Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 821 in total

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  1. Fulltext Breast cancer coverage in the media in malaysia: a qualitative content analysis of star newspaper articles
    Al-Naggar RA, Al-Jashamy K
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2011;12(12):3397-401.
    PMID: 22471487
    BACKGROUND: The media play big roles in the public understanding of many health issues, and the information relayed to the public through the media clearly influences behavior.

    OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to determine whether the content of articles on breast cancer in women published in the Star newspaper in 1997 differed from that of those published in 2007 and also to determine what factors may have caused any differences.

    METHODOLOGY: About 45 articles were identified for the year 1997 and 97 from the year 2007. Copies of the articles were obtained through the Star newspaper library. All the articles were read an initial time. The final sample for analysis consisted of 18 newspaper articles published in 1997 and 79 in 2007. Once data collection sheets were completed for all articles, the data were transferred to two spreadsheets and analyzed manually.

    RESULTS: Living with breast cancer was the main theme of many articles in both years. Family history was emphasized as a risk factor in articles from 2007, while an inappropriate bra, electrical power lines, stress, smoking and alcohol were emphasized in 1997 as risk factors. In general, articles in 2007 focused on overall health practices, especially exercise, while in 1997, mammography was considered as the dominant prevention method.

    CONCLUSION: The content of the articles on breast cancer that were published in the Star newspaper in Malaysia in 1997 totally differed from that of those published in 2007. The differences seem to reflect social, political, and scientific occurrences over the period studied.
    Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  2. Fulltext Knowledge and barriers towards cervical cancer screening among young women in Malaysia
    Al-Naggar RA, Low WY, Isa ZM
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2010;11(4):867-73.
    PMID: 21133593
    OBJECTIVES: This study examined the level of knowledge and barriers towards cervical cancer screening of female university students.

    METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional design was used for 287 female students at a tertiary institution located in Selangor, Malaysia. A name list of all students in the all faculties were obtained from each faculty's registrar and the ethics committee of the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, approved the study. Respondents completed a consent form before they were given the questionnaire consisting of four sections: socio-demographic characteristics (six questions); risk factor of cervical cancer (six); knowledge about cervical cancer and the Pap smear test (ten); and finally barriers to Pap screening (eleven). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 13.

    RESULTS: The prevalence of ever having had a Pap test was 6%. Majority of the participants had adequate knowledge about risk factors of cervical cancer. The highest knowledge about cervical cancer risk factor reported by the respondents was having more than one sex partner (77.5%), whereas the lowest was the relationship between HPV and cervical cancer (51.2%). Age, marital status, ethnicity, monthly family income and faculty were significantly associated with knowledge of cervical cancer screening (p=0.003; p=0.001; p=0.002; p=0.002; p=0.001 and p=0.002; respectively). The most common barriers of cervical cancer screening were the Pap smear test will make them worry (95.8%) whereas the least common barrier reported among participants was no encouragement from the partner (8.8%).

    CONCLUSION: Some misconceptions and barriers in uptaking Pap smear test are still serious problems among young women. Although knowledge about cervical cancer screening is adequate they have a very poor practice of Pap smear test. The introduction of reproductive health subjects is warranted for all university students.
    Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  3. Fulltext Perception and opinion of medical students about Pap smear test: a qualitative study
    Al-Naggar RA, Isa ZM
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2010;11(2):435-40.
    PMID: 20843130
    OBJECTIVE: the objective of this study is to explore the perceptions of medical students regarding the Pap smear test.

    METHODOLOGY: Focus group discussion was held with twenty three medical students. The students were divided into three focus groups; two groups of female participants consisting of 9 and 8 students; respectively. The third group consisted of 6 male students. Questions regarding Pap smear testing included barriers that prevented women from taking the test, gender preference for the physician to conduct the cervical screening test, willingness to suggest Pap smear test to the family or friends. The data obtained were classified into various categories and analyzed manually.

    RESULTS: Most of the study participants mentioned that the main barriers for women to not perform Pap smear test is lack of awareness 16 (70%), followed by shyness 12 (52%) and the cost of the test 12 (52%). Most agreed that the gender of the physician will affect the women decision to do Pap smear test. All mentioned that the advantage of a regular Pap smear test is to detect the abnormality at the early stage of cervical cancer. Some of the participants 9 (39%) mentioned that the disadvantages are expense, possible injury in the vagina due to the test procedures 8 (35%), associated infection 7(30.4%) and pain 7(30.4%) . The majority, 20 (87%) mentioned that the most effective prevention methods for cervical cancer are having sex only after getting married with the spouse only, HPV vaccination 15 (65%) and Pap smear 14 (61%).

