Displaying publications 1181 - 1200 of 2034 in total

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  1. Governing agricultural progress: a genealogy of the politics of pest control in Malaysia
    Triantafillou P
    Comp Stud Soc Hist, 2001;43(1):193-221.
    PMID: 17941160
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population/history
  2. Paediatric deaths in Kuala Lumpur
    Kumar V, Jumali IB
    Med Sci Law, 2006 Oct;46(4):301-9.
    PMID: 17191633
    The main aim of this study was to determine the causes and epidemiological aspects of paediatric death. Data was collected on 143 cases of paediatric death from a total of 2,895 autopsies performed in University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, over a five-year period from 2000 to 2004. There were 78 males and 65 females. The largest number of cases (32.9%) were stillborn. The highest proportion of cases (30.1%) were Chinese. The majority of cases of paediatric death were non-traumatic (74.8%) of which intrauterine death (IUD) was the most common (32.9%). Amongst the traumatic deaths (25.2%), accidental injury (23.8%) was observed in the majority of cases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urban Population/statistics & numerical data*
  3. Fulltext Spinal injuries in a level-one trauma centre: a demographic study
    Roohi SA, Naicker AS, Shukur MH, Mohammad AR
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Feb;61 Suppl A:30-5.
    PMID: 17042226
    The incidence of spinal injuries in Malaysia is on the rise following similar trend of rapid development and increasing number of building constructions sites, and motor vehicles. This epidemiological study was aimed at compiling local data with a view to identifying target areas for preventive measures as well as improvement strategies in the management of these potentially devastating injuries. Seventy eight patients admitted with spine trauma in 1998 in a level-one trauma centre were retrospectively reviewed. All records were traced from the admission and discharge books of the orthopaedic wards, accident and emergency wards, operative registration book, spinal rehabilitation ward and orthopaedic registration data of the Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital Kuala Lumpur. Details on pre-treatment neurological and radiological level of injury and post-treatment outcomes were recorded according to the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale. Most patients (61.5%) were in the productive ages of less than 34 years with a 4:1 male to female ratio. Majority were due to motor vehicle accidents (57.7%) and fall from a height (28.3%). The thoraco-lumbar junction was the most common site of injury followed by the lower cervical region with 62.5% of which associated with neurological deficit. Neurological deficits: 11 ASIA-A, 1 ASIA-B, 6 ASIA-C, and 3 ASIA-D were detected in 21 (27%) patients with fall from height (50%) particularly landing on the feet (50%) and recreational sports (100%) were the risk factors. Less than 10% of patients were treated surgically and this explains an average 39.4 days of hospitalization (5 times longer in patients treated non-operatively). On discharge, four patients with incomplete neurology recovered to ASIA-E status and the remaining improved to ASIA-C and -D in one and five patients respectively. Only one patient with complete neurology improved to ASIA-B status following surgical treatment. The demographic profiles of our patients were comparable to other series in the literature but still inadequate to provide enough epidemiological data. A multicenter study to provide a larger pool of patients is needed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Surveillance/methods
  4. An international comparison of women's health issues in the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Canada, Hong Kong, and Singapore: the CIDA-SEAGEP Study
    Choi BC
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2004 Nov 19;4:989-1006.
    PMID: 15578123
    This was an international study of women's health issues, based on an Official Study Tour in Southeast Asia (the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Hong Kong, and Singapore) and Canada. The objectives of the study were to identify and compare current gaps in surveillance, research, and programs and policies, and to predict trends of women's health issues in developing countries based on the experience of developed countries. Key informant interviews (senior government officials, university researchers, and local experts), self-administered questionnaires, courtesy calls, and literature searches were used to collect data. The participating countries identified women's health as an important issue, especially for reproductive health (developing countries) and senior's health (developed countries). Cancer, lack of physical activity, high blood pressure, diabetes, poverty, social support, caring role for family, and informing, educating, and empowering people about women's health issues were the main concerns. Based on this study, 17 recommendations were made on surveillance, research, and programs and policies. A number of forthcoming changes in women''s health patterns in developing countries were also predicted.
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Surveillance*
  5. Fulltext Predominance of Blastocystis sp. Infection among School Children in Peninsular Malaysia
    Nithyamathi K, Chandramathi S, Kumar S
    PLoS One, 2016;11(2):e0136709.
    PMID: 26914483 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136709
    BACKGROUND: One of the largest cross-sectional study in recent years was carried out to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among urban and rural school children from five states namely Selangor, Perak, Pahang, Kedah and Johor in Peninsula Malaysia. This information would be vital for school authorities to influence strategies for providing better health especially in terms of reducing intestinal parasitism.

