Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 294 in total

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  1. Papillary carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct cyst
    Jayalakshmi P, Prepageran N, Jayaram G, Gopalakrishnan
    Malays J Pathol, 2002 Jun;24(1):67-70.
    PMID: 16329558
    A 21-year-old lady was admitted with a one year history of painless swelling in the neck. The clinical features and radiological findings suggested a thyroglossal duct cyst. Histology of the excised duct cyst showed papillary carcinoma. Ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland was normal. The patient is on regular follow-up and is well two years following surgery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology*; Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery
  2. Fulltext Oropharyngeal flora changes in patients with head and neck malignancy post radiotherapy
    Muthu K, Raman R, Gopalakrishnan G
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 Dec;59(5):585-90.
    PMID: 15889559
    Radiotherapy has been recognized as a valuable modality of treatment in the management of head and neck cancers. It can have a direct bactericidal effect on the normal flora of the oropharynx. The objective of this study is to determine the changes in the oropharyngeal flora after external beam radiation. This prospective non randomized control study was performed to aid in identification of organisms involved in sepsis, as well as aid in choosing appropriate antibiotics for surgical procedures in irradiated patient. Forty patients with various head and neck malignancy and thirty control patients were selected. Oropharyngeal swabs were taken prior to radiotherapy, at the end and one month after radiotherapy. A single swab was taken from the control group. A full bacteriological analysis was performed. There was a statistically significant decrease in Alpha Hemolytic Streptococci and Neisseria species post radiotherapy. B Proteus and Candida Albicans showed a statistical significant increase in patients with head and neck cancer post radiotherapy. These changes remained even one month after radiotherapy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms/microbiology*; Head and Neck Neoplasms/radiotherapy*
  3. Fulltext Association of Microbiome with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of the Metagenomic Studies
    Su Mun L, Wye Lum S, Kong Yuiin Sze G, Hock Yoong C, Ching Yung K, Kah Lok L, et al.
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 Jul 06;18(14).
    PMID: 34299675 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147224
    The past decade has witnessed a surge in epidemiological studies that have explored the relationship between the oral microbiome and oral cancer. Owing to the diversity of the published data, a comprehensive systematic overview of the currently available evidence is critical. This review summarises the current evidence on the metagenomic studies on the oral microbiome in oral cancer. A systematic search was conducted in Medline and Embase databases to identify original studies examining the differences in the oral microbiome of oral cancer cases and controls. A total of twenty-six studies were identified that reported differences in microbial abundance between oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and controls. Although almost all the studies identified microbial dysbiosis to be associated with oral cancer, the detailed qualitative analysis did not reveal the presence/abundance of any individual bacteria or a consortium to be consistently enriched in OSCC samples across the studies. Interestingly, few studies reported a surge of periodontopathogenic taxa, especially Fusobacteria, whereas others demonstrated a depletion of commensal taxa Streptococci. Considerable heterogeneity could be identified in the parameters used for designing the studies as well as reporting the microbial data. If microbiome data needs to be translated in the future, to complement the clinical parameters for diagnosis and prognosis of oral cancer, further studies with the integration of clinical variables, adequate statistical power, reproducible methods, and models are required.
    Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms*
  4. Infanticide in Malaysia: two case reports and a review of literature
    Ong BB, Green M
    Am J Forensic Med Pathol, 2003 Mar;24(1):64-9.
