The community has active roles to play to mitigate child maltreatment. In reviewing the Child Abuse
and Neglect prevention measurement in Malaysia, the readiness score is relatively at the moderate level
based on World Health Organization assessment tools. The primary objective was to assess a
relationship between collective efficacy and child maltreatment in Petaling Jaya, Selangor. The crosssectional
and correlational study has been adopted. A sum of 390 questionnaires were disseminated to
Petaling Jaya community, particularly those who were married with at minimum one child. The
findings have revealed that the social cohesion and child maltreatment possesses a significant
relationship (r= 0.111, p0.05) with child maltreatment. The findings of this study contribute to several significant
contribution. Several suggestions were provided for the Malaysian government to initiate some
community approaches in effort to mitigate child maltreatment. It is practically to recommend the
government to invigorate the comprehensive policies in fostering the community awareness to exercise
their social responsibility in community in addressing the child maltreatment issues. The community
awareness enables to enhance proactive involvement in which it could prompt the active action and
establish a set of partnership among community group members. Hence, it is able to strengthen the
solid protection to increase the resilience of children due to the proactive society to protect the
vulnerable children and have zero tolerance on violence against children.
The crime of human trafficking is a phenomenon that practically affects every part of the world. The
crime is generally influenced by various political as well as socio-economic factors. Oftentimes,
victimization, causal factors, and policy response receive the most attention in human trafficking
studies, while other aspects like the market system or supply and demand in human trafficking are
given little focus. Hence, the objective of this paper is to analyze the market system and the intrinsic
elements that influence the supply and demand in human trafficking, with a reference to the case study
of Sabah, Malaysia. The qualitative data for this paper were obtained through personal observation and
interviews with public officials from the government enforcement agencies like the Royal Malaysian
Police, Immigration Department of Malaysia, as well as former traffickers, ex-victims, and
academicians. Besides, various reports from the government, non-governmental organizations, and
news media helped to collate and provide a comprehensive analysis of the subject matter. Using
perspectives from the economics of crime, this paper examined the macro and micro-level factors that
regulate the supply and demand in human trafficking. The findings suggest that the supply of trafficked
labour in Sabah is influenced by macro-level factors like globalization, unequal economic
development, demographic factors, and domestic conflict, while the demand for trafficked labour is
amplified by the factors such as consumers, exploiters, socio-culture, and the state. These elements are
essential in regulating the market system of supply and demand in human trafficking. An inclusive
understanding of supply and demand in human trafficking is important as it has implications for
knowledge development as well as policy responses to disrupt the market forces that sustain the crime.
Racial polarisation issues in public higher learning institutions has long been debated and continues to
exist even with the many effort for unity seen through nation’s education policies. Despite the
existence of opportunities for students to interact with the other ethnic throughout their studies, their
social relation was relatively moderate. Past findings suggested further studies be made to the factors
contributing to racial polarisation and that there should be a platform which encouraged students to
cooperate and enabled them to reached a common ground. The objective of this paper is to do a
preliminary survey on inter-ethnic dialogue which could become a platform in enhancing good social
relation between students of different ethnics in public and private universities. A successful interethnic
dialogue must include the four dimension of social relation: assimilation, amalgamation,
acculturation and accommodation, with which the social relation in Malaysia revolves, contributed
primarily by its historical and political factors.
This article is aimed to research and to know the impact of personality, skill, core competent level professional training and transformation strategy as professional practice by the administrator towards teachers’ commitment in secondary school in Sabah. The country needs education system transformation and the school admins are seen to be the vital element in developing a High Performance School in facing the challenge of the 21st century. The research framework is based on the Northhouse Main Leadership Model Trait (2003, 2007), School Leadership Competency IAB (2009), Katz Three Model Skills (1974), Effective Leadership Framework by Strike, Sims, Mann and Whilhite (2016) and Teachers Commitment (Danneta, 2002). Qualitative research design is used with stratified random sampling with 1440 samples from 30 urban secondary schools and 30 rural secondary schools. The instrument used in this research is a set of questionnaire that was set by the researcher based on the observation and literature review. The finding of the research is hoped to give the best innovation strategy to prepare and to produce a highly qualified principal or headmaster to lead the school organization and to ensure the success of the National Education Development Plan (PPPM 2013-2025).
Keywords: leadership, teachers' comitment, national education development plan
The role of individual healthy behaviors like physical activity, nutrition and stress management on reduction of rate of disease mortality and morbidity is well known. The aim of this study is to determine healthy lifestyle in lecturers employed in School of Quantitative Sciences, University Utara Malaysia, in 2019. Materials and Methods: The participants of this cross-sectional study were 66 lecturers in School of Quantitative Sciences, selected via random sampling method. The data collection was performed using a questionnaire including demographic healthy lifestyle questions. Analysis of the data was performed through Software Statistical Analysis System Enterprise Guide (SAS EG) version 7.1. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 42.68 ± 1.37 years and, BMI mean was 24.13 ± 0.86. 92.42% of them were married and 7.58% also were single. Conclusion: According to the results, planning for lecturers in School of Quantitative Sciences for receiving information about healthy lifestyle on weight control and nutrition are important.
