Oleh kerana pelaksanaan pembelajaran sejarah yang berkesan dapat membentuk sikap belajar yang positif dalam kalangan murid, maka kajian tinjauan ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti tahap persepsi sikap belajar sejarah dari segi minat belajar sejarah, kebolehan belajar sejarah dan penggunaan bahan sejarah bagi murid yang mengikuti pembelajaran sejarah berasaskan penggunaan sumber sejarah, di samping untuk menentukan sama ada terdapat perbezaan min persepsi sikap belajar sejarah berdasarkan jantina. Seramai 55 orang murid Tingkatan Empat terlibat dalam kajian ini. Soal selidik yang telah diadaptasi yang telah disahkan oleh pakar-pakar penilai dalam bidang pendidikan sejarah serta mempunyai nilai kebolehpercayaan yang baik merupakan instrumen kajian ini. Data kajian ini telah dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensi iaitu ujian-t sampel berpasangan melalui perisian IBM SPSS. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa tahap persepsi sikap belajar sejarah dan ketiga-tiga konstruknya adalah tinggi. Selain itu, dapatan kajian ini juga telah melaporkan bahawa tidak terdapat perbezaan min persepsi sikap belajar sejarah berdasarkan jantina. Sikap belajar sejarah yang positif yang telah dipamerkan oleh murid-murid dalam kajian ini telah mencadangkan kepada guru-guru Sejarah untuk merekabentuk dan melaksanakan proses pembelajaran sejarah dengan menggunakan sumber sejarah secara intensif di dalam kelas selaras dengan matlamat kurikulum sejarah untuk membina minat terhadap mata pelajaran sejarah sebagai satu disiplin ilmu yang dinamik dan membina semangat patriotisme dalam mempertahankan kedaulatan negara.
Arabic language is an elective subject that is compulsory for religious-oriented students. One way to
master the language by practicing self-regulated learning that can prevent passive behavior among
students. However, it may be difficult to practice it if the school has less suitable facilities, equipment
and environment. In Malaysia, there are several types of schools that require Arabic language. In this
study, self-regulated learning will be compared based on three types of secondary schools namely
National Secondary School (SMK), National Religious Secondary School (SMKA) and State Religious
Secondary School (SMAN). The quantitative approach was used and the Motivated Strategies for
Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) as an instrument of this study. The data were collected from 542 form
four religious-oriented students in the three types of schools and processed through ANOVA analysis.
Overall, there was no significant difference in students’ self regulated learning and also one of it dimensions; self-regulation according to the type of school, however, the cognitive strategies use
dimension are significantly different. Therefore, stakeholders should pay attention to the provision of
facilities, equipment and environment that can stimulate self-regulated learning among students to
improve Arabic language performance.
Perdagangan lintas sempadan antara Sabah-Sarawak dan Kalimantan secara informal telah wujud sejak sebelumnya konfrontasi Indonesia berlaku pada tahun 1962-1966. Dalam hal ini, penyeludupan barangan di kawasan sempadan turut merupakan satu fenomena yang berterusan sehingga sekarang. Oleh itu, artikel ini ditulis bagi membincangkan mengenai fenomena penyeludupan barangan di kawasan sempadan dengan melihat kepada pandangan komuniti berkaitan permasalahan ini. Kajian ini menggunakan temu bual secara mendalam dan pemerhatian ke atas 15 orang informan bagi melihat kepada fenomena penyeludupan di kawasan kajian. Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa sejarah perdagangan dan kekeluargaan di kedua-dua kawasan mempunyai kaitan dengan berlangsungnya aktiviti penyeludupan barangan dalam kalangan komuniti sempadan. Persepsi daripada komuniti dan pihak penguatkuasa turut mempengaruhi kelangsungan fenomena tersebut disebabkan sejarah perdagangan dan hubungan kekeluargaan yang dimiliki oleh kedua-dua komuniti sempadan. Namun demikian, dari sudut pandang nasional, fenomena tersebut merupakan satu aktiviti yang menyalahi undang-undang yakni penyeludupan. Oleh itu, bertitik-tolak daripada faktor tersebut isu ini terus berlaku di kawasan kajian.
