Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 98 in total

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  1. Fulltext Cadaveric Bone Donation amid COVID-19 Pandemic: An Unstoppable Chronicle in Uncharted Waters
    Mansor A, Ramalingam S, Yusof N
    Malays Orthop J, 2021 Nov;15(3):155-156.
    PMID: 34966515 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2111.028
  2. Fulltext Knowledge on Bone Banking among Participants in an Orthopaedic Conference: A Preliminary Survey
    Mohd S, Yusof N, Ramalingam S, Ng WM, Mansor A
    Malays Orthop J, 2017 Jul;11(2):1-6.
    PMID: 29021871 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1707.004
    Despite increasing use of bone graft in Malaysia, there was still lack of data to quantify knowledge level on bone banking among orthopaedic community who are involved in transplantation related work. Therefore, a survey on awareness in tissue banking specifically bone banking, usage and choice of bone grafts was conducted. From 80 respondents, 82.5% were aware about tissue banking however only 12.5% knew of the existence of tissue banks in Malaysia. Femoral head was the bone allograft most often used as a substitute to autograft. Only 34.8% respondents preferred irradiated bone grafts whilst 46.9% preferred nonirradiated, indicating the need to educate the importance of radiation for sterilising tissues. Exhibition was the most preferred medium for awareness programme to disseminate information about bone banking in the orthopaedic community. The professional awareness is necessary to increase the knowledge on the use of bone graft, hence to increase bone transplantation for musculoskeletal surgeries in the country.
  3. Fulltext Thermal Properties and Drying Shrinkage Performance of Palm Kernel Shell Ash and Rice Husk Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete
    Abdullah MN, Mustapha F, Yusof N', Khan T, Sebaey TA
    Materials (Basel), 2024 Mar 11;17(6).
    PMID: 38541452 DOI: 10.3390/ma17061298
    This study aims to develop suitable formulations of geopolymer concrete (GPC) by varying the percentages of the geopolymer with aggregates and evaluating the performances in thermal and mechanical properties of palm kernel shell ash (PKSA)-GPC compared to rice husk ash (RHA)-GPC and ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPCC). Preliminary tests were conducted to select the best mix design ratios before casting the specimens. Then, the performance of the PKSA-GPC, RHA-GPC and OPCC specimens was evaluated based on their thermal performance and drying shrinkage. The mix designs of PKSA-GPC 70:30, PKSA-GPC 60:40, PKSA-GPC 50:50 and PKSA-GPC 66.6:33.3 were found to produce an acceptable consistency, rheological and thixotropic behaviour for the development of the GPC. PKSA-GPC showed a better thermal performance than the RHA-GPC and OPCC due to their strong and dense intumescent layers and slow temperature increment upon exposure to a high flame temperature from ambient temperature to 169 °C. The low molar ratio of the Si/Al present in the PKSA-GPC created a thermally stable intumescent layer. In the drying shrinkage test, PKSA-GPC 60:40 and RHA-GPC 60:40 shared an equal drying shrinkage performance (5.040%) compared to the OPCC (8.996%). It was observed that microcrack formation could significantly contribute to the high shrinkage in the PKSA-GPC 50:50 and RHA-GPC 70:30 specimens. The findings of this study show that PKSA could be incorporated into GPC as a fire-retardant material due to its capability of prolonging the spread of fire upon ignition and acting as an alternative to the conventional OPCC.
  4. A review of: application of synthetic scaffold in tissue engineering heart valves
    Fallahiarezoudar E, Ahmadipourroudposht M, Idris A, Mohd Yusof N
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2015 Mar;48:556-65.
    PMID: 25579957 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.12.016
    The four heart valves represented in the mammalian hearts are responsible for maintaining unidirectional, non-hinder blood flow. The heart valve leaflets synchronically open and close approximately 4 million times a year and more than 3 billion times during the life. Valvular heart dysfunction is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. When one of the valves malfunctions, the medical choice is may be to replace the original valves with an artificial one. Currently, the mechanical and biological artificial valves are clinically used with some drawbacks. Tissue engineering heart valve concept represents a new technique to enhance the current model. In tissue engineering method, a three-dimensional scaffold is fabricated as the template for neo-tissue development. Appropriate cells are seeded to the matrix in vitro. Various approaches have been investigated either in scaffold biomaterials and fabrication techniques or cell source and cultivation methods. The available results of ongoing experiments indicate a promising future in this area (particularly in combination of bone marrow stem cells with synthetic scaffold), which can eliminate the need for lifelong anti-coagulation medication, durability and reoperation problems.
