalese Infants Despite High Prevalence of Vitamin D Insufficiency among Their Mothers

Haugen J, Ulak M, Chandyo RK, Henjum S, Thorne-Lyman AL, Ueland PM, et al.

Nutrients, 2016 Dec 21;8(12).
PMID: 28009810 DOI: 10.3390/nu8120825

BACKGROUND: Describing vitamin D status and its predictors in various populations is important in order to target public health measures.
OBJECTIVES: To describe the status and predictors of vitamin D status in healthy Nepalese mothers and infants.
METHODS: 500 randomly selected Nepalese mother and infant pairs were included in a cross-sectional study. Plasma 25(OH)D concentrations were measured by LC-MS/MS and multiple linear regression analyses were used to identify predictors of vitamin D status.
RESULTS: Among the infants, the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (25(OH)D <50 nmol/L) and deficiency (<30 nmol/L) were 3.6% and 0.6%, respectively, in contrast to 59.8% and 14.0% among their mothers. Infant 25(OH)D concentrations were negatively associated with infant age and positively associated with maternal vitamin D status and body mass index (BMI), explaining 22% of the variability in 25(OH)D concentration. Global solar radiation, maternal age and BMI predicted maternal 25(OH)D concentration, explaining 9.7% of its variability.
CONCLUSION: Age and maternal vitamin D status are the main predictors of vitamin D status in infants in Bhaktapur, Nepal, who have adequate vitamin D status despite poor vitamin D status in their mothers.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age
Fulltext Low birth weight incidence in Lundu, Sarawak

Yadav H

Med J Malaysia, 1994 Jun;49(2):164-8.
PMID: 8090096

The overall mean birth weight of the total deliveries (1986-1988) in Lundu Hospital was 2.96 kg. The mean birth weight for the male babies was 2.94 kg. The Chinese babies had a significantly higher mean birth weight (3.12 kg) than the other ethnic groups (p < 0.05). The overall incidence of low birth weight (LBW) in this study was 11.84 per cent. The Chinese again had a lower incidence of LBW of 6.73 per cent compared to Ibans who had the highest incidence of LBW, 13.59 per cent, with the Bidayuhs 12.97 per cent and Malays, 12.45 per cent. It was also noticed that of the 14.9 per cent preterm deliveries, 37.5 per cent were LBW. The very young mothers (15-19 years) and older mothers (> 40 years) seem to have a higher incidence of LBW. Mothers who had medical conditions like anaemia, hypertension, pre-eclampsia also had a higher incidence of LBW when compared to mothers who did not have a medical condition. Special emphasis should be given to mothers who have medical conditions, and to very young and very old mothers during antenatal care, to prevent incidence of LBW.
Comment in: Chia CP. Low birth weight babies. Med J Malaysia. 1995 Mar;50(1):120

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age
Low birthweight of live singletons in Singapore, 1967-1974

Hughes K, Tan NR, Lun KC

Int J Epidemiol, 1984 Dec;13(4):465-71.
PMID: 6519886

A random sample of 23 591 single livebirths was drawn from the Singapore Registry for 1967-1974, and information extracted from the birth certificates. The proportion of low birthweight infants (2500 g or less) fell markedly from 9.1% in 1967 to 5.7% in 1974, which has not been the finding in other studies. Variation in the proportions of low birthweight infants by sex, maternal age, parity, and social class, are broadly in agreement with other studies. Indians were found to have significantly smaller babies (mean weight of 3020 g) with a higher proportion of low birthweight ones (11.5%) than the Malays (3080 g and 8.1%) and the Chinese (3130 g and 6.1%). This is despite similar distributions of gestational age, and for term babies the differences in low birthweight proportions are highly significant with Chinese 5.0%, Malays 6.5%, and Indians 9.8%. The reasons for this are discussed with the implication that lower birthweights in Indians are to some extent of ethnic/genetic origin.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age
Maternal age-specific incidence of Down's syndrome in Malaysian neonates

Boo NY, Hoe TS, Lye MS, Poon PK, Mahani MC

J Singapore Paediatr Soc, 1989;31(3-4):138-42.
PMID: 2534718

Over an 18 month period, 34,495 livebirths were delivered in the Kuala Lumpur Maternity Hospital. 36 neonates (1.044 per 1000 livebirths) had Down's syndrome. The observed rates of Down's syndrome per 1000 livebirths by single year intervals of maternal age were calculated. By using the discontinuous slope model, our study showed that the incidence of Down's syndrome among the Malaysian liveborns increased markedly when the maternal age exceeded 35 years. This study also suggested that the Malay mothers had increased risk of producing babies with Down's syndrome at a later age than the Chinese and the Indians. However, a larger number of babies in each racial group needs to be studied to confirm this.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age*
Fulltext Maternal factors in predicting low birth weight babies

