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Fulltext Identification and characterisation of a novel anti-viral peptide against avian influenza virus H9N2

Rajik M, Jahanshiri F, Omar AR, Ideris A, Hassan SS, Yusoff K

Virol J, 2009;6:74.
PMID: 19497129 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422X-6-74

Avian influenza viruses (AIV) cause high morbidity and mortality among the poultry worldwide. Their highly mutative nature often results in the emergence of drug resistant strains, which have the potential of causing a pandemic. The virus has two immunologically important glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), and one ion channel protein M2 which are the most important targets for drug discovery, on its surface. In order to identify a peptide-based virus inhibitor against any of these surface proteins, a disulfide constrained heptapeptide phage display library was biopanned against purified AIV sub-type H9N2 virus particles.

Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
Fulltext In vitro screening of anti-lice activity of Pongamia pinnata leaves

Anbu Jeba Sunilson JS, Suraj R, Rejitha G, Anandarajagopal K, Vimala AG, Husain HA

Korean J Parasitol, 2009 Dec;47(4):377-80.
PMID: 19967085 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2009.47.4.377

Growing patterns of pediculocidal drug resistance towards head louse laid the foundation for research in exploring novel anti-lice agents from medicinal plants. In the present study, various extracts of Pongamia pinnata leaves were tested against the head louse Pediculus humanus capitis. A filter paper diffusion method was conducted for determining the potential pediculocidal and ovicidal activity of chloroform, petroleum ether, methanol, and water extracts of P. pinnata leaves. The findings revealed that petroleum ether extracts possess excellent anti-lice activity with values ranging between 50.3% and 100% where as chloroform and methanol extracts showed moderate pediculocidal effects. The chloroform and methanol extracts were also successful in inhibiting nymph emergence and the petroleum ether extract was the most effective with a complete inhibition of emergence. Water extract was devoid of both pediculocidal and ovicidal activities. All the results were well comparable with benzoyl benzoate (25% w/v). These results showed the prospect of using P. pinnata leave extracts against P. humanus capitis in difficult situations of emergence of resistance to synthetic anti-lice agents.

Matched MeSH terms: Survival Analysis
The effect of vitamin E on basic fibroblast growth factor level in human fibroblast cell culture

Rashid SA, Halim AS, Muhammad NA

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:69-70.
PMID: 19024988

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is angiogenic and effective in down-regulating excess collagen production. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin E (Tocotrienol Rich Fraction) in altering the level of bFGF, a cytokine involved in the scar formation process. In this model, normal human fibroblasts were treated with various concentrations of vitamin E at different time frames. The levels of bFGF were determined by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA). This study demonstrated that Tocotrienol Rich Fraction (TRF) stimulated bFGF production by fibroblast and postulate that vitamin E may decrease aberrant scar formation.

Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
In-vitro expression of adhesion molecules and bone specific markers are depending on the cell culture material

Salin N, Ishak AK, Abdul Rahman S, Ali M, Nawawi HM, Said MS, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:67-8.
PMID: 19024987

Bone formation is an active process whereby osteoblasts are found on the surface of the newly formed bone. Adhesion to extracellular matrix is essential for the development of bone however not all surfaces are suitable for osteoblast adhesion and don't support osteoblastic functions. The objective of this study was to test the suitability of a collagen based microcarrier which would support osteoblastic functions.

Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
Metachronous inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour in the temporal bone: case report

Goh BS, Tan SP, Husain S, Rose IM, Saim L

J Laryngol Otol, 2009 Oct;123(10):1184-7.
PMID: 19192318 DOI: 10.1017/S0022215109004642

We report an extremely rare case of metachronous inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour in the temporal bone.

Matched MeSH terms: Disease-Free Survival
Sourcing different neuro-progenitor cell for the use of nerve construct

Yazid AG, Anuar A, Onhmar HT, Ng AM, Ruszymah BH, Amaramalar SN

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:113-4.
PMID: 19025011

Spinal cord, sciatic nerve, olfactory ensheathing cell and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells were evaluated as an alternative source for tissue engineering of nerve conduit. All cell sources were cultured in alpha-MEM medium. Olfactory Ensheathing Cell (OEC) showed the best result with higher growth kinetic compared to the others. Spinal cord and sciatic nerve were positive for GFAP, OEC were positive for GFAP, S100b and anti-cytokeratin 18 but negative for anti-Human Fibroblast.

Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
Growth kinetic study on normal and microtic chondrocytes of human auricular cartilage

Ishak MF, Aminuddin BS, Asma A, Lokman BS, Ruszymah BH, Goh BS

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:117-8.
PMID: 19025013

Chondrocytes were isolated from normal and microtic human auricular cartilage after ear surgery carried out at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre. Chondrocytes were cultured and expanded until passage 4. After reached confluence, cultured chondrocytes at each passage (P1, P2, P3 and P4) were harvested and assigned for growth profile analysis. There was no significant difference in cell viability between both normal and microtic samples (p = 0.84). Both samples showed no significant differences for growth profile parameters in terms of growth rate, population doubling time and total number of cell doubling, except in passage 1, where there is significant difference in cell growth rate (p = 0.004). This preliminary data has indicated that chondrocytes from microtic cartilage has the potential to be used in the reconstruction of human pinna in the future.

Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
Fulltext Colorectal cancer patients in a tertiary referral centre in Malaysia: a five year follow-up review

Rashid MR, Aziz AF, Ahmad S, Shah SA, Sagap I

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2009;10(6):1163-6.
PMID: 20192604

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major malignancies in the world. In Malaysia, CRC is fast becoming the commonest cause of cancer death. Its etiology is complex, involving both environmental and genetic factors. This study looked at the profile and outcome of five-year follow-up of patients with CRC.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective case review study done on CRC patients at University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Patientsandapos; socio-demographic characteristics, modalities of treatment, cancer characteristics and outcome at 5-year follow up were extracted from the case records.

RESULTS: A total of 107 case records of patients were analyzed. Peak age of CRC presentation was 40-69 years (71.1%). Male to female ratio was 1.2:1 with Chinese predominance (52.3%). Anaemia and its related symptoms including per rectal bleeding was the commonest clinical presentation. The median duration of clinical presentation was 13 weeks (IQR 21.8). More than two-thirds presented as non-emergency cases (69.2%). Most patients presented with Dukes C stage (40.2%). The overall 5-year survival rate was 40% with local recurrence rate of 19.6%. Metastasis after curative-intend treatment (surgery with adjuvant therapy) developed in 26% of patients. Lower recurrence (p = 0.016, OR = 0.205) and metastatic disease (p = 0.02, OR = 0.24) found among the Chinese patients. Almost half of the patients defaulted follow up care (43%), most often within the first year of treatment (22.4%) and the Chinese were the least likely to default (p= 0.04, OR = 0.45).

CONCLUSION: Socio-demographic profile of CRC patients in UKMMC is comparable to Asia pacific region. Apparent delay in seeking treatment gives rise to poor overall survival and local recurrence rates.

Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
Fulltext Melioidosis in Pahang, Malaysia

How SH, Ng KH, Jamalludin AR, Shah A, Rathor Y

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Dec;60(5):606-13.
PMID: 16515112

We conducted a retrospective review of 135 patients with melioidosis in Pahang from January 2000 to June 2003. Patients were mostly male (78.5%) and Malay (83%) with a median age of 51 years. Seventy four percent of patients were diabetic. Common presentations were pneumonia (40.7%), septicaemic without obvious source of infection (19.3%) and multiple organ involvement (15.6%). Only 32.7% were given appropriate antibiotics empirically. The overall mortality was 54% with most deaths (65%) occurring within 48 hours of admission. Patients with pneumonia, multiple organ involvement and septicaemic of unknown source had higher mortality as compared to patients with subcutaneous, musculoskeletal or single internal organ involvement without pneumonia (p < 0.001). The relapse rate was 19.2%.

Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
Fulltext Challenges in the treatment of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: a ray of hope

Norleza AN, Gendeh BS

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Aug;60(3):281-5.
PMID: 16379180 MyJurnal

We studied nine cases of SNUCs presented to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital University Kebangsaan Malaysia from 1999 to 2003. There were 8 males and 1 female with ages ranging from 24 to 78 years (mean 46.5y). The racial distribution consisted of 5 Chinese (55.5%), 3 Malays (33.3%) and 1 Indian (11.1%). Three patients were Kadish B (33.3%) and six were Kadish C (66.6%) by classification. In our series 2 years survival was 26.3% and median survival time was 14.2 months.

Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
Delays in time to primary treatment after a diagnosis of breast cancer: does it impact survival?

Mujar M, Dahlui M, Yip CH, Taib NA

Prev Med, 2013 Mar;56(3-4):222-4.
PMID: 23234860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.12.001

OBJECTIVE: Treatment delays in breast cancer are generally thought to affect prognosis but the impact on survival remains unclear. Indicators for breast cancer care include time to primary treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether time to primary treatment (TPT) in breast cancer impacts survival.
METHOD: A total of 648 breast cancer patients treated in the University Malaya Medical Center (UMMC), Malaysia between 2004 and 2005 were included in the study. TPT was calculated from the date of pathological diagnosis to the date of primary treatment. Mortality data was obtained from the National Registry of Births and Deaths. Last date of follow-up was November 2010.
RESULTS: Median TPT was 18 days. Majority 508 (69.1%) of the patients received treatment within 30 days after diagnosis. The majority was surgically treated. Ethnicity (p=0.002) and stage at presentation (p=0.007) were significantly associated with delayed TPT. Malay ethnicity had delayed TPT compared to the Chinese; Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.9 (Confidence Interval (CI) 1.237, 2.987). Delayed TPT did not affect overall survival on univariate and multivariate analyses.
CONCLUSION: Time to primary treatment after a diagnosis of breast cancer had no impact on overall survival. Further studies on care before diagnosis are important in drawing up meaningful quality indicators.

Matched MeSH terms: Survival Analysis
Lupus nephritis in children in Malaysia

Khoo JJ, Pee S, Thevarajah B, Yap YC, Chin CK

J Paediatr Child Health, 2005 Jan-Feb;41(1-2):31-5.
PMID: 15670221 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2005.00532.x

OBJECTIVES: To determine the pattern of renal histology, clinical outcome of children with lupus nephritis and to identify any associated risk factors predicting renal failure in these children.
METHODS: Retrospectively, 27 children under 16 years of age with lupus nephritis who had renal biopsies done at Sultanah Aminah Hospital Johor, Malaysia from 1994 to 2002 were studied. The renal histology was graded according to WHO classification system (1982). The medical records, laboratory data and the clinical outcome of the patients were studied.
RESULTS: There were 24 cases of WHO Class IV, two cases of WHO Class II and a case of WHO Class V. Twenty children were in the good renal outcome group while six children progressed into the poor renal outcome group and required renal replacement. One child was lost to follow-up. All six children in the poor renal outcome group had WHO Class IV histology. The 5-year patient and renal survival rates were 84% and 75%, respectively. Age, sex, activity and chronicity indices in the renal histology, anaemia, elevated serum creatinine, depressed levels of C3 and C4, heavy proteinuria or presence of urinary active sediments were not associated with progression to renal failure.
CONCLUSIONS: Presently, children with lupus nephritis appeared to have better patient and renal survival rates. Assessment of renal histology in these children was important for diagnosis, treatment and probably prognosis. In this study, there was a 25% incidence of loss of renal function over 5 years in children with WHO Class IV renal histology.

Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
Cost-effectiveness analysis of Malaysian neonatal intensive care units

Cheah IG, Soosai AP, Wong SL, Lim TO, Cost-Effectiveness NICU Study Group

J Perinatol, 2005 Jan;25(1):47-53.
PMID: 15372062

To perform a cost-effective analysis on the care of infants between 1000 and 1500 g birthweight (the study group), where outcomes are measured as survival to 1 year of age.

Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
Fulltext P53 expression in colorectal carcinoma: the University of Malaya Medical Centre's experience

Goh KSK, Ong TA, Peh SC, Yuen HL, Naicker M

Med J Malaysia, 2004 Oct;59(4):515-21.
PMID: 15779585

Loss of P53 function is regarded as one of the critical steps in colorectal carcinogenesis. This study determines the P53 expression pattern of colorectal carcinoma in a cohort of 116 local patients. There was no significant relationship between overexpression of P53 with tumour stage (p=-0.209, chi square test) and grade (p=0.877, chi square test). Survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier procedure did not show significant relationship between P53 positivity with overall recurrence-free and survival outcome (p=0.3322 and 0.921 respectively; log rank test). Long-term follow-up may give a better evaluation on the prognostic value of P53 overexpression in colorectal carcinoma.

Matched MeSH terms: Disease-Free Survival
Fulltext Analysis of the survival motor neuron and neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein genes in Malay patients with Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Zilfalil BA, Zabidi-Hussin AMH, Watihayati MS, Rozainah MY, Naing L, Sutomo R, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2004 Oct;59(4):512-4.
PMID: 15779584 MyJurnal

In Malaysia, Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is diagnosed based on clinical observation with or without muscle biopsy. Molecular analyses of the SMA-related genes have not been available so far. In this preliminary study, we searched for homozygous deletion of Survival Motor Neuron (SMN1) and Neuronal Apoptosis Inhibitory Protein (NAIP) genes in Malay patients with SMA and found homozygous deletion of SMN1 exon 7 and 8 in all the patients while homozygous deletion of NAIP exon 5 was detected in only our type 1 patients but not in the type 3 patient. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first SMA cases diagnosed at the molecular level in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein
Outcome of Palliative and Radical Radiotherapy in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma - a Retrospective Study

Rai NP, Divakar DD, Al Kheraif AA, Ramakrishnaiah R, Mustafa SM, Durgesh BH, et al.

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2015;16(16):6919-22.
PMID: 26514468

BACKGROUND: The treatment selection for the oral squamous cell carcinoma remains controversial. Radiation therapy or surgical excision of the lesion can be applied as the sole treatment or it can be used in combination with other treatment modalities. Radiotherapy is considered to be the safest of all the treatment modalities and can be used in several situations for oral and oropharyngeal cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival outcome differences in patients treated with radical and palliative radiotherapy as the primary treatment modality.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included a total of 47 patients with oral cancer reporting to our hospital between years 2009 to 2010. The age group for the selected patients was more than 65 years, treated with radical and palliative radiotherapy with no prior surgical interventions. Patients were evaluated till Dec 2013 for overall survival time.
RESULTS: Twenty nine patients were treated with radical radiotherapy as main stay of treatment, out of which 21 died during the follow up time with median survival of 352 ± 281.7 days with 8 patients alive. All the 16 patients were dead who received palliative radiotherapy with a median survival time of 112 ± 144.0 days.
CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective study showed improved overall survival time, loco regional control rates and reduced morbidity in patients treated with radical radiotherapy when compared to patients treated with palliative radiotherapy.

Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
Five-year follow-up study of Monarc transobturator tape for surgical treatment of primary stress urinary incontinence

Lo TS, Jaili S, Tan YL, Wu PY

Int Urogynecol J, 2016 Nov;27(11):1653-1659.
PMID: 27085545

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesized that transobturator tape (TOT) is safe and efficacious for the treatment of urodynamic stress incontinence in the long term.
METHODS: We conducted a prospective study of patients with confirmed urodynamic stress incontinence (USI) who underwent a Monarc(TM) TOT procedure in a tertiary center between February 2006 and March 2009 without other concurrent surgical procedures. Urodynamics were conducted at 1 and 3 years postoperatively. Subjective evaluation included Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7), Urinary Distress Inventory Questionnaire (UDI-6), and Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ-12). Objective cure was defined as no urinary leakage demonstrable on provocative filling cystometry and/ or 1-h pad test of <2 g. Subjective cure was based on a negative response to question 3 in UDI-6. Paired-samples t test, chi-square, and Fisher exact tests were applied; p

Matched MeSH terms: Disease-Free Survival
Fulltext Dual Regulation of Cell Death and Cell Survival upon Induction of Cellular Stress by Isopimara-7,15-Dien-19-Oic Acid in Cervical Cancer, HeLa Cells In vitro

Abu N, Yeap SK, Pauzi AZ, Akhtar MN, Zamberi NR, Ismail J, et al.

