MyMedR

The bacteriology of brain abscess: a local experience in Malaysia

Puthucheary SD, Parasakthi N

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1990 7 1;84(4):589-92.

PMID: 2091359

31 cases of intracranial abscess seen over a period of 10 years showed a peak incidence in the second and third decades of life with a male preponderance. Tetralogy of Fallot and other congenital cyanotic heart diseases were the predominant associated factors (32%). The commonest site of infection was the frontal lobe. Gram-stained smears of pus proved to be extremely useful. The majority of the organisms (82%) were either microaerophilic or anaerobic bacteria with Streptococcus milleri being the most frequent isolate. With the exception of Corynebacterium species, all isolates were susceptible to penicillin or chloramphenicol, most being susceptible to both.

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

Recent and prospective population trends in Malaysia

Jones GW, Tan PC

J Southeast Asian Stud, 1985 Sep;16(2):262-80.

PMID: 12267554

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

The incidence of canine haematozoa in Peninsular Malaysia

Rajamanickam C, Wiesenhutter E, Zin FM, Hamid J

Vet Parasitol, 1985 Jan;17(2):151-7.

PMID: 3922103

In 3 urban areas in Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia between 1973 and 1981, blood from 4084 dogs was examined for haematozoa. The following frequencies were found: Babesia gibsoni 17.7%; microfilariae of Dirofilaria immitis 9.6%; Hepatozoon canis 1.2%; B. canis 1.1%; Ehrlichia canis 0.2%; Trypanosoma evansi 0.1%. A detailed examination of B. gibsoni infections and microfilariasis due to D. immitis with regards to monthly distribution, breed frequency, sex and age, revealed that pedigree and non-pedigree dogs were equally susceptible to Babesia and microfilariae infections.

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

Leukaemia and lymphoma in Malaysia

Bosco J, Cherian R, Lin HP, Pang T

Leuk. Res., 1985;9(6):789-91.

PMID: 3874337

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

Prevalence of parasitic infections in Malaysian oil palm estate workers

Sinniah B, Sinniah D, Singh M, Poon GK

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1978 Jun;9(2):272-6.

PMID: 725660

A survey of workers and families resident in an oil palm estate in Malaysia revealed high incidence of parasitic infections. The commonest parasites are T. trichiura (56%), A. lumbricoides (52%), hookworm (28%), Entamoeba coli (11.3%) and Giardia lamblia (11.3%). Mixed infections by two or more parasites was seen in 46% of the subjects. Anaemia was present in 70% of children with hookworm infection. Eosinophilia was observed in 69% of subjects. One each of Hymenolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta infection was detected. This is the first report of Hymenolepis diminuta infection in man in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

Prevalence, age at diagnosis, clinical characteristics and treatment of diabetes in the young in Pahang, Malaysia

Lim TO

Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 1991 Jul;12(3):201-7.

PMID: 1889350 DOI: 10.1016/0168-8227(91)90078-R

The prevalence, age at diagnosis, clinical characteristics and treatment of young diabetics, younger than 40 years were determined on the basis of a cross-sectional study of medical records of 2 health districts in Pahang, Malaysia. There were only 20 insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM), prevalence 0.07 per 1000 inhabitants. There were 84 non-insulin-dependent diabetics (NIDDM), prevalence 0.3 per 1000 inhabitants. Three of the NIDDM patients could have malnutrition-related diabetes. Many NIDDM patients were asymptomatic which is an important reason why many of them remain undetected in the community. Seventy-four percent of the patients below the age of 30 years at diagnosis had NIDDM, 56% of the patients below the age of 20 years at diagnosis also had NIDDM and 54% of the NIDDM patients had a strong family history of diabetes. Many NIDDM patients were misdiagnosed as IDDM, especially if they were underweight, leading to considerable overuse of insulin. This study confirms that IDDM is rare in Malaysia, as in other Asian countries. Most young diabetics have NIDDM and have a strong family history. This pattern of diabetes in the young is unlike that seen in the West.

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

Antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum in an indigenous population from a malaria endemic area of Malaysia

Archibald CP, Mak JW, Mathias RG, Selvajothi S

Acta Trop, 1990 Dec;48(2):149-57.

