Displaying publications 701 - 720 of 1005 in total

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  1. Fulltext Comparison of cytotoxicity between extracts of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau leaves from different locations and the induction of apoptosis by the crude methanol leaf extract in D24 human melanoma cells
    Fong SY, Piva T, Dekiwadia C, Urban S, Huynh T
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2016 Sep 20;16:368.
    PMID: 27646974 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1348-x
    Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau leaves are widely used by cancer patients and the leaf extracts possess cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects on several human cancer cell lines. However, the effect of C. nutans leaf extract on human melanoma, which is the least common but most fatal form of skin cancer and one of the most common cancers diagnosed in both sexes worldwide, is unknown. There is also limited information on whether the bioactivity of extracts differs between C. nutans leaves grown in different geographical locations with varying environmental conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  2. Mitochondrial DNA and two Y-chromosome genes of common long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis fascicularis) throughout Thailand and vicinity
    Bunlungsup S, Imai H, Hamada Y, Matsudaira K, Malaivijitnond S
    Am J Primatol, 2017 02;79(2):1-13.
    PMID: 27643851 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22596
    Macaca fascicularis fascicularis is distributed over a wide area of Southeast Asia. Thailand is located at the center of their distribution range and is the bridge connecting the two biogeographic regions of Indochina and Sunda. However, only a few genetic studies have explored the macaques in this region. To shed some light on the evolutionary history of M. f. fascicularis, including hybridization with M. mulatta, M. f. fascicularis and M. mulatta samples of known origins throughout Thailand and the vicinity were analyzed by molecular phylogenetics using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), including the hypervariable region 1, and Y-chromosomal DNA, including SRY and TSPY genes. The mtDNA phylogenetic analysis divided M. f. fascicularis into five subclades (Insular Indonesia, Sundaic Thai Gulf, Vietnam, Sundaic Andaman sea coast, and Indochina) and revealed genetic differentiation between the two sides of the Thai peninsula, which had previously been reported as a single group of Malay peninsular macaques. From the estimated divergence time of the Sundaic Andaman sea coast subclade, it is proposed that after M. f. fascicularis dispersed throughout Southeast Asia, some populations on the south-easternmost Indochina (eastern Thailand, southern Cambodia and southern Vietnam at the present time) migrated south-westwards across the land bridge, which was exposed during the glacial period of the late Pleistocene epoch, to the southernmost Thailand/northern peninsular Malaysia. Then, some of them migrated north and south to colonize the Thai Andaman sea coast and northern Sumatra, respectively. The SRY-TSPY phylogenetic analysis suggested that male-mediated gene flow from M. mulatta southward to M. f. fascicularis was restricted south of, but close to, the Isthmus of Kra. There was a strong impact of the geographical factors in Thailand, such as the Isthmus of Kra, Nakhon Si Thammarat, and Phuket ranges and Sundaland, on M. f. fascicularis biogeography and their hybridization with M. mulatta.
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  3. Sequence diversity and positive selection at the Duffy-binding protein genes of Plasmodium knowlesi and P. cynomolgi: Analysis of the complete coding sequences of Thai isolates
    Putaporntip C, Kuamsab N, Jongwutiwes S
    Infect Genet Evol, 2016 Oct;44:367-375.
    PMID: 27480919 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.07.040
    Plasmodium knowlesi and P. cynomolgi are simian malaria parasites capable of causing symptomatic human infections. The interaction between the Duffy binding protein alpha on P. knowlesi merozoite and the Duffy-antigen receptor for chemokine (DARC) on human and macaque erythrocyte membrane is prerequisite for establishment of blood stage infection whereas DARC is not required for erythrocyte invasion by P. cynomolgi. To gain insights into the evolution of the PkDBP gene family comprising PkDBPα, PkDBPβ and PkDBPγ, and a member of the DBP gene family of P. cynomolgi (PcyDBP1), the complete coding sequences of these genes were analyzed from Thai field isolates and compared with the publicly available DBP sequences of P. vivax (PvDBP). The complete coding sequences of PkDBPα (n=11), PkDBPβ (n=11), PkDBPγ (n=10) and PcyDBP1 (n=11) were obtained from direct sequencing of the PCR products. Nucleotide diversity of DBP is highly variable across malaria species. PcyDBP1 displayed the greatest level of nucleotide diversity while all PkDBP gene members exhibited comparable levels of diversity. Positive selection occurred in domains I, II and IV of PvDBP and in domain V of PcyDBP1. Although deviation from neutrality was not detected in domain II of PkDBPα, a signature of positive selection was identified in the putative DARC binding site in this domain. The DBP gene families seem to have arisen following the model of concerted evolution because paralogs rather than orthologs are clustered in the phylogenetic tree. The presence of identical or closely related repeats exclusive for the PkDBP gene family suggests that duplication of gene members postdated their divergence from the ancestral PcyDBP and PvDBP lineages. Intragenic recombination was detected in all DBP genes of these malaria species. Despite the limited number of isolates, P. knowlesi from Thailand shared phylogenetically related domain II sequences of both PkDBPα and PkDBPγ with those from Peninsular Malaysia, consistent with their geographic proximity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  4. Fulltext State of rare disease management in Southeast Asia
    Shafie AA, Chaiyakunapruk N, Supian A, Lim J, Zafra M, Hassali MA
    Orphanet J Rare Dis, 2016 08 02;11(1):107.
    PMID: 27484654 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-016-0460-9
    BACKGROUND: Rare diseases, also referred to as orphan diseases, are characterised by their low prevalence with majority of them are chronically debilitating and life threatening. Given the low prevalence and the widely dispersed but very small patient base for each disease, there may often be a disproportion in the availability of treatments and resources to manage patients, spur research and train experts. This is especially true in Southeast Asian countries that are currently in the process of implementing or revising their universal health coverage schemes. This paper aims to examine the status of rare disease management in Southeast Asian countries. It will serve as the basis for a more active discussion on how countries in the region can address an under-recognised rare disease burden and enhance national and regional capacities.

