MyMedR

Fulltext Iliotibial band tension reduces patellar lateral stability

Merican AM, Iranpour F, Amis AA

J Orthop Res, 2009 Mar;27(3):335-9.

PMID: 18925647 DOI: 10.1002/jor.20756

This study investigated the effect of loading the iliotibial band (ITB) on the stability of the patellofemoral joint. We measured the restraining force required to displace the patella 10 mm medially and laterally (defined as medial and lateral stability, respectively) in 14 fresh-frozen knees from 0 to 90 degrees knee flexion. The testing rig allowed the patella to rotate and translate freely during this displacement. The quadriceps was separated into five components and loaded with 175 N total tension. Testing was performed at 0 to 90 N ITB tension. With no ITB tension, the lateral restraining force ranged from 82 to 101 N across 0 to 90 degrees flexion. Increasing ITB tension caused progressive reduction of the lateral restraining force. The maximum reduction was 25% at 60 degrees flexion and 90 N ITB tension. Medial restraining force increased progressively with increasing knee flexion and increasing ITB loads; it ranged from 74 N at 0 degrees knee flexion and 0 N ITB tension to 211 N at 90 degrees knee flexion and 90 N ITB tension. The maximum effect was an increase of medial restraining force of 50% at 90 degrees flexion and 90 N ITB tension.

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

A larynx holder: a device for training in microlaryngeal surgery

Mohamed AS, McCulloch TM

Laryngoscope, 2004 Jun;114(6):1128-9.

PMID: 15179226

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Variant course of posterior circumflex humeral artery associated with the abnormal origin of radial collateral artery: could it mimic the quadrangular space syndrome?

Mohandas Rao KG, Somayaji SN, Ashwini LS, Ravindra S, Abhinitha P, Rao A, et al.

Acta Med Iran, 2012;50(8):572-6.

PMID: 23109033

Variations in the origin of axillary artery branches are common. But, distinctly abnormal course of its posterior circumflex humeral branch is rare. We are reporting a case of posterior circumflex humeral artery (PCHA) originating from the axillary artery, passing through lower triangular space to reach the scapular region where it accompanied the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral vein to pass around surgical neck of humerus, deep to the fibers of deltoid. Other variations observed in this specimen were the radial collateral artery arising from the PCHA, middle collateral artery arising directly from the brachial artery and absence of profunda brachii artery. PCHA forming a hair pin loop, traversing through lower triangular space instead of quadrangular space taking a long course is being reported for the first time. Further, the clinical and surgical importance of this case especially in relation with quadrangular space syndrome and relevant literature is discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Absence of the Musculocutaneous Nerve and Associated Compensation by the Median Nerve

Moore K, Prasad AM, Satheesha Nayak B

Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ), 2021 6 24;18(71):313-315.

PMID: 34158443

The musculocutaneous and median nerves frequently show variations from their normal course. The purpose of this paper is to report a rare variation, in which the right musculocutaneous nerve was absent. Consequently, the median nerve supplied motor innervation to the flexor compartment of the arm and sensory innervation to the lateral aspect of the forearm. The primary targets of this paper are orthopedic surgeons, anesthesiologists and radiologists. In cases of injuries to the upper limb, knowledge of these variations can assist them in avoiding misdiagnoses.

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Outcome of overseas kidney transplantation in Malaysia

Morad Z, Lim TO

Transplant Proc, 2000 Nov;32(7):1485-6.

PMID: 11119799

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Fulltext Nerve compression due to an abnormal muscle

Myint K

Med J Malaysia, 1981 Dec;36(4):227-9.

PMID: 7334958

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Permeation Studies of Captopril Transdermal Films Through Human Cadaver Skin

Nair RS, Nair S

Curr Drug Deliv, 2015;12(5):517-23.