    CONCLUSION: The main barriers for women to not perform Pap smear test is lack of awareness, shyness and the cost of the test. Gender of the physician will affect the women decision to do Pap smear test.
    Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  4. Mammography screening: Female doctors'attitudes and practice in Sana'a, Yemen
    Al-Naggar RA, Isa ZM, Shah SA, Chen R, Kadir SY
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2009;10(5):743-6.
    PMID: 20104962
    A cross-sectional study was conducted at the main hospitals in Sana'a, Yemen to determine the attitude and practice of Yemen female doctors on mammography screening. Study subjects were all female doctors who were on duty during the questionnaire distribution. Those who agreed to participate were given the questionnaire to complete. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse socio-demographic variables and variables related to general health. Participants in this study were 105 female doctors with mean age of 32.1 years (SD = 7.17). Thirty-four respondents (36.6%) did not send asymptomatic women for mammography screening. The reasons were because of high cost (58.0%, n= 25), availability of other methods (23.3%, n= 10), instrument not available (11.6%, n= 5) and high risk of radiation (7.0%, n= 3). Twenty-five participants (26.9%) sent patients on regular basis if there was a family or personal history of breast cancer. Twenty-three participants (24.7%) sent the patients for mammogram screening every year regardless of the patients'history or symptoms. Although most doctors (36.5%) do not refer patients for mammography screening, seventy-seven (74.0%) indicated that they would refer patients for mammography screening on personal request by the patients. This study showed a low percentage of doctors who referred patients for routine mammography. The major reason given was the high cost of the procedure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  5. Fulltext Multiple adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system with automatic features extraction algorithm for cervical cancer recognition
    Al-batah MS, Isa NA, Klaib MF, Al-Betar MA
    Comput Math Methods Med, 2014;2014:181245.
    PMID: 24707316 DOI: 10.1155/2014/181245
    To date, cancer of uterine cervix is still a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. The current methods (i.e., Pap smear and liquid-based cytology (LBC)) to screen for cervical cancer are time-consuming and dependent on the skill of the cytopathologist and thus are rather subjective. Therefore, this paper presents an intelligent computer vision system to assist pathologists in overcoming these problems and, consequently, produce more accurate results. The developed system consists of two stages. In the first stage, the automatic features extraction (AFE) algorithm is performed. In the second stage, a neuro-fuzzy model called multiple adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (MANFIS) is proposed for recognition process. The MANFIS contains a set of ANFIS models which are arranged in parallel combination to produce a model with multi-input-multioutput structure. The system is capable of classifying cervical cell image into three groups, namely, normal, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). The experimental results prove the capability of the AFE algorithm to be as effective as the manual extraction by human experts, while the proposed MANFIS produces a good classification performance with 94.2% accuracy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  6. Fulltext Gastric duplication cyst with a red flag presentation: a case report
    Alagoo D, Sellappan H, Jayasilan J, Azizan N, Hayati F
    Pan Afr Med J, 2021;39:141.
    PMID: 34527157 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.39.141.29895
    Gastric duplication cyst (GDC) is a rare congenital malformation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Despite being benign in the entity, its complications vary from an asymptomatic abdominal mass to fulminant or massive GI bleeding. A 28-year-old lady presented with unexplained GI haemorrhage, in which the upper endoscopy showed a classic feature of GI stromal tumour. The preoperative diagnosis was also confirmed by the computed tomography. She subsequently underwent surgical resection and the final histopathology was consistent with a benign entity of GDC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/diagnosis
  7. Abdominal wall reconstruction after resection of an enterocutaneous fistula with an island pedicled anterolateral thigh perforator flap. Case report
    Ali F, Safawi EB, Zakaria Z, Basiron N
    Clin Ter, 2013;164(5):413-5.
    PMID: 24217827 DOI: 10.7417/CT.2013.1605
    Entero-cutaneous fistula resulting from a locally invasive large bowel carcinoma is a difficult surgical challenge. En-bloc resection of the involved organs and the entero-cutaneous fistula tract with a healthy tissue margin will result in a composite abdominal wall defect that requires closure. Reconstructive surgical options include primary closure, components separation and the use of local, regional or free flaps with or without prosthetic mesh. We report a case of an abdominal enterocutaneous fistula secondary to a locally invasive sigmoid carcinoma, which was reconstructed with a pedicled antero-lateral thigh perforator (ALT) flap. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a malignant entero-cutaneous fistula, which was reconstructed with an ALT flap.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis
  8. Giant Cell Tumor of the Ribs and Aneurysmal Bone Cyst Presenting With Hemothorax in a Child
    Alias H, Doris Lau SC, Loh CK, Ishak MI, Mohammed F, Jamal R, et al.
    J Pediatr Hematol Oncol, 2017 11;39(8):e463-e465.
    PMID: 28859035 DOI: 10.1097/MPH.0000000000000960
    Giant cell tumor (GCT) is one of the most common tumors of bone and is the most common precursor of aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC). The clinical behavior of concurrent GCT and ABC can be very aggressive in children. GCT of the ribs, with or without ABC, is rarely seen in children. We report a case of an 8-year-old girl with GCT and associated ABC of the ribs who presented with sudden onset of chest pain and breathlessness due to a hemothorax. The patient was successfully treated by surgical resections and arterial embolization. She has remained well for 4 years after the initial surgery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bone Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  9. Fulltext Ultrasound of the cold thyroid nodule
    Alif AK, Meah F
    Med J Malaysia, 1984 Jun;39(2):123-6.
    PMID: 6392839
    Matched MeSH terms: Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  10. Fulltext Malignant lymphoma of nasal septum--a case report
    Amin JM, Merican S, Nazarina AR
    Med J Malaysia, 1992 Jun;47(2):147-9.
    PMID: 1494335