    METHODS: The study consists of literature reviews and key stakeholders interviews in six focus countries, including the Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Thailand and five countries as best practice, comprising of France, Canada, Australia, Taiwan, and South Korea. Rare disease management initiatives across each country were examined based on the World Health Organization's framework for action in strengthening health systems.

    RESULTS: The results suggest rare disease management remains challenging across Southeast Asia, as many of the focus countries face fundamental issues from basic healthcare systems to funding. Nonetheless, there are substantial improvement opportunities, including leveraging best practices from around the world and organising a multi-stakeholder and regional approach and strategy.

    CONCLUSIONS: Southeast Asian countries have made significant progress in the management of rare disease, but there remain key areas for substantial development opportunities.

    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  5. Efficacy and safety of Derris scandens (Roxb.) Benth. for musculoskeletal pain treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    Puttarak P, Sawangjit R, Chaiyakunapruk N
    J Ethnopharmacol, 2016 Dec 24;194:316-323.
    PMID: 27620659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.09.021
    ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Derris scandens (Roxb.) Benth. has been used as active ingredient in Thai traditional medicine recipes for pain treatment. Dry stem powder and ethanolic extract also recommended in Thailand National List of Essential Medicines (NLEMs) for musculoskeletal pain treatment as herbal medicine. However, no summarization of clinical effect and safety has been evaluated.

    OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to determine the clinical effects and safety of D. scandens for musculoskeletal pain treatment compared with standard regimen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

    METHODS: International and Thai databases were searched from inception through August 2015. Comparative randomized controlled trials investigating oral D. scandens for musculoskeletal pain were included. Outcomes of interest included level of pain and adverse event. Mean changes of the outcomes from baseline were compared between D. scandens and NSAIDs by calculating mean difference.

    RESULTS: From 42 articles identified, 4 studies involving a total of 414 patients were included for efficacy analysis. The effects of oral D. scandens on reducing pain score were no different from those of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at any time points (3, 7, 14 days and overall). The overall pain reduction in the D. scandens group was not inferior to treatment with NSAIDs (weighted mean difference 0.06; 95% CI: -0.20, 0.31) without evident of heterogeneity (I(2)=0.00%, p=0.768). When compared, the adverse events (AEs) of D. scandens showed no different relative risk with NSAIDs. The major adverse events were gastrointestinal symptoms.