  5. Fulltext Potential application of biomass derived graphene for COVID-19 pandemic
    Arifin NFT, Yusof N, Nordin NAHM, Jaafar J, Ismail AF, Aziz F, et al.
    Mater Today Proc, 2021;46:1959-1962.
    PMID: 33680866 DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2021.02.379
    Since the emergence of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, intense research has been carried out to find the effective vaccine. However, this issue remains as a global challenge. Graphene has captured various attention due to promising antimicrobial and antiviral applications, hydrophobic characteristic and superior electrical conductivity. Recently, biomass derived graphene also promises great opportunity to combat the spread COVID-19. In this paper, we demonstrated the ability and role of biomass derived graphene as superhydrophobic coating, biosensors and disinfectant in the fight against COVID-19.
  6. Fulltext Microbial Diversity in Decaying Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) and Isolation of Lignin-degrading Bacteria from a Tropical Environment
    Tahir AA, Mohd Barnoh NF, Yusof N, Mohd Said NN, Utsumi M, Yen AM, et al.
    Microbes Environ, 2019 Jun 27;34(2):161-168.
    PMID: 31019143 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME18117
    Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) are the most abundant, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly lignocellulosic biomass in Malaysia. Investigations on the microbial diversity of decaying OPEFB may reveal microbes with complex enzymes that have the potential to enhance the conversion of lignocellulose into second-generation biofuels as well as the production of other value-added products. In the present study, fungal and bacterial diversities in decaying OPEFB were identified using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene and V4 region of the 18S rRNA gene. Fungal diversity in decaying OPEFB was dominated by the phylum Ascomycota (14.43%), while most of the bacterial sequences retrieved belonged to Proteobacteria (76.71%). Three bacterial strains isolated from decaying OPEFB, designated as S18, S20, and S36, appeared to grow with extracted OPEFB-lignin and Kraft lignin (KL) as the sole carbon source. 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified the 3 isolates as Paenibacillus sp.. The molecular weight distribution of KL before and after degradation showed significant depolymerization when treated with bacterial strains S18, S20, and S36. The presence of low-molecular-weight lignin-related compounds, such as vanillin and 2-methoxyphenol derivatives, which were detected by a GC-MS analysis, confirmed the KL-degrading activities of isolated Paenibacillus strains.
  7. Fulltext Draft Genome Sequence of the Prazosin-Degrading Bacillus sp. Strain PR5, Isolated from a River Receiving Hospital and Urban Wastewater in Malaysia
    Ahmad Sabri NS, Mohd Mohsi NF, Apandi A, Yusof N, Megat Mohd Noor MJ, Md Akhir FN, et al.
    Microbiol Resour Announc, 2021 Mar 18;10(11).
    PMID: 33737348 DOI: 10.1128/MRA.00025-21
    We report the complete genome sequence of Bacillus sp. strain PR5, isolated from a river receiving hospital and urban wastewater in Malaysia, which demonstrated a high capability for degrading prazosin. This genome sequence of 4,525,264 bp exhibited 41.5% GC content, 4,402 coding sequences, and 32 RNAs.
  8. Fulltext Complete Genome Sequence of Lignin-Degrading Streptomyces sp. Strain S6, Isolated from an Oil Palm Plantation in Malaysia
    Yusof N, Abdullah Tahir A, Riyadi FA, Ahmad Sabri NS, Md Akhir FN, Othman N, et al.
    Microbiol Resour Announc, 2020 Jan 30;9(5).
    PMID: 32001560 DOI: 10.1128/MRA.01332-19
    Streptomyces spp. are bacteria that are responsible for the degradation of aromatic compounds and produce secondary metabolites. Here, we present a complete genome sequence of Streptomyces sp. strain S6, which was isolated from an oil palm plantation, with a 7.8-Mbp liner chromosome, a GC content of 72%, and 4,266 coding sequences.
