Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 2525 in total

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  1. Fulltext A novel hybrid classification model of genetic algorithms, modified k-Nearest Neighbor and developed backpropagation neural network
    Salari N, Shohaimi S, Najafi F, Nallappan M, Karishnarajah I
    PLoS One, 2014;9(11):e112987.
    PMID: 25419659 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112987
    Among numerous artificial intelligence approaches, k-Nearest Neighbor algorithms, genetic algorithms, and artificial neural networks are considered as the most common and effective methods in classification problems in numerous studies. In the present study, the results of the implementation of a novel hybrid feature selection-classification model using the above mentioned methods are presented. The purpose is benefitting from the synergies obtained from combining these technologies for the development of classification models. Such a combination creates an opportunity to invest in the strength of each algorithm, and is an approach to make up for their deficiencies. To develop proposed model, with the aim of obtaining the best array of features, first, feature ranking techniques such as the Fisher's discriminant ratio and class separability criteria were used to prioritize features. Second, the obtained results that included arrays of the top-ranked features were used as the initial population of a genetic algorithm to produce optimum arrays of features. Third, using a modified k-Nearest Neighbor method as well as an improved method of backpropagation neural networks, the classification process was advanced based on optimum arrays of the features selected by genetic algorithms. The performance of the proposed model was compared with thirteen well-known classification models based on seven datasets. Furthermore, the statistical analysis was performed using the Friedman test followed by post-hoc tests. The experimental findings indicated that the novel proposed hybrid model resulted in significantly better classification performance compared with all 13 classification methods. Finally, the performance results of the proposed model was benchmarked against the best ones reported as the state-of-the-art classifiers in terms of classification accuracy for the same data sets. The substantial findings of the comprehensive comparative study revealed that performance of the proposed model in terms of classification accuracy is desirable, promising, and competitive to the existing state-of-the-art classification models.
    Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/classification; Cardiology/classification; Diabetes Mellitus/classification; Pathology, Clinical/classification*
  2. ICHI Categorial Structure: a WHO-FIC Tool for Semantic Interoperability of Procedures Classifications
    Aljunid SM, Rodrigues JM, Best L, Ahmed Z, Reeza Mustaffa H, Trombert B, et al.
    Stud Health Technol Inform, 2015;216:1090.
    PMID: 26262389
    Casemix grouping using procedures classifications has become an important use case for health care terminologies. There are so many different national procedures classifications used for Casemix grouping that it is not possible to agree on a worldwide standard. ICHI (International Classification of Health Interventions) is proposing an approach that standardises only the terminologies' model structure. The poster shows the use of the ICHI alpha to replace ICD9 CM Volume 3 in the UNU-CBG International Casemix grouper.
    Matched MeSH terms: International Classification of Diseases/classification; International Classification of Diseases/standards*
  3. Fulltext Did we do it right?--an evaluation of the colour coding system for antenatal care in Malaysia
    Ravindran J, Shamsuddin K, Selvaraju S
    Med J Malaysia, 2003 Mar;58(1):37-53.
    PMID: 14556325
    Identification of pregnancies that are at greater than average risk is a fundamental component of antenatal care. The objective of this study was to assess the level of appropriate management and outcomes among mothers with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, postdates and anemia in pregnancy, and to determine whether the colour coding system had any effect on the maternal mortality ratios. A retrospective follow-through study confined to users of government health services in Peninsular Malaysia was carried out in 1997. The study areas were stratified according to their high or low maternal mortality ratios. The study randomly sampled 1112 mothers out of 8388 mothers with the three common obstetric problems in the selected study districts. The study showed that the prevalence of anemia, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and postmaturity among mothers with these conditions were according to known international standards. There was no significant difference in the colour coding practices between the high and low maternal mortality areas. Inappropriate referrals were surprisingly lower in the areas with high maternal mortality. Inappropriate care by diagnosis and by assigned colour code were significantly higher in the areas with high maternal mortality. The assigned colour code was accurate in only 56.1% of cases in the low maternal mortality areas and in 55.8% of the cases in the high maternal mortality areas and these two areas did not differ significantly in their accurate assignment of the colour codes. The colour coding system, as it exists now should be reviewed. Instead, a substantially revised system that takes cognisance of evidence in the scientific literature should be used to devise a more effective system that can be used by health care personnel involved in antenatal care to ensure appropriate level of care and referrals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Forms and Records Control/classification*; Medical Records/classification*; Pregnancy Complications/classification*; Prenatal Care/classification*
  4. Recommended parameters for pathology reporting of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (GEP-NETs)
    Malays J Pathol, 2018 Apr;40(1):79-82.