    CONCLUSION: D. scandens may be considered as an alternative for musculoskeletal pain reduction.

    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  6. Fulltext Treatment of Seborrhoeic Dermatitis in Asia: A Consensus Guide
    Cheong WK, Yeung CK, Torsekar RG, Suh DH, Ungpakorn R, Widaty S, et al.
    Skin Appendage Disord, 2016 May;1(4):187-96.
    PMID: 27386464 DOI: 10.1159/000444682
    Seborrhoeic dermatitis (SD) is common in Asia. Its prevalence is estimated to be 1-5% in adults. However, larger population-based studies into the epidemiology of SD in Asia are lacking, and the aetiology of SD may differ widely from Western countries and in different parts of Asia. In addition, clinically significant differences between Asian and Caucasian skin have been reported. There is a need to define standardized clinical diagnostic criteria and/or a grading system to help determine appropriate treatments for SD within Asia. With this in mind, experts from India, South Korea, Taiwan, Malaysia, Vietnam, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Italy convened to define the landscape of SD in Asia at a meeting held in Singapore. The consensus group developed a comprehensive algorithm to aid clinicians to recommend appropriate treatment of SD in both adults and children. In most cases, satisfactory therapeutic results can be accomplished with topical antifungal agents or topical corticosteroids. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents with antifungal properties have been shown to be a viable option for both acute and maintenance therapy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  7. [Cerebral cysticercosis]
    Hagelskjaer LH, Hansen NJ, Christensen T
    Ugeskr Laeger, 1991 Sep 23;153(39):2754-5.
    PMID: 1949294
    A Danish woman aged 28 years who had travelled in the Far East developed cerebral symptoms with headache and visual disturbances. Migraine was suspected. Subsequent CT scanning revealed multiple processes and metastases were suspected. As the patient had travelled in the Far East 1 1/2 years previously, she was examined for neurocysticercosis. This diagnosis was established and the patient was successfully treated with praziquantel. On account of increased travelling activity, the possibility of neurocysticercosis should be borne in mind when dealing with patients with cerebral symptoms and relevant travelling histories.
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  8. Trends in infant feeding in developing countries
    Notzon F
    Pediatrics, 1984 Oct;74(4 Pt 2):648-66.
    PMID: 6384917
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  9. Epidemiology and control of schistosomiasis in Southeast Asia
    Harinasuta C
    Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1984 Dec;15(4):431-8.
    PMID: 6535256
    Schistosomiasis in Southeast Asia, caused by Schistosoma japonicum, Schistosoma mekongi and Schistosoma japonicum-like, have been reported from six different countries. The S. japonicum infections are highly prevalent in the Philippines with Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi as the vector snail, and in localized areas in Indonesia with O.h. lindoensis as the snail vector. The S. mekongi infections are recent discovery in the Lower Mekong Basin in Laos and Kampuchea, with Tricula aperta as the vector snail. The S. japonicum-like infections are found as isolated cases diagnosed by the finding of S. japonicum-like eggs in the faeces, rectal biopsy, tissue biopsy or at necropsy in Thailand and Malaysia. The control measures of schistosomiasis have been implemented in the Philippines and Indonesia, while further research studies are being conducted in Thailand and Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  10. Individual-level fertility measures derived from the own children method: an evaluation of Southeast Asian census data
    Guest P
    Majalah Demografi Indones, 1991 Jun;18(35):43-58.
    PMID: 12317016
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  11. Multiple alpha-globin genes in crab-eating macaques (Macaca fascicularis)
    Takenaka A, Ueda S, Terao K, Takenaka O
    Mol Biol Evol, 1991 May;8(3):320-6.
    PMID: 2072861