Yadav H, Lee N

Med J Malaysia, 2013;68(1):44-7.
PMID: 23466766 MyJurnal

This study examines the association between maternal factors and low birth weight among newborns at a tertiary hospital in Malaysia. This was a cross-sectional study where mothers were followed through from first booking till delivery. There were 666 mothers who delivered from May 2007 to March 2008. Infants' birth weight were compared with maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, fathers BMI, parity, ethnicity, per capita monthly income, and maternal blood pressure during pregnancy. A multiple logistic regressions was used to determine the relationship of maternal factors and low birth weight, while the ROC curve was constructed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the predictive model. Among the significant risk factors of low birth weight were older age (35 years and above), low pre-pregnancy BMI (<20 kg/m2), parity of 4 and above, Indian origin, economically under privileged, and low and high blood pressure. Blood pressure during pregnancy was an important risk factor for LBW, by using this parameter alone the risk of LBW could be predicted with a sensitivity rate of 70% and a specificity rate of 70%. The sensitivity and specificity was further improved to 80% and 75% percent respectively when other factors like maternal factors such as maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, ethnicity, and per capita monthly income were included in the analysis.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age
Menstrual characteristics associated with endometriosis

Arumugam K, Lim JM

Br J Obstet Gynaecol, 1997 Aug;104(8):948-50.
PMID: 9255089

This case-controlled study investigates whether the presence of menstrual characteristics, which may increase the exposure of the peritoneal cavity to retrograde menstruation, increases the risk of developing endometriosis. The menstrual characteristics considered were 1. age at menarche of less than 12 years, 2. duration of menstrual flow greater than five days and 3. menstrual cycle lengths of < 28 days. The frequency with which these menstrual characteristics occurred in 305 women with proven endometriosis was compared with their frequency in 305 age-matched women without endometriosis. Adjusting for the confounding factors of parity, age at first childbirth and social class, the only menstrual characteristic that was significantly associated with endometriosis was menstrual cycle lengths of less than 28 days (odds ratio 1.83; 95% confidence intervals 1.60-2.55). There was insufficient evidence to conclude that the presence of menstrual characteristics which may increase the exposure of the peritoneal cavity to retrograde menstruation, increase a women's risk of developing endometriosis. The association of short menstrual cycle lengths with endometriosis may have been consequential rather than causal.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age
Mode of delivery and outcomes in preterm births

Sangkomkamhang U, Pattanittum P, Laopaiboon M, Lumbiganon P

J Med Assoc Thai, 2011 Apr;94(4):415-20.
PMID: 21591525

To compare maternal and neonatal outcomes by mode of delivery in preterm births.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age
Neonatal morbidity and mortality in Peninsular Malaysia

Abdul Kader H

Malays J Reprod Health, 1983 Dec;1(2):139-52.
PMID: 12313335
Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age
Fulltext Newborn with Gastroschisis associated with Limb Anomalies

Win PP

J Neonatal Surg, 2017 01 01;6(1):8.
PMID: 28083494 DOI: 10.21699/jns.v6i1.443

Gastroschisis is often found together with other extra intestinal conditions such as limb, spine, cardiac, central nervous system and genitourinary abnormalities. There are reports of its association with young maternal age. The cases presented here highlight the association of gastroschisis with limbs anomalies and young maternal age.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age
Obstetric performance in the elderly Malaysian primigravida

Urquhart DR, Tai C

Asia Oceania J Obstet Gynaecol, 1991 Dec;17(4):321-5.
PMID: 1801677

The obstetric performance of 240 elderly primigravida delivering at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia between January 1987 and February 1990 was compared with a random group of 250 young primigravida delivering during the same time period. The incidence of impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes mellitus, preterm delivery, antepartum haemorrhage and malpresentation was all increased in the elderly primigravida group. The incidence of caesarean section in the older group was 40.4% compared with 6.8% in the younger (p less than 0.001). Recent studies suggest that the perinatal mortality in women who delay having their first baby until after the age of 35 is not significantly different from the rest of the obstetric population. However, in our own population of elderly primigravida, although not quite reaching statistical significance the perinatal mortality rate of 46 per 1,000 is three times that of primigravida aged 20-25. This may reflect our low induction rate (7.5%) and assisted vaginal delivery rate (8.3%) in those women in this high risk group who are allowed to labour. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age
Paternal age and common mental disorders

Krishnaswamy S, Subramaniam K, Indran H, Ramachandran P, Indran T, Indran R, et al.