Rumah kedai bersejarah di Pantai Barat Sabah telah dibina ketika pentadbiran British North Borneo Company (Chatered) seawal akhir abad ke-19. Disebabkan usia bangunan ini ada yang melebihi 100 tahun menyebabkan timbul banyak isu dan ancaman seperti kemusnahan kerana bencana alam. Manakala pengubahsuaian yang tidak sensitif dan perobohan bangunan bersejarah ini bagi memberi laluan kepada pembangunan terkini merupakan ancaman manusia yang utama. Justeru, kajian ini akan membincangkan usaha dalam pemeliharaan dan perlindungan tinggalan bersejarah ini. Perbincangan turut memberi latar belakang sejarah pembinaan rumah kedai dengan menonjolkan keunikan seni binanya. Kajian ini akan menggunakan pendekatan sejarah dalam pengumpulan data dan analisis kritikal pengurusan warisan. Makalah ini diharap dapat menjelaskan bentuk isu dan pendekatan alternatif dalam memelihara dan melindungi bangunan rumah kedai bersejarah yang masih wujud di beberapa pekan dan bandar di Sabah.
Dictionary production is one of the most effective methods of preserving languages and cultures. The
Dusunic Family of Languages (DFL) in Sabah, Malaysia would have welcomed the efforts to
document their languages through dictionary production as there are still lacking of dictionary,
vocabulary and phrase books. Furthermore, more than half of the languages in DFL are unwritten.
However, making dictionary conventionally is tedious and time consuming. The Dusunic Family of
Languages which are facing extinction threats do not have the luxury of time to wait for dictionary
production via the conventional method. Hence, this study explores the use of a method called Root-
Oriented Words Generation (ROWG) which is formulated based on spelling orthography of DFL to
generate one and two-syllable words list. From the words list, root words registers were compiled
which can then be used as database for dictionary production. Findings of this study showed that
ROWG was able to generate an exhaustive word lists of DFL and compile a large volume of root
words register in DFL. Hence, this study was able to highlight the feasibility and viability of using
ROWG to produce root words register of DFL which could possibly reduce the time for dictionary
production significantly. In future studies, it is recommended that the ROWG is extended to include
more than two syllable words. This study showed the potentiality of ROWG to address the looming
demise of DFL by providing a more efficient way of compiling root words for the purpose of making a
dictionary.
Previous research has found that interaction processes between coach and athlete have always been the
strongest factor for sports performance. Other researches have drawn conclusions to other factors in the
coach-athlete relationship, such as culture and gender. Research has generally shown that effective
communication required the development of trust and respect between coach and athlete (Yukelson,
1984). The review focuses on an analysis of past literature on communication styles, culture, and
gender as potential key factors influencing the coach-athlete relationship. This review paper examined
studies specific to the empirical studies on athletes and coaches from the Western and Asian
perspectives. In particular, the review analysed empirical studies on communication, gender and
culture as potential factors influencing the coach-athlete relationship. The review concluded that while
various studies on the coach-athlete relationship had been done, a majority of the empirical studies
were within Western perspectives. Such empirical study is particularly under-researched in Malaysia.
Therefore, the paper concludes by suggesting that future research which explores the aspects of
communication styles, culture, and gender within the Malaysian context is timely.