    PMID: 29704389
    No abstract available.
    Matched MeSH terms: Intestinal Neoplasms/classification*; Pancreatic Neoplasms/classification*; Stomach Neoplasms/classification*; Neuroendocrine Tumors/classification*
  5. Blackfly vectors of zoonotic onchocerciasis in Japan
    Takaoka H, Fukuda M, Otsuka Y, Aoki C, Uni S, Bain O
    Med Vet Entomol, 2012 Dec;26(4):372-8.
    PMID: 22827756 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01023.x
    Studies of blackfly vectors of Onchocerca dewittei japonica Uni, Bain & Takaoka (Spirurida: Onchocercidae), a parasite of wild boar implicated in the aetiology of zoonotic onchocerciasis in Japan, and six other zoonotic Onchocerca species of this country are reviewed. Molecular identification of infective larvae found in wild-caught female blackflies showed that Simulium bidentatum (Shiraki) (Diptera: Simuliidae) is a natural vector of O. dewittei japonica, and also Onchocerca sp. sensu Fukuda et al., another parasite of wild boar. Inoculation experiments demonstrated that Simulium arakawae Matsumura and four other Simulium species are putative vectors. Similarly, S. arakawae, S. bidentatum and Simulium oitanum (Shiraki) are putative vectors of Onchocerca eberhardi Uni & Bain and Onchocerca skrjabini Rukhlyadev, parasites of sika deer. Morphometric studies of infective larvae indicated that Onchocerca lienalis Stiles, a bovine species, is transmitted by S. arakawae, Simulium daisense (Takahasi) and Simulium kyushuense Takaoka, and that Onchocerca sp. sensu Takaoka & Bain, another bovine species, is transmitted by S. arakawae, S. bidentatum, S. daisense and S. oitanum. Prosimulium sp. (Diptera: Simuliidae) and Simulium japonicum Matsumura are suspected vectors of Onchocerca suzukii Yagi, Bain & Shoho and O. skrjabini [Twinnia japonensis Rubtsov (Diptera: Simuliidae) may also transmit the latter], parasites of Japanese serow, following detection of the parasites' DNA genes in wild-caught blackflies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceratopogonidae/classification; Insect Vectors/classification; Onchocerca/classification; Simuliidae/classification
  6. Total anti-oxidant capacity, flavonoid, phenolic acid and polyphenol content in ten selected species of Zingiberaceae rhizomes
    Alafiatayo AA, Syahida A, Mahmood M
    Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med, 2014;11(3):7-13.
    PMID: 25371557
    BACKGROUND: Natural products such as herbs, fruits, spices, beverages, vegetables are becoming more popular among scientific community and consumers because of their potential to arrest the effect of free radicals in human system. This study determined the total antioxidant capacity of ten selected species of Zingiberaceae (Ginger) used as spices and for medicinal purposes in Southeast Asia.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Methanol was used as the extraction solvent, 2,2 - diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) for free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Phenolic compounds were measured using Total flavonoid, Phenolic acid and Polyphenols content assay to evaluate the quality of the antioxidant capacity of the rhizomes and vitamin C as positive control.

    RESULTS: The results obtained revealed that Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale had the highest free radical scavenging capacity of 270.07mg/TE/g DW and 266.95mg/TE/g DW and FRAP assay, Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale also gave the highest ferric reducing power of 231.73mg/TE/g DW and 176.26mg/TE/g DW respectively. For Phenolic compounds, Curcuma longa and Curcuma xanthorrhiza gave the highest values of flavonoid (741.36mg/NGN/g DW and 220.53mg/NGN/g DW), phenolic acid (42.71mg/GAE/g DW and 22.03mg/GAE/g DW) and polyphenols (39.38mg/GAE/g DW and 38.01mg/GAE/g DW) respectively. Significant and positive linear correlations were found between Total antioxidant capacity and Phenolic compounds (R = 0.65 - 0.96).

    CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence that extracts of Zingiberaceae (Ginger) rhizomes are a potential source of natural antioxidants and could serve as basis for future drugs and food supplements.

    Matched MeSH terms: Rhizome/classification; Zingiberaceae/classification
  7. Fulltext Analysis of Antarctic proteobacteria by PCR fingerprinting and screening for antimicrobial secondary metabolites
    Lee LH, Cheah YK, Nurul Syakima AM, Shiran MS, Tang YL, Lin HP, et al.