    METHODS AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A total of 3776 stool cups was distributed to 26 schools throughout the country. 1760 (46.61%) responded. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in both rural and urban areas was 13.3%, with Blastocystis sp (10.6%) being the most predominant, followed by Trichuris trichiura (3.4%), Ascaris lumbricoides (1.5%) and hook worm infection (0.9%). Only rural school children had helminthic infection. In general Perak had the highest infection (37.2%, total, n = 317), followed by Selangor (10.4%, total, n = 729), Pahang (8.6%, total, n = 221), Kedah (6.2%, total, n = 195) and Johor (3.4%, total, n = 298). School children from rural schools had higher infection (13.7%, total, n = 922) than urban school children (7.2%, total, n = 838). Subtype (ST) 3 (54.3%) is the most predominant ST with persons infected with only ST1 and ST3 showing symptoms. Blastocystis sp infection significantly associated with low household income, low parent's education and presence of symptoms (p<0.05).

    CONCLUSION: It is critical that we institute deworming and treatment to eradicate the parasite especially in rural school children.

    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population; Urban Population
  6. Fulltext A retrospective review of mucocutaneous infections by human herpesvirus 1 and 2 in an urban population in Malaysia
    Hooi PS, Chua BH, Karunakaran R, Lam SK, Chua KB
    Med J Malaysia, 2002 Mar;57(1):80-7.
    PMID: 14569722 MyJurnal
    This is a 10-year retrospective review of mucocutaneous infection by human herpesvirus 1 (HHV1) and human herpesvirus 2 (HHV2) carried out by the virus diagnostic unit of University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC). A total of 504 specimens from UMMC and a private clinic in the same city (KLSC) were tested; 198 samples from patients with oral lesions and 306 from patients with genital lesions. HHV1 was found to be responsible for 98.4% of oral lesions whereas HHV2 was the cause of 83.6% of all genital lesions. Detailed analysis showed no statistical difference by age group, race or gender among the patients with oral and genital lesions. Two laboratory methods were used in this study. Of the total 504 specimens tested, 18.0% specimens were positive by direct immunofluorescence (IF), 55.0% by virus isolation and 56.5% when both methods were used in combination. Although IF can provide a more rapid diagnosis, it is, however, less sensitive and can be attributed partly to inadequate collection of specimens.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urban Population/statistics & numerical data*
  7. Fulltext Dengue antibodies in a suburban community in Malaysia
    Chen WS, Wong CH, Cillekens L
    Med J Malaysia, 2003 Mar;58(1):142-3.
    PMID: 14556343
    Matched MeSH terms: Suburban Population/statistics & numerical data*
  8. Fulltext Seroprevalence of human parvovirus B19 infection in an urban population in Malaysia
    Ooi SL, Hooi PS, Chua BH, Lam SK, Chua KB
    Med J Malaysia, 2002 Mar;57(1):97-103.
    PMID: 14569725 MyJurnal
    A seroepidemiological study carried out on 800 stored serum samples collected between January 1999 to December 2000 derived from an urban population in Malaysia showed that the overall seropositive rate of human paravovirus B19 infection was 37.6%, with an overall geometric mean titre (GMT) of 18.3 IU. The seropositive rates of B19 among the male and female populations were 39.0% and 36.3% respectively. The seropositive rates among the racial groups were 37.2%, 38.2%, 38.1% and 29.4% respectively for the Malays, Chinese, Indians and other races. There was no statistical significant gender and racial differences in the B19 seropositive rates. When compared with the seroprevalence of B19 infection in other Asian countries, the seropositive rate of B19 in Malaysia was low in the younger age group and increased steadily with age. The unusual finding in this study was the presence of a high seropositive rate in those between six months to five years of age, especially in children in the one year old age group.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urban Population/statistics & numerical data*
  9. The impact of urbanization on family structure: the experience of Sarawak, Malaysia
    Sim HC
    Sojourn, 2003;18(1):89-109.
    PMID: 21853623
    This paper argues that women and men encounter the processes of migration and urbanization in very gendered ways. It examines state development policies and their role in accelerating the pace of urbanization, Using material from a recently concluded study on single mothers in the lower socio-economic strata, this paper explores the impact of these wider processes on the structure of the family and women from this strata specifically.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urban Population/history
  10. Available, accessible and affordable. Malaysia. The Hague Forum
    Ismail PZ
    Integration, 1999.