Buayehor crocodile plays a very important role in the life of the Lundayeh society. Their belief in buayeh,which is a ferocious river reptile, has been with them since their existence for hundreds of years. During the headhunting period the animal symbolised an enemy that was defeated. On the other hand the crocodile also symbolises strength, heroism, fame andwealth. For instance, among the Lundayeh people, strength is when a person succeeds in chopping and bringing an enemy’s head after a war or headhunting expedition and is highly regarded as a hero and a grand celebration is held to welcome him. The whole community would participate in building a crocodile image made of earth where they would perform the fekuab,a heroic song which was led by a woman, followed by the warrior’s relatives and followers. The warrior and the hero of the day would then boast and recite a self-proclamation about his fame by cutting the effigy with a sword felefetwith all his might. In the case of wealth, only a man who succeeded in farming was able to build a huge Ulung Buayehor crocodile mound in the heath forest. In this paper therefore I will examine the manifestation of the quality of life for the Lundayeh people as elements of strength, heroism, fame and wealth which are represented in the oral literature through the image of buayeh.
The main purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between self-concept, family
relationship quality and externalizing behavior problem (aggressive behavior and delinquency
behavior) among adolescents in Selangor. Besides that, this study also to determine the level of selfconcept,
family relationship quality and externalizing behavior among secondary school students as
well as to compare the differences between these three variables according to sex. A total of 400
students (nmale =53%, nfemale=47%) from secondary schools were selected in this study. The multi-stage
cluster sampling technique was used during sample selection. Data were obtained from selfadministered
questionnaire that are consist of Individual Protective Factors Index Questionnaire
(1992), Family Relationship Characteristics (1997), Aggression Scale (2001) and Problem Behavior
Frequency Scale (1977). The findings revealed that majority of students have moderate level of selfconcept,
family relationship quality as well as externalizing behavior. In terms of sex differences, the
results showed that family belief, family structure and externalizing behavior have significant
differences according to sex (t= -4.393 to 7.588, p
Previous studies approved that not all lesson activities are suitable for gifted and talented students.
This study is designed to identify what are the proper musical activities that can fill the needs of gifted
and talented students in Malaysia. The research sample is among gifted and talented students from the
whole Malaysia who are studying in Pusat PERMATApintar Negara. Result in this study may be used
as reference for educators who want to teach music on gifted and talented children, so that educators
may choose the right and effective activities to implement on those children. Therefore, the researcher
collects data using Focus Group Discussion Techique,and Indepth Interview on gifted and talented
children who had experienced music in formal class. Observation is also conducted in music classes in
Pusat PERMATApintar Negara to identify their behavioral on the musical activities conducted. Result
reveals that all the students believe the most proper musical activities are playing musical instruments, performance, music theory and singing. Teachers may attract students’ attention by using interactive
learning apparatus, relates theory and practical, and justify the importance of music study.
Logistics development of Malaysian Armed Forces (ATM) involving the Malaysian Army (TDM),
Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) and Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF) have been developed since
1957. Since the 1990s, ATM has been through the process of modernization which is can seen through
the rapid and strong capabilities in logistics aspect. Defense policy development has involved the
development of the logistical aspects of ATM. Purchasing of defense equipments such as the most
modern warship in Armed Force in 1990, Scorpene submarines, fighter aircraft which is used by the
developed countries such as the MiG-29, FA/18 Hornet and Sukhoi 30MKM, battle tanks from Poland
and so on with the transfer package technology is essential to ensure that the principle of self-reliance
defense ATM can be achieved. This process has force the government to allocate a large amount of
money in providing modern logistics equipments so it can be used to the maximum by the defense forces. In fact, the development of the defense and Malaysian Armed Forces (ATM) also growing
along with the development of technology, defense policy, doctrine of current world logistics. However
the logistics development has raised questions because of the capabilty of logistic and Malaysian
Armed Forces (ATM) itself which are caused various accidents and issues affecting ATM.
The practice of development planning does not empower the local authority to prepare a development
plan, as planning and development control is under the jurisdiction of the State Planning Authority
(SPA). Rapid growth in the housing sector shows a positive indicator towards urbanization in Sarawak.