Front Pharmacol, 2016;7:89.
PMID: 27065873 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00089

The Fritillaria imperialis is an ornamental flower that can be found in various parts of the world including Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and the Himalayas. The use of this plant as traditional remedy is widely known. This study aims to unveil the anti-cancer potentials of Isopimara-7,15-Dien-19-Oic Acid, extracted from the bulbs of F. imperialis in cervical cancer cell line, HeLa cells. Flow cytometry analysis of cell death, gene expression analysis via cDNA microarray and protein array were performed. Based on the results, Isopimara-7,15-Dien-19-Oic acid simultaneously induced cell death and promoted cell survival. The execution of apoptosis was apparent based on the flow cytometry results and regulation of both pro and anti-apoptotic genes. Additionally, the regulation of anti-oxidant genes were up-regulated especially thioredoxin, glutathione and superoxide dismutase- related genes. Moreover, the treatment also induced the activation of pro-survival heat shock proteins. Collectively, Isopimara-7,15-Dien-19-Oic Acid managed to induce cellular stress in HeLa cells and activate several anti- and pro survival pathways.

Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
Fulltext Temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma - Penang experience

Ng SY, Pua KC, Zahirrudin Z

Med J Malaysia, 2015 Dec;70(6):367-8.
PMID: 26988214 MyJurnal

Temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma (TBSCC) is rare and poses difficulties in diagnosing, staging and management. We describe a case series with six patients who were diagnosed TBSCC, from January 2009 to June 2014, with median age of 62 years old. All patients presented with blood-stain discharge and external auditory canal mass, showing that these findings should highly alert the diagnosis of TBSCC. Three patients staged T3 and another three with T4 disease. High-resolution CT (HRCT) temporal findings were noted to be different from intraoperative findings and therefore we conclude that MRI should be done to look for middle ear involvement or other soft tissue invasion for more accurate staging. Lateral temporal bone resection (LTBR) and parotidectomy was done for four patients with or without neck dissection. Patients with positive margin, perineural invasion or parotid and glenoid involvement carry poorer prognosis and postoperative radiotherapy may improve the survival rate. One patient had successful tumor resection via piecemeal removal approach in contrast with the recommended en bloc resection shows that with negative margin achieved, piecemeal removal approach can be a good option for patients with T2-3 disease. In general, T4 tumor has dismal outcome regardless of surgery or radiotherapy given.

Matched MeSH terms: Survival Rate
Mechanical properties and biocompatibility of co-axially electrospun polyvinyl alcohol/maghemite

Ngadiman NH, Mohd Yusof N, Idris A, Kurniawan D

Proc Inst Mech Eng H, 2016 Aug;230(8):739-49.
PMID: 27194535 DOI: 10.1177/0954411916649632

Electrospinning is a simple and efficient process in producing nanofibers. To fabricate nanofibers made of a blend of two constituent materials, co-axial electrospinning method is an option. In this method, the constituent materials contained in separate barrels are simultaneously injected using two syringe nozzles arranged co-axially and the materials mix during the spraying process forming core and shell of the nanofibers. In this study, co-axial electrospinning method is used to fabricate nanofibers made of polyvinyl alcohol and maghemite (γ-Fe2O3). The concentration of polyvinyl alcohol and amount of maghemite nanoparticle loading were varied, at 5 and 10 w/v% and at 1-10 v/v%, respectively. The mechanical properties (strength and Young's modulus), porosity, and biocompatibility properties (contact angle and cell viability) of the electrospun mats were evaluated, with the same mats fabricated by regular single-nozzle electrospinning method as the control. The co-axial electrospinning method is able to fabricate the expected polyvinyl alcohol/maghemite nanofiber mats. It was noticed that the polyvinyl alcohol/maghemite electrospun mats have lower mechanical properties (i.e. strength and stiffness) and porosity, more hydrophilicity (i.e. lower contact angle), and similar cell viability compared to the mats fabricated by single-nozzle electrospinning method.

Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival

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