    Genet. Mol. Res., 2012;11(2):1627-41.
    PMID: 22782582 DOI: 10.4238/2012.June.15.12
    Fifty-seven proteobacterium species were successfully isolated from soils of Barrientos Island of the Antarctic using 11 different isolation media. Analysis of 16S rDNA sequencing of these isolates showed that they belonged to eight different genera, namely Bradyrhizobium, Sphingomonas, Methylobacterium, Caulobacter, Paracoccus, Ralstonia, Rhizobium, and Staphylococcus. All isolates were studied for capability of producing antimicrobial and antifungal secondary metabolites using high-throughput screening models. Approximately 23 (13/57) and 2% (1/57) of isolates inhibited growth of Candida albicans ATCC 10231(T) and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 51650(T), respectively. These results indicated that proteobacterium species isolates from Antarctic could serve as potential source of useful bioactive metabolites. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR fingerprinting produced nine clusters and 13 single isolates, with a high D value of 0.9248. RAPD fingerprinting produced six clusters and 13 single isolates, with a relatively low D value of 0.7776. ERIC-PCR analysis proved to have better discrimination capability than RAPD analysis and generated better clustering for all proteobacterium species isolates. We conclude that ERIC-PCR is a robust, reliable and rapid molecular typing method for discriminating different genera of proteobacteria.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bradyrhizobium/classification; Proteobacteria/classification
  8. Analytical methods for gelatin differentiation from bovine and porcine origins and food products
    Nhari RM, Ismail A, Che Man YB
    J Food Sci, 2012 Jan;77(1):R42-6.
    PMID: 22260124 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02514.x
    Usage of gelatin in food products has been widely debated for several years, which is about the source of gelatin that has been used, religion, and health. As an impact, various analytical methods have been introduced and developed to differentiate gelatin whether it is made from porcine or bovine sources. The analytical methods comprise a diverse range of equipment and techniques including spectroscopy, chemical precipitation, chromatography, and immunochemical. Each technique can differentiate gelatins for certain extent with advantages and limitations. This review is focused on overview of the analytical methods available for differentiation of bovine and porcine gelatin and gelatin in food products so that new method development can be established.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Proteins/classification; Gelatin/classification
  9. Fulltext Morphometric and meristic variation in two congeneric archer fishes Toxotes chatareus (Hamilton 1822) and Toxotes jaculatrix (Pallas 1767) inhabiting Malaysian coastal waters
    Simon KD, Bakar Y, Temple SE, Mazlan AG
    J Zhejiang Univ Sci B, 2010 Nov;11(11):871-9.
    PMID: 21043056 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.B1000054
    A simple yet useful criterion based on external markings and/or number of dorsal spines is currently used to differentiate two congeneric archer fish species Toxotes chatareus and Toxotes jaculatrix. Here we investigate other morphometric and meristic characters that can also be used to differentiate these two species. Principal component and/or discriminant functions revealed that meristic characters were highly correlated with pectoral fin ray count, number of lateral line scales, as well as number of anal fin rays. The results indicate that T. chatareus can be distinguished from T. jaculatrix by having a greater number of lateral line scales, a lower number of pectoral fin rays, and a higher number of anal fin rays. In contrast, morphometric discriminant analyses gave relatively low distinction: 76.1% of fish were ascribed to the correct species cluster. The observed morphometric differences came from the dorsal and anal spines lengths, with T. chatareus having shorter dorsal and longer anal spines than T. jaculatrix. Overall, meristic traits were more useful than morphometrics in differentiating the two species; nevertheless, meristics and morphometrics together provide information about the morphological differentiation between these two closely related archer fishes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fishes/classification*; Animals, Congenic/classification*
  10. Isozyme analysis and relationships among three species in Malaysian Trichoderma isolates
    Siddiquee S, Tan SG, Yusof UK
    J Microbiol Biotechnol, 2010 Sep;20(9):1266-75.