PMID: 1980570

Indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) tests and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to measure antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum in an indigenous population in an area of Malaysia with high malaria prevalence. The results of three surveys were analyzed to examine the relation of these serologic measures with age, parasite rate, and spleen size. For children 0-4 years old, increasing spleen size was associated with an increasing likelihood of malaria parasitemia, while for 5-9 year olds the two variables were unrelated. Parasite rate declined with age and ELISA titre increased with age in all surveys; IFA titre was consistently high and did not vary with age. Neither antibody measure was significantly correlated with either the presence or the actual density of parasitemia. These antibody measures are most useful as adjuncts to the more traditional techniques of malaria assessment.

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

Prevalence of intestinal helminths among patients admitted to the Balik Pulau district hospital on Penang island

Khan SM, Anuar AK

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1977 Jun;8(2):260-4.

PMID: 918716

Faecal samples from patients admitted to the District Hospital in Balik, Pulau, Penang revealed high infection rates for Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworms. The prevalence rates were Trichuris trichiura 51.7%, Ascaris lumbricoides 31.9% and hookworm 37.2%. The overall highest infection is among the Malays (79%), the least being among the Chinese (61.1%). The prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides was highest in the 11-20 age group. The prevalence of Trichura was highest in the 51-60 age group, Ascaris and Trichuris infections is higher among the males but hookworm infection is higher among the females. 72.6% of the patients were infected with at least one type of helminth and 32.9% of the patients were infected with at least 2 types of helminths.

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

Nutritional status in a rural estate community

Kandiah N, Boo LJ

Med J Malaysia, 1977 Jun;31(4):270-6.

PMID: 412038

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

Bullous diseases: a 7-year survey of experience with 77 patients

Adam BA

Ann Acad Med Singap, 1983 Jan;12(1):19-25.

PMID: 6344741

A prospective study of 77 consecutive patients with bullous diseases was done to study the pattern and natural history. Pemphigus was the commonest with 45 patients (59%) followed by pemphigoid with 21 patients (27%). Pemphigoid was more common in Indians than in other ethnic groups and its age of onset was a decade later than pemphigus. Unusual immunofluorescent findings in both diseases are discussed. Six of the 7 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis had linear IgA in the dermo-epidermal junction and the classical papillary IgA deposits were absent. Ultrastructural findings of pemphigoid and dermatitis herpetiformis confirmed earlier reports. Chronic bullous dermatoses of childhood was seen in 4 patients, all of whom had total remission within one year of onset disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

Determinants of neonatal outcome in a Malaysian maternity hospital, 1980-1981

Abdul Kader H

Malays J Reprod Health, 1983 Jan;1(1):11-8.

PMID: 12279886

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

The biological properties of venoms from juvenile and adult taipan (Oxyuranus scutellatus) snakes

Tan NH, Armugam A, Mirtschin PJ

Comp. Biochem. Physiol., B, 1992 Nov;103(3):585-8.

PMID: 1458834

1. The biological properties of four venom pooled samples from adult taipan (Oxyuranus scutellatus) snakes and one pooled venom sample from six juvenile taipan snakes (11 months old) were compared. 2. The intravenous LD50 (median lethal dose), procoagulant activity and enzymatic activities of the juvenile venom were not significantly different from those of the adult venoms. 3. The juvenile and adult venoms exhibited similar polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic (PAGE) and SDS-PAGE patterns, indicating that they possessed a similar protein composition. 4. The results suggest that there is no significant age-dependency in the biological properties of taipan venom.

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

The effect of repeated chemotherapy on age-related predisposition to Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura

Chan L, Kan SP, Bundy DA

Parasitology, 1992 Apr;104 ( Pt 2):371-7.

PMID: 1594301

This study examines the persistence of predisposition to Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura during repeated chemotherapy in an urban community in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Significant predisposition was observed over 2 periods of reinfection with and without age-standardization of data. Analysis of different age groups indicated that predisposition was most strongly detectable in the younger age classes. The intensities of infection with both parasites were strongly correlated at each cycle of intervention, suggesting that individuals were similarly predisposed to both species.

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

Migration of women to cities: the Asian situation in comparative perspective

Khoo SE, Smith PC, Fawcett JT

Int Migr Rev, 1984;18(4 Special Issue):1247-63.