This study showed that the current centralised process is fair to all parties, for it ensures equilibrium in
all areas. Beside that, the study also found that there is some confusion in the roles played by the
involved parties. The study also identified few problems that often occur, among them complicated
procedures, slow approval process, bureaucracy, and risks in planning and marketing. However, the
practice of development planning is concerned with aspects quality and quantity so as not to burden the
purchaser. The state government, through the SPA, controls the price of housing to ensure equilibrium
and to avoid the occurrence of abandoned housing projects.
The participation of the local community in the decision-making activity has its own significant role in
determining that every decision made, centralizes on the needs of the local community. Such an
involvement is admittedly crucial in ensuring that every program held is “blessed” by the local
community and wins their support and cooperation in rendering success to the program. In relation to
this, this article aims at recognizing the participation of the Iban community in the decision-making
activities with regards to the poverty eradication programs (or People’s Welfare Development Scheme)
implemented in the district of Song, Sarawak. To meet this objective, the survey method has been
adopted to obtain the information important for the study. The questionnaire forms were distributed to
260 Iban community’s Heads of Household at the longhouse. The data obtained were then analysed
using the descriptive statistics through SPSS. All in all, the discovery of this study points to the fact
that the majority of the Heads of Household (90.0%) have had participated in at least one decisionmaking
activity in relation to the implementation of the programs under the SPKR or the People’s
Welfare Development Scheme. The study finding also shows that the Heads of Household participated
in the program’s decision-making activities have pointed out that they occasionally make their voices
heard and are involved in ways such as attending the meeting, representing the locals in the
discussions, giving opinion in the discussions, managing the conflict that emerges out of the program
implementation and posing questions in the discussion of the program under the scheme mentioned.
Notwithstanding, the findings also establish that many of the Heads of the Household admitted that
they had never taken part in the planning of work, evaluating or troubleshooting that might occur in the
execution of the program, in the resolution of implementation issues and in the decision-making on the
program implementation under this scheme.
The ability to enhance the entrepreneurial skills of small entrepreneurs is the key factor to the increase
in business. Nevertheless, previous literature showed that there is less current study which focused on
the methods to improve entrepreneurial skills using Biofeedback techniques among entrepreneurs in
Malaysia. Thus, this study was aimed to: 1) Identifying the demographic background of small
entrepreneurs, 2) Identify management capabilities among entrepreneurs in entrepreneurial skills and 3) Identify the profile of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) among small entrepreneurs through increased the
HF coherence. A total of 50 respondents of small entrepreneurs were recruited in this study. The data
collected involved a questionnaire survey with participants, profit and sales analysis and analysis of
HRV. Statistical correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between entrepreneurial
skills and business insights from the point of HRV. The finding shows that there is a very strong
relationship between the increases in entrepreneurial skills from an increase in business with the profile
of HRV among participants with the score of 0.80-1.00. This showed that HRV Biofeedback training
technique is appropriate to be used as an intervention program to increse entrepreneurship skills among
small entrepreneurs in Malaysia.
Malay beliefs’ system is based on inherited traditions. But, after the arrival of the religious system in
the archipelago, religion become one of the basic beliefs of the Malay community. There was a clash
between traditional cultural practices and religious practices in the Malay community. This creates a
third form of belief based on popular culture. Since then, Malay community practice rituals based on
the popular belief. This idea originally created by Mohd Taib Osman (1989) in developing a conceptual
model of the Malay community belief systems. In fact there is some sort of confusion among the Malay
community in response to popular belief practices as religious practices. This study examines how the
popular belief is represented through local horror films in three phase which are first phase (1957-
1967), second phase (1980-1990) and third phase (2001-2011). In addition, the transformation of popular belief representation through local horror films in this three different phase will also be
identified.