    Alpha-globin genes in crab-eating macaques were found to be triplicated at high frequencies according to restriction-enzyme comparisons. The frequencies of triplicated alpha-globin genes in macaques originally from Malaysia and Indonesia were 0.432 and 0.275, respectively, while no triplication was found in individuals from either the Philippines or northern and central Thailand. Quadruplicated alpha-globin genes were also observed, at frequencies of 0.045 (Malaysia), 0.075 (Indonesia), and 0.021 (the Philippines). A single locus was detected in only one of 40 chromosomes from Indonesia (frequency 0.025).
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  12. Living on the edge
    Hinrichsen D
    Earthwatch, 1989.
    PMID: 12285899
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  13. Internal migration and development transitions in South East Asia
    Pryor RJ
    Popul Geogr, 1981 Jul-Dec;3(1-2):57-68.
    PMID: 12179069
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  14. Demographic development in ASEAN: a comparative overview
    Herrin AN, Pardoko H, Lim LL, Hongladorom C
    Philipp Rev Econ Bus, 1981 Sep-Dec;18(3-4):132-53.
    PMID: 12178278
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  15. Transitional society, health status and international migration of Muslim villagers in the lower part of southern Thailand
    Chongsuvivatwong V, Mo-Suwan L, Mahahing P
    Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1990 Sep;21(3):442-6.
    PMID: 2075485
    A survey was carried out in a Malay-speaking Muslim community in southern Thailand to obtain baseline data for planning of long term multidisciplinary research and development. By using a 30-cluster sampling technique, 210 households of 1,308 subjects were studied in the post-Ramadan period. It was found that the community was in a social transition. The crude birth rate was 4% and 37.6% of the households had at least one migrant. About half of these migrants had been to Malaysia and mainly worked in rubber plantations. Ninety-five per cent of the households had electricity whereas only 23.8% had a latrine. Boiled or rain water was regularly drunk in only 13.3 per cent of the households. Home-grown agricultural products were not sufficient to provide adequate food. Twenty-six per cent of the adults were unemployed and 24.6% were illiterate. Of the pregnancies 26.7% had no antenatal care and complete tetanus toxoid was given to only 27.8%. Traditional birth attendants conducted 81.1% of the deliveries and only 28.9 and 24.4% of the umbilical cords were correctly cut and correctly dressed, respectively. Breast feeding was still a common (87.8%) practice. However, complete immunization was given to only 10.8%, and 37.8% of the infants had at least one diarrheal episode in the previous month. It was concluded that high birth rate, high migration, low education, low income and bad health of infants are major problems. These problems were interlinked and needed a special multidisciplinary approach. In addition to common obstacles for routine health delivery, migration may create international complications, particularly related to maternal and child care.
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  16. New wild Tetrahymena from Southeast Asia, China, and North America, including T. malaccensis, T. asiatica, T. nanneyi, T. caudata, and T. silvana n. spp
    Simon EM, Meyer EB, Preparata RM
    J. Protozool., 1985 Feb;32(1):183-9.
    PMID: 3989748
    Tetrahymena of the T. pyriformis complex collected from varied habitats in Malaysia, Thailand, and The People's Republic of China include strains of the micronucleate species T. americanis and T. canadensis and the amicronucleate T. pyriformis and T. elliotti. Two new breeding species are described-T. malaccensis from Malaysia and T. asiatica from China and Thailand. Two wild selfers from China and some of the amicronucleate strains from all three countries fall into isozymic groups similar to named micronucleate and amicronucleate species. The T. patula complex is represented by two groups of clones from Malaysia that fit the morphological description of T. vorax. They, however, have radically different isozymic electrophoretic patterns and both groups differ from those of previously described T. vorax. As their molecules indicate relationships to other "T. vorax" strains as distant as that between T. vorax and T. leucophrys, they are considered to be new species, T. caudata and T. silvana. A third new breeding species, T. nanneyi, was identified among strains previously collected in North America. Viable immature progeny were obtained from the new strains of the five breeding species. Maximum temperature tolerances were determined for the new strains of four of the breeding species.