PMID: 12340237

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

New admissions to Woodbridge Hospital 1975 with special reference to schizophrenia

Tsoi WF, Chen AJ

Ann Acad Med Singap, 1979 Jul;8(3):275-9.

PMID: 547870

Woodbrige Hospital had 2,257 patients in 1975. Of these 75 percent were suffering from Schizophrenia. This pattern was similar to that of developing countries like Padistan and Malaya. A study was carried out on all new admissions in 1975. There were 1,068 patients whose age ranged from 10 to 89. Schizophrenia which constituted 62% of the cases was analysed in detail. They were mainly in the age range 10-29 (64%). The sex ratio was 3 males to 2 females. Their distribution by their type of housing was similar to that of the general populations. They were better educated. The most common presentation were reports of aggressive, violent, disturbed, abnormal or withdrawn behaviour. The 10 most common symptoms were paranoid ideas, hearing of voices, talking to oneself, insomnia, aggression, abnormal behaviour, laughing to oneself, disturbed behaviour, crying to oneself and withdrawn behaviour. The most common drugs used were trifluoperazine (47%) and chlorpromazine (45%). Electroconvulsive therapy was given to 25% of the patients. Most of the patients (63%) stayed less than 20 days.

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

Breast-feeding in some developing countries

Ahmad M

Egypt Popul Fam Plann Rev, 1979;13(1-2):168-86.

PMID: 12312263

PIP: Responses to questions relating to breastfeeding in the World Fertility Surveys of South Korea, Indonesia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Bangladesh are analyzed. Of these countries, the percentage of ever-married women who had breastfed in the last closed interval was between 94-99%, except for Malaysia (81%) and average number of months breastfeeding took place was from 16.5-19.2, except for Malaysia (7.3). The infant mortality rate in these countries was 33/1000 live births for South Korea, 45/1000 for Malaysia, 51/1000 for Sri Lanka, 137/1000 for Indonesia, 150/1000 for Bangladesh, and 152/1000 for Nepal. Responses, however, might vary according to different interview situations. Assuming that the reporting errors are of similar magnitude and direction, the relationship between duration of breastfeeding and the birth interval can be studied. But it is possible that breastfeeding was prolonged due to other reasons for which conception was delayed; thus the regression of breastfeeding duration on the birth interval is not as logical as the regression of the birth interval on the breastfeeding is, especially when habitual breastfeeding can be avoided. The negative relationship between breastfeeding and infant mortality does exist, assuming that a woman breastfeeds all her children for similar durations. Some breastfeeding differentials are place of residence (less for rural areas), education (reduces duration), and religion (Christians have shorter duration than Muslims, Hindus, or Buddhists). In South Korea the mean length of breastfeeding of women aged 25-34 and 35-44 are 17.5 and 20.5, and women using contraceptives are 26% for 25-34 and 20% for 35-44. South Korea also has the highest level of breastfeeding, highest incidence of ever use of contraceptives, and a very low level of fertility. Nepal and Bangladesh have a high level of breastfeeding but since their contraceptive incidence is low, their fertility level remains high. Some areas of further research include influence of breastfeeding on infant and child mortality.

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

Fulltext Influence of hip and knee osteoarthritis on dynamic postural control parameters among older fallers

Mat S, Ng CT, Tan MP

J Rehabil Med, 2017 Mar 06;49(3):258-263.

PMID: 28218341 DOI: 10.2340/16501977-2202

OBJECTIVE: To compare the relationship between postural control and knee and hip osteoarthritis in older adults with and without a history of falls.
METHODS: Fallers were those with ≥ 2 falls or 1 injurious fall over 12 months. Non-fallers were volunteers with no falls in the past year. Radiological evidence of osteoarthritis with no reported symptoms was considered "asymptomatic osteoarthritis", while "symptomatic osteoarthritis" was defined as radiographic osteoarthritis with pain or stiffness. Dynamic postural control was quantified with the limits of stability test measured on a balance platform (Neurocom® Balancemaster, California, USA). Parameters assessed were end-point excursion, maximal excursion, and directional control.
RESULTS: A total of 102 older individuals, mean age 73 years (standard deviation 5.7) years were included. The association between falls and poor performance in maximal excursion and directional control was confounded by age and comorbidities. In the same linear equation model with falls, symptomatic osteoarthritis remained independently associated with poor end-point excursion (β-coefficient (95% confidence interval) -6.80 (-12.14 to -1.42)).
CONCLUSION: Poor performance in dynamic postural control (maximal excursion and directional control) among fallers was not accounted for by hip/knee osteoarthritis, but was confounded by old age and comorbidities. Loss of postural control due to hip/knee osteoarthritis is not a risk factor for falls among community-dwelling older adults.
Study site: Departments of Emergency Medicine, Primary Care and Geriatric Medicine, in a teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