    PMID: 12322184
    Matched MeSH terms: Population*
  11. Current status of coronary risk factors among rural Malays in Malaysia
    Nawawi HM, Nor IM, Noor IM, Karim NA, Arshad F, Khan R, et al.
    J Cardiovasc Risk, 2002 Feb;9(1):17-23.
    PMID: 11984213
    Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in Malaysia, despite its status as a developing country. The rural population is thought to be at low risk.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population/statistics & numerical data*
  12. Lead exposure among Malaysian school children using delta-aminolevulinic acid as an indicator
    Ming LO, Surif S, Abdullah A
    Sci Total Environ, 1997 Jan 30;193(3):207-13.
    PMID: 9092077
    A study on lead exposure among school children aged between 7 and 12 years from Kajang and Sepang in the state of Selangor, Malaysia was carried out using delta-aminolevulinic acid (delta-ALA) levels in the urine as an index. The delta-ALA levels in urine were linked to variables which could contribute to lead exposure. Out of 1628 school children studied [Kajang (43.5%) and Sepang (56.5%)], only 194 subjects (16 and 8.8% from Kajang and Sepang, respectively) had urinary delta-ALA levels between 0.6 and 2.0 mg/100 ml. However, chi 2 analysis demonstrated significant association between delta-ALA of this group to some of the variables. The strongest association was found in the habit of biting fingernails (P < 0.025). Other statistically significant correlations were found between delta-ALA and father's occupation (P < 0.05) and the amount of time spent playing in the field (P < 0.01). Generally, this study indicates that school children in Kajang and Sepang are still relatively safe from excessively high lead exposure. However, a more sensitive indicator, which is based on a lower tolerable lead limits, such as lead in blood, are necessary to affirm this finding.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urban Population/statistics & numerical data
  13. Clandestine labor migration to Taiwan
    Tsay C
    Asian Pac Migr J, 1992;1(3-4):637-55.
    PMID: 12285774
    "Illegal migration to Taiwan is a recent phenomenon but with a rapid rate of increase. Most illegal foreign workers enter on visitor's visas and overstay. This paper's detailed analysis of official data reveals that Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia and Thailand are the major sources, providing a stock of mostly male workers numbering around 40,000. Sociodemographic and attitudinal changes among Taiwanese workers coupled with labor shortages in low-skilled jobs are pressuring the Taiwanese government to formulate plans for a systematic importation of foreign labor."
    Matched MeSH terms: Population; Population Dynamics
  14. International labor migration and the family: some observations from Indonesia
    Hugo G
    Asian Pac Migr J, 1995;4(2-3):273-301.
    PMID: 12320103
    This article addresses two dimensions of the complex interrelationship between the family and international labor migration in Indonesia: the role of the family in influencing labor movements out of Indonesia; and the consequences of this movement on family well-being, structure, and functioning. Research on this topic in Indonesia is highly limited due mainly to the recency of large scale international labor migration, inadequate data collection systems, a high incidence of undocumented migration, and failure of available research to be sensitive to family related issues. Against a rapidly changing economic and social situation, two major overlapping systems of migration have developed. The official system is focused strongly on the Middle East (although other Asian destinations are increasing in significance) and is dominated by female migrants. The undocumented system is much larger in volume, is focused upon Malaysia, involves more males than females, and is becoming permanent in some cases. The role, status, and experiences of women migrants in relation to their families (decision making, networks, remittances) are discussed with recommendations for other areas needing further research attention.
    Matched MeSH terms: Population; Population Dynamics
  15. Drug injecting and HIV infection among the population of drug abusers in Asia
    Poshyachinda V
    Bull Narc, 1993;45(1):77-90.
    PMID: 8305908
    Opium has been produced and consumed since the nineteenth century in the areas of Asia currently referred to as the Golden Crescent and the Golden Triangle. In the 1970s and 1980s, most countries from Afghanistan to Japan experienced a heroin epidemic of varying degrees of severity. Opium and heroin abuse appeared to be more severe in countries and areas where those drugs were produced, an exception being Hong Kong, which has had a large population of heroin abusers for more than two decades. Drug injecting was far more common in countries of the Golden Triangle than in those of the Golden Crescent. In Myanmar and Thailand, for example, up to 90 per cent of chronic heroin abusers practised intravenous injection, which appeared to spread to heroin abusers in nearby territories such as the State of Manipur in India. Yunnan province in China, as well as Malaysia and Viet Nam. Amphetamine abuse was more frequent in Japan and the Republic of Korea for a number of years, while illicit production and consumption in the Philippines have recently shown significant increases. The injection of amphetamines was common only in the Republic of Korea. The prevalence of injecting among institutionalized methamphetamine abusers was reported at about 90 per cent. Most countries in Asia first reported cases of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the mid-1980s. An extremely rapid spead of the epidemic and high prevalence, at rates of from 30 to 90 per cent, of HIV infection among the sample of intravenous heroin abusers were observed in a few countries with a high prevalence of intravenous injecting, such as India (in the State of Manipur), Myanmar and Thailand. The rest had either few reported cases or none at all, even though needle-sharing was found to be common. Great caution should be exercised in interpreting prevalence because of vast differences in methods of assessment. Given the vulnerability of intravenous drug abusers to rapid transmission of HIV infection, the prevention of drug injecting is of paramount importance in arresting the spread of the epidemic. Efforts to contain drug abuse, though difficult, are a principal means of achieving that end.
