Displaying publications 41 - 52 of 52 in total

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  1. Fulltext Cobalt Oxide Nanograins and Silver Nanoparticles Decorated Fibrous Polyaniline Nanocomposite as Battery-Type Electrode for High Performance Supercapattery
    Iqbal J, Numan A, Omaish Ansari M, Jafer R, Jagadish PR, Bashir S, et al.
    Polymers (Basel), 2020 Nov 27;12(12).
    PMID: 33261072 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122816
    In this study, silver (Ag) and cobalt oxide (Co3O4) decorated polyaniline (PANI) fibers were prepared by the combination of in-situ aniline oxidative polymerization and the hydrothermal methodology. The morphology of the prepared Ag/Co3O4@PANI ternary nanocomposite was studied by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, while the structural studies were carried out by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The morphological characterization revealed fibrous shaped PANI, coated with Ag and Co3O4 nanograins, while the structural studies revealed high purity, good crystallinity, and slight interactions among the constituents of the Ag/Co3O4@PANI ternary nanocomposite. The electrochemical performance studies revealed the enhanced performance of the Ag/Co3O4@PANI nanocomposite due to the synergistic/additional effect of Ag, Co3O4 and PANI compared to pure PANI and Co3O4@PANI. The addition of the Ag and Co3O4 provided an extended site for faradaic reactions leading to the high specific capacity. The Ag/Co3O4@PANI ternary nanocomposite exhibited an excellent specific capacity of 262.62 C g-1 at a scan rate of 3 mV s-1. The maximum energy and power density were found to be 14.01 Wh kg-1 and 165.00 W kg-1, respectively. The cyclic stability of supercapattery (Ag/Co3O4@PANI//activated carbon) consisting of a battery type electrode demonstrated a gradual increase in specific capacity with a continuous charge-discharge cycle until ~1000 cycles, then remained stable until 2500 cycles and later started decreasing, thereby showing the cyclic stability of 121.03% of its initial value after 3500 cycles.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photoelectron Spectroscopy
  2. Synthesis of enriched boron nitride nanocrystals: A potential element for biomedical applications
    Ahmad P, Khandaker MU, Muhammad N, Rehman F, Ullah Z, Khan G, et al.
    Appl Radiat Isot, 2020 Dec;166:109404.
    PMID: 32956924 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109404
    The shortcomings in Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and Hyperthermia for killing the tumor cell desired for the synthesis of a new kind of material suitable to be first used in BNCT and later on enable the conditions for Hyperthermia to destroy the tumor cell. The desire led to the synthesis of large band gap semiconductor nano-size Boron-10 enriched crystals of hexagonal boron nitride (10BNNCs). The contents of 10BNNCs are analyzed with the help of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and counter checked with Raman and XRD. The 10B-contents in 10BNNCs produce 7Li and 4He nuclei. A Part of the 7Li and 4He particles released in the cell is allowed to kill the tumor (via BNCT) whereas the rest produce electron-hole pairs in the semiconductor layer of 10BNNCs suggested to work in Hyperthermia with an externally applied field.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photoelectron Spectroscopy
  3. Fulltext Hydrothermally Assisted Synthesis of Porous Polyaniline@Carbon Nanotubes-Manganese Dioxide Ternary Composite for Potential Application in Supercapattery
    Iqbal J, Ansari MO, Numan A, Wageh S, Al-Ghamdi A, Alam MG, et al.
    Polymers (Basel), 2020 Dec 05;12(12).
    PMID: 33291451 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122918
    In this study, ternary composites of polyaniline (PANI) with manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanorods and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared by employing a hydrothermal methodology and in-situ oxidative polymerization of aniline. The morphological analysis by scanning electron microscopy showed that the MnO2 possessed nanorod like structures in its pristine form, while in the ternary PANI@CNT/MnO2 composite, coating of PANI over CNT/MnO2, rods/tubes were evidently seen. The structural analysis by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed peaks corresponding to MnO2, PANI and CNT, which suggested efficacy of the synthesis methodology. The electrochemical performance in contrast to individual components revealed the enhanced performance of PANI@CNT/MnO2 composite due to the synergistic/additional effect of PANI, CNT and MnO2 compared to pure MnO2, PANI and PANI@CNT. The PANI@CNT/MnO2 ternary composite exhibited an excellent specific capacity of 143.26 C g-1 at a scan rate of 3 mV s-1. The cyclic stability of the supercapattery (PANI@CNT/MnO2/activated carbon)-consisting of a battery type electrode-demonstrated a gradual increase in specific capacity with continuous charge-discharge over ~1000 cycles and showed a cyclic stability of 119% compared to its initial value after 3500 cycles.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photoelectron Spectroscopy
  4. Fulltext MXene Surface on Multiple Junction Triangles for Determining Osteosarcoma Cancer Biomarker by Dielectrode Microgap Sensor
    Zhou D, Gopinath SCB, Mohamed Saheed MS, Siva Sangu S, Lakshmipriya T
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2020;15:10171-10181.
