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Fulltext Animal studies on male fertility enhancing properties of plants in Malaysia: a review of the past 16 years

Redzuan Nul Hakim Abdul Razak, Muhammad Lokman Md Isa, Hussin Muhammad, Roszaman Ramli

International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2017;1(2):44-55.
MyJurnal

For centuries, people have been practising phytomedicine in treating ailments or reducing risk of suffering certain diseases. It is considered as a part of an ancient medicine with interest in it becomes rapidly escalating in this modern era. Expansive and prescribed medicine is not the only true path to treat various illnesses. Without disclaiming the modern medicine, herbs can be used as an alternative or a combined therapy with conventional medication. Phytomedicine or ethnomedicine is not a new
field in the world of research. It has been started long ago since the ancient times. As we realized the expensive modern medication is not the only mean to treat illness, interest in the discovery of remedy through natural or conventional products has become more escalating. (Copied from article)

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
Fulltext Effects of Eurycoma Longifolia extract on the isolated rat heart

Mokhtar RH, Abdullah N, Ayob A

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2014;13(1):25-34.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Eurycoma longifolia (E. longifolia) which is better known locally as Tongkat Ali is an indigenous plant in Malaysia. It belongs to the family of Simaroubaceae and is popular as a traditional medicine for its aphrodisiac properties. Throughout the years, several studies have been conducted to prove its effect on aphrodisiac action, antimalarial, antibacterial and anxiolytic properties but its effect to the cardiovascular system had not been fully explored. This study was aimed to demonstrate the changes that take place in the isolated heart following the injection of the extract. Methods: Three parameters that were measured included the coronary perfusion pressure (CPP), the left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and the heart rate (HR). Eighteen isolated rat hearts were used and were divided equally into three groups. The first group was to observe the effect of Isoprenaline, a β agonist while the second group was to see the effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor. The dose which gave the maximum effect for these two positive controls was used to compare with the effect of E. longifolia water extract in the third group of rats. Isolated heart was mounted using the Langendorff apparatus and perfused with modified Krebs-Henseleit buffer. Doses of controls and the extract were instilled through an injection port, and the effect of each dose was monitored. Results: E. longifolia extract was found to reduce the CPP in normotensive rat at two of the highest doses. A dose of 1.0 mg of the extract reduced the CPP significantly from 34.52 ± 4.99 mmHg of the baseline value to 31.99 ± 4.93 mmHg while the dose of 10.0 mg of the extract reduced the CPP
significantly to 32.67 ± 3.89 mmHg. However, there were no significant changes of effect of the extract on the LVDP and HR as compared to control. Conclusion: These early findings suggest that E. longifolia extract may have vasodilatory property, which supports its traditional usage with minimum cardiovascular side effects.

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
Fulltext Investigation of in vivo antipyretic activity of thottea dependens leaves

Ahmed, QU, Radhiyah I, Siti Zaiton MS

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2015;14(2):17-22.
MyJurnal

Leaves of Thottea dependens have been used as folk medicine in Malaysia for the treatment of
several conditions involving pain and inflammation with accompanying pyrexia. However, there is no scientific
evidence for its effectiveness to treat fever. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-pyretic
activity of methanol (MeOH) and aqueous (Aq) extracts of T. dependens leaves in albino mice (ICR strain).

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
Fulltext Psychiatric Morbidities among attenders of an Islamic Spiritual Healing Centre in Malaysia

Khadijah Hasanah Abang Abdullah, Suriati Mohamed Saini, Shalisah Sharipb, Mohamed Hatta Shaharom

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(1):75-82.
MyJurnal

Traditional medicine which includes Islamic faith healing centre is still an important place to seek treatment whether for psychiatric reasons or others. This study aims to determine the prevalence of psychiatric illness among attenders of an Islamic spiritual healing centre and to understand patients’ illness attribution and their religiosity.

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
Fulltext Effect of Flaxseed Extract on the Liver Histological structure in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Imad M. Al-Ani, Ahmed N. Abired, Basma E. Mustafa, Emad N. Abdel Wahab, Marwan S. Azzubaidi

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(1):91-98.
MyJurnal

Diabetes mellitus has become a serious warning to mankind health all over the world. The management goal of diabetes is to keep blood glucose levels as close as possible to healthy individuals. Medications used to treat diabetes are usually associated with complications and may cause different side effects. Many traditional anti-diabetic plants have become popular in the management of diabetes mellitus. Flaxseed has been used as traditional medicine for centuries.

