Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 229 in total

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  1. Detection of antiphospholipid autoantibody in systemic lupus erythematosus is temperature-dependent
    Cheng HM, Wang F
    Immunol Invest, 1989 11 1;18(9-10):1121-7.
    PMID: 2613288
    Non-reactive SLE sera in an ELISA for anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) retested positive in the immunoassay when the sera were first heat-inactivated at 56 degrees C for 30 minutes. This was not a false positive phenomenon since the positive ELISA reactivity of the heated SLE sera was markedly reduced by inhibition with the cardiolipin antigen. Furthermore, the heat-potentiated ELISA reaction was abolished by prior IgG depletion of the SLE sera with Protein A preparation. The unmasked aCL in the heat-treated SLE sera also exhibited selective binding in ELISA to other negatively-charged phospholipids, namely phosphatidylserine and phosphatidic acid but not against either phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidyl-ethanolamine. The data strongly indicate an interaction between antiphospholipid antibodies and heat-sensitive serum component(s), a reduction of the latter resulting in the ELISA detection of the autoantibody.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology*
  2. Fulltext Dietary calcium and bone mineral density in premenopausal women with systemic lupus erythematosus
    Chong HC, Chee SS, Goh EM, Chow SK, Yeap SS
    Clin Rheumatol, 2007 Feb;26(2):182-5.
    PMID: 16565892 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-006-0258-6
    The primary objective of this study was to determine the relationship between dietary calcium intake and bone mineral density (BMD) in premenopausal women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on corticosteroids (CS). The secondary aim was to identify other risk factors for osteoporosis in these patients. A cross-sectional sample of patients attending the SLE Clinic at a teaching hospital was recruited. BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Daily dietary calcium intake was assessed using a structured validated food frequency questionnaire, in which patients were asked to estimate their food intake based on their recent 2-month dietary habits. Sixty subjects were recruited with a mean age of 33.70+/-8.46 years. The median duration of CS use was 5.5 years (range 0.08-24). The median cumulative dose of steroids was 17.21 g (range 0.16-91.37). The median daily dietary calcium intake was 483 mg (range 78-2101). There was no significant correlation between calcium intake and BMD, even after correcting for CS use. There were also no correlations between BMD and the duration of SLE, cumulative CS use, duration of CS use, smoking, alcohol intake, and SLE disease activity index score. Twenty-eight (46.7%) patients had normal BMD, 28 (46.7%) had osteopenia, and four (6.6%) had osteoporosis. Duration of SLE significantly correlated with cumulative CS dosage. In conclusion, 6.7% of these Asian premenopausal SLE women had osteoporosis and only 46.7% had normal BMD. Daily dietary calcium intake did not correlate with BMD.
    Study site: SLE clinic, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/metabolism*; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/physiopathology
  3. Disease Expression and HLA Types in Early and Late Onset Disease of Malaysian Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
    Radzi AM, Huan KS, Yahaya N, Shahera A, Kong N, Mohd Noah R
    Malays J Med Sci, 2001 Jul;8(2):32-9.
    PMID: 22893758
    Age has been suggested to modify systemic lupus erythematosus expression. In this study we have attempted to study 13 patients with late onset (40 years and above) and 90 with early onset disease (below 40 years) to determine whether age-related differences in disease expression exist and whether the genetic make-up influences the age of disease onset. We found that patients with late onset disease initially presented with pericarditis (31% vs 3%, P<0.005) and a lower incidence of malar rash (31% vs 57%, p<0.05). During the disease course, there was a lower incidence of mucocutaneous symptoms especially malar rash (p<0.005) and psychosis (p<0.05) in the late onset group. Serological parameters were similar in both groups. There was a prevalence of HLA-DQA1*0103 in Chinese patients with late onset disease (pcorr=0.004). These findings suggest that a subgroup of late onset patients may experience milder disease and that the risk conferred by the HLA-DQA1*0103 may be significant among these patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
  4. Disease activity and damage in hospitalized lupus patients: a Sabah perspective
    Selvananda S, Chong YY, Thundyil RJ
    Lupus, 2020 Mar;29(3):344-350.
    PMID: 32046576 DOI: 10.1177/0961203320904155
    OBJECTIVE: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex multi-systemic autoimmune disease with variable levels of activity that may wax and wane within the same patient over the years. In view of the scarcity of data about lupus in the East Malaysian population, we aimed to study the disease activity and damage index in patients with SLE hospitalized in a tertiary center in Sabah, East Malaysia.