    PMID: 12605001
    In a strict and conservative society like Malaysia, the number of cases of infanticide has continued to occur. The authors present two typical cases of infanticide in Malaysia. Case 1 concerned a body of a fully mature newborn fetus disposed in a rubbish bin. The head was traumatically amputated by the rubbish truck's compactor. The umbilical cord was still attached to the body, with no reddening around the insertion. The severed neck showed features consistent with post-mortem amputation. The significant finding was expanded crepitant lungs, which floated in water. The histology of the lungs showed expanded alveoli. It was concluded that the baby had been born alive, but no cause of death could be elicited. Case 2 concerned a decomposed mature newborn found in a scrub forest. The internal organs showed advanced putrefaction, the lungs being collapsed, congested, and hemorrhagic, typical of decomposed lungs. No conclusion could be made about the state of birth or the cause of death because of the putrefied state of the body. The two cases illustrate the typical cases and problems faced by pathologists locally and probably elsewhere in the world. Most of the bodies are found in a putrefied state. Pathologists have to ascertain not only maturity and live birth but also the cause of death, which may be very subtle or masked by putrefaction. The problems of diagnosis of live birth are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Head/pathology
  5. Fulltext Assembly and activation of the Hippo signalome by FAT1 tumor suppressor
    Martin D, Degese MS, Vitale-Cross L, Iglesias-Bartolome R, Valera JLC, Wang Z, et al.
    Nat Commun, 2018 07 09;9(1):2372.
    PMID: 29985391 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04590-1
    Dysregulation of the Hippo signaling pathway and the consequent YAP1 activation is a frequent event in human malignancies, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. A pancancer analysis of core Hippo kinases and their candidate regulating molecules revealed few alterations in the canonical Hippo pathway, but very frequent genetic alterations in the FAT family of atypical cadherins. By focusing on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which displays frequent FAT1 alterations (29.8%), we provide evidence that FAT1 functional loss results in YAP1 activation. Mechanistically, we found that FAT1 assembles a multimeric Hippo signaling complex (signalome), resulting in activation of core Hippo kinases by TAOKs and consequent YAP1 inactivation. We also show that unrestrained YAP1 acts as an oncogenic driver in HNSCC, and that targeting YAP1 may represent an attractive precision therapeutic option for cancers harboring genomic alterations in the FAT1 tumor suppressor genes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics*; Head and Neck Neoplasms/metabolism; Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology
  6. Stress analysis of femoral bone resorption with implant
    Solehuddin Shuib, Sahari, B.B., Wong, Shaw Voon, Arumugam, Manohar, Halim Kadarman, A.
    CREAM : Current Research in Malaysia (Penyelidikan Terkini di Malaysia), 2013;2(2):23-41.
    MyJurnal
    Bone is a living tissue. It continuously reproduces its structure and its growth depends partly upon the applied mechanical load. After an implant is inserted, the load equilibrium is disturbed, leading to bone resorption and the stress shielding phenomena. Aseptic loosening is the main contributor for hip prosthesis failure. The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of bone resorption on the stress values and hence obtain a better understanding of the behavior of the stress adaptive bone-remodeling. The bone material used for the analysis was assumed to be isotropic and linearly elastic, and the external loads applied comprised of a femoral head load and an abductor load. A Finite element computer program for evaluating the changes in bone's density and modulus was developed. The values of stress for bone, cement mantle in medial, and lateral positions of Total Hip Replacement (THR) are presented. The failure mechanisms of THR with bone resorption observed the implant loosening since stress is reduced.
    Matched MeSH terms: Femur Head
  7. Fulltext Penetrating injury to the head: case reviews
    Regunath K, Awang S, Siti SB, Premananda MR, Tan WM, Haron RH
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Dec;67(6):622-4.
    PMID: 23770960 MyJurnal
    Penetrating injury to the head is considered a form of severe traumatic brain injury. Although uncommon, most neurosurgical centres would have experienced treating patients with such an injury. Despite the presence of well written guidelines for managing these cases, surgical treatment requires an individualized approach tailored to the situation at hand. We describe a collection of three cases of non-missile penetrating head injury which were managed in two main Neurosurgical centres within Malaysia and the unique management approaches for each of these cases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Head Injuries, Penetrating*
  8. Fulltext Compliance of proper safety helmet usage in motorcyclists
    Kulanthayan S, Umar RS, Hariza HA, Nasir MTM, Harwant S
    Med J Malaysia, 2000 Mar;55(1):40-4.