    PMID: 33363373 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S284752
    Background: In recent years, nanomaterials have justified their dissemination for biosensor application towards the sensitive and selective detections of clinical biomarkers at the lower levels. MXene is a two-dimensional layered transition metal, attractive for biosensing due to its chemical, physical and electrical properties along with the biocompatibility.

    Materials and Methods: This work was focused on diagnosing osteosarcoma (OS), a common bone cancer, on MXene-modified multiple junction triangles by dielectrode sensing. Survivin protein gene is highly correlated with OS, identified on this sensing surface. Capture DNA was immobilized on MXene by using 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane as an amine linker and duplexed by the target DNA sequence.

    Results: The limitation and sensitivity of detection were found as 1 fM with the acceptable regression co-efficient value (y=1.0037⨰ + 0.525; R2=0.978) and the current enhancement was noted when increasing the target DNA concentrations. Moreover, the control sequences of single- and triple-mismatched and noncomplementary to the target DNA sequences failed to hybridize on the capture DNA, confirming the specificity. In addition, different batches were prepared with capture probe immobilized sensing surfaces and proved the efficient reproducibility.

    Conclusion: This microgap device with Mxene-modified multiple junction triangles dielectrode surface is beneficial to quantify the survivin gene at its lower level and diagnosing OS complication levels.

    Matched MeSH terms: Photoelectron Spectroscopy
  5. The Effect of H2S Pressure on the Formation of Multiple Corrosion Products on 316L Stainless Steel Surface
    Shah M, Ayob MTM, Rosdan R, Yaakob N, Embong Z, Othman NK
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2020;2020:3989563.
    PMID: 32774180 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3989563
    H2S gas when exposed to metal can be responsible for both general and localized corrosion, which depend on several parameters such as H2S concentration and the corrosion product layer formed. Therefore, the formation of passive film on 316L steel when exposed to H2S environment was investigated using several analysis methods such as FESEM and STEM/EDS analyses, which identified a sulfur species underneath the porous structure of the passive film. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis demonstrated that the first layer of CrO3 and Cr2O3 was dissolved, accelerated by the presence of H2S-Cl-. An FeS2 layer was formed by incorporation of Fe and sulfide; then, passivation by Mo took place by forming a MoO2 layer. NiO, Ni(OH)2, and NiS barriers are formed as final protection for 316L steel. Therefore, Ni and Mo play an important role as a dual barrier to maintain the stability of 316L steel in high pH2S environments. For safety concern, this paper is aimed to point out a few challenges dealing with high partial pressure of H2S and limitation of 316L steel under highly sour condition for the oil and gas production system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photoelectron Spectroscopy
  6. Fulltext A Highly Sensitive Room Temperature CO2 Gas Sensor Based on SnO2-rGO Hybrid Composite
    Lee ZY, Hawari HFB, Djaswadi GWB, Kamarudin K
    Materials (Basel), 2021 Jan 22;14(3).
    PMID: 33498992 DOI: 10.3390/ma14030522
    A tin oxide (SnO2) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hybrid composite gas sensor for high-performance carbon dioxide (CO2) gas detection at room temperature was studied. Since it can be used independently from a heater, it emerges as a promising candidate for reducing the complexity of device circuitry, packaging size, and fabrication cost; furthermore, it favors integration into portable devices with a low energy density battery. In this study, SnO2-rGO was prepared via an in-situ chemical reduction route. Dedicated material characterization techniques including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were conducted. The gas sensor based on the synthesized hybrid composite was successfully tested over a wide range of carbon dioxide concentrations where it exhibited excellent response magnitudes, good linearity, and low detection limit. The synergistic effect can explain the obtained hybrid gas sensor's prominent sensing properties between SnO2 and rGO that provide excellent charge transport capability and an abundance of sensing sites.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photoelectron Spectroscopy
  7. Fulltext Phytogenic Synthesis of Pd-Ag/rGO Nanostructures Using Stevia Leaf Extract for Photocatalytic H2 Production and Antibacterial Studies
    Mallikarjuna K, Nasif O, Ali Alharbi S, Chinni SV, Reddy LV, Reddy MRV, et al.