    METHODS: We retrospectively studied all patients with SLE admitted from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2015. Demographic data, clinical features, treatment received, SLEDAI and SLICC/ACR (Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology) criteria and outcomes were collected.

    RESULTS: There were 108 patients studied whereby 88.9% were females. They had a mean age of 31.4 ± 11.02 years at admission and were multiethnic in origin. The mean number of ACR criteria for SLE was 5.03 ± 1.5 at the time of diagnosis. There were 158 hospitalizations during the 3 years. The main causes of hospitalization were flare of SLE (66.5%), infection (57.6%), renal biopsy (15.5%) and others (11.4%). Active nephritis (65%), cutaneous (44.4%) and hematological involvement (40.2%) were the three commonest manifestations. There was concurrent flare of SLE and infection in 41.1% of the admissions. The mean SLEDAI score at admission was 10.8 ± 7.20, with a mean SLEDAI of 9.3 ± 6.9 in those without damage and 11.9 ± 7.21 in those with damage (p-value = 0.026). The median SLICC score was 1 with a mean of 0.93 ± 1.07. There were nine deaths (5.6%) during the study period and all patients were females. Compared with those who survived, they had a significantly higher SLEDAI score of 15.80 ± 8.2 (p-value = 0.0207) and a SLICC score of 2.70 ± 1.6 (p-value <0.001).

    CONCLUSION: SLE is more common among the indigenous population of Sabah, the Kadazan-Dusun, which has not been shown before this study. Disease characteristics were, however, similar to reports from the Asia-Pacific region. Acute flare of SLE and infection remained the main causes of admission and readmissions and was present in 44.4% of the mortalities in our cohort.

    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/classification*; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis*
  5. Fulltext Drug reaction with herbal supplement: a possible case of drug induced lupus erythematosus
    Muthupalaniappen L, Jamani N, Muhammad M, Adawiyah J, Aziz N
    Malays Fam Physician, 2010;5(2):99-100.
    PMID: 25606196 MyJurnal
    A 24-year-old lady presented with four days history of fever, non-pruritic rash, ankle pain and swelling. She had consumed herbal supplement five days before the onset of symptoms. Examinations revealed erythematous maculo-papular lesions of varying sizes on sun exposed areas. Patient was suspected to have Drug Induced Lupus Erythematosus (DILE) and subsequently symptoms subsided rapidly on withholding the herbal medication.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
  6. Early damage as measured by SLICC/ACR damage index is a predictor of hospitalization in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
    Raman L, Yahya F, Ng CM, Sockalingam S, Ramasamy K, Ratnam R, et al.
    Lupus, 2020 Dec;29(14):1885-1891.
    PMID: 33040647 DOI: 10.1177/0961203320962848
    BACKGROUND: Hospital admissions and re-admissions in lupus patients are common occurrences that can lead to poor prognosis.

    OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the leading causes of all-cause hospitalizations and their predictive factors in the Malaysian multi-ethnic SLE patients.

    METHODS: This is a retrospective study involving 300 SLE patients. Demographic data and details of hospitalizations from the year 1988 until 2019 were reviewed. Baseline and latest disease activity (SLEDAI-2 K) and SLICC/ACR damage index (SDI) scores were evaluated. To be eligible for this study, their SLE diagnosis and disease duration was at least one year; this is to ensure that the baseline disease damages were measured at least after 6 months of diagnosis and subsequent disease damage indexes were captured.

    RESULTS: Majority were of Chinese ethnicity 150 (50%). The cohort's median age was 48 (18-82) years and median disease duration was 13 (1-52) years. 133 (44.3%) had SDI score of ≥1 at baseline (early damage). 69 (23%) had developed new organ damage during this study period.There were 222 (74%) patients ever hospitalized from this cohort. The main cause of hospitalization was lupus flare which included concurrent infection (n = 415 admissions, 46%), followed by elective admissions for procedures and others (n = 284 admissions, 31.5%). Admissions for treatment and disease related complications were 13.8%. 8.7% of admissions were due to infections alone. Median length of stay for SLE-related cause admissions was longer compared to non-SLE related causes. Jointly predictive factors for hospitalization were anti-phospholipid syndrome (OR 5.82), anti-Smith (OR 6.30), anti-SSA (OR 3.37), serositis (OR 14.56), neurological (OR 5.52) and high baseline SDI (OR 1.74), all p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
  7. Fulltext Early results of total knee replacements: "a clinical and radiological evaluation"
    Dhillon KS, Jamal A, Bhupinderjeet S
    Med J Malaysia, 1993 Dec;48(4):427-35.