    PMID: 20890090
    Isozyme and protein electrophoresis data from mycelial extracts of 27 isolates of Trichoderma harzianum, 10 isolates of T. aureoviride and 10 isolates of T. longibrachiatum from Southern Peninsular Malaysia were investigated. The eight enzyme and a single protein pattern systems were analyzed. Three isozyme and total protein patterns were shown to be useful for the detection of three Trichoderma species. The isozyme and protein data were analyzed using the Nei and Li Dice similarity coefficient for pairwise comparison between individual isolates, species isolate group, and for generating a distance matrix. The UPGMA cluster analysis showed a higher degree of relationship between T. harzianum and T. aureoviride than to T. longibrachiatum. These results suggested that the T. harzianum isolates had high levels of genetic variation compared to the other isolates of Trichoderma species.
    Matched MeSH terms: Trichoderma/classification*; Mycelium/classification
  11. Three new species of Leptolalax from Thailand (Amphibia, Anura, Megophryidae)
    Matsui M
    Zoolog Sci, 2006 Sep;23(9):821-30.
    PMID: 17043405
    Three new megophryid species, Leptolalax melanoleucus, L. fuliginosus, and L. solus, are described from southwestern and southern Thailand on the bases of acoustic and morphological characteristics. Leptolalax melanoleucus and L. fuliginosus are similar to L. pelodytoides from northern Thailand, but differ from it completely in advertisement call characteristics and ventral color. Leptolalax solus is similar to L. heteropus from peninsular Malaysia, but differs from it by advertisement call, as well as by some body proportions. The distributional pattern of Leptolalax within Thailand is discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anura/classification*; Vocalization, Animal/classification*
  12. [A genetically isolated population of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Malaysia]
    Naumov GI, Serpova EV, Naumova ES
    Mikrobiologiia, 2006 Mar-Apr;75(2):245-9.
    PMID: 16758873
    A divergent population of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been identified in Malaysia by molecular and genetic analysis. It has also demonstrated that the yeast S. bayanus may be found in South America. Problems of the origin of S. cerevisiae are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Saccharomyces/classification; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/classification*
  13. Calcific pancreatitis: the Indian plague
    Rupa B, Rao GV, Nageshwar R
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jul;60 Suppl B:99-100.
    PMID: 16108186
    Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/classification; Pancreatitis/classification
  14. Fulltext Carcinoma of the uterine cervix: a review of its pathology and commentary on the problem in Malaysians
    Cheah PL, Looi LM
    Malays J Pathol, 1999 Jun;21(1):1-15.
    PMID: 10879274
    Since its recognition about 150 years ago, there has been much progress in the understanding of the pathogenesis, prevention, early detection and management of carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Important historical landmarks include the (1) recognition of pre-invasive and pre-clinical lesions, and the devise of various systems for reporting these lesions, (2) improvements in diagnostic techniques particularly colposcopy, (3) advent of therapeutic procedures (electrocoagulation, cryotherapy, laser therapy and loop electrosurgical excision), and (4) recognition of the aetiological relationship between the human papillomavirus and cervical neoplasia. The susceptibility of the cervical transformation zone to malignant change is now well recognised. The WHO classification system remains the one most commonly utilised for histological reporting of cervical cancers. In the recent 1994 update, cervical carcinoma is divided into 3 main categories: squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and other epithelial tumours. Squamous cell carcinoma (60-80%) predominates among invasive cervical carcinoma. Recognised variants include verrucous, warty (condylomatous), papillary squamous (transitional) and lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma. Adenocarcinoma (5-15% of invasive carcinomas) shows an increasing trend in young females. Like its squamous counterpart, preinvasive and microinvasive versions are known. Variants such as mucinous, endometrioid, clear cell, mesonephric, serous, villoglandular and minimal deviation carcinoma are now defined. Adenosquamous carcinoma (5-25%), adenoid-cystic, adenoid-basal, neuroendocrine and undifferentiated carcinomas constitute other epithelial tumours of the cervix. The management of invasive cervical carcinoma remains heavily dependent on its stage. The FIGO staging system remains the most widely used. The 1995 update provides more definite criteria in subdividing stage IA tumours by delimiting stromal invasion of stage IA1 lesions to a maximum depth of 3 mm and a horizontal axis of 7 mm. In Malaysia, an appreciation of the cervical carcinoma problem has to take into consideration the population at risk, its multi-ethnicity, its socio-economic and geographical diversities and the constraints of the health care system. Females form 48.9% of the Malaysian population. 52.9% of them are in the sexually active age group of 15-50 years, indicating a significant population at risk for cervical carcinoma. Cervical carcinoma was the third most common cause of death due to solid tumours among Malaysian females in 1995 following carcinoma of the breast and respiratory tract. East Malaysia is predominantly rural with many communities having limited modern facilities. Such areas imply a lower educational and socio-economic status, raising the worry of a population at higher risk for developing cervical carcinoma. The population: doctor for Malaysia of 2153:1 compares poorly with nearby Singapore. Besides a shortage of doctors, there is also an uneven distribution of doctors, resulting in a ratio in East Malaysia of > 4000:1. Although Malaysia does not have a national cervical cancer-screening programme, many action plans and cancer awareness campaigns have been launched throughout the years, which appear to have made an impact as evidenced by the decreasing mortality rates from cervical carcinoma. Another interesting feature of cervical carcinoma in Malaysia relates to its multiethnic population. In Malaysian Chinese and Malay females, the prevalence of cervical carcinoma ranks second to breast cancer whereas the pattern is reversed in Malaysian Indian females. Studies into its aetiology and pathogenesis are being undertaken and may shed more light on this matter.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma/classification; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/classification
  15. Chiggers of the genus Helenicula of the Old World including descriptions of 9 new species (Acarina: Prostigmata, Trombiculidae)
    Nadchatram M, Traub R
    J Med Entomol, 1971 Dec 15;8(5):562-97.