    Malignant lymphoma of nasal septum is uncommon. It presents a problem in diagnosis to both otorhinolaryngologist and pathologist. This case report is about one such patient in whom the local disease has been controlled with the treatment of radiotherapy alone. However it is suggested that combined treatment of radiotherapy and cytotoxic therapy might improve the survival rate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nose Neoplasms/diagnosis
  11. Fulltext An audit of management of patients with borderline increased plasma-free metanephrines
    Anas SS, Vasikaran SD
    Ann. Clin. Biochem., 2010 Nov;47(Pt 6):554-8.
    PMID: 20926470 DOI: 10.1258/acb.2010.010131
    BACKGROUND: Measurement of plasma-free metanephrine plus normetanephrine (PFM) is the best screening test for phaeochromocytoma. While clearly raised levels are diagnostic, borderline increases may be associated with factors such as stress and medications, and should prompt a repeat study after interfering factors are withdrawn.
    METHODS: PFM results reported by a teaching hospital laboratory over a 12-month period were extracted from the laboratory information system. All borderline raised results were examined for a subsequent repeat test (as recommended by attached interpretative comment) and those not repeated were followed up by examination of case-notes or questionnaires to doctors.
    RESULTS: Of 111 patients with borderline increased PFM which did not normalize on repeat measurement, 33 were from the hospital and 78 from outside locations. Hospital notes for 27 out of 33 hospital-patients (82%) could be reviewed, and 49 completed questionnaires (63% of 78 sent out) were received from outside locations. Of these 76 patients thus followed up, the test was not repeated in 55 (72%) cases with borderline increased PFM. Of 10 patients with an adrenal mass and borderline PFM, only three had PFM repeated. Of another nine patients with undetermined final diagnosis and borderline PFM, only three had the test repeated.
    CONCLUSION: Seventy-two per cent of borderline increased PFM results were not followed up with appropriate repeat testing, potentially leading to missed detection of phaeochromocytoma. A stronger interpretative comment may encourage appropriate repeat testing in more cases with borderline increased PFM and suspected phaeochromocytoma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/diagnosis
  12. Fulltext Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the cervix in a ten-year-old girl without prenatal diethylstilbestrol exposure
    Andi Asri AA, Lim BK, Lim YK, A Latiff L
    Singapore Med J, 2016 Aug;57(8):470.
    PMID: 27549741 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2016138
    Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  13. Fulltext An unusual presentation of atrial myxoma
    Anpalakhan S, Ramasamy D, Fan KS
    Singapore Med J, 2014 Oct;55(10):e156-8.
    PMID: 25631903
    Myxomas are uncommon primary cardiac tumours that usually affect the left atrium. We herein report the case of a patient who presented with right heart failure and proteinuria, leading to the diagnosis of atrial myxoma. Surgical resection resulted in resolution of the patient's symptoms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  14. Secondary B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia following Wilms' tumor: clinical and in vitro chemosensitivity studies
    Ariffin H, Muthukkumaran T, Stanslas J, Sabariah AR, Veerasekaran N, Lin HP
    Leuk Lymphoma, 2005 Aug;46(8):1233-7.
    PMID: 16085568
    We report the clinical features and in vitro chemosensitivity assay findings of a 13-year-old girl who developed secondary B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) 7 years after a diagnosis of Wilms' tumor. The patient was treated using the Berlin - Frankfurt - Muenster (BFM) ALL chemotherapy protocol with poor response to initial therapy before succumbing to sepsis. An in vitro chemosensitivity assay on her peripheral blood lymphoblasts was performed while she was undergoing induction therapy and showed a high level of resistance to drugs commonly used for ALL therapy, e.g. steroids, anthracyclines, vincristine and L-asparaginase. The mechanism of chemoresistance was not elicited, but was probably not related to P-glycoprotein (P-gp) over-expression. We believe that the in vitro chemosensitivity assay is a good indicator of cellular response to chemotherapy and may provide reliable information for the basis of the selection of drugs to be used for the treatment of similarly rare patients rather than relying on "standard" protocols.
    Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Neoplasms/diagnosis
  15. Fulltext Social impact of nasopharyngeal carcinoma on Chinese households in Selangor, Malaysia
    Armstrong RW, Armstrong MJ, Lye MS
    Singapore Med J, 2000 Dec;41(12):582-7.
    PMID: 11296783
    With a five-year survival rate of 20% in 1970 and 40-45% in 1990, and highest incidence and mortality in early and middle adult years, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) may have a severe social impact on families and households. The aim of this study was to measure the social impact of NPC in the Chinese population of Selangor, Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis
  16. Unicystic Ameloblastoma: A Perception for the Cautious Interpretation of Radiographic and Histological Findings
    Arora S
    J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, 2015 Oct;25(10):761764-764.
    PMID: 26454399 DOI: 10.2015/JCPSP.761764
    The term Unicystic Ameloblastoma (UA) refers to those cystic lesions that show clinical and radiological characteristics of an odontogenic cyst but on histological examination show a typical ameloblastomatous epithelium lining part of the cyst cavity, with or without luminal and/or mural tumor growth. Till date, lot of controversies exist among oral surgeons and oral pathologists regarding this entity. An attempt is being made here to discuss all the diagnostic dilemmas associated with UA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mandibular Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  17. Mandibular hemangio-ameloblastoma
    Arora S, Kanneppady SK, Banavar SR, Jnanendrappa N
    QJM, 2019 Aug 01;112(8):615-616.
    PMID: 31120127 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcz117
    Matched MeSH terms: Mandibular Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  18. Brain scans with Tc99m (pertechnetate) in children
    Arumugasamy N
    Med J Malaya, 1968 Dec;23(2):110-4.
    PMID: 4240820
    Matched MeSH terms: Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis
  19. Overview of colorectal cancer screening programme in Malaysia
    Arunah C, Feisul IM, Nor Saleha IT, Muhammad Radzi AH
    Med J Malaysia, 2020 05;75(3):235-239.
    PMID: 32467538
    INTRODUCTION: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in Malaysia with 65% detected at stage III and IV. Despite the increasing incidence of cancers including CRC, Malaysia has yet to implement populationbased screening for cancers. The objective of this paper is to review the strategic planning and implementation of the CRC screening program in Malaysia.