    PMID: 8183167
    From March 1986 to June 1992, 100 primary total knee arthroplasties were done in 69 patients. The demographic data and complications were analysed in these 69 patients. The first 50 knees with a minimal follow-up of one year (range 1-6 years) were analysed in more detail according to the International Knee Society Rating System. Detailed radiological evaluation was also carried out to assess positioning of the components. There were 79 knees with osteoarthritis, 20 knees with rheumatoid arthritis and one with Systemic Lupus Erythromatosus (SLE). The knee score was poor in all knees pre-operatively. Post-operatively 78% had good to excellent score and the other 22% had fair knee score. However the functional score remained poor in 50% of the knees. Ideal tibio-femoral alignment was obtained in 68% of the knees. Twenty four percent of the knees had 0.4 degrees of varus and eight percent had 10-12 degrees valgus. Complication rate was low with 1% of infection (one knee). Overall early results were satisfactory.
    Study site; University Hospital Kuala Lumpur (University Malaya Medical Centre)
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
  8. Fulltext Elevated interleukin-25 and its association to Th2 cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus with lupus nephritis
    Selvaraja M, Abdullah M, Arip M, Chin VK, Shah A, Amin Nordin S
    PLoS One, 2019;14(11):e0224707.
    PMID: 31697750 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224707
    Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that is associated with lupus nephritis, initiated by the deposition of immune complexes in the kidney; subsequently, this induces the overexpression of cytokines. Lupus nephritis is known as one of the major clinical manifestations that affect the disease severity in SLE patients. An increased number of resident periglomerular and immune cells in the kidney has the potential to affect the equilibrium of different immune cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, Th17, and Tregs, which may be central to the induction of tissue damage in kidney by exerting either proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects, or both. This equilibrium has yet to be confirmed, as new players such as IL-25 remain undiscovered. IL-25 is a cytokine of the IL-17 family, which stimulates Th2-mediated immune response when overly expressed. Thus, the aim of this research is to determine the plasma levels of IL-25 and Th2-associated cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13) in SLE patients with (SLE-LN) and without lupus nephritis. Sixty-four (n = 64) SLE patients and fifteen (n = 15) healthy individuals were recruited. This study demonstrated that the IL-9, IL-10 and IL-25 had significantly increased expressions in SLE-LN, followed by SLE without LN, compared to healthy controls. Meanwhile, IL-5 and IL-6 had significantly reduced. No significant difference was observed with IL-13, while the level of IL-4 was undetectable. Furthermore, IL-9 and IL-10 were significantly correlated with the IL-25, and IL-25, IL-9 and IL-10 were positively correlated with the disease severity score, SLEDAI. In conclusion, IL-25 and its associated Th2 cytokines (IL-9 and IL-10) may be involved in SLE pathogenesis. These cytokines could be potential biomarkers in monitoring and predicting the disease severity during SLE pathogenesis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/blood; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology*
  9. Fulltext Ethnic distribution of patients with S.L.E. seen in university hospital, Kuala Lumpur 1967--1976
    Frank AO
    Med J Malaysia, 1980 Mar;34(3):230-7.
    PMID: 7412664
    Following the opening of the University Hospital of the University of Malaya in 1967, over 126,000 patients (excluding obstetric patients) have been admitted. A retrospective review, run concurrently with a prospective study, of over 200 patients thought to have suffered from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) revealed that, up until the 31st December 1975, 175 patients fulfilled the criteria for the diagnosis of SLE. There was a highly significant increase in the diagnosis of SLE over this period among Chinese patients compared to all other races, and no significant differencein the diagnosis of SLE among Indian and Malay patients. A review of the literature revealed that SLE appears to be a worldwide disease, reported frequently from Chinese communities but infrequently from tropical Africa. It is concluded that SLE is more common in the Chinese from Peninsular Malaysia than the other races, and that a careful study of geographical and racial factors in SLE may contribute to further understanding of its pathogenesis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/epidemiology*
  10. Fulltext Evaluation of SLE susceptibility genes in Malaysians
    Molineros JE, Chua KH, Sun C, Lian LH, Motghare P, Kim-Howard X, et al.
