MyMedR

Non-syndrome multiple supernumerary teeth: literature review

Yusof WZ

J Can Dent Assoc, 1990 Feb;56(2):147-9.

Multiple supernumerary teeth without any associated systemic conditions or syndromes are not common. The author reviewed most of the cases reported in the English-language literature from 1969 to the present. It was found that there was a predilection of non-syndrome multiple supernumerary teeth to occur in the mandible. When analyzed according to specific sites for both jaws, there was a predominance of the multiple supernumerary teeth to occur in the premolar area, followed by the molar and the anterior regions respectively. The mandibular premolar region had the highest frequency of occurrence for both jaws combined.

Matched MeSH terms: Tooth, Supernumerary/pathology*

Schistosomiasis drug therapy and treatment considerations

Shekhar KC

Drugs, 1991 Sep;42(3):379-405.

PMID: 1720380

Schistosomiasis, a grave and debilitating disease of socioeconomic importance, is increasing in incidence despite concerted efforts to control and contain the disease in all the endemic areas. While a multipronged method of control using health education, sanitation and snail control has been used, chemotherapy and chemoprophylaxis play the most important and crucial role in containing/preventing the transmission of the disease. Schistosomicides such as antimonials were introduced, as early as the 1990s as the drugs of choice and continued to be used until the early 1960s. The antimonials were administered intravenously, and produced severe side effects; the various variables that determined their effects at the site of action made their application difficult and adversely affected their use in large scale chemotherapy. The antimonials were then replaced by hycanthone and lucanthone which were administered intramuscularly. These drugs produced immediate side effects such as hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal disturbances, and were consequently withdrawn. It was then decided that the alternative was to produce synthetic drugs that could be administered orally. Niridazole, oxamniquine, and metrifonate were introduced as schistosomicidal agents, with drugs like oltipraz and amoscanate still at clinical trial phase. Therapeutic doses of drugs like hycanthone, niridazole and amoscanate have been found to cause many major side effects. A significant advance in the control of schistosomiasis chemotherapy is the introduction of a relatively safe, effective, broad spectrum oral helminthic agent, praziquantel. Studies have also shown that oxamniquine is as effective as praziquantel in eliminating intestinal S. mansoni infection, and metrifonate is as effective as praziquantel in eliminating urinary S. haematobium and S. mansoni infections. Praziquantel has been found to be effective in treating S. haematobium infections compared with metrifonate and more effective in treating S. mansoni infection when compared with oxamniquine. Because the drug is effective even when treating advanced hepatosplenic schistosomiasis, with few side effects, praziquantel is currently the drug of choice for the treatment of any kind of schistosomiasis. The only limitation is the cost which restricts its use in many developing countries. While effective, safe drugs for mass chemotherapy are being developed, the problem of therapeutic failure and drug resistance is being reported from certain developing countries. Under these circumstances, alternative drugs must be resorted to. Mass treatment, a crucial goal in the eventual control of schistosomiasis, awaits a well-tolerated and nontoxic drug that will ultimately prove to be effective where cure is definite. Until such a time, while eradication of the disease is a near impossibility, reducing the intensity of infection can ultimately reduce morbidity and even mortality.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Matched MeSH terms: Schistosomiasis/pathology

Diverticular disease of the large bowel in Singapore. An autopsy survey

Lee YS

Dis Colon Rectum, 1986 May;29(5):330-5.