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
Drug-induced urticaria and angioedema: pathomechanisms and frequencies in a developing country and in developed countries

Greaves MW, Hussein SH

Int Arch Allergy Immunol, 2002 May;128(1):1-7.
PMID: 12037395 DOI: 10.1159/000057997

A careful drug history should be obtained from all patients with acute or chronic urticaria/angioedema, especially in the elderly. Although strictly comparable data are lacking, drug-induced urticaria appears to be more common in developed countries than in Malaysia, at least in a Hospital setting. Culprit drugs include antibiotics, analgesics and contrast media. Pseudoallergic drug-induced urticaria mimicks true allergic urticaria, but without an evident immunological basis, and is at least as common as the allergic type. In Malaysia, and in many other countries compulsory, ingredient labelling of 'traditional' medicines would do much to reduce the frequency of drug-induced urticaria.

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
Fulltext Developing a Chinese Medicine programme in a western medical university

Zhou, Wenxin

International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2012;6(10):0-0.
MyJurnal

Chinese medicine is one of the most famous traditional medicines in the world with a glorious and long written history of at least 2000 years. Recently, acupuncture and the use of other herbal medicine are being gradually accepted globally. In 2011,the International Medical University (IMU) started the Chinese Medicine programme which is the first of its kind in a western medicine university in Malaysia.The author introduced the background of Chinese medicine and the curriculum of the Chinese Medicine programme established in IMU, analyzed the situation regarding the quality of lectures given by internal and
external lecturers in this programme and also discussed on ways to integrate western and traditional medicine in IMU or in Malaysia. The launching of Chinese medicine in IMU is a great step in the development of IMU and also an important step in the development of medical education in Malaysia or even in South-east Asia.

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
Fulltext A cross sectional study of chronic pain relief after bekam (traditional malay "cupping") therapy

Lim KG, Chuah SW, Ee MST, Wong ZG, Murugesan A, Syed Azman SA

International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2015;9(2):32-36.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Bekam, an Islamic variant of cupping, is an ancient form of traditional medicine still practised today in Malaysia. There are published findings indicating that cupping benefits patients with low back pain, other musculoskeletal pain and even pain from cancer, herpes zoster and trigeminal neuralgia when pain is measured on an analogue scale. We proposed to investigate whether in addition to pain improvement on an analogue scale we could show if pain relief might be demonstrated in terms of reduction of analgesic use.

Methods: We carried out a retrospective cross sectional study on subjects who had been for outpatient clinic treatment with chronic pain of at least one month and who completed at least two bekam therapy sessions. In addition to documenting a pain score before and after therapy we documented their analgesic consumption.

Results: A total of 77 respondents, with overlapping symptoms of headache, backache and joint pains were included. The mean pain score before bekam therapy was 6.74±1.78, and was 2.66±1.64 after two sessions of therapy. Twenty eight respondents completed six sessions of bekam therapy and had a mean pain score of 2.25±1.32 after. Thirty-four patients consumed analgesic medication before starting bekam therapy and only twelve did so after. The consumption of analgesics was significantly lower after bekam therapy.

Conclusions: Bekam therapy appears to help patients experience less pain and reduce the amount of analgesic medication they consume. Nevertheless only a randomised prospective study will eliminate the biases a retrospective study is encumbered with and we believe would be worth doing.

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
An analysis of application of health informatics in Traditional Medicine: A review of four Traditional Medicine Systems

Raja Ikram RR, Abd Ghani MK, Abdullah N

Int J Med Inform, 2015 Nov;84(11):988-96.
PMID: 26160148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2015.05.007

This paper shall first investigate the informatics areas and applications of the four Traditional Medicine systems - Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Ayurveda, Traditional Arabic and Islamic Medicine and Traditional Malay Medicine. Then, this paper shall examine the national informatics infrastructure initiatives in the four respective countries that support the Traditional Medicine systems. Challenges of implementing informatics in Traditional Medicine Systems shall also be discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
Tiger's Milk Medicinal Mushroom, Lignosus rhinocerotis (Agaricomycetes) Sclerotium Inhibits Nitric Oxide Production in LPS-Stimulated BV2 Microglia

Seow SL, Naidu M, Sabaratnam V, Vidyadaran S, Wong KH

Int J Med Mushrooms, 2017;19(5):405-418.
PMID: 28845770 DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.v19.i5.30