Kaum wanita sebagai figura dunia merupakan satu pengikitirafan dan penghormatan tertinggi bagi mereka. Beberapa ‘figura’ wanita dunia dijadikan sebagai unit analisis untuk mengkategorikan gaya komunikasi yang diaplikasi dalam melaksanakan tanggungjawab sebagai ketua kerajaan dan juga sebagai idola masyarakat dunia.Salah satu ciri untuk menjadi figura dan pemimpin yang berkesan adalah dengan mengamalkan gaya komunikasi yang difikirkan sesuai berdasarkan persoalan tentang Siapa, Di mana dan Bagaimana gaya komunikasi tersebut diaplikasikan. Gaya komunikasi merupakan satu wadahyang digunakan bukan sahaja untuk memastikan kelancaran perjalanan pengurusan sesebuah organisasi namun juga penting dalam urusan hal ehwal tadbir melibatkan kerajaan sesebuah negara serta ketika berhadapan dengan khalayak. “The way you lead is thru the way you speak” merupakan falsafah budaya kepemimpinan yang menjadi asas kepada kertas kerja ini. Konsep kertas kerja ini adalah berpaksikan kepada enam gaya komunikasi oleh Tubbs dan Moss (2008) dengan menggunakan kaedah analisis dokumen. Kertas kerja ini juga akan memberikan pemahaman yang lebih jelas tentang gaya komunikasi yang diamalkan oleh ‘figura’wanita dunia dalam melaksanakan praktis pengurusan dan pentadbiran kerajaan, organisasi yang diwakili mahupun sewaktu mereke perlu berhadapan dengan publik. Kertas kerja ini diharapkan mampu untuk menjadi perintis agar satu kajian yang lebih mendalam berkaitan karisma wanita samaada sebagai ketua kerajaan mahupun “public figure”daripada aspek komunikasi dapat dilakukan pada masa akan datang
Unemployment issue is becoming a factor which causes relapses especially among former drug addicts
that has undergone rehabilitation. Therefore, this paperwork seek to unfold and discuss degree of
relationships between introvert and extrovert personality with career interest according to six RIASEC
major field to drug addicts. Research objective are to identify the relationship between introvert and
extrovert personality with career interest among drug addicts in Sabah. Most of the respondent in
treatment center has no knowledge about their own personality in career development especially after
finishing treatment thus causing relapse due to failure of getting the right employment for themselves.
It is considered serious due to economic and life instability are one of the factor which contribute to
relapse among drug addicts. Occupation or career selection are constantly highlighted as one of the
major problem in former drug addict life. This shows that a careful career selection needs to be done. Career process are also continuous process of involvement to help self-development especially in line
of job they do. Therefore, it is hopeful that this research could give valuable impact and use to drug
addicts rehabilitation authority with implementation of career guidance to clients hence assisting them
in making effective career choice in the future.
Human resource development comprises skills, abilities, creativity and talent are amongst factors in
human capital as well as emulous aspect. Hence, the emphasis on human capital development and
emulous aspect is important to become a good leader for family, community and country. It is also
important in ensuring entrepreneurs can compete in market economy today and they are able to meet
customer demand. Thus, the objectives are the emphasis on the factors that are able to contribute in
improving human capital and emulous of women. This is because, the right factor will enable the government to carry out in accordance with the factors that have been identified. In obtaining the
factors contribute to human capital development, the survey method was conducted on 145 respondents
among Bumiputera women entrepreneurs in Melaka state and supported with qualitative data from 10
informants. The findings through exploratory factor analysis found that there are four main factors that
contribute to human capital development among Bumiputera women entrepreneurs which are
education and training, experience, social support and creativity, while three main factors that
contribute to emulous among Bumiputera women entrepreneurs are financial assistance, facilities and
infrastructure and commitment. Thus, the government is advised to emphasize on education and
training as well as financial assistance to improve their abilities on human capital and emulous that is
appropriate to support the women entrepreneurs need to increase their performance.
This study aimed to examine the influence of self-regulation as mediator of internet behavior and
perceptions of risky sexual behavior among public university students. The method used is by survey.