    PMID: 5160263
    Matched MeSH terms: Larva/classification; Mites/classification*
  16. Two new coccidian parasites from the grand anglehead lizard, Gonocephalus grandis from Peninsular Malaysia
    Maupin RS, Diong CH, McQuistion TE
    J Parasitol, 1998 Dec;84(6):1210-2.
    PMID: 9920316
    During 3 collecting expeditions between October 1996 and December 1996, fecal samples were obtained from 43 adult Gonocephalus grandis from Tanah Rata and the Cameron Highlands in Peninsular Malaysia. Two species of coccidia (Isospora gonocephali n. sp. [9/43, 23%] and Eimeria cameronensis n. sp. [3/43, 7%]) were discovered. Sporulated oocysts of I. gonocephali are subspherical to ovoidal, 22.3 x 18.7 (19-25 x 17-23) microm with a bilayered wall composed of a thin inner wall and a striated outer wall with a pitted surface; oocyst residuum absent; 1 polar granule present; sporocysts are almond-shaped, 13.5 x 9.2 (12-15 x 8.5-10) microm, Stieda body broad, domelike, substieda body fanlike, sporocyst residuum consisting of coarse, nonuniform granules in an amorphous cluster; sporozoites sausage-shaped with 1 large terminal, refractile body and lay randomly in the sporocyst. Sporulated oocysts of E. cameronensis are bilayered, smooth-walled, ellipsoidal, 26.5 x 12.4 (25-28 x 12-13) microm; with 1, small, polar granule composed of 2-3 splinter-like structures fused together; oocyst residuum absent; sporocysts ovoidal, almost rectangular-shaped 8.8 x 6.6 (8-9 x 5-7) microm, with no Stieda or substieda bodies, containing scattered residuum and 2 sausage-shaped sporozoites with 1 terminal, ovoidal refractile body. No individual lizard was host to both coccidian species.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eimeria/classification*; Isospora/classification*
  17. Fulltext Phylogenomics of the genus Tursiops and closely related Delphininae reveals extensive reticulation among lineages and provides inference about eco-evolutionary drivers
    Moura AE, Shreves K, Pilot M, Andrews KR, Moore DM, Kishida T, et al.
    Mol Phylogenet Evol, 2020 05;146:106756.
    PMID: 32028032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106756
    Phylogeographic inference has provided extensive insight into the relative roles of geographical isolation and ecological processes during evolutionary radiations. However, the importance of cross-lineage admixture in facilitating adaptive radiations is increasingly being recognised, and suggested as a main cause of phylogenetic uncertainty. In this study, we used a double digest RADseq protocol to provide a high resolution (~4 Million bp) nuclear phylogeny of the Delphininae. Phylogenetic resolution of this group has been especially intractable, likely because it has experienced a recent species radiation. We carried out cross-lineage reticulation analyses, and tested for several sources of potential bias in determining phylogenies from genome sampling data. We assessed the divergence time and historical demography of T. truncatus and T. aduncus by sequencing the T. aduncus genome and comparing it with the T. truncatus reference genome. Our results suggest monophyly for the genus Tursiops, with the recently proposed T. australis species falling within the T. aduncus lineage. We also show the presence of extensive cross-lineage gene flow between pelagic and European coastal ecotypes of T. truncatus, as well as in the early stages of diversification between spotted (Stenella frontalis; Stenella attenuata), spinner (Stenella longirostris), striped (Stenella coeruleoalba), common (Delphinus delphis), and Fraser's (Lagenodelphis hosei) dolphins. Our study suggests that cross-lineage gene flow in this group has been more extensive and complex than previously thought. In the context of biogeography and local habitat dependence, these results improve our understanding of the evolutionary processes determining the history of this lineage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dolphins/classification*; Stenella/classification
  18. Diversity of monogeneans in Southeast Asia
    Lim LH
    Int J Parasitol, 1998 Oct;28(10):1495-515.