    PMID: 11072489 MyJurnal
    Motorcyclists make up the largest group of fatalities on Malaysian roads, majority succumbing to head injuries despite the compulsory safety helmet laws in the country. One possible reason for this high fatality is improper usage of safety helmets. This study examines the compliance of proper safety helmet use in motorcyclists in a typical Malaysian town. Five hundred motorcyclists were studied. Only 54.4% of motorcyclists used helmets properly, 21.4% used them improperly; and 24.2% did not wear helmets. Six variables were found to be significant in improper safety helmet use. They were age, gender, race, formal education level, prior accident experience and type of license held. Marital status and riding experience were not significant. Efforts promoting proper use of safety helmets should focus on the young, male, less formally educated, unlicensed rider, who has had a prior accident.
    Matched MeSH terms: Head Protective Devices/utilization*; Head Protective Devices/statistics & numerical data
  9. Identifying contributing factors to fatal and serious injury motorcycle collisions involving children in Malaysia
    Oxley J, Ravi MD, Yuen J, Hoareau E, Hashim HH
    Ann Adv Automot Med, 2014 1 11;57:329-36.
    PMID: 24406968
    In Malaysia, motorcycle crashes constitute approximately 60 percent of all road trauma, and a substantial proportion involve children 16 years and younger. There are, however, many gaps in our knowledge on contributing factors to crashes and injury patterns amongst children killed and seriously injured in motorcycle crashes. The aim of this study was to examine fatal and serious injury motorcycle-related collisions to identify contributing factors and injury patterns amongst child motorcyclists. All identified motorcyclist fatal crashes between 2007 and 2011 (inclusive) were extracted from the national Police-reported crash database (M-ROADS) and a range of variables were selected for examination. A total of 17,677 crashes were extracted where a rider or pillion was killed and of these crashes 2,038 involved children, equating to 12 percent. Examination of crashes involving children revealed that some crashes involved more than two children on the motorcycle, therefore, overall children constituted 9.5% of fatal and 18.4% of serious injury collisions. A high proportion of child fatal or serious injury collisions involved the child as the rider (62%), and this was most common for children aged between 10 and 16 years. The majority of collisions occurred on rural roads, in speed limit zones of 50-70km/h, and approximately one-third occurred at an intersection. Collisions involving another motorcycle or a passenger vehicle contributed to 41% and 53% of the total fatalities and severe injuries, respectively. A high proportion (43.9%) of the children (25.5% riders and 18.8% pillion) sustained head injuries with 37.7% being in the 10-16 age group. Furthermore, 52.4% of the children sustaining head injuries did not wear a helmet. The implications of these findings for countermeasures within a Safe System framework, particularly interventions aimed at reducing the rate of unlicensed riding and helmet wearing, and infrastructure countermeasures are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Head Protective Devices
  10. Fulltext Thyroglossal duct carcinoma
    Kahairi A, Ahmad RL, Wan Islah L, Hasmah H
    Singapore Med J, 2009 Dec;50(12):e404-6.
    PMID: 20087540
    We report a 56-year-old Malay woman with a tumour that involved the skin and caused hyoid bone erosion. There was no clinical or radiological evidence of regional lymph node involvement. A modified radical neck dissection with preservation of the accessory nerve and internal jugular vein was performed, followed by an "extended" Sistrunk operation. The surgical defect was reconstructed with a pectoralis major myocutaneous flap. Our literature review showed that this is the first reported thyroglossal duct carcinoma which involved the skin and required a pedicle flap reconstruction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology*; Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery
  11. Lymphoma with superimposed tuberculosis and fungal infection mimicking parapharyngeal abscess complicated with recurrent neurocardiogenic syncope: a case report
    Sharudin SN, Huda Al Firdas AN, Hitam S, Hamid Z, Nordin NJ, Othman N, et al.
    Malays J Pathol, 2020 Aug;42(2):287-291.
    PMID: 32860384
    INTRODUCTION: Lymphoma of parapharyngeal space (PPS) is a rare condition. The clinical presentations may vary and often masquerades as infection or an inflammatory condition. A misdiagnosis will lead to a delay in treatment of the disease. Due to the complex anatomy of PPS, any attributed pressure from masses can lead to a life-threatening event such as cardiac syncope.