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  17. Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus in Singapore: comparison with other ASEAN countries
    Cheah JS, Yeo PP, Thai AC, Lui KF, Wang KW, Tan YT, et al.
    Ann Acad Med Singap, 1985 Apr;14(2):232-9.
    PMID: 4037681
    Singapore is a tropical island city-state with a population of 2.4178 million consisting of Chinese (76.7%), Malays (14.7%), Indians (6.4%) and other races (2.2%). A diabetic survey of the adult population, aged 15 years and above, carried out in 1975, shows that the prevalence of diabetes is 1.99%; it is higher in males (2.36%) than in females (1.64%). It occurs mainly in the age group 40 years and above (5.08%) and is uncommon in the age group 15-39 years (0.40%). In males, the highest prevalence of diabetes (7.0%) is in the age group 45-49 years while in females the highest prevalence (7.2%) is in the age group 55-59 years. 43.3% of the diabetics are of normal weight while 44.3% are overweight and 12.4% are underweight. 59.6% of the diabetics are newly diagnosed while 40.4% are known diabetics; 64.3% of the newly diagnosed diabetics have no symptoms. The prevalence of diabetes among the Indians (6.07%) is significantly higher than that in Malays (2.43%) and Chinese (1.55%). Indian diabetics have a slightly higher positive family history of diabetes (12.7%) than Malays (10.9%) and Chinese (6.5%). Obesity is commoner in Malay diabetics (64.7%) than in Chinese (41.6%) and Indians (35.7%). The possible factors leading to the significantly higher prevalence of diabetes among the Indians compared to the other ethnic groups in Singapore are discussed. It is suggested that the Indian gene is susceptible to diabetes (diabetic genotype) and increased food consumption, altered lifestyle and greater obesity leads to the expression of diabetes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  18. Skin-piercing blood-sucking moths II: Studies on a further 3 adult Calyptra [Calpe] sp. (Lepid., Noctuidae)
    Bänziger H
    Acta Trop, 1979 Mar;36(1):23-37.
    PMID: 35931
    1. Of the scarce Calyptra minuticornis, C. orthograpta and C. labilis, 51, 24, and 7 adults, respectively, were observed during some 600 night inspections at over 100 sites in 1965--1967 and 1971--1977. 2. Hitherto biologically completely unknown, and not recorded before in S.E. Asia, the latter two species flew in or near tropical monsoon forests in hilly regions (300--600 m) of N. Thailand (C. orthograpta also N. Laos). C. minuticornis was found in these and in tropical evergreen and semi-evergreen rain forests of S. Thailand and N.W. Malaysia. 3. In N. Thailand the three species were more common at the end of the cool season/start of the hot season and at the start of the rainy season. They were active mainly during the first half of the night 4. Flight and piercing behaviour, alighting, resting, enemies, and the lack of females, were similar to virtually identical with the "classical" skin-piercing blood-sucking C. eustrigata. 5. C. labilis was seen attacking elephant, C. orthograpta also water buffalo and sambar, C. minuticornis also zebu and tapir but not sambar. C. minuticornis settled on man also but did not pierce. 6. Through no piercing of hosts' skin has actually been seen in nature, indirect evidence suggests that the 3 moths are likely to be occasional blood-suckers. They pierced and sucked blood from the author's skin in experiments. 7. Reasons for lack of direct evidence may be: less developed hematophagy, less favoured hosts, lack of easy-to-pierce injured skin (which also trigger the piercing response), different climatic and phytoecological environment, fewer specimens than in the case of C. eustrigata. 8. Field observations and experiments indicate that the closely related, fruit-piercing Oraesia emarginata is not skin-piercing blood-sucking--a habit likely to be exhibited mainly in humid equatorial regions by a few Calyptra only.
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  19. Asian-Pacific round of WFS activities
    Asian Pac Popul Programme News, 1979;8(1):16.
    PMID: 12309486
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
  20. Height and weight of bangkok children. 3. Height and weight of Bankok children in comparison to the other nations
    Chavalittamrong B, Vathakanon R
    J Med Assoc Thai, 1978 Feb;61 Suppl 2:42-9.
    PMID: 632715
    Matched MeSH terms: Thailand
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