The research tools used include the Persepsi Tingkah laku Seksual Berisiko, the Internet Sex Screening
Test, and the Adolescent Self-Regulation Inventory. The sample consisted of 882 Public University
students selected using simple random sampling techniques. The collected data were analyzed using
SPSS 25.0 package. The result shows that self-regulation had a significant mediating effect on internet
behavior on responding to risky sexual behavior. This effect can be identified primarily in one of the
dimensions of online behavior, which is online sexual spending. The result obtained are very important
to prove that self-regulation among students has a mediating effect on their behavior while surfing the internet with perceptions of risky sexual behavior. The results of the study can also enhance students'
understanding and awareness of the role of self-regulation in defining goals and actions. Universities
can use research information to design programs that enhance student self regulation as they are among
the professional groups that inherit the nation's development.
Kajian secara deskriptif ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti tahap penjanaan aplikasi strategi kemahiran pemikiran sejarah melalui aktiviti analisis sumber-sumber dokumen teks sejarah. Seramai 55 orang murid Tingkatan Empat yang berbeza tahap pemikiran kritis terlibat dalam kajian ini. Soal selidik kemahiran pemikiran sejarah dan ujian pemikiran kritis yang diadaptasi merupakan instrumen kajian ini. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa tahap penjanaan aplikasi strategi kemahiran pemikiran sejarah melalui aktiviti analisis sumber-sumber dokumen teks sejarah berada pada tahap tinggi. Selain itu, murid berpemikiran kritis tinggi mempamerkan tahap yang lebih tinggi berbanding dengan murid berpemikiran kritis rendah. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan sumber rujukan kepada guru-guru dalam merancang kaedah pengajaran yang inovatif selaras dengan pelaksanaan strategi pembelajaran abad ke-21 dalam pendidikan sejarah.
Kajian ini dilaksanakan adalah untuk mengenal pasti pengurusan panitia, kualiti pengajaran dan komitmen guru terhadap pencapaian Bahasa Melayu di Negeri Sabah. Pengurusan panitia dilihat dalam aspek prinsip pengurusan panitia, sifat kendiri dan kemahiran pengurusan. Manakala kualiti pengajaran pula dilihat dari sudut dimensi persediaan pengajaran, penyampaian pengajaran dan aspek tingkah laku. Seterusnya pemboleh ubah komitmen kerja dilihat dari aspek kesediaan untuk kekal dalam organisasi dan kesediaan untuk memenuhi matlamat organisasi. Dalam kajian ini, penyelidik telah menggunakan Teori Pengurusan Saintifik Taylor, Teori Vroom dan Teori Side Bet. Pengkaji telah menggumpul sebanyak 335 soal selidik yang telah dijawab dalam kalangan responden guru yang mengajar Bahasa Melayu dan mewakili seluruh sekolah menengah bantuan penuh kerajaan di Negeri Sabah dengan mengunakan persampelan berkelompok, persampelan kluster dan persampelan rawak mudah. Manakala data pula dianalisis menggunakan program SPSS for Windows Versi 25.0 Ujian regrasi berganda menunjukkan bahawa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pengurusan panitia dan pencapaian Bahasa Melayu R2 =.485 dan pengaruh Kualiti pengajaran terhadap pencapaian Bahasa Melayu R2 =.646. Manakala pengaruh komitmen kerja terhadap pencapaian Bahasa Melayu menunjukkan nilai pengaruh R2 =.586. Seterusnya dalam analisis regrasi hierarki didapati bahawa konstruk tingkah laku pengajaran guru di bilik darjah memberi sumbangan yang paling besar iaitu sebanyak 41.0% terhadap pencapaian Bahasa Melayu. Pengkaji turut mencadangkan agar pihak berwajib bersama-sama mengembleng tenaga untuk memastikan pencapaian pelajar dalam mata pelajaran Bahasa Melayu sentiasa cemerlang sejajar dengan taraf Bahasa Melayu sebagai Bahasa Kebangsaan.