    CASE REPORT: We report a rare case of PPS B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma with superimposed Tuberculosis (TB) and fungal infection that presents with several episodes of syncope and hemodynamic depression.

    DISCUSSION: The clinical entities in PPS lesions syncope and its associated syndromes, pathophysiology, and differential diagnosis together with possible managements are further discussed.

    Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms/complications; Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis; Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology
  12. Fulltext Ni endoscopic classification for Storz Professional Image Enhancement System (SPIES) endoscopy in the detection of upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) tumours
    Abdullah B, Rasid NSA, Lazim NM, Volgger V, Betz CS, Mohammad ZW, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2020 04 24;10(1):6941.
    PMID: 32332848 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64011-6
    The diagnostic procedure for upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) tumours is by white light endoscopy (WLE) combined with biopsy. However, WLE has difficulty identifying minute epithelial changes which hinders early diagnosis. Storz Professional Image Enhancement System (SPIES) is designed to enhance the visualization of microvasculature on the mucosal surface and detect any epithelial changes. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the use of Ni endoscopic classification with SPIES endoscopy in the detection of UADT tumours. Fifty-nine patients with suspected UADT tumours underwent WLE followed by SPIES endoscopy. All the tumours were biopsied and sent for histopathological examination (HPE). The kappa index (κ) was used to evaluate the agreement between the methods. The level of agreement between SPIES using Ni classification and HPE showed almost perfect agreement as compared to moderate agreement between WLE and HPE. The sensitivity and specificity for WLE and HPE were 77.5% and 84.2% respectively with positive predictive value (PPV) of 91.2% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 64%. The sensitivity and specificity for SPIES endoscopy using Ni classification and HPE were 97.5% and 94.7% respectively with PPV of 97.5% and NPV of 94.7%. SPIES endoscopy using Ni classification is a valid tool for earlier tumour detection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  13. Fulltext Mature cystic teratoma: unusual presentation as anterior neck swelling
    Rahman MT, Jaafar H, Naik VR, Ghazali MZ, Hassan S
    Singapore Med J, 2004 Mar;45(3):130-1.
    PMID: 15029417
    The unusual presentation of a mature mediastinal cystic teratoma as an anterior neck swelling in a 29-year-old Malay woman is reported.
    Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology*; Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery
  14. Fulltext The two faces of capital femoral epiphyseal injury--new treatment paradigms against the perceived myths
    Hassan Shukur M
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Feb;61 Suppl A:1-2.
    PMID: 17042219
    In this issue of the Journal, there are two articles addressing relevant clinical problems that we may encounter in our practice. The main issue related to the occurrence of the inevitability of the avascular necrosis (AVN) following treatment of two different major types of capital femoral epiphyseal 'injury'.
    Matched MeSH terms: Femur Head/injuries*; Femur Head/radiography; Femur Head/surgery; Femur Head Necrosis/etiology; Femur Head Necrosis/prevention & control
  15. Fulltext Parotid lymphoepithelial cyst: a case report
    Rahman, S., Shaari, R., Hassan, R.
    Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2006;1(1):71-75.
    MyJurnal
    A 48 years old Malay lady with a case of painless soft fluctuant swelling of left parotid gland is reported. The lesion was found to be a cystic lesion through the pre operative examinations and investigations. The cyst was completely excised, taking care not to injure the lower division of the facial nerve. Post recovery was uneventful with no defect of the facial nerve functions. The histologic picture confirmed that the cyst was lymphoepithelial cyst which is so called “branchial cyst”. Through the literature reviews of parotid lymphoepitelial cyst the discussions on prevalence, origin, diagnosis, histological finding, investigation and the modes of treatment are made. The ultra sound was found to be valuable in the pre operative evaluation of the parotid swelling furthermore it is non-invasive, harmless, painless and relatively quick.
    Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms
  16. Fulltext Comparison of Interobserver Reliability between Junior and Senior Resident in Assessment of Developmental Dysplasia of The Hip Severity using Tonnis and International Hip Dysplasia Institute Radiological Classification
    Ismiarto YD, Agradi P, Helmi ZN
    Malays Orthop J, 2019 Nov;13(3):60-65.
    PMID: 31890112 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1911.010
    Introduction: The radiographic classification for developmental dysplasia of hip to quantify the severity of disease consist of Tonnis and International Hip Dysplasia Institute (IHDI) classification. The Ossification center of the femoral head in DDH patient more than six months is still vague or eccentric, so the reliability of both classifications is still in question and especially is influenced by the experience of the observer. This study aims to test and compare interobserver reliability in evaluation of DDH patients using IHDI and Tonnis classification assessed by senior and junior orthopaedic residents which had different degree of experience. Materials and Methods: This study used retrospective analysis of pelvic supine AP view radiograph of DDH patients from 2014 to 2017. All three observer groups analysed the pelvis radiographs using Tonnis and IHDI classification. Inter and intra-observer reliability was measured by Cohen's and Fleiss Kappa method, respectively. Results: The Fleiss Kappa value for 15 radiographs of DDH patients assessed by senior residents using Tonnis and IHDI classification are 0.715 and 0.832 and result of Fleiss Kappa value assessed by junior residents are 0.577 and 0.845, respectively. Intra-observer reliability for Tonnis classification was lower in junior group compared to other two groups but showed almost perfect value in all groups for IHDI classification. Conclusion: Significantly different results were noted between junior and senior residents in assessing DDH severity, with higher diagnostic reliability in senior residents compared to junior residents. In general, junior resident has less clinical experiences in many aspects in comparison with the seniors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Femur Head
  17. Fulltext Scanning Electron Microscopy Study of Retrieved Implants Suggests a Ratcheting Mechanism Behind Medial Migration in Cephalomedullary Nailing of Hip Fractures
    Law GW, Koh J, Yew A, Howe TS
    Malays Orthop J, 2020 Mar;14(1):7-17.
    PMID: 32296476 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2003.002
    Introduction: Medial migration is the paradoxical migration of the femoral neck element (FNE) superomedially against gravity with respect to the intramedullary component of the cephalomedullary device, increasingly seen in the management of pertrochanteric hip fractures with the intramedullary nail. We postulate that the peculiar anti-gravity movement of the FNE in the medial migration phenomenon stems from a ratcheting mechanism at the intramedullary nail-FNE interface, which should inadvertently produce unique wear patterns on the FNE that can be seen with high-powered microscopy. By examining the wear patterns on retrieved implants from patients with medial migration, our study aims to draw clinical correlations to the ratcheting mechanism hypothesis.

    Material and Methods: Four FNEs were retrieved from revision surgeries of four patients with prior intramedullary nail fixation of their pertrochanteric hip fractures complicated by femoral head perforation. The FNEs were divided into two groups based on whether or not there was radiographic evidence of medial migration prior to the revisions. Wear patterns on the FNEs were then assessed using both scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy.

    Results: Repetitive, linearly-arranged, regularly-spaced, unique transverse scratch marks were found only in the group with medial migration, corresponding to the specific segment of the FNE that passed through the intramedullary component of the PFNA during medial migration. These scratch marks were absent in the group without medial migration.

    Conclusion: Our findings are in support of a ratcheting mechanism behind the medial migration phenomenon with repetitive toggling at the intramedullary nail-FNE interface and progressive propagation of the FNE against gravity.

    Matched MeSH terms: Femur Head
  18. Craniofacial morphology, head posture, and nasal respiratory resistance in obstructive sleep apnoea: an inter-ethnic comparison
    Wong ML, Sandham A, Ang PK, Wong DC, Tan WC, Huggare J
    Eur J Orthod, 2005 Feb;27(1):91-7.