This study focused on drug epidemic in Selangor for 3 consecutive years (2016-2018). Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah (HTAR) analysed an estimate of 12988 samples for drug abuse (opiates and cannabinoids) from 2016 until 2018. Being the centre for receiving samples collected by Police and National Anti-Drug agencies in Southwest Selangor, these areas were combed for analytical study of habitual abusers, their age-related patterns and ethnic origins for better understanding and planning for advocates of control.
Telecommuting refers to the work option that enables telecommuters to work outside of the office. It
allows telecommuters to have a direct contact with those inside and outside of the organization by
using information and communication technologies. Despite the continuous effort by Malaysia’s
government, the implementation and occurrence of telecommuting practice in Malaysia had not gained
full support from many local companies. Consequently, the Malaysian workforce has suffered from
low-level performance and poor productivity due to the lack of flexibility in task accomplishment.
Therefore, the main objective of this study is to investigate whether the impacts of telecommuting
engagement (i.e. job autonomy, work-family balance, work productivity, and level of occupational
stress) lead to employee’s performance. This research aims to identify the most dominant impact of
telecommuting engagement that leads to the employee performance. The study has adopted a
correlational research and cross-sectional survey research design to explore the relationship between
variables. There were 229 respondents who practice telecommuting work arrangement. They were
chosen from 11 oil and gas companies located in Kuantan, Pahang. The findings of the study had
revealed that all of the telecommuting impacts which consists of the job autonomy, work-family
balance, work productivity and level of occupational stress have a significant relationship with the
employee performance at r = .923, p < 0.05, r = .734, p < 0.05, r = .817, p < 0.05, and r = .408, p < 005
respectively. Job autonomy was found the most dominant impact of telecommuting engagement that
leads to the employee performance with r = .923, p < 0.05. The positive experiences and knowledge
possessed by the telecommuters in the oil and gas industry helped to increase the level of motivation
and maintain the good mental and physical state of employees. The exercise of the proper balance
between the personal and professional life could guarantee the high employees’ performance among
the telecommuters. Hence, it is suggested for the government to promote and develop more appropriate
policies regarding telecommuting practice in Malaysia. The purpose is to enhance the level of
acceptance towards the work arrangement among the local society. Moreover, the active approaches by
the government can stimulate the implementation of telecommuting in this country as people will have
more proper guidelines to assist the work practices. Telecommuting work arrangement helps to achieve
excellent performance in an organization.
Previous studies approved that not all lesson activities are suitable for gifted and talented students.
This study is designed to identify what are the proper musical activities that can fill the needs of gifted
and talented students in Malaysia. The research sample is among gifted and talented students from the
whole Malaysia who are studying in Pusat PERMATApintar Negara. Result in this study may be used
as reference for educators who want to teach music on gifted and talented children, so that educators
may choose the right and effective activities to implement on those children. Therefore, the researcher
collects data using Focus Group Discussion Techique,and Indepth Interview on gifted and talented
children who had experienced music in formal class. Observation is also conducted in music classes in
Pusat PERMATApintar Negara to identify their behavioral on the musical activities conducted. Result
reveals that all the students believe the most proper musical activities are playing musical instruments, performance, music theory and singing. Teachers may attract students’ attention by using interactive
learning apparatus, relates theory and practical, and justify the importance of music study.
The purpose of this study is to examine the level of readiness amongstudents in terms of knowledge,
skills and attitudes in using historical resources as history teaching and learning materials in secondary
schools. The design of this study is a quantitative research that uses survey method involving a total of
521 form four students from secondary schools using simple random sampling technique. The
questionnaire are used in this study which has been verified by the content expert dan has a good
realiability value. The data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as MONOVA
and Correlation Pearson using "IBM SPSS Statistics”version 24.The findings of this study indicate that
the level of readiness amongsecondary history students in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes in
using historical resources as teaching and learning materials are at moderate level. Beside that, school
location influences the level of readiness and there a relationship between levels of readiness with
school location among students.Implication of this study can help history teachers know the level of their student knowledge, skills and attitudes toward using historical sources before carrying out in their
lessons.
As one of the states within the Federation of Malaysia, Sabah has inherited the characteristics of a
developing country’s security management. The threats are not only driven by external but also from
internal sources. As such, this article analyzes threats to Sabah's security predicaments. By using the
National Security Theory of Developing Countries and Securitization Theory as the basis for
discussion, the article explores and discusses how Sabah's security management have been influenced
by several variables such as local political influences, federal-state relations, and societal’s state
loyalty. The article concludes that Sabah’s security threats have been securitised by local political and
community leaders. But, the success of securitising the threats depend on how security actors at the
federal level are convinced with the omnipresent threats.