Fulltext Prevalence, risk factors and health outcomes associated with polypharmacy among urban community-dwelling older adults in multi-ethnic Malaysia

Lim LM, McStea M, Chung WW, Nor Azmi N, Abdul Aziz SA, Alwi S, et al.

PLoS One, 2017;12(3):e0173466.

PMID: 28273128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173466

BACKGROUND: Polypharmacy has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality in the older population.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, risk factors and health outcomes associated with polypharmacy in a cohort of urban community-dwelling older adults receiving chronic medications in Malaysia.

METHODS: This was a baseline study in the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research cohort. The inclusion criteria were individuals aged ≥55years and taking at least one medication chronically (≥3 months). Participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire during home visits where medications taken were reviewed. Health outcomes assessed were frequency of falls, functional disability, potential inappropriate medication use (PIMs), potential drug-drug interactions (PDDIs), healthcare utilisation and quality of life (QoL). Risk factors and health outcomes associated with polypharmacy (≥5 medications including dietary supplements) were determined using multivariate regression models.

RESULTS: A total of 1256 participants were included with a median (interquartile range) age of 69(63-74) years. The prevalence of polypharmacy was 45.9% while supplement users made up 56.9% of the cohort. The risk factors associated with increasing medication use were increasing age, Indian ethnicity, male, having a higher number of comorbidities specifically those diagnosed with cardiovascular, endocrine and gastrointestinal disorders, as well as supplement use. Health outcomes significantly associated with polypharmacy were PIMS, PDDIs and increased healthcare utilisation.

CONCLUSION: A significant proportion of older adults on chronic medications were exposed to polypharmacy and use of dietary supplements contributed significantly to this. Medication reviews are warranted to reduce significant polypharmacy related issues in the older population.

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

Fulltext Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors and carotid intima-media thickness: The USE-IMT study

Wang X, Dalmeijer GW, den Ruijter HM, Anderson TJ, Britton AR, Dekker J, et al.

PLoS One, 2017;12(3):e0173393.

PMID: 28323823 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173393

BACKGROUND: The relation of a single risk factor with atherosclerosis is established. Clinically we know of risk factor clustering within individuals. Yet, studies into the magnitude of the relation of risk factor clusters with atherosclerosis are limited. Here, we assessed that relation.

METHODS: Individual participant data from 14 cohorts, involving 59,025 individuals were used in this cross-sectional analysis. We made 15 clusters of four risk factors (current smoking, overweight, elevated blood pressure, elevated total cholesterol). Multilevel age and sex adjusted linear regression models were applied to estimate mean differences in common carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) between clusters using those without any of the four risk factors as reference group.

RESULTS: Compared to the reference, those with 1, 2, 3 or 4 risk factors had a significantly higher common CIMT: mean difference of 0.026 mm, 0.052 mm, 0.074 mm and 0.114 mm, respectively. These findings were the same in men and in women, and across ethnic groups. Within each risk factor cluster (1, 2, 3 risk factors), groups with elevated blood pressure had the largest CIMT and those with elevated cholesterol the lowest CIMT, a pattern similar for men and women.

CONCLUSION: Clusters of risk factors relate to increased common CIMT in a graded manner, similar in men, women and across race-ethnic groups. Some clusters seemed more atherogenic than others. Our findings support the notion that cardiovascular prevention should focus on sets of risk factors rather than individual levels alone, but may prioritize within clusters.

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

Female labour force participation and fertility

Concepcion MB

Int Labour Rev, 1974;109(5-6):503-17.

PMID: 12307194

Matched MeSH terms: Age Factors

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