In Malaysia and China, the sclerotium of Lignosus rhinocerotis is used by local communities and traditional medicine practitioners as a general tonic and remedy to treat a variety of ailments, including inflammation-associated disorders. In this study, 10 samples from different preparations of L. rhinocerotis sclerotium, including a hot aqueous extract (HAE), an ethanol extract (EE), fractions from the HAE and EE, and crude polysaccharides, were tested for their in vitro cytotoxic and nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activities in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)--stimulated BV2 microglia. Of the 10 samples tested, HAE was the least cytotoxic toward BV2 microglia, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 176.23 ± 2.64 mg/mL at 24 hours of incubation and 20.01 ± 1.69 mg/ mL at 48 hours of incubation. The inhibition of NO production was explored by pretreatment of BV2 microglia with samples at 2 incubation time points (4 and 24 hours) before the stimulation by LPS for 24 hours. After 24 hours of pretreatment, 8 of the 10 samples inhibited NO production by 50% or more, and cytotoxic effects were not observed. Among the 8 active samples, 500 µg/mL of HAE, 250 µg/mL of an n-butanol fraction of the HAE, and 250 µg/mL of an ethyl acetate fraction of HAE showed maximum inhibition of NO production by 88.95%, 86.50%, and 85.93%, respectively. These results suggest that the L. rhinocerotis sclerotium may contain secondary metabolites that have the potential to inhibit NO production.

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
Fulltext Genus Parkia: Phytochemical, Medicinal Uses, and Pharmacological Properties

Saleh MSM, Jalil J, Zainalabidin S, Asmadi AY, Mustafa NH, Kamisah Y

Int J Mol Sci, 2021 Jan 09;22(2).
PMID: 33435507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020618

The genus Parkia (Fabaceae, Subfamily, Mimosoideae) comprises about 34 species of mostly evergreen trees widely distributed across neotropics, Asia, and Africa. This review aims to provide an overview of the current status of the species from the genus Parkia in terms of its relationship between its phytochemistry and medical uses. Comprehensive information on Parkia species was retrieved from electronic databases, which were Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar. This review identified nine species from genus Parkia with properties of medicinal use. They are used traditionally to treat several ailments, such as diabetes, diarrhea, wounds, hypertension, cough, chronic piles, conjunctivitis, and measles. The most common species studied are P. biglobosa, P. speciosa, P. javanica, P. bicolor, P. biglandulosa, P. filicoidea, and P. clappertoniana. A considerable number of secondary metabolites, such as terpenoids, phenolic acids, flavonoids (aglycone and glycosides), and numerous volatile compounds have been identified in this genus, which are responsible for their diverse pharmacological activities. Their extracts, pure compounds and seed lectins have been reported for their anticancer, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, antiulcer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimalarial, hepatoprotective, and antidiarrheal activities. The information gathered in this review might be of help for future studies in terms of the current knowledge on the link between the phytochemical components and medicinal uses. This could facilitate more discoveries on its potentials particularly in the pharmacological characteristics and potential to be developed into modern medicines.

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
Fulltext A harmless evil: Giant fungating benign breast mass in an adolescent mimicking malignancy - Case report

Heng SSL, Yahya MM, Sulaiman WAW, Saad AZM

Int J Surg Case Rep, 2021 Mar;80:105202.
PMID: 33500231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.10.096

INTRODUCTION: Juvenile giant fibroadenoma is a rare type of fibroadenoma characterized by rapid growth of a breast tumor in an adolescent. Benign in nature, they rarely present as fungating and ulcerating tumors. Benign tumors masquerading as malignancies are surgical conundrums. No co nsensus exists yet on the management of these cases. We aim to discuss the dilemma in managing a bleeding, fungating giant fibroadenoma in an adolescent female and highlight risks of alternative therapies.
PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 19-year-old lady presented with a bleeding, fungating breast mass worsened with topical herbal concoction. Examination revealed a 10 × 15 cm fungating breast mass that obliterated her nipple- areolar complex (NAC). Computed Tomography (CT) scan reported a huge heterogeneously enhancing mass 10.6 × 14.5 × 15.1 cm with loss of normal fat plane with the overlying skin but a clear fat plane with the pectoralis muscle posteriorly.
DISCUSSION: Giant breast masses that fungate and ulcerate usually indicate a sinister pathology. Traditional remedies have been reported to exacerbate growth. In cases where most of the breast parenchyma and NAC has been destroyed, it is no longer possible to proceed with breast conserving techniques. Breast reconstruction is crucial in adolescents and should be tailored to the patient's existing breast size as well as body habitus.
CONCLUSION: In juvenile giant fibroadenomas where breast parenchyma and NAC has been destroyed, breast reconstruction is the goal. The lack of consensus in both diagnosis and management further compounds the difficulty in dealing with this sensitive population. Awareness needs to be raised regarding negative effects related to traditional medicine.