    Biomolecules, 2021 01 29;11(2).
    PMID: 33572968 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020190
    Continuously increasing energy demand and growing concern about energy resources has attracted much research in the field of clean and sustainable energy sources. In this context, zero-emission fuels are required for energy production to reduce the usage of fossil fuel resources. Here, we present the synthesis of Pd-Ag-decorated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanostructures using a green chemical approach with stevia extract for hydrogen production and antibacterial studies under light irradiation. Moreover, bimetallic nanostructures are potentially lime lighted due to their synergetic effect in both scientific and technical aspects. Structural characteristics such as crystal structure and morphological features of the synthesized nanostructures were analyzed using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Analysis of elemental composition and oxidation states was carried out by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Optical characteristics of the biosynthesized nanostructures were obtained by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate possible functional groups that act as reducing and capping agents. The antimicrobial activity of the biosynthesized Pd-Ag-decorated rGO nanostructures was excellent, inactivating 96% of Escherichia coli cells during experiments over 150 min under visible light irradiation. Hence, these biosynthesized Pd-Ag-decorated rGO nanostructures can be utilized for alternative nanomaterial-based drug development in the future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photoelectron Spectroscopy
  8. Fulltext Highly Active Cellulose-Supported Poly(hydroxamic acid)-Cu(II) Complex for Ullmann Etherification
    Jian Fui C, Xin Ting T, Sarjadi MS, Amin Z, Sarkar SM, Musta B, et al.
    ACS Omega, 2021 Mar 16;6(10):6766-6779.
    PMID: 33748590 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05840
    Highly active natural pandanus-extracted cellulose-supported poly(hydroxamic acid)-Cu(II) complex 4 was synthesized. The surface of pandanus cellulose was modified through graft copolymerization using purified methyl acrylate as a monomer. Then, copolymer methyl acrylate was converted into a bidentate chelating ligand poly(hydroxamic acid) via a Loosen rearrangement in the presence of an aqueous solution of hydroxylamine. Finally, copper species were incorporated into poly(hydroxamic acid) via the adsorption process. Cu(II) complex 4 was fully characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. The cellulose-supported Cu(II) complex 4 was successfully applied (0.005 mol %) to the Ullmann etherification of aryl, benzyl halides, and phenacyl bromide with a number of aromatic phenols to provide the corresponding ethers with excellent yield [benzyl halide (70-99%); aryl halide (20-90%)]. Cu(II) complex 4 showed high stability and was easily recovered from the reaction mixture. It could be reused up to seven times without loss of its original catalytic activity. Therefore, Cu(II) complex 4 can be commercially utilized for the preparation of various ethers, and this synthetic technique could be a part in the synthesis of natural products and medicinal compounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photoelectron Spectroscopy
  9. Production and characterization of graphene from carbonaceous rice straw by cost-effect extraction
    Uda MNA, Gopinath SCB, Hashim U, Halim NH, Parmin NA, Uda MNA, et al.
    3 Biotech, 2021 May;11(5):205.
    PMID: 33868892 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02740-9
    This paper describes the synthesis of graphene-based activated carbon from carbonaceous rice straw fly ash in an electrical furnace and the subsequent potassium hydroxide extraction. The produced graphene has a proper morphological structure; flakes and a rough surface can be observed. The average size of the graphene was defined as up to 2000 nm and clarification was provided by high-resolution microscopes (FESEM and FETEM). Crystallinity was confirmed by surface area electron diffraction. The chemical bonding from the graphene was clearly observed, with -C=C- and O-H stretching at peaks of 1644 cm-1 and 3435 cm-1, respectively. Impurities in the graphene were found using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The measured size, according to zeta-potential analysis, was 8722.2 ± 25 nm, and the average polydispersity index was 0.576. The stability of the mass reduction was analyzed by a thermogravimetric at 100 °C, with a final reduction of ~ 11%.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photoelectron Spectroscopy
  10. Fulltext Ultrasound-assisted sequentially precipitated nickel-silica catalysts and its application in the partial hydrogenation of edible oil
    Lim MSW, Yang TC, Tiong TJ, Pan GT, Chong S, Yap YH
    Ultrason Sonochem, 2021 May;73:105490.