  9. Fulltext Draft Genome Sequences of Three Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Hospital Wastewater in Malaysia
    Ahmad Sabri NS, Mohd Zulkeflle SN, Yusof N, Md Akhir FN, Othman N, Zakaria Z, et al.
    Microbiol Resour Announc, 2021 May 06;10(18).
    PMID: 33958405 DOI: 10.1128/MRA.00332-21
    Staphylococcus spp. are Gram-positive bacteria that reside within the normal microbiota of humans and animals but pose a health threat as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes. Here, we present the draft genome sequences of three Staphylococcus sp. strains isolated from hospital wastewater in Malaysia that demonstrated resistance to multiple antibiotics.
  10. Fulltext Draft Genome Sequence of Lignin-Degrading Agrobacterium sp. Strain S2, Isolated from a Decaying Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch
    Faisal UH, Sabri NSA, Yusof N, Tahir AA, Said NNM, Riyadi FA, et al.
    Microbiol Resour Announc, 2021 May 13;10(19).
    PMID: 33986086 DOI: 10.1128/MRA.00259-21
    We report the draft genome sequence of Agrobacterium sp. strain S2, isolated from a decaying oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, which yields potential genes encoding lignin degradation enzymes. This genome of 9,722,071 bp exhibited 58.9% GC content, 10,416 coding genes, and 12 RNAs.
  11. Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) drug classification using shallow one-dimensional convolutional neural network
    Mohd Yusof N, Muda AK, Pratama SF, Carbo-Dorca R
    Mol Divers, 2021 Aug 02.
    PMID: 34338915 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-021-10289-1
    Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) drug analysis and identification are challenging and critical nowadays with the emergence production of new synthetic ATS drugs with sophisticated design compounds. In the present study, we proposed a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1DCNN) model to perform ATS drug classification as an alternative method. We investigate as well as explore the classification behavior of 1DCNN with the utilization of the existing novel 3D molecular descriptors as ATS drugs representation to become the model input. The proposed 1DCNN model is composed of one convolutional layer to reduce the model complexity. Besides, pooling operation that is a standard part of traditional CNN is not applied in this architecture to have more features in the classification phase. The dropout regularization technique is employed to improve model generalization. Experiments were conducted to find the optimal values for three dominant hyper-parameters of the 1DCNN model which are the filter size, transfer function, and batch size. Our findings found that kernel size 11, exponential linear unit (ELU) transfer function and batch size 32 are optimal for the 1DCNN model. A comparison with several machine learning classifiers has shown that our proposed 1DCNN has achieved comparable performance with the Random Forest classifier and competitive performance with the others.
  12. A novel nonlinear time-varying sigmoid transfer function in binary whale optimization algorithm for descriptors selection in drug classification
    Mohd Yusof N, Muda AK, Pratama SF, Abraham A
    Mol Divers, 2023 Feb;27(1):71-80.
    PMID: 35254585 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10410-y
    In computational chemistry, the high-dimensional molecular descriptors contribute to the curse of dimensionality issue. Binary whale optimization algorithm (BWOA) is a recently proposed metaheuristic optimization algorithm that has been efficiently applied in feature selection. The main contribution of this paper is a new version of the nonlinear time-varying Sigmoid transfer function to improve the exploitation and exploration activities in the standard whale optimization algorithm (WOA). A new BWOA algorithm, namely BWOA-3, is introduced to solve the descriptors selection problem, which becomes the second contribution. To validate BWOA-3 performance, a high-dimensional drug dataset is employed. The proficiency of the proposed BWOA-3 and the comparative optimization algorithms are measured based on convergence speed, the length of the selected feature subset, and classification performance (accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and f-measure). In addition, statistical significance tests are also conducted using the Friedman test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The comparative optimization algorithms include two BWOA variants, binary bat algorithm (BBA), binary gray wolf algorithm (BGWOA), and binary manta-ray foraging algorithm (BMRFO). As the final contribution, from all experiments, this study has successfully revealed the superiority of BWOA-3 in solving the descriptors selection problem and improving the Amphetamine-type Stimulants (ATS) drug classification performance.