Negotiation is a crucial tool for resolving a dispute. The outcome of every negotiation relies heavily on
the negotiation strategies of the parties involved, the exchange of information and their characters
during the negotiation process. Considering distributive approach, the negotiators are more interested
in the maximization of personal achievements as they are not concern in collective or joint success with
their partners. One of the key requirements for the integrative strategy is cooperation between the
negotiators while distributive strategy is purely for a competitive approach. These two types of
strategies distributive and integrative are in relation to the behavior and attitudes negotiators normally
display in a negotiation table: cooperative and competitive. The reason why negotiators commonly
used cooperative and competitive strategies are mentioned in this paper, distributive and integrative
strategies are also summarized. Follow by possible solution of overcoming the negotiation challenges
is discussed.
This paper is based on literature review on the legal, political and social context of Malaysia regarding child welfare and social work. Children are an asset and younger generations will become the leaders of the country in future. In the Malaysian context, a variety of factors impact on how children are defined. These include the Islamic perspective, local cultural practices, approaches based on biological growth and relevant legislation. Such varying definitions can cause confusion in the application of law and could result in injustice. When talking regarding the social problems concerning children in Malaysia, there include abuse, neglect, abandonment of babies, street children, children beyond parental control, children involved with crime, underage marriage, prostitution and child trafficking.However, the shortage of professional social workers who can effectively manage abuse and child neglect cases is a serious problem.
Relapse is a common phenomenon among former addicts who has undergone a preventive and rehabilitation treatment program. Relaps is a condition of using drugs more than one times after stopping them for a certain period of time depending on one's resistance to a drug withdrawal syndrome. There are various factors that affect the former drug addicts became relaps. Hence, the focus of this study is to explain the external factors of relaps among adult male drug addicts in Cure and Care Service Centre, Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan. This study is a qualitative research that has been using a phenomenology approach using face-to-face interviews and further observation among eight drug addicts who are undergoing rehabilitation programs at CCSC Kuala Pilah. Sample selection was done through purposive sampling techniques and data were analyzed using thematic analysis through an inductive approach that focused on coding to obtain some key themes. The result of the study indicates the external factors such as family, peer and environmental factors play a great role in influencing of relapse. In conclusion, these identified factors illustrate the external influences that cause drug addicts to relapse. Therefore, the researcher proposes a post-rehabilitation module or program done by the responsible agencies after the addicts completed the rehabilitation program as guidance for them to the right direction for efficient recovery.
The main purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between self-concept, family
relationship quality and externalizing behavior problem (aggressive behavior and delinquency
behavior) among adolescents in Selangor. Besides that, this study also to determine the level of selfconcept,
family relationship quality and externalizing behavior among secondary school students as
well as to compare the differences between these three variables according to sex. A total of 400
students (nmale =53%, nfemale=47%) from secondary schools were selected in this study. The multi-stage
cluster sampling technique was used during sample selection. Data were obtained from selfadministered
questionnaire that are consist of Individual Protective Factors Index Questionnaire
(1992), Family Relationship Characteristics (1997), Aggression Scale (2001) and Problem Behavior
Frequency Scale (1977). The findings revealed that majority of students have moderate level of selfconcept,
family relationship quality as well as externalizing behavior. In terms of sex differences, the
results showed that family belief, family structure and externalizing behavior have significant
differences according to sex (t= -4.393 to 7.588, p
This article focuses in structure of language within the village society in Manik Urai Kelantan during
the flood situation. The research was specifically to identify the structure of Speech Act use by the rural
community to give information about flood. Besides, this research observes the application of
linguistics methodology during flood situation using Speech Act Theory which is the categorization of
Speech Act by Searle (1969). This theory was choose for the ability to detail linguistic's differences
based on the structure of Speech Act categories such as representatives, directives, commissives,
expresives and declaratives. For the purpose of the research, a video about flood situation was choose
and transcribe to observe the the structure of speech act within the village society in the flood situation.
The result of the research shows all Speech Act have their structure. The beneficial of this research is as
a guideline and reference for the readers and language researchers especially those who were active
participant of volunteer field.