World J. Biol. Psychiatry, 2009;10(4 Pt 2):518-23.
PMID: 19191074 DOI: 10.1080/15622970802653691

There is evidence in the literature that there are associations between advancing paternal age and psychosis or more specifically schizophrenia, but not enough to support a strong link between advancing paternal age and common mental disorders.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age
Fulltext Performance of elderly primigravidae in Kelantan

Achanna S, Monga D

Med J Malaysia, 1995 Mar;50(1):37-41.
PMID: 7752974

The obstetric performance of 59 elderly primigravidae delivering at the University Hospital, Kelantan, between January 1, 1987 and December 12, 1988 is compared with that of 60 young primigravidae delivering during the same time period. The total number of deliveries during this period was 16,284, and the predominant ethnic group was Malays. Apart from an increased incidence of preeclampsia (23.7% vs. 13.3%), breech presentation (6.78% vs. 3.33%) and Caesarean sections (74.6% vs. 10%) among the study group, there were no other statistically significant obstetric complications. Majority of Caesarean sections were done as emergency procedures, the principal indications being poor progress of labour and foetal distress. The neonatal outcome (in terms of birthweight, gestational age and breastfeeding at discharge) was similar in the two groups. For most women in both groups this was the first marriage, though a higher proportion in the study group had an interval of more than two years between marriage and childbirth.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age*
Persistent organic pollutants in human breast milk from Asian countries

Tanabe S, Kunisue T

Environ Pollut, 2007 Mar;146(2):400-13.
PMID: 16949712

In this paper, we concisely reviewed the contamination of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs), biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), chlordane compounds (CHLs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in human breast milk collected from Asian countries such as Japan, China, Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, India, Malaysia, and Indonesia during 1999-2003. Dioxins, PCBs, CHLs in Japanese, and DDTs in Vietnamese, Chinese, Cambodian, Malaysian, and HCHs in Chinese, Indian, and HCB in Chinese breast milk were predominant. In India, levels of dioxins and related compounds (DRCs) in the mothers living around the open dumping site were notably higher than those from the reference site and other Asian developing countries, indicating that significant pollution sources of DRCs are present in the dumping site of India and the residents there have been exposed to relatively higher levels of these contaminants possibly via bovine milk.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age
Predicting Down syndrome and neural tube defects using basic risk factors

Khattak MT, Supriyanto E, Aman MN, Al-Ashwal RH

Med Biol Eng Comput, 2019 Jul;57(7):1417-1424.
PMID: 30877513 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-019-01969-0

Congenital anomalies are not only one of the main killers for infants but also one of the major causes of deaths under 5. Among congenital anomalies, Down syndrome or trisomy 21 (T-21) and neural tube defects (NTDs) are considered the most common. Expectant mothers in developing countries may not have access to or may not afford the advanced prenatal screening tests. To solve this issue, this paper explores the practicality of using only the basic risk factors for developing prediction models as a tool for initial risk assessment. The prediction models are based on logistic regression. The results show that the prediction models do not have a high balanced classification rate. However, these models can still be used as an effective tool for initial risk assessment for T-21 and NTDs by eliminating at least 50% of the cases with no or low risk. Graphical Abstract Prenatal Risk Assessment of Trisomy-21 and Neural Tube Defects.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age
Fulltext Predictors of intrauterine insemination success

Zainul MR, Ong FB, Omar MH, Ng SP, Nurshaireen A, Rahimah MD, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Dec;61(5):599-607.
PMID: 17623962 MyJurnal

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) remains a therapeutic option within means of the majority of infertile couples in Malaysia. Therefore additional information on predictors of IUI success in the local context would provide a more concrete basis for counseling patients on expectations and treatment options. A retrospective analysis of 297 couples who underwent 445 IUI cycles from Jan 2005-Mar 2006 was undertaken. Four fifths were Malay with a mean paternal and maternal age of 35.53 +/- 5.82 (range 24-59) and 33.02 +/- 4.69 (range 21-46) years respectively. Causes of infertility were idiopathic (50%), endometriosis (17%) and anovulation/polycystic ovarian syndrome (15%). Almost 10% were oligoastenoteratozoospermic with another 23% oligozoospermic or astenozoospermic. Combined male and female factors occurred in 26%. A pregnancy rate (PR) of 9.4% per cycle; 14.1% per couple with a cumulative PR of 36.7% per 4 cycles was achieved. Those who became pregnant were significantly younger (31.29 +/- 4.43 vs. 33.21 +/- 4.68 years, p = 0.011) and had more follicles (13.95 +/- 9.72 vs. 11.43 +/- 6.67, p = 0.029) at the time of insemination. PR depreciated with maternal age and semen quality. Maternal and paternal age was inversely correlated to the number of follicles recruited (r = -0.30, p < 0.0005) and progressive sperm motility (r = -0.125, p = 0.013) respectively.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age*
Fulltext Prevalence of anaemia and low intake of dietary nutrients in pregnant women living in rural and urban areas in the Ashanti region of Ghana

Ayensu J, Annan R, Lutterodt H, Edusei A, Peng LS

PLoS One, 2020;15(1):e0226026.
PMID: 31978048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226026