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
Fulltext Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Streptococcus Pyogenes Exposed to Malaysian Trigona Honey In Vitro Demonstrated Downregulation of Virulence Factor

A Al-Kafaween M, Mohd Hilmi AB, A Nagi Al-Jamal H, A Elsahoryi N, Jaffar N, Khairi Zahri M

Iran J Biotechnol, 2020 Oct;18(4):e2542.
PMID: 34056021 DOI: 10.30498/IJB.2020.2542

Background: Honey has been known as a traditional medicine for centuries with its antibacterial properties. It is considered one of the most enduring substances used in wound management.
Objectives: This study aimed to: (i) evaluate the effects of Malaysian Trigona honey on bacterial structure and (ii) assess the anti-virulence potential of this honey by examining their impacts on the expression of selected genes (involved in stress survival and biofilm formation) in a test organism.
Materials and Methods: Trigona honey's impacts on the bacterial structure (cell morphology) and the expression profiles of select Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Streptococcus Pyogenes genes were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis, respectively.
Results: SEM showed that the decreased cell density deformed, disrupted, and damaged cells for both bacteria. RT-qPCR showed that the expression of fleN, fleQ, and fleR genes of P.aeruginosa were decreased, 4.26-fold, 3.80-fold and 2.66- fold respectively. In addition, scpA, ftsY, and emm13 of S.pyogenes were decreased, 2.87-fold, 3.24-fold, and 4.65-fold respectively.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that Trigona honey may be an effective inhibitor and virulence modulator of P. aeruginosa and S. pyogenes via multiple molecular targets. This deduction needs to be investigated in vivo.

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
Chronic Cold-Water-Induced Hypothermia Impairs Memory Retrieval and Nepeta menthoides as a Traditional "Hot" Herb Reverses the Impairment

Ahmadian-Attar MM, Ahmadiani A, Kamalinejad M, Dargahi L, Mosaddegh M

Iran J Pharm Res, 2014;13(Suppl):185-93.
PMID: 24711845

Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM) describes a kind of dementia with similar signs and symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It explains the pathology of dementia with cold intemperament of the brain, which means that the brain is colder than its healthy form. ITM strategy for treatment of dementia is to heat the brain up by medical "hot" herbs. Nepeta menthoides (NM) is one of these "hot" herbs. To evaluate the veracity of ITM concept about dementia and its treatment, we first try to examine if coldness of brain can make memory impairment. If so, can NM reverse memory impairment? Rats in cold-water-induced hypothermic (CWH) groups were immersed up to the neck in 3.5 °C water, for 5 min during 14 consecutive days. As a control, rats were forced to swim in warm water at the same conditions. To eliminate the impact of forced swimming stress, a group of intact rats was also added. After last swimming in day 14, some groups received drug (100 or 500 mg/ Kg aqueous extract of NM) or vehicle via i.p. injection. Learning and memory were assessed by Morris water maze, and tau hyperphosphorylation was measured by western blotting. The results showed that CWH impairs learning and memory and induces tau hyperphosphorylation. 100 mg/Kg of NM reversed memory impairment as well as tau hyperphosphorylation. ITM theory about the relationship between brain hypothermia and dementia is in accordance with our findings.

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
Sociocultural influences on vitamin A deficiency in a rural Malay community

Chen PC

J Trop Med Hyg, 1972 Dec;75(12):231-6.
PMID: 4539605
Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
Medical traditions in Malaysia

Rosenbloom AL

JFMA, 1972 Apr;59(4):37-43.
PMID: 4555905
Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional*
Fulltext Phyllanthus SP a local plant with multiple medicinal properties

Tang YQ, Lee SH, Sekaran SD

JUMMEC, 2014;17(2):1-8.
MyJurnal

The plants of the genus Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae) are distributed in most tropical and subtropical regions of world. This plant has been long used as a traditional medicine to treat problems such as stomach, intestinal infections, kidney and urinary bladder disturbances, diabetes, and hepatitis B. There has been considerable interest in these plants in recent years. This review discusses the antiviral and anticancer aspects of Phyllanthus species. Scientific studies have demonstrated that extracts and purified isolated compounds (flavonoids, lignans, phenols, and terpenes) obtained from these plants possess antiviral effects against herpes simplex (HSV) and dengue virus infections (DENV). These observations are associated with the disruption of essential proteins needed during viral cycle, thus halting the viral replication. In addition, the Phyllanthus species have also been shown to exert inhibitory effects against selected cancers types. In these studies anti-proliferative, anti-metastatic, anti-angiogenic effects and induced apoptosis of human cancers cell lines were observed. These may be explained by the disruption of multiple survival pathways and differential protein expression. CONLCUSION:As a conclusion, tThe Phyllanthus plant possesses multiple medicinal properties, including antiviral and anticancer activities which may potentially be used as a medicinal source for many disease locally.