    Autoimmune Dis, 2014;2014:305436.
    PMID: 24696779 DOI: 10.1155/2014/305436
    Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a clinically heterogeneous autoimmune disease with strong genetic and environmental components. Our objective was to replicate 25 recently identified SLE susceptibility genes in two distinct populations (Chinese (CH) and Malays (MA)) from Malaysia. We genotyped 347 SLE cases and 356 controls (CH and MA) using the ImmunoChip array and performed an admixture corrected case-control association analysis. Associated genes were grouped into five immune-related pathways. While CH were largely homogenous, MA had three ancestry components (average 82.3% Asian, 14.5% European, and 3.2% African). Ancestry proportions were significantly different between cases and controls in MA. We identified 22 genes with at least one associated SNP (P < 0.05). The strongest signal was at HLA-DRA (P Meta = 9.96 × 10(-9); P CH = 6.57 × 10(-8), P MA = 6.73 × 10(-3)); the strongest non-HLA signal occurred at STAT4 (P Meta = 1.67 × 10(-7); P CH = 2.88 × 10(-6), P MA = 2.99 × 10(-3)). Most of these genes were associated with B- and T-cell function and signaling pathways. Our exploratory study using high-density fine-mapping suggests that most of the established SLE genes are also associated in the major ethnicities of Malaysia. However, these novel SNPs showed stronger association in these Asian populations than with the SNPs reported in previous studies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic*
  11. Fulltext Evaluation of endothelial cell adhesion molecules and anti-C1q antibody in discriminating between active and non-active systemic lupus erythematosus
    Mahayidin H, Yahya NK, Wan Ghazali WS, Mohd Ismail A, Wan Ab Hamid WZ
    Malays J Med Sci, 2016 May;23(3):22-31.
    PMID: 27418866
    BACKGROUND: Detecting the active state of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is important but challenging. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of serum endothelial cell adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) and anti-C1q antibody in discriminating between active and non-active SLE.
    METHODS: Using SELENA-SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI), 95 SLE patients (45 active and 50 non-active) were assessed. A score above five was considered indicative of active SLE. The blood samples were tested for serum ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and anti-C1q antibody using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
    RESULTS: The levels of serum VCAM-1 and anti-C1q antibody were significantly higher in active SLE patients. Both VCAM-1 and anti-C1q were able to discriminate between active and non-active SLE (p-value < 0.001 and 0.005, respectively). From the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs) constructed, the optimal cut-off values for VCAM-1 and anti-C1q antibody in discriminating between active and non-active SLE were 30.5 ng/mL (69.0% sensitivity, 60.0% specificity, PPV 58.5%, NPV 66.7%) and 7.86 U/mL (75.6% sensitivity, 80% specificity, PPV 77.3%, NPV 78.4%), respectively. However, serum ICAM-1 level was unable to discriminate between the two groups (p-value = 0.193).
    CONCLUSION: Anti-C1q antibody demonstrated the best diagnostic accuracy in discriminating between active and non-active SLE patients.
    KEYWORDS: anti-C1q antibody; cell adhesion molecules; intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1); systemic lupus erythematosus; vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
  12. Fulltext Exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus in a patient with concomitant chronic plaque psoriasis treated with ustekinumab
    Goh SW, Jamil A, Nor NM, Cader RA, Shaharir SS
    Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol, 2019 12 12;86(1):68-70.
    PMID: 31823905 DOI: 10.4103/ijdvl.IJDVL_961_18
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications*; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/pathology*
  13. Fulltext Extragonadal germ cell tumor presenting in a woman with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report
    Shahrir M, Halim A, Zainudin S, Mohamad R, Yuen LC, Saidin R, et al.
    J Med Case Rep, 2010;4:97.
    PMID: 20338049 DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-4-97
    Germ cell tumor of the pituitary gland is a very rare occurrence.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
  14. Factors associated with increased white matter hyperintense lesion (WMHI) load in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
    Shaharir SS, Osman SS, Md Rani SA, Sakthiswary R, Said MSM
    Lupus, 2018 Jan;27(1):25-32.