Buayehor crocodile plays a very important role in the life of the Lundayeh society. Their belief in buayeh,which is a ferocious river reptile, has been with them since their existence for hundreds of years. During the headhunting period the animal symbolised an enemy that was defeated. On the other hand the crocodile also symbolises strength, heroism, fame andwealth. For instance, among the Lundayeh people, strength is when a person succeeds in chopping and bringing an enemy’s head after a war or headhunting expedition and is highly regarded as a hero and a grand celebration is held to welcome him. The whole community would participate in building a crocodile image made of earth where they would perform the fekuab,a heroic song which was led by a woman, followed by the warrior’s relatives and followers. The warrior and the hero of the day would then boast and recite a self-proclamation about his fame by cutting the effigy with a sword felefetwith all his might. In the case of wealth, only a man who succeeded in farming was able to build a huge Ulung Buayehor crocodile mound in the heath forest. In this paper therefore I will examine the manifestation of the quality of life for the Lundayeh people as elements of strength, heroism, fame and wealth which are represented in the oral literature through the image of buayeh.
The purpose of this study is to identify the effectiveness of integrative therapy treatment towards
depression and aggression among prison inmates. Integrative therapy in this study refers to treatment
module which are consisted of four integrated theories in a counselling process. It involved the
combined therapy of Person Client Centred (PCC), Rational Emotions Behaviour Therapy (REBT)
and Choice Theory Reality Therapy (CTRT) as technical treatment. Meanwhile, Stimulus Organism
Response (SOR) act as educational principle or training. Integrative therapy is conducted on the
respondents for six session of group counselling. This study is a quasi-experiment involving 160 depressed prison inmates (80 treatment; 80 control) and 140 aggressive inmates (70 treatment; 70
control) from five prison institutions as the respondent for this study using purposive sampling.
Inmates are identified as respondents using high cutting point of depression using Beck Depression
Inventory (BDI) and high aggression using Aggressive Questionnaires (AQ). For the data analysis, nonparametric
test such as Mann-Whitney Test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test were used based on the
normality test using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk test. Result from the Mann-Whitney Test
shows that the treatment group had higher declining rate as compared to the controlled group for
depression and aggression. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test also shows the same result as the treatment
group indicates a decline in rate from the pre and post of the treatment compared to the controlled
group. The results of this study are hope to act as the medium for using integrative model which is
rarely use in studies in this country especially in the field of treatment for prison inmates. It is also
expected that it can be applied in different setting which offer treatment service such as hospitals,
social work institution, police institute, schools, higher learning institutions and others.
At present, social protection system is a requirement for those involved in all sectors of employment
such as pensions to Government employees and Employees Provident Fund (EPF) to private sector
workers. The primary basis of the system is to provide protection to address poverty, financial
assistance and future guarantees. However, no structured social protection system was introduced to
the informal sectors workers in Malaysia such as farmers and others. The purpose of this study is to
examine the level of knowledge and acceptance of social protection systems among farmers in the
Muda Agricultural Development Authority (MADA). This study involved 573 respondents covering 4
regions within the MADA area. In conclusion, this study will examine the level of knowledge and
acceptance of farmers on social protection systems in their communities.
The present research sought to examine the teamwork performance among AIM microcredit
participants based on Tuckman (1965) model. Hence, the author elaborates the level of teamwork
process such as forming, norming, storming and performing in a group among AIM participant in
Daerah Hulu Langat. The AIM is replication of the Grameen Bank approach in Malaysia and the
teamwork concept was apply which is the scheme must be apply in a group and not in individual. Selfadministrative
questionnaire was applied to conduct a data collection and a sample of 160 respondents
among participant from Sungai Gabai, Sungai Ramal, Sungai Chua, Sungai Tangkas, Bukit Mewah,
Semenyih and Sungai Jelok in Kajang were chosen based on stratified and simple random sampling
techniques to complete the survey. Researcher suggests the finding indicate that the high level stage in
teamwork process is forming, storming and performing stage. Only norming stage was in moderate
level. Consequently, high and positive teamwork resulted efficiencies in the microfinance group.
Teamwork with the right process can achieved positive outcome among AIM microcredit participants.
The aim of this paper is to determine tourists’ perceptions on spiritual experience, brand image,
cultural attributes and service quality they experienced in Kota Bharu, the capital and administration
centre of Kelantan, Malaysia. Kota Bharu was declared an Islamic City in 2005. It has many mosques,
various museums, unique architectural old buildings and palaces. As the number of tourist arrivals to
Kelantan is encouraging and contributing to the state income; it is important to examine what these
tourists perceive during their stays in Kota Bharu Islamic City. Variance Based Structural Equation
Modelling technique of Partial Least Square (PLS) was employed. The findings show that all the
variables are significantly influencing tourists’ perception except for service quality. In other words,
tourists’ perceptions of Kota Bharu are positively related to spirituality, brand destination and cultural
attributes. Tourists’ perceptions play a crucial role as this will affect the future tourist arrivals in the
state. Thus, the findings of the study will be useful in helping policy planners to understand how
tourists perceived Kota Bharu and design policies to increase tourism receipts and to preserve tourism
attributes.