PMID: 3084185

One thousand fourteen consecutive large intestines were removed at autopsy from persons over the age of 14 years and examined for diverticular disease. Diverticulosis was encountered in 194 patients (19 percent). The lesion appeared early in life, after the second decade. Men were affected more frequently than women before the age of 60 years. Chinese men had significantly more diverticular disease than Malayan men (P less than 0.01) and Indian men (P less than 0.02). Chinese men also had significantly more diverticular disease than Chinese women. There was a predominance of right colon involvement, with the disease affecting especially the ascending colon and cecum. This pattern was observed in all three major ethnic groups, and in both the Singapore-born and foreign-born Singaporeans. The cause of right-sided diverticulosis is unknown. It appears that, while adoption of the western diet may influence the prevalence of diverticular disease, the site of predilection is determined more by racial or genetic predisposition. All diverticula examined histologically were false, including 39 (20 percent) solitary diverticula. The distribution of solitary diverticula was similar to that of multiple diverticulosis. It is suggested that solitary and multiple diverticulosis are part of the spectrum of the same disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendix/pathology; Cecal Diseases/pathology; Cecum/pathology; Diverticulum/pathology*; Diverticulum, Colon/pathology; Intestinal Diseases/pathology*; Intestine, Large/pathology*

Fulltext Hailey-Hailey disease--case report

Mohamed KN

Med J Malaysia, 1983 Sep;38(3):188-90.

PMID: 6672559

Hailey-Hailey disease or Chronic Benign Familial Pemphigus is probably rare in this region and to date there is no case report from Malaysia. I report here a Malay patient with this disease but with no family history and who was believed to be suffering from Atopic Eczema for several years. Dapsone effectively controlled the disease in this patient. The clinical features, histology and the therapy are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Pemphigus/pathology*

Organisation of laboratory services in Malaysia

Jegathesan M, de Witt GF

Malays J Pathol, 1982 Aug;5:1-5.

PMID: 7187452

Matched MeSH terms: Pathology Department, Hospital/organization & administration*

Chromoblastomycosis in Malaysia

Jayalakshmi P, Looi LM, Soo-Hoo TS

Mycopathologia, 1990 Jan;109(1):27-31.

PMID: 2325747

Nine cases of histologically diagnosed chromoblastomycosis are reported from Malaysia. All the patients were males and ranged in age from 56 to 65 years. The duration of symptoms varied from 5 months to 13 years. All the lesions were noted in the lower limbs. Malignancy was suspected clinically in 5 cases. The diagnosis was established by finding characteristic brown muriform cells in the tissue sections.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromoblastomycosis/pathology

Focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver

Chong KC

Med J Malaysia, 1974 Jun;28(4):296-9.

PMID: 4278779

Matched MeSH terms: Liver Diseases/pathology*

Virus haemorrhagic fever

Reid HA

Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales, 1969;62(2):263-6.

PMID: 4397208

Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/pathology

The Karman curette for gynaecological diagnostic curettage. (A preliminary report)

Chelvam P, Puraviappan, Sinnathuray TA

Med J Malaysia, 1978 Dec;33(2):158-61.

PMID: 755170

Matched MeSH terms: Genital Diseases, Female/pathology*

Complexity-based classification of EEG signal in normal subjects and patients with epilepsy

Namazi H, Aghasian E, Ala TS

Technol Health Care, 2020;28(1):57-66.

PMID: 31104032 DOI: 10.3233/THC-181579

Analysis of human brain activity is an important topic in human neuroscience. Human brain activity can be studied by analyzing the electroencephalography (EEG) signal. In this way, scientists have employed several techniques that investigate nonlinear dynamics of EEG signals. Fractal theory as a promising technique has shown its capabilities to analyze the nonlinear dynamics of time series. Since EEG signals have fractal patterns, in this research we analyze the variations of fractal dynamics of EEG signals between four datasets that were collected from healthy subjects with open-eyes and close-eyes conditions, patients with epilepsy who did and patients who did not face seizures. The obtained results showed that EEG signal during seizure has greatest complexity and the EEG signal during the seizure-free interval has lowest complexity. In order to verify the obtained results in case of fractal analysis, we employ approximate entropy, which indicates the randomness of time series. The obtained results in case of approximate entropy certified the fractal analysis results. The obtained results in this research show the effectiveness of fractal theory to investigate the nonlinear structure of EEG signal between different conditions.

Matched MeSH terms: Epilepsy/pathology*

Fulltext Extraneural metastasis of meningeal haemangiopericytoma to the liver

Yusoff AR, Mokhtar S, Raman K, Singh H, Shabery NAM

Turk J Gastroenterol, 2019 09;30(9):848-850.