    PMID: 28467290 DOI: 10.1177/0961203317707062
    Introduction White matter hyperintense (WMHI) lesions are the most common finding in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Objective The objective of this article is to determine the clinical factors associated with an increase in WMHI lesion load among SLE patients. Method A total of 83 SLE patients with MRI of the brain from National University of Malaysia Medical Centre were included. The WMHI lesion load was determined using the Scheltens score and Fazekas scale, and their distribution was divided into the deep white matter (DWMHI) and periventricular (PVH) regions. The clinical correlates of WMHI lesions were initially determined using univariate analyses and subsequently multivariable regression analyses were performed to determine the independent factors of increased WMHI lesion load. Results MRI of the brain of 46 patients who had WMHI lesions were compared with 37 patients with normal MRI. We found significant association between the presence of WMHI lesions and age, presence of cerebral infarcts, positive antiphospholipid antibody (aPL), active disease, neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE) and disease damage. Age, SLEDAI scores, cerebral infarcts and disease damage were significantly associated with higher DWMHI and PVH Scheltens scores. Meanwhile, patients with active lupus nephritis (LN), lower serum albumin and more severe proteinuria were associated with larger Fazekas WMHI lesions. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that the independent factors associated with presence of WMHI lesions were positive aPL and SLEDAI scores ( p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic*
  15. Fc gamma receptor IIIB-NA gene frequencies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and healthy individuals of Malay and Chinese ethnicity
    Yap SN, Phipps ME, Manivasagar M, Bosco JJ
    Immunol Lett, 1999 Jun 01;68(2-3):295-300.
    PMID: 10424435
    The neutrophil antigen (NA)1 and 2 is coded by two recognized allelic forms of Fc gamma receptor IIIB (FcgammaRIIIB). FcgammaRIIIb is a low affinity receptor and preferentially removes immune complexes from the circulation. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune and polygenic disorder characterized by accumulation of autoimmune complexes. The majority of SLE patients in our medical center are of Chinese ethnicity, followed by Malay and Indian. Recently, studies have focussed on the Fc receptors in different ethnic groups and their relation to SLE. We chose to study the gene distribution of this receptor in the Chinese and Malays population in Malaysia. We designed a polymerase chain reaction allele specific primers (PCR-ASP) method to distinguish the two allelic forms. Genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood of 183 Chinese and 55 Malays SLE patients as well as 100 Chinese and 50 Malays healthy controls. Genotyping of Chinese SLE patients revealed that the gene frequencies for FcgammaRIIIB-NA1 and FcgammaRIIIB-NA2 were 0.648 and 0.347, while in the ethnically matched healthy controls they were 0.68 and 0.32, respectively. One out of the 183 Chinese SLE patients was identified as a NA-null due to the absence of PCR product for both alleles. The FcgammaRIIIB-NA1 and FcgammaRIIIB-NA2 allele frequencies for both the Malays SLE and healthy controls were 0.62 and 0.38.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/genetics*
  16. FcgammaRIIa polymorphism in systemic lupus erythematosus
    Tan SY
    Kidney Blood Press Res, 2000;23(2):138-42.
    PMID: 10765117 DOI: 10.1159/000025967
    FcgammaRIIs are the most widely distributed of the Fcgamma receptor family and play an important role in the clearance of immune complexes. Evidence that the FcgammaRIIa-R131 allotype is less able to process and clear immune complexes effectively suggests that this may be a disease susceptibility factor for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Data from studies published thus far do not agree on the potential role of FcgammaRIIa polymorphism in the genetics of SLE. Most studies in fact show no evidence for any correlation between polymorphism of FcgammaRIIa and risk for SLE. However, it remains to be determined whether FcgammaRIIa polymorphism may play a critical role in certain groups of patients, especially in those of differing ethnic background. Polymorphism of FcgammaRIIa may also be important in determining disease phenotype, and identification of this influence may have important implications in patient care and in identifying patients for more aggressive therapy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/genetics*
  17. Fulltext Frequency and predictors of the lupus low disease activity state in a multi-national and multi-ethnic cohort
    Golder V, Kandane-Rathnayake R, Hoi AY, Huq M, Louthrenoo W, An Y, et al.
    Arthritis Res Ther, 2016 11 09;18(1):260.