    PMID: 15743868
    The aim of this study was to measure craniofacial morphology and nasal respiratory resistance (NRR) in Malay, Indian and Chinese subjects with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). The sample consisted of 34 male subjects, 27-52 years of age (Malay n = 11, which included five mild and six moderate-severe OSA; Indian n = 11, which included six mild and five moderate-severe OSA; and Chinese n = 12, which included six mild and six moderate-severe OSA) diagnosed using overnight polysomnography. After use of a decongestant, NRR was recorded using anterior and posterior rhinomanometry. Standardized lateral cephalometric radiographs were used to record linear and angular dimensions. Malay subjects with moderate-severe OSA had a shorter maxillary (sp-pm) and mandibular (gn-go) length when compared with a mild OSA reference sample (P < 0.05). The hyoid bone was located more caudally in the Chinese moderate-severe subjects (hy-NL, hy-ML)(P < 0.05), and may be a useful diagnostic indicator for severity in this racial group. No pattern of differences for NRR was seen between the moderate-severe and mild OSA subjects. The consistently lower values for nasopharyngeal resistance in all the moderate-severe subjects when compared with the mild group may indicate that some compensation at this level of the airway had taken place. Strong positive correlations between craniocervical angulation (NL/OPT) and total airway resistance and the turbulent component of flow (k(2)) suggest that head posture is sensitive to fluctuations in airway resistance (P < 0.01).
    Matched MeSH terms: Head/pathology*
  19. Fulltext Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: three peripartum cases and diagnostic challenges
    Ab Rahman WS, Abdullah WZ, Mustaffa R, Ahmed SA, Hassan MN, Husin A
    Clin Med Insights Case Rep, 2013;6:141-6.
    PMID: 24093001 DOI: 10.4137/CCRep.S12122
    Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a medical emergency characterized by occlusive microangiopathy due to intravascular platelet aggregation. This event results in damage to the red blood cells (RBCs) known as microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA). Schistocytes are circulating fragments of damaged RBCs that have different morphological features including keratocytes, helmet cells, and spherocytes. It is critical to report even a small number of these abnormal RBCs in the peripheral blood and to be alert for the possible diagnosis of TTP, especially in unexplained anemia and thrombocytopenia. The application of pentad criteria in the diagnosis has been reviewed, and the challenges still remained on the hematologic evidence of this disorder. In the 3 cases discussed here, the red cell morphological diagnosis gave an impact on TTP diagnosis, but overdiagnosis might be encountered in obstetrical patients due to nonspecific diagnostic criteria.
    Matched MeSH terms: Head Protective Devices
  20. Fulltext Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE): a 12-year review
    Kamarulzaman MA, Abdul Halim AR, Ibrahim S
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Feb;61 Suppl A:71-8.
    PMID: 17042235
    Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is a relatively uncommon hip disorder in adolescents and its prevalence in Malaysia has not been studied. This retrospective study is undertaken to provide an overview of a 12-year review of SCFE treated in our institution. Fourteen patients (19 hips) with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) admitted to Hospital UKM from 1990 to 2002 were reviewed with respect to demographic profile, functional outcome according to the Iowa Hip Score, and complications. There were ten boys (average age, 12.5 years) and four girls (average age, 12 years). Eight were Malays and six were Indians. The average body mass index was 26.1 verweight). The left hips (11 hips) were affected more than the right hips (eight hips). Five patients had bilateral slips. Thirteen hips were considered stable while the other six hips were unstable. The majority of cases were moderate slips (12 hips), four hips had severe slips while three hips had mild slips. Several methods of treatment were instituted. These include in situ cannulated screw fixation (11 hips), Knowles pin fixation (three hips) and gentle closed manipulative reduction with cannulated screw fixation (three hips). One patient with bilateral slips refused surgical treatment. Based on the Iowa Hip Score, most patients (nine) had satisfactory results (excellent or good), three had fair results while one patient had a poor result. Avascular necrosis developed in five hips while chondrolysis occurred in one hip. In situ cannulated screw fixation is the treatment of choice. SCFE is an uncommon condition in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Femur Head/injuries*; Femur Head/radiography; Femur Head/surgery; Femur Head Necrosis/etiology
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