PMID: 31530530 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2019.18454

Matched MeSH terms: Meningeal Neoplasms/pathology*

Epigenetics: The master control of endothelial cell fate in cancer

V Subramaniam A, Yehya AHS, Cheng WK, Wang X, Oon CE

Life Sci, 2019 Sep 01;232:116652.

PMID: 31302197 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116652

The development of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature is called angiogenesis. The growth of tumors depends on a network of supplying vessels that provide them with oxygen and nutrients. Pro-angiogenic factors that are secreted by tumors will trigger the sprouting of nearby existing blood vessels towards themselves and therefore researchers have developed targeted therapy towards these pro-angiogenic proteins to inhibit angiogenesis. However, certain pro-angiogenic proteins tend to bypass the inhibition. Thus, instead of targeting these expressed proteins, research towards angiogenesis inhibition had been focused on a deeper scale, epigenetic modifications. Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms are a heritable change in a sequence of stable but reversible gene function modification yet do not affect the DNA primary sequence directly. Methylation of DNA, modification of histone and silencing of micro-RNA (miRNA)-associated gene are currently considered to initiate and sustain epigenetic changes. Recent findings on the subject matter have provided an insight into the mechanism of epigenetic modifications, thus this review aims to present an update on the latest studies.

Matched MeSH terms: Neoplasms/pathology*

Histopathology of cultured sea bass (Lates calcarifer) (Centropomidae) infected with Cruoricola lates (Trematoda: Sanguinicolidae) from Pulau Ketam, Malaysia

Herbert BW, Shaharom FM, Anderson IG

Int J Parasitol, 1995 Jan;25(1):3-13.

PMID: 7797370

Cruoricola lates are found throughout sea bass (Lates calcarifer), most commonly in the mesenteric blood vessels, kidney, pericardial vessels, and eye. Eggs of C. lates were predominantly found in the gills, ventricle, hepatopancreas, and kidneys, but only develop to miracidia regularly in the gills and heart. Single miracidia escaping appear to cause little damage, but groups induce an inflammatory response and haemorrhage. Endocardial macrophages encapsulate eggs trapped between trabeculae in the heart. The reaction to eggs in the kidneys, hepatopancreas and spleen consists of fibrocytic encapsulation. Infection at the levels observed in this study were insufficient to cause lethal pathological changes, but could result in reduced food conversion ratios or impaired immunological capacity.

Matched MeSH terms: Endocardium/pathology; Fish Diseases/pathology*; Gills/pathology; Kidney/pathology; Pancreas/pathology; Spleen/pathology; Trematode Infections/pathology

Cavernous hemangioma arising from the gastro-splenic ligament: a case report

Chin KF, Khair G, Babu PS, Morgan DR

World J Gastroenterol, 2009 Aug 14;15(30):3831-3.

PMID: 19673030

We present a rare case of a 45-year-old woman who presented with epigastric pain associated with early satiety and weight loss. Imaging revealed a large intra-abdominal mass in the epigastrium. Despite intensive investigations, including ultrasound scanning, computed tomography, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and percutaneous biopsy, a diagnosis could not be obtained. A histological diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma arising from the gastro-splenic ligament was confirmed after laparoscopic excision and histological examination of the intra-abdominal epigastric mass.

Matched MeSH terms: Ligaments/pathology*

Correlation and accuracy of contrast-enhanced computed tomography in assessing depth of invasion of oral tongue carcinoma

Chin SY, Kadir K, Ibrahim N, Rahmat K

Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2021 Jun;50(6):718-724.