    PMID: 27829463 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-1163-2
    BACKGROUND: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic heterogeneous disease with considerable burden from disease activity and damage. A novel clinical treatment target in the form of the lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS) has been recently reported, with retrospective validation showing that time spent in LLDAS translates to reduced damage accrual. The objectives of this study were to describe the frequency and identify the predictors of attaining LLDAS in a large multinational cohort of patients with SLE.
    METHODS: Data were collected at the recruitment visit in patients with SLE enrolled in a longitudinal study in nine countries. Data were analysed cross-sectionally against the recently published definition of LLDAS, and the frequency and characteristics associated with presence of LLDAS were determined. Stepwise multivariable logistic regression was used to determine predictors of LLDAS.
    RESULTS: Of the 1846 patients assessed, criteria for LLDAS were met by 44 %. Patients with shorter disease duration were less likely to be in LLDAS (OR 0.31, 95 % CI 0.19-0.49, p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/epidemiology*; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/pathology*
  18. Frequency and role of low molecular weight IgM in systemic lupus erythematosus. Study of patients from different ethnic origins
    Roberts-Thomson PJ, Shepherd K, Bradley J, Boey ML
    Rheumatol Int, 1990;10(3):95-8.
    PMID: 2392640
    Low molecular weight IgM (LMW IgM) is the monomeric subunit of the naturally occurring pentameric IgM. It is not seen in health but has been previously observed in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) particularly in those patients with active disease and may reflect an adverse prognostic finding. We have therefore studied the presence of LMW IgM in 33 Chinese or Malay SLE patients (Singapore) and 21 Caucasian patients (Adelaide). LMW IgM was measured using filtration chromatography or by a sensitive immunoblotting technique. LMW IgM was observed in all patients in the Adelaide group and in 32 patients in the Singapore group with slightly greater quantities being seen in the Adelaide group. LMW IgM constituted up to 15.3% of the total IgM and was frequently associated with the presence of other low molecular weight IgM oligomers. In both groups LMW IgM correlated significantly with the total IgM levels (P less than 0.01). In a more detailed study in the Singapore group LMW IgM also correlated significantly with the IgM anticardiolipin levels (P = 0.02) but not with IgG anticardiolipin or with IgG or IgM anti-DNA levels or with rheumatoid factor. Patients with more extensive organ involvement had higher levels of LMW IgM but not at a significant level. We conclude that circulating LMW IgM occurs almost universally in SLE, is closely related to the total IgM levels and appears independent of ethnic background. The significance of LMW IgM in this disorder is unclear.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/ethnology; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/genetics; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology*; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/epidemiology
  19. Fulltext Gender differences in the clinical and serological features of systemic lupus erythematosus in Malaysian patients
    Azizah MR, Ainol SS, Kong NCT, Normaznah Y, Rahim MN
    Med J Malaysia, 2001 Sep;56(3):302-7.
    PMID: 11732074
    An analysis of the clinical and serological features of 12 male and 122 female patients with SLE was done to determine whether sex related differences exist. We found a lower incidence of mucocutaneous symptoms and arthritis but an increased incidence of discoid lesions, pleuritis and pericarditis in males at disease onset. During the disease course, there was a lower incidence of arthritis, a similar prevalence of mucocutaneous symptoms but an increased incidence of pleuritis in males with a trend towards renal involvement. These findings were however not statistically significant except for the higher incidence of thrombosis among males. Serologically, both groups showed similar frequencies of autoantibodies and hypocomplementaemia. Although the study was small, it was shown that several sex-related differences in the clinical and serological features exist in Malaysian SLE patients.
    Study site: SLE Clinic, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/physiopathology*
  20. Genetic polymorphisms of interleukin-4 third intron region in the Malaysian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
    Chua KH, Kee BP, Tan SY, Lian LH
    Journal of Medical Sciences, 2008;8:437-442.
    DOI: 10.3923/jms.2008.437.442
    In this study, we analysed the genetic polymorphisms present in the third intron region of Interleukin-4 gene in Malaysian patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Overall, the RP I and II alleles were found evenly distributed in both the SLE patients and control individuals. There was no significant association observed in the distribution of allelic and genotypic frequencies between SLE patients and healthy controls. The result obtained is similar to a previous study carried out on SLE Chinese patients in Taiwan.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic*
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