Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 