  13. Fulltext Recent Development of Nanocomposite Membranes for Water and Wastewater Treatment
    Ismail AF, Goh PS, Yusof N
    Nanomaterials (Basel), 2023 May 20;13(10).
    PMID: 37242102 DOI: 10.3390/nano13101686
    The field of membrane technology has experienced significant growth in recent years, especially in the areas of wastewater treatment and desalination [...].
  14. Components in downstream health promotions to reduce sugar intake among adults: a systematic review
    Azhar Hilmy SH, Nordin N, Yusof MYPM, Soh TYT, Yusof N
    Nutr J, 2024 Jan 17;23(1):11.
    PMID: 38233923 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-023-00884-3
    Excessive sugar consumption is well documented as a common risk factor for many Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). Thus, an adequate intervention description is important to minimise research waste and improve research usability and reproducibility. A systematic review was conducted to identify components in published evidence interventions pertaining to the health promotions on reducing sugar intake among adults. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and used the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) for quality appraisal. The period for the selected study was from 2000 to 2022, and articles were retrieved from Web of Science (WOS), Medline, Scopus, and PubMed. The target population was adults aged 18 years old and above who underwent intervention to assess the changes in their sugar intake. Data sources and all human epidemiologic studies were included. Out of the 9,333 papers identified, 25 were included. The overall quality of evidence of the studies was considered moderate. Apart from the characteristics of the reviewed studies, components of interventions are including the basis of theoretical or model for the intervention, which majority use Social Cognitive Theory, followed by PRECEDE-PROCEED model, socio-ecological and process-improvement theories and Transtheoretical Model; providers, who are commercial provider, qualified nutritionist, professor of nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics, doctor, dietitian nutritionist, lifestyle coaches, and junior public health nurses; duration of the intervention and follow-up time, varies from as short as one month to as long as 24 months; material provided either softcopy or hardcopy; tailoring approach, based on the individual goals, the process of change, genotype analysis, beliefs, barriers, and sociocultural norms; delivery mechanism either face-to-face or technology-mediated; and tools to measure the sugar consumption outcome mostly used Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), besides 24-h dietary recalls, and food diaries. There are various components in downstream health promotion to reduce sugar intake among adults that can be adapted according to the local health promotion and intervention context. More well-designed interventions using integration components are encouraged in further studies.
  15. Fulltext Optical reflectometric measurement of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) RNA based on cationic cysteamine-capped gold nanoparticles
    Diyana Jamaluddin N, Ibrahim N, Yuziana Mohd Yusof N, Ta Goh C, Ling Tan L
    Opt Laser Technol, 2023 Jan;157:108763.
    PMID: 36212170 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2022.108763
    The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged as a major public health outbreak in late 2019 and was proclaimed a global pandemic in March 2020. A reflectometric-based RNA biosensor was developed by using cysteamine-stabilized gold nanoparticles (cysAuNPs) as the colorimetric probe for bioassay of COVID-19 RNA (SARS-CoV-2 RNA) sequence. The cysAuNPs aggregated in the presence of DNA probes via cationic and anionic electrostatic attraction between the positively charged cysteamine ligands and the negatively charged sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA, whilst in the presence of target RNAs, the specific recognition between DNA probes and targets depleted the electrostatic interaction between the DNA probes and cysAuNPs signal probe, leading to dispersed particles. This has rendered a remarkable shifting in the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) on the basis of visual color change of the RNA biosensor from red to purplish hue at the wavelength of 765 nm. Optical evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by means on reflectance transduction of the RNA biosensor based on cysAuNPs optical sensing probes demonstrated rapid response time of 30 min with high sensitivity, good linearity and high reproducibility across a COVID-19 RNA concentration range of 25 nM to 200 nM, and limit of detection (LOD) at 0.12 nM. qPCR amplification of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA showed good agreement with the proposed RNA biosensor by using spiked RNA samples of the oropharyngeal swab from COVID-19 patients. Therefore, this assay is useful for rapid and early diagnosis of COVID-19 disease including asymptomatic carriers with low viral load even in the presence of co-infection with other viruses that manifest similar respiratory symptoms.
  16. Fulltext Mono-Lateral External Fixation for Treatment of Femoral Osteomyelitis
    Mohd Yusof N, Saleh AK, Abuomira IEAA, Attallah AA, Elshal EA, Khames AAA
    Orthop Res Rev, 2022;14:437-443.