PMID: 33162298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.09.025

The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation and accuracy of depth of invasion (DOI) measurement from preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scans in comparison to histopathological examination (HPE) in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC). Preoperative CT scans of 18 OTSCC patients were reviewed retrospectively by a single observer to measure the DOI on axial and coronal sections; these were then compared to the HPE report. Mean DOI was compared between CECT and HPE using repeated measures ANOVA. The strength of correlation of CT-derived tumour depth was determined using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) followed by assessment of accuracy by Bland-Altman plot. In general, the measurement of DOI was smaller on CECT, with a mean difference of 0.743mm on axial CT and 1.106mm on coronal CT. Regarding the correlation between CECT and HPE tumour depths, ICC was 0.956 for axial CT and 0.965 for coronal CT. Bland-Altman analysis showed that DOI from CECT and histopathological depth were in agreement with each other. In conclusion, there was excellent correlation and accurate measurement of DOI from CECT.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue/pathology

Biology and pathogenesis of Naegleria fowleri

Siddiqui R, Ali IK, Cope JR, Khan NA

Acta Trop, 2016 Dec;164:375-394.

PMID: 27616699 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.09.009

Naegleria fowleri is a protist pathogen that can cause lethal brain infection. Despite decades of research, the mortality rate related with primary amoebic meningoencephalitis owing to N. fowleri remains more than 90%. The amoebae pass through the nose to enter the central nervous system killing the host within days, making it one of the deadliest opportunistic parasites. Accordingly, we present an up to date review of the biology and pathogenesis of N. fowleri and discuss needs for future research against this fatal infection.

Matched MeSH terms: Brain/pathology

Oliver Guy Dodge

Chang J

BMJ, 2016 Nov 25;355:i6317.

PMID: 27886999 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.i6317

Matched MeSH terms: Pathology, Clinical/history*

Comparison of reconstructed rapid prototyping models produced by 3-dimensional printing and conventional stone models with different degrees of crowding

Wan Hassan WN, Yusoff Y, Mardi NA

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2017 Jan;151(1):209-218.

PMID: 28024776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.08.019

INTRODUCTION: Rapid prototyping models can be reconstructed from stereolithographic digital study model data to produce hard-copy casts. In this study, we aimed to compare agreement and accuracy of measurements made with rapid prototyping and stone models for different degrees of crowding.

METHODS: The Z Printer 450 (3D Systems, Rock Hill, SC) reprinted 10 sets of models for each category of crowding (mild, moderate, and severe) scanned using a structured-light scanner (Maestro 3D, AGE Solutions, Pisa, Italy). Stone and RP models were measured using digital calipers for tooth sizes in the mesiodistal, buccolingual, and crown height planes and for arch dimension measurements. Bland-Altman and paired t test analyses were used to assess agreement and accuracy. Clinical significance was set at ±0.50 mm.

RESULTS: Bland-Altman analysis showed the mean bias of measurements between the models to be within ±0.15 mm (SD, ±0.40 mm), but the 95% limits of agreement exceeded the cutoff point of ±0.50 mm (lower range, -0.81 to -0.41 mm; upper range, 0.34 to 0.76 mm). Paired t tests showed statistically significant differences for all planes in all categories of crowding except for crown height in the moderate crowding group and arch dimensions in the mild and moderate crowding groups.

CONCLUSIONS: The rapid prototyping models were not clinically comparable with conventional stone models regardless of the degree of crowding.

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion/pathology*

Cover Image, Volume 173A, Number 4, April 2017

Kruszka P, Addissie YA, McGinn DE, Porras AR, Biggs E, Share M, et al.

Am J Med Genet A, 2017 Apr;173(4):i.

PMID: 28328119 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38224

The cover image, by Paul Kruszka et al., is based on the Original Article 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in diverse populations, DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38199. Individual images are property of the National Human Genome Research Institute and are in the public domain.

Matched MeSH terms: DiGeorge Syndrome/pathology*

The diagnosis of nutritional megaloblastic anaemia: the use of bone marrow biopsy

TASKER PW

Med J Malaya, 1957 Dec;12(2):395-405.

PMID: 13515870

Matched MeSH terms: Bone Marrow/pathology*

Displaying publications 721 - 740 of 5118 in total