    PMID: 33609992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105490
    Sequentially precipitated Mg-promoted nickel-silica catalysts with ageing performed under various ultrasonic intensities were employed to study the catalyst performance in the partial hydrogenation of sunflower oil. Results from various characterisation studies showed that increasing ultrasonic intensity caused a higher degree of hydroxycarbonate erosion and suppressed the formation of Ni silicates and silica support, which improved Ni dispersion, BET surface area and catalyst reducibility. Growth of silica clusters on the catalyst aggregates were observed in the absence of ultrasonication, which explained the higher silica and nickel silicate content on the outer surface of the catalyst particle. Application of ultrasound also altered the electron density of the Ni species, which led to higher activity and enhanced product selectivity for sonicated catalysts. The catalyst synthesised with ultrasonic intensity of 20.78 Wcm-2 achieved 22.6% increase in hydrogenation activity, along with 28.5% decrease in trans-C18:1 yield at IV = 70, thus supporting the feasibility of such technique.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photoelectron Spectroscopy
  11. Fulltext Advanced Nanoscale Surface Characterization of CuO Nanoflowers for Significant Enhancement of Catalytic Properties
    Khan MA, Nayan N, Shadiullah, Ahmad MK, Fhong SC, Tahir M, et al.
    Molecules, 2021 May 04;26(9).
    PMID: 34064537 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092700
    In this work, advanced nanoscale surface characterization of CuO Nanoflowers synthesized by controlled hydrothermal approach for significant enhancement of catalytic properties has been investigated. The CuO nanoflower samples were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), selected-area electron diffraction (SAED), high-angular annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) with elemental mapping, energy dispersive spectroscopy (STEM-EDS) and UV-Vis spectroscopy techniques. The nanoscale analysis of the surface study of monodispersed individual CuO nanoflower confirmed the fine crystalline shaped morphology composed of ultrathin leaves, monoclinic structure and purified phase. The result of HR-TEM shows that the length of one ultrathin leaf of copper oxide nanoflower is about ~650-700 nm, base is about ~300.77 ± 30 nm and the average thickness of the tip of individual ultrathin leaf of copper oxide nanoflower is about ~10 ± 2 nm. Enhanced absorption of visible light ~850 nm and larger value of band gap energy (1.68 eV) have further supported that the as-grown material (CuO nanoflowers) is an active and well-designed surface morphology at the nanoscale level. Furthermore, significant enhancement of catalytic properties of copper oxide nanoflowers in the presence of H2O2 for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) with efficiency ~96.7% after 170 min was obtained. The results showed that the superb catalytic performance of well-fabricated CuO nanoflowers can open a new way for substantial applications of dye removal from wastewater and environment fields.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photoelectron Spectroscopy
  12. Production and characterization of silica nanoparticles from fly ash: conversion of agro-waste into resource
    Uda MNA, Gopinath SCB, Hashim U, Halim NH, Parmin NA, Afnan Uda MN, et al.
    Prep Biochem Biotechnol, 2021;51(1):86-95.
    PMID: 32713293 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1793174
    A chemical method to synthesize amorphous silica nanoparticles from the incinerated paddy straw has been introduced. The synthesis was conducted through the hydrolysis by alkaline-acidic treatments. As a result, silica particles produced with the sizes were ranging at 60-90 nm, determined by high-resolution microscopy. The crystallinity was confirmed by surface area electron diffraction. Apart from that, chemical and diffraction analyses for both rice straw ash and synthesized silica nanoparticles were conducted by X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The percentage of silica from the incinerated straw was calculated to be 28.3. The prominent surface chemical bonding on the generated silica nanoparticles was with Si-O-Si, stretch of Si-O and symmetric Si-O bonds at peaks of 1090, 471, and 780 cm-1, respectively. To confirm the impurities of the elements in the produced silica, were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The stability of silica nanoparticles was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis and zeta potential. The measured size from zeta potential analysis was 411.3-493 nm and the stability of mass reduction was located at 200 °C with final amount of mass reduced ∼88% and an average polydispersity Index was 0.195-0.224.
    Matched MeSH terms: Photoelectron Spectroscopy
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