    PMID: 36444242 DOI: 10.2147/ORR.S383863
    BACKGROUND AND AIM: Maintenance of stability using external fixation devices is an important principle to ensure successful treatment of osteomyelitis (OM). In this study, we report our experience with femoral OM treated with acute compression and bone transport using the Orthofix limb reconstruction system (LRS).

    PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective study included 30 consecutive patients with femoral OM. LRS insertion and corticotomy were done according to the standard technique. Radiographic evaluation was performed every 2 weeks during the distraction phase and every 2-4 weeks during the consolidation phase. The clinical outcome measurements included union time, limb length discrepancy, additional operative procedures, refracture and infection.

    RESULTS: The present study included 30 patients with femoral OM. They comprised 27 males (90.0%) and 3 females (10.0%) with an age of 28.1 ± 15.6 years. All, except one, achieved union with a mean union time of 8.6 months (range 4-20 months). The mean union time for acute compression was 7.6 months (range 4-20 months) while for patients with bone transport it was 14.5 months (range 12-18 months). The mean limb length discrepancy was 1.8 cm (range 0-4 cm). At the end of the follow=up, two patients were not able to ambulate without support; one due to non-union and one due to paraplegia.

    CONCLUSION: The present study identified treatment of femoral OM using LRS as a feasible and effective technique with good outcomes. Reported complications could be adequately managed in most cases.

  17. Fulltext Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum Molecular Markers of Antimalarial Drug Resistance in a Residual Malaria Focus Area in Sabah, Malaysia
    Norahmad NA, Mohd Abd Razak MR, Abdullah NR, Sastu UR, Imwong M, Muniandy PK, et al.
    PLoS One, 2016;11(10):e0165515.
    PMID: 27788228 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165515
    Chloroquine (CQ) and fansidar (sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, SP) were widely used for treatment of Plasmodium falciparum for several decades in Malaysia prior to the introduction of Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) in 2008. Our previous study in Kalabakan, located in south-east coast of Sabah showed a high prevalence of resistance to CQ and SP, suggesting the use of the treatment may no longer be effective in the area. This study aimed to provide a baseline data of antimalarial drug resistant markers on P. falciparum isolates in Kota Marudu located in the north-east coast of Sabah. Mutations on genes associated with CQ (pfcrt and pfmdr1) and SP (pfdhps and pfdhfr) were assessed by PCR amplification and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Mutations on the kelch13 marker (K13) associated with artemisinin resistance were determined by DNA sequencing technique. The assessment of pfmdr1 copy number variation associated with mefloquine resistant was done by real-time PCR technique. A low prevalence (6.9%) was indicated for both pfcrt K76T and pfmdr1 N86Y mutations. All P. falciparum isolates harboured the pfdhps A437G mutation. Prevalence of pfdhfr gene mutations, S108N and I164L, were 100% and 10.3%, respectively. Combining the different resistant markers, only two isolates were conferred to have CQ and SP treatment failure markers as they contained mutant alleles of pfcrt and pfmdr1 together with quintuple pfdhps/pfdhfr mutation (combination of pfdhps A437G+A581G and pfdhfr C59R+S108N+I164L). All P. falciparum isolates carried single copy number of pfmdr1 and wild type K13 marker. This study has demonstrated a low prevalence of CQ and SP resistance alleles in the study area. Continuous monitoring of antimalarial drug efficacy is warranted and the findings provide information for policy makers in ensuring a proper malaria control.
  18. Fulltext Novel Activated Carbon Nanofibers Composited with Cost-Effective Graphene-Based Materials for Enhanced Adsorption Performance toward Methane
    Che Othman FE, Yusof N, Yub Harun N, Bilad MR, Jaafar J, Aziz F, et al.
    Polymers (Basel), 2020 Sep 10;12(9).