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
Fulltext Linking Ayurveda and Western medicine by integrative analysis

Fauzi FM, Koutsoukas A, Lowe R, Joshi K, Fan TP, Glen RC, et al.

J Ayurveda Integr Med, 2013 Apr;4(2):117-9.
PMID: 23930045 DOI: 10.4103/0975-9476.113882

In this article, we discuss our recent work in elucidating the mode-of-action of compounds used in traditional medicine including Ayurvedic medicine. Using computational ('in silico') approach, we predict potential targets for Ayurvedic anti-cancer compounds, obtained from the Indian Plant Anticancer Database given its chemical structure. In our analysis, we observed that: (i) the targets predicted can be connected to cancer pathogenesis i.e. steroid-5-alpha reductase 1 and 2 and estrogen receptor-β, and (ii) predominantly hormone-dependent cancer targets were predicted for the anti-cancer compounds. Through the use of our in silico target prediction, we conclude that understanding how traditional medicine such as Ayurveda work through linking with the 'western' understanding of chemistry and protein targets can be a fruitful avenue in addition to bridging the gap between the two different schools of thinking. Given that compounds used in Ayurveda have been tested and used for thousands of years (although not in the same approach as Western medicine), they can potentially be developed into potential new drugs. Hence, to further advance the case of Ayurvedic medicine, we put forward some suggestions namely: (a) employing and integrating novel analytical methods given the advancements of 'omics' and (b) sharing experimental data and clinical results on studies done on Ayurvedic compounds in an easy and accessible way.

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
Fulltext The identification of floras used as traditional and complementary medicine: a study in ramsar site, Sabah, Malaysia

Kunjuraman, Velan

Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, 2018;3(1):68-71.
MyJurnal

The practice of traditional medicine has been deduced based on
available evidences from the Malay, Chinese and Indian communities in
Malaysia. Based on extensive review of previous literature, the study
discovered that there is limited empirical documentation on the types of floras
used as Traditional and Complementary Medicine (TCM) by the rural
communities in Sabah, especially those residing along the Ramsar site. Thus,
this article aims to document the types of floras used in TCM by the rural
communities in the Dagat village at the Lower Kinabatangan-Segama area.
The data for the study were obtained from a series of in-depth interviews and
field observations. The findings revealed that the rural communities in the
Dagat village utilized floras available around the village as TCM in their daily
lives. TCM using floras have helped to save lives in emergency cases,
especially for pregnant women with high risks during pregnancy. This study is
significant as it presents an empirical documentation of floras for TCM
practices among the local community in Sabah, Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional
A qualitative study on urut Melayu: the traditional Malay massage

Anuar HM, Fadzil F, Sallehuddin SM, Ahmad N, Abd Ghani N

J Altern Complement Med, 2010 Nov;16(11):1201-5.
PMID: 21058886 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2009.0592

OBJECTIVE: We conducted this study to gain an insight into the experiences and views of practitioners of urut Melayu, the traditional Malay massage, which will be used in developing a preliminary framework of the urut Melayu process. DESIGN: We adopted a qualitative study design. We carried out a total of five focus group discussions (FGDs) comprising 6-10 urut Melayu practitioners each.
LOCATION: We carried out three FGDs at the Traditional and Complementary Medicine Division, Ministry of Health and two FGDs at a district Health Clinic.
SUBJECTS: All participants of the FGDs were urut Melayu practitioners registered with the Ministry of Health. Three (3) FGDs comprised all females while two comprised all males. A total of 12 males and 24 females participated in the study.
RESULTS: We identified six themes from the study, namely, indications for urut Melayu, the urut Melayu technique, other treatments in conjunction with urut Melayu, outcome of urut Melayu, ethics of urut Melayu, and practitioners' source of skills and knowledge.
CONCLUSIONS: Urut Melayu is a unique form of massage carried out for various purposes. Although it is common belief that there are vast differences in the way it is performed from one practitioner to another, this study revealed that similarities do exist and there is potential to develop a standard framework for urut Melayu for regulation and training purposes.

Matched MeSH terms: Medicine, Traditional*

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