PMID: 25675336

Mortality rate due to heart diseases increases dramatically with age. Captopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE) used effectively for the management of hypertension. Due to short elimination half-life of captopril the oral dose is very high. Captopril is prone to oxidation and it has been reported that the oxidation rate of captopril in skin tissues is considerably low when compared to intestinal tissues. All these factors make captopril an ideal drug candidate for transdermal delivery. In this research work an effort was made to formulate transdermal films of captopril by utilizing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as film formers and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) as a plasticizer. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and dimethylformamide (DMF) were used as permeation enhancers. Physicochemical parameters of the films such as appearance, thickness, weight variation and drug content were evaluated. The invitro permeation studies were carried out through excised human cadaver skin using Franz diffusion cells. The in-vitro permeation studies demonstrated that the film (P4) having the polymer ratio (PVP:PVA = 80:20) with DMSO (10%) resulted a promising drug release of 79.58% at 24 hours with a flux of 70.0 µg/cm(2)/hr. No signs of erythema or oedema were observed on the rabbit skin as a result of skin irritation study by Draize test. Based on the stability report it was confirmed that the films were physically and chemically stable, hence the prepared films are very well suited for transdermal application.

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Fulltext Arthroscopic mumford procedure utilizing the anteromedial and neviaser portals – a pilot cadaveric study on neurovascular structures at risk

Nasir Mohd Nizlan, Azfar Rizal Ahmad, Hisham Abdul Rashid, Paisal Hussin, Che Hamzah Fahrudin, Abdullah Arifaizad, et al.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2016;12(2):16-20.

MyJurnal

Introduction: Degenerative disorder involving the acromioclavicular
joint (ACJ) is quite common especially in the elderly.
One of the surgical modalities of treatment of this disorder is the
Mumford Procedure. Arthroscopic approach is preferred due to
its reduced morbidity and faster post-operative recovery. One
method utilizes the anteromedial and Neviaser portals, which
allow direct and better visualization of the ACJ from the
subacromial space. However, the dangers that may arise from
incision and insertion of instruments through these portals are
not fully understood. This cadaveric study was carried out to
investigate the dangers that can arise from utilization of these
portals and which structures are at risk during this procedure.
Methods: Arthroscopic Mumford procedures were performed
on 5 cadaver shoulders by a single surgeon utilizing the
anteromedial and Neviaser portals. After marking each portals
with methylene blue, dissection of nearby structures were
carried out immediately after each procedure was completed.
Important structures (subclavian artery as well as brachial plexus
and its branches) were identified and the nearest measurements
were made from each portal edges to these structures. Results:
The anteromedial portal was noted to be closest to the
suprascapular nerve (SSN) at 2.91 cm, while the Neviaser portal
was noted to be closest also to the SSN at 1.60 cm. The
suprascapular nerve was the structure most at risk during the
Mumford procedure. The anteromedial portal was noted to be
the most risky portal to utilize compared to the Neviaser portal.
Conclusion: Extra precaution needs to be given to the
anteromedial portal while performing an arthroscopic distal
clavicle resection in view of the risk of injuring the
suprascapular nerve of the affected limb.

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Variant origin of an arterial trunk from axillary artery continuing as profunda brachii artery--a unique arterial variation in the axilla and its clinical implications

Naveen K, Jyothsna P, Nayak SB, Mohandas RK, Swamy RS, Deepthinath R, et al.

Ethiop J Health Sci, 2014 Jan;24(1):93-6.

PMID: 24591805

BACKGROUND: Axillary artery is known to show different variations mostly in its branching pattern. Similarly, the origin of profunda brachii is often encountered with abnormality. Therefore, when the vascular variations in the upper limb persist, mostly it is confined to its branching pattern followed by its variant origin. But, among all the reported variations of profunda brachii, its variant origin from the 3rd part of the axillary artery with common trunk for the branches of axillary artery is unique.

CASE DETAILS: We report here an anomalous origin of profunda brachii as continuation of an arterial trunk arising from 3rd part of the axillary artery. This common trunk at its commencement passed between 2 roots of median nerve and gave branches of 3rd part of axillary artery before it continued as profunda brachii artery. The further course and branching pattern of profunda brachii were normal.

CONCLUSION: Since the axillary artery is next choice of artery for arterial cannulation in cardiopulmonary bypass procedures, prior knowledge of existence of such variation in its branching pattern helps in avoiding possible diagnostic or interventional therapeutic errors.

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Fulltext A strange case of double annular pancreas

Nayak S, Pamidi N, George BM, Guru A

JOP, 2013 Jan;14(1):96-8.

PMID: 23306345 DOI: 10.6092/1590-8577/1281

The pancreas is a soft lobulated gland situated transversely across the upper part of the posterior abdominal wall. Its parts include the head, neck, body and tail. Annular pancreas is a rare condition where the head of the pancreas surrounds the second part of the duodenum like a ring.