    METHODS: A desk review was conducted from August to October in 2018, to examine, review and describe the historical perspective, strategic planning and implementation of the current CRC screening program in Malaysia.

    RESULTS: The main policy documents related to CRC screening are the National Strategic Plan for Cancer Control Programme 2016-2020, the Clinical Practice Guideline for Management of Colorectal Carcinoma 2017, and the Implementation Guideline for CRC Screening in Malaysia 2014. Several papers have been published on the epidemiology of CRC in Malaysia. Between 2014 and 2018, 127,957 men and women were screened using immunochemical Faecal Occult Blood Test (iFOBT); 9.3% had positive iFOBT results and were referred for colonoscopy. For those who underwent colonoscopy, CRC detection rate was 4.1% and 13.9% for pre-malignant conditions. Barriers were identified along the continuum of screening process, including patient, provider, and system factors.

    CONCLUSION: Although population-level organised screening programmes are preferable to opportunistic screening, the CRC programme in Malaysia was tailored to meet the needs of the population based on available existing resources. A well-mapped budget for the entire screening programme continuum, a strong partnership between stakeholders and an opportunistic screening strategy is crucial to address the rising incidence of CRC.

    Matched MeSH terms: Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  20. Lung cancer: I. Presenting clinical features
    Ashoka Menon M, Saw Huat Seong
    Med J Malaysia, 1979 Mar;33(3):230-4.
    PMID: 522728
    Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*
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