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Surveillance*
  16. Maternal mortality in Malaysia 1991-1992: the paradox of increased rates
    Ravindran J, Mathews A
    J Obstet Gynaecol (Lahore), 1996 Mar;16(2):86-8.
    PMID: 12292342
    "This paper aims to show that the establishment of a better data collection and reporting system in Malaysia since 1991 has led to an apparent increase in the maternal mortality ratio.... Because of improved surveillance, the maternal mortality ratio may continue to appear to rise for a few years but should decline after that reflecting the improvement in the health status and service delivery in Malaysia."
    Matched MeSH terms: Population; Population Dynamics
  17. Racial differences in Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence in Singapore: correlation with differences in peptic ulcer frequency
    Kang JY, Yeoh KG, Ho KY, Guan R, Lim TP, Quak SH, et al.
    J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 1997 Oct;12(9-10):655-9.
    PMID: 9407329
    The aim of this study was to determine, first, whether racial differences exist in the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Singapore, and second, whether these differences correlate with racial differences in peptic ulcer frequency. A commercial serological test for immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibody to H. pylori which was 90% sensitive and 83% specific in our population was used to screen 403 adult blood donors of Chinese, Malay and Indian origin, aged between 15-60 years. Serum specimens from 84 paediatric patients admitted to the Paediatrics Department, National University of Singapore, with non-gastroenterological illnesses were also tested. In all three races, seroprevalence of H. pylori increased with age. Indians have the highest prevalence of infection followed by Chinese and Malays. Peptic ulcer prevalences are known to be highest in Chinese, followed by Indians and Malays. The Malays have the lowest prevalence of H. pylori and peptic ulcer among the three races in Singapore. Indians have a higher prevalence of H. pylori antibodies but a lower frequency of peptic ulcer than the Chinese. Racial differences in peptic ulcer frequency between Chinese and Indians are not explained by the prevalence of H. pylori infection; other environmental or genetic factors may be involved.
    Matched MeSH terms: Continental Population Groups*
  18. Migrant workers spreading HIV in Southeast Asia
    AIDS Wkly Plus, 1996 Oct 21.
    PMID: 12320478
    Matched MeSH terms: Population; Population Dynamics
  19. Seat belt use in a developing country: covert noncompliance with a primary enforcement law in Malaysia
    Hauswald M
    Accid Anal Prev, 1997 Sep;29(5):695-7.
    PMID: 9316717
    Malaysia has strict laws requiring seat belt use by all vehicle occupants. However, neither passive devices nor inertial reel belts are mandated. Seat belt usage was investigated among 60 taxicab drivers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in 1993. Although all drivers appeared to be restrained during an initial curb-side inspection, 60% did not fasten the latch. There was no statistical difference between ethnic groups. Curb-side estimates of restraint use may overestimate actual usage, resulting in falsely low estimates of effectiveness. Requiring inertial reel belts, which would retract if not latched, could greatly increase actual restraint use. This may be cost effective for developing nations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urban Population/statistics & numerical data*
  20. Fulltext Wilson's disease--a review of cases at University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur
    Mohamed R, Tan CT, Wong NW
    Med J Malaysia, 1994 Mar;49(1):49-52.
    PMID: 8057991
    The clinical course of 18 patients with Wilson's disease is reported. There were 13 males and five females of whom one is Malay. The prevalence of Wilson's disease in Malaysia is probably the same as elsewhere. Being a genetic syndrome, the genetic carrier rate for Wilson's disease is probably lower amongst the Malays. At diagnosis, the clinical signs were predominantly hepatic in 10 patients, neurological in five patients with three asymptomatic cases. All patients were commenced on penicillamine but poor compliance was observed in many patients. Two patients defaulted follow-up and seven patients died. Out of the nine surviving patients, only four are well with no clinical symptoms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Population Surveillance*
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