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Fulltext Multiple Loops of External and Internal Carotid Arteries Vulnerable in Surgical and Radiological Procedures

Nayak S, Kumar N

Balkan Med J, 2018 05 29;35(3):285-286.

PMID: 29843502 DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.2017.1179

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Common celiaco-mesenterico-phrenic trunk and renal vascular variations

Nayak S

Saudi Med J, 2006 Dec;27(12):1894-6.

PMID: 17143371

The knowledge of vascular variations like other anatomical variations, is important during the operative, diagnostic, and endovascular procedures in abdomen. This report describes multiple variations in the upper abdominal vessels as found during the routine dissection in a 60-year-old male cadaver. The variations found were; presence of a celiaco-mesenterico-phrenic trunk, a common inferior phrenic trunk, 2 right renal arteries originating from abdominal aorta, 2 suprarenal arteries originating from the lower right renal artery, 3 right renal veins opening separately into inferior vena cava, and termination of right testicular vein into the lowest vein among the 3 right renal veins. The existence of a celiaco-mesenterico-phrenic trunk has not been reported yet. Although, other variations reported in this case exist as individual variations, a concomitant variation of them has not been reported yet. The knowledge of such variations is quite useful in planning any upper abdominal surgery.

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Anomalous Course of Facial Artery Through the Submandibular Gland and its Redundant Loop at the Base of Mandible

Nayak SB, Vasudeva SK, Pamidi N, Sirasanagandla SR

J Craniofac Surg, 2020 Oct;31(7):2015-2016.

PMID: 32472879 DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000006539

Knowledge of variant course and branching pattern of the facial artery gains importance in the surgeries of upper neck and face. The authors report a unilateral anomalous course and a redundant loop of right facial artery as seen in an adult male cadaver. The right facial artery had its origin from the external carotid artery. It pierced through the submandibular salivary gland and formed a redundant loop at the base of the mandible. Its further course and branching pattern was normal. This case could be important for radiologists, plastic surgeons and craniofacial surgeons.

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Fulltext Anomalous peritoneal band connecting greater omentum to the ascending colon: a possible cause for dilation of ascending colon

Nayak SB, Soumya KV

Anat Cell Biol, 2020 Sep 30;53(3):372-375.

PMID: 32647076 DOI: 10.5115/acb.20.082

Anomalies of the peritoneum and the colon are quite common. Some of these anomalies can disturb the normal digestive and absorptive functions of the intestine and the others might result in formation of volvulus or impede the blood supply of the intestine. We report a rare, combined variation of peritoneum and ascending colon. In a 70-year-old male cadaver, the greater omentum was very small and extended only for about an inch below the transverse colon. From its lower end, a fibrous band extended to the right wall of the upper part of ascending colon. There was a deep constriction on the right wall of the ascending colon at the site of attachment of the fibrous band. The ascending colon was grossly dilated. Further, the ascending colon was mobile and presented a small ascending mesocolon along its left edge. We discuss the possible embryological basis and clinical and surgical relevance of the case.

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Transposition and variant termination of azygos and hemiazygos veins: an extremely rare variation

Nayak SB, Soumya KV

Surg Radiol Anat, 2020 Nov;42(11):1303-1306.

PMID: 32328708 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-020-02471-1

Azygos system of veins is the main source of venous drainage from the thoracic wall. Knowledge of azygos vein anomalies could be of importance to cardiothoracic surgeons and radiologists. We report a rare variation of azygos vein as seen in an adult male cadaver aged 65 years approximately. The azygos vein was formed by the union of left ascending lumbar and subcostal veins. It coursed upwards on the left side of descending thoracic aorta and crossed the left subclavian artery and the left vagus to terminate into the left brachiocephalic vein. It received left superior intercostal vein and left fifth to eleventh posterior intercostal veins. The hemiazygos and accessory hemiazygos veins were situated on the right side of the vertebral column. They received the right posterior intercostal veins and terminated into the azygos vein at the level of eighth thoracic vertebra.

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Fulltext Surgical and embryological perspective of a big loop of internal carotid artery extending laterally beyond internal jugular vein

Nayak SB, Shetty SD

Surg Radiol Anat, 2021 Mar;43(3):413-416.

PMID: 33231750 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-020-02619-z

Knowledge of variations of the internal carotid artery is significant to surgeons and radiologists. The internal carotid artery normally runs a straight course in the neck. Its anomalies can lead to its iatrogenic injuries. We report a case of a large loop of the internal carotid artery in a male cadaver aged about 75 years. The common carotid artery terminated by dividing it into the external carotid artery and internal carotid arteries at the level of the upper border of the thyroid cartilage. From the level of origin, the internal carotid artery coursed upwards, backwards and laterally, and formed a large loop behind the internal jugular vein. The variation was found on the left side of the neck and was unilateral. The uncommon looping of the internal carotid artery might result in altered blood flow to the brain and may lead to misperceptions in surgical, imaging, and invasive procedures.

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Fulltext Sternocleidohyoid muscle: an unreported variant of cleidohyoid muscle

Nayak SB, Shetty SD

Surg Radiol Anat, 2021 Aug;43(8):1327-1330.

PMID: 33527215 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-021-02682-0

Sternohyoid, sternothyroid, omohyoid, and thyrohyoid muscles are collectively known as infrahyoid muscles. These muscles frequently show variations in their attachments. Here, an extremely rare variant muscle belonging to this group has been presented. During cadaveric dissection for undergraduate medical students, an additional muscle was found between sternohyoid and superior belly of omohyoid muscles bilaterally in a male cadaver aged approximately 70 years. This muscle took its origin from posterior surface of the manubrium sterni, capsule of the sternoclavicular joint and the posterior surface of the medial part of the clavicle. It was inserted to the hyoid bone between the attachments of sternohyoid and superior belly of omohyoid muscles and was supplied by a branch of ansa cervicalis profunda. There is no report on such a muscle in the literature and it could be named as "sternocleidohyoid muscle". Knowledge of this muscle could be useful in neck surgeries.

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Fulltext Partial duplication of tentorium cerebelli and complete duplication of falx cerebelli

Nayak SB, Shetty SD

Anat Cell Biol, 2019 Sep;52(3):337-339.

PMID: 31598364 DOI: 10.5115/acb.19.017

Variations of the dural folds and the dural venous sinuses are infrequently reported in the existing medical literature. Such variations in the posterior cranial fossa may pose difficulties in various analytical and surgical procedures of this region. We present a rare concurrent variation of the falx cerebelli and tentorium cerebelli that was detected during routine dissection of an adult male cadaver. While removing the brain, a partial duplication of tentorium cerebelli was observed below the left half of the tentorium cerebelli and above the left cerebellar hemisphere. This fold did not have any dural venous sinus in it. Further, a complete duplication of falx cerebelli with a single occipital venous sinus within its attached border was also observed. We present the review of literature and discuss the comparative anatomy of this case.

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Fulltext First report of maggots of family Piophilidae recovered from human cadavers in Malaysia

Nazni WA, Jeffery J, Sa'diyah I, Noorjuliana WM, Chen CD, Rohayu SA, et al.

Trop Biomed, 2008 Aug;25(2):173-5.

PMID: 18948890

Piophila casei (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Piophilidae) is reported from human cadavers in two separate forensic cases for the first time in Malaysia. Both bodies were found indoors. The first case, was that of a male of unknown nationality and age and also contained maggots of the muscid Ophyra spinigera (Stein). The second case was a female Chinese whose body also contained other species of maggots but these were not identifiable.

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver*

Organ transplantation in Malaysia: a social-legal study

Ngah AC

Taiwan Yi Xue Ren Wen Xue Kan, 2005 Sep;6(1-2):39-48.

PMID: 16538765

Kidney and corneal transplants have been undertaken since the seventies although other forms of organ transplantation were lesser known. To date more than 1000 kidney transplants, the majority from living related donors have been performed. Nevertheless heart, lung and liver transplant only had an impact in the nineties. The main reason being, the lack of cadaveric donors, which has hampered the development of organ transplantation in Malaysia. It is instructive to note that the Malaysian society has been rather conservative when it comes to organ transplantation. This is compounded by the Asean culture and value system, which are directly derived from our historical background and religious convictions. However attempts had been made by various organisations such as The Malaysian Society of Transplantation, which was set up in 1994 to create greater awareness on organ donation & transplantation amongst both the healthcare professionals and the public.

Matched MeSH terms: Cadaver

Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 150 in total