    PMID: 32927881 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092064
    Various types of activated carbon nanofibers' (ACNFs) composites have been extensively studied and reported recently due to their extraordinary properties and applications. This study reports the fabrication and assessments of ACNFs incorporated with graphene-based materials, known as gACNFs, via simple electrospinning and subsequent physical activation process. TGA analysis proved graphene-derived rice husk ashes (GRHA)/ACNFs possess twice the carbon yield and thermally stable properties compared to other samples. Raman spectra, XRD, and FTIR analyses explained the chemical structures in all resultant gACNFs samples. The SEM and EDX results revealed the average fiber diameters of the gACNFs, ranging from 250 to 400 nm, and the successful incorporation of both GRHA and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) into the ACNFs' structures. The results revealed that ACNFs incorporated with GRHA possesses the highest specific surface area (SSA), of 384 m2/g, with high micropore volume, of 0.1580 cm3/g, which is up to 88% of the total pore volume. The GRHA/ACNF was found to be a better adsorbent for CH4 compared to pristine ACNFs and reduced graphene oxide (rGO/ACNF) as it showed sorption up to 66.40 mmol/g at 25 °C and 12 bar. The sorption capacity of the GRHA/ACNF was impressively higher than earlier reported studies on ACNFs and ACNF composites. Interestingly, the CH4 adsorption of all ACNF samples obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model at low pressure (4 bar), indicating the chemisorption behaviors. However, it obeyed the pseudo-first order at higher pressures (8 and 12 bar), indicating the physisorption behaviors. These results correspond to the textural properties that describe that the high adsorption capacity of CH4 at high pressure is mainly dependent upon the specific surface area (SSA), pore size distribution, and the suitable range of pore size.
  19. Fulltext Review on Nanocrystalline Cellulose in Bone Tissue Engineering Applications
    Murizan NIS, Mustafa NS, Ngadiman NHA, Mohd Yusof N, Idris A
    Polymers (Basel), 2020 Nov 27;12(12).
    PMID: 33261121 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122818
    Nanocrystalline cellulose is an abundant and inexhaustible organic material on Earth. It can be derived from many lignocellulosic plants and also from agricultural residues. They endowed exceptional physicochemical properties, which have promoted their intensive exploration in biomedical application, especially for tissue engineering scaffolds. Nanocrystalline cellulose has been acknowledged due to its low toxicity and low ecotoxicological risks towards living cells. To explore this field, this review provides an overview of nanocrystalline cellulose in designing materials of bone scaffolds. An introduction to nanocrystalline cellulose and its isolation method of acid hydrolysis are discussed following by the application of nanocrystalline cellulose in bone tissue engineering scaffolds. This review also provides comprehensive knowledge and highlights the contribution of nanocrystalline cellulose in terms of mechanical properties, biocompatibility and biodegradability of bone tissue engineering scaffolds. Lastly, the challenges for future scaffold development using nanocrystalline cellulose are also included.
  20. Fulltext Halloysite Nanotube-Ferrihydrite Incorporated Polyethersulfone Mixed Matrix Membrane: Effect of Nanocomposite Loading on the Antifouling Performance
    Wan Ikhsan SN, Yusof N, Mat Nawi NI, Bilad MR, Shamsuddin N, Aziz F, et al.
    Polymers (Basel), 2021 Jan 30;13(3).
    PMID: 33573140 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030441
    Membrane filtration is an attractive process in water and wastewater treatment, but largely restricted by membrane fouling. In this study, the membrane fouling issue is addressed by developing polyethersulfone (PES)-based mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) with the incorporation of hydrophilic nanoparticles as an additive. Ultrafiltration MMMs were successfully fabricated by incorporating different loadings of halloysite nanotube-ferrihydrates (HNT-HFO) into a polyethersulfone (PES) matrix and their performance was evaluated for the separation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution and oil/water emulsion. The results show that wettability is endowed to the membrane by introducing the additive aided by the presence of abundant -OH groups from the HFO. The loading of additive also leads to more heterogeneous surface morphology and higher pure water fluxes (516.33-640.82 L/m2h) more than twice that of the pristine membrane as reference (34.69 L/m2h) without affecting the rejection. The MMMs also provide much enhanced antifouling properties. The filtration results indicate that the flux recovery ratio of the modified membrane reached 100% by washing with only distilled water and a total flux recovery ratio of >98% ± 0.0471 for HNT-HFO-loaded membranes in comparison with 59% ± 0.0169 for pristine PES membrane.
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