BACKGROUND: Anaemia remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among women and children worldwide. Because deficiencies in essential micronutrients such as iron, folate and vitamin B12 prior to and during gestation increase a woman's risk of being anaemic, adequate dietary intake of such nutrients is vital during this important phase in life. However, information on the dietary micronutrient intakes of pregnant women in Ghana, particularly of those resident in rural areas is scanty. Thus, this study aimed to assess anaemia prevalence and dietary micronutrient intakes in pregnant women in urban and rural areas in Ghana.
METHODS: A comparative cross sectional study design involving 379 pregnant women was used to assess the prevalence of anaemia and low intake of dietary nutrients in pregnant women living in rural and urban areas in the Ashanti region of Ghana. Anaemia status and mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) were used as proxy for maternal nutritional status. Haemoglobin measurements were used to determine anaemia prevalence and the dietary diversity of the women were determined with a 24-hour dietary recall and a food frequency questionnaire.
RESULTS: Overall, anaemia was present in 56.5% of the study population. Anaemia prevalence was higher among rural residents than urban dwellers. Majority of the respondents had inadequate intakes of iron, zinc, folate, calcium and vitamin A. The mean dietary diversity score (DDS) of the study population from the first 24-hour recall was 3.81 ± 0.7. Of the 379 women, 28.8% met the minimum dietary diversity for women (MDD-W). The independent predictors of haemoglobin concentration were, gestational age, maternal age and dietary diversity score. Such that respondents with low DDS were more likely to be anaemic than those with high DDS (OR = 1.795, p = 0.022, 95% CI: 1.086 to 2.967).
CONCLUSIONS: A large percentage of pregnant women still have insufficient dietary intakes of essential nutrients required to support the nutritional demands during pregnancy. Particularly, pregnant women resident in rural areas require interventions such as nutrition education on the selection and preparation of diversified meals to mitigate the effects of undernutrition.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age
Fulltext Prevalence of exclusive breast feeding and its correlates in an urban slum in Western India

Patil Sapna S., Hasamnis Ameya A., Pathare Rooma S., Parmar Aarti, Rashid A.K., Narayan K.A.

International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2009;3(2):-.
MyJurnal

Background: The World Health Organization recommends the practice of exclusive breastfeeding of infants for the first 6 months after birth. The objective of present study was to estimate the prevalence and the factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding. The perceptions of mothers about breastfeeding in an urban slum area of Western India were also enquired.
Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted over six months amongst 200 mothers of children in the age group of 6 – 12 months attending the growth and development clinic in one of the urban health centres. Data was collected using a pre-tested, structured questionnaire on breastfeeding practices. Factors related to exclusive breastfeeding were analysed using bivariate and multivariate analysis.
Results: Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding reported by the participants was 61.5%. Having a male child, maternal age < 30 years, level of education of mother parity, receiving infant feeding advice, initiation of breastfeeding within one hour of birth and administration of colostrum to the baby were associated with exclusive breastfeeding (p

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age
Fulltext Recent birthweight distribution and trends in Kuala Lumpur

Chong YH, Hussein H

Med J Malaysia, 1982 Mar;37(1):40-5.
PMID: 7121345

The birthweights of 13,614 singleton infants comprising 5376 Malays, 5352 Chinese and 2886 Indians born at the Maternity Hospital Kuala Lumpur, during 1973, 1975 and 1977 have been extracted and analysed. Male Chinese infants (3.16 ± 0.37 kg) were significantly heavier than Malay and Indian infants while the male Malay infants (3.12 ± 0.41 kg) were significantly heavier than the Indian (2.97 ± 0.41 kg). Both female Chinese (3.04 ± 0.38 kg) and Malay infants (3.05 ± 0.38 kg) were heavier than the female Indian (2.89 ± 0.39 kg) but there was no difference in birthweight between Chinese and Malay female infants. The mean gestational period and the proportion of full-term births were similar for all 3 races with averages of 39.9 weeks and 77.8 percent respectively. Maternal age at first birth was also closely similar for the three communities with an average of 22.9 years. Significant correlations were found between birthweight and length of neonates, birthweight and gravida, birthweight and maternal age. Indians have a higher incidence of low birthweight or small-for-gestational age infants (14.5 percent) compared to the Chinese (5.6 percent) and the Malays (7.6 percent); the incidence of low birthweights being higher in girls than in boys. Present-day Malay and Indian full-term male and female infants are significantly heavier than their counterparts born at the same Hospital two decades ago, but no difference in birthweight was observed for Chinese infants during this time interval. The gap between the incidence of low birthweight found in Malaysia and those in the developed countries seems to be narrowing and this may be taken to reflect the overall effects of socioeconomic development, including the greater availability of general health and ante-natal care throughout the country since its Independence in 1957.

Matched MeSH terms: Maternal Age

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