    PMID: 9801913
    The diversity of monogeneans from Southeast Asia was examined using information from the literature to show their diversity at different taxonomic (subclass, family, genera, species) levels. Knowledge of monogeneans is still incomplete in Southeast Asia and the present numbers of monogeneans are likely an underestimate of what is present on/in aquatic organisms in the region, since so few hosts have been examined. An estimate of the possible numbers of monogeneans that could be present on/in fishes and turtles in Peninsular Malaysia indicates that only 8% of the monogeneans are presently known. Analysis of the available data on monogenean diversity (or species richness) at different taxonomic levels will provide useful information on their distribution patterns. There is an uneven distribution of investigations on this topic and Malayan fauna is considered to be representative of the Southeast Asian fauna. Southeast Asian (Sundaland) monogeneans are related (at the generic level) to the monogenean fauna of South China, India and Africa.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fishes/classification; Trematoda/classification*
  19. Flea-borne pathogens in the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis and their association with mtDNA diversity of the flea host
    Azrizal-Wahid N, Sofian-Azirun M, Low VL
    Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis, 2021 Apr;75:101621.
    PMID: 33609991 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101621
    Flea-borne pathogens were screened from 100 individual cat fleas using a PCR approach, of which 38 % were infected with at least one bacterium. Overall, 28 % of the flea samples were positive for Bartonella as inferred from ITS DNA region. Of these, 25 % (7/28) were identified as Bartonella clarridgeiae, 42.9 % (12/28) as Bartonella henselae consisted of two different strains, and 32.1 % (9/28) as Bartonella koehlerae, which was detected for the first time in Malaysia. Sequencing of gltA amplicons detected Rickettsia DNA in 14 % of cat flea samples, all of them identified as Rickettsia asembonensis (100 %). None of the flea samples were positive for Mycoplasma DNA in 16S rRNA gene detection. Four fleas were co-infected with Bartonella and Rickettsia DNAs. Statistical analyses reveal no significant association between bacterial infection and mtDNA diversity of the cat flea. Nevertheless, in all types of pathogen infections, infected populations demonstrated lower nucleotide and haplotype diversities compared to uninfected populations. Moreover, lower haplotype numbers were observed in infected populations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bartonella/classification; Rickettsia/classification
  20. Molecular identification of house dust mites and storage mites
    Wong SF, Chong AL, Mak JW, Tan J, Ling SJ, Ho TM
    Exp Appl Acarol, 2011 Oct;55(2):123-33.
    PMID: 21468750 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-011-9460-6
    Mites are known causes of allergic diseases. Currently, identification of mites based on morphology is difficult if only one mite is isolated from a (dust) sample, or when only one gender is found, or when the specimen is not intact especially with the loss of the legs. The purpose of this study was to use polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of the ITS2 gene, to complement the morphological data for the identification of mites to the species level. For this, six species were cultured: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, D. farinae, Blomia tropicalis, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Aleuroglyphus ovatus and Glycycometus malaysiensis. Genomic DNA of the mites was extracted, quantified, amplified and digested individually with restriction enzymes. Hinf I and Ple I differentiated the restriction patterns of D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae. Bfa I and Alu I enzymes differentiated B. tropicalis and G. malaysiensis. Ple I enzyme was useful for the differentiation between T. putrescentiae and A. ovatus. Bfa I was useful for the differentiation of G. malaysiensis from the rest of the species. In conclusion, different species of mites can be differentiated using PCR-RFLP of ITS2 region. With the established PCR-RFLP method in this study, identification of these mites to the species level is possible even if complete and intact adult specimens of both sexes are not available. As no study to date has reported PCR-RFLP method for the identification of domestic mites, the established method should be validated for the identification of other species of mites that were not included in this study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pyroglyphidae/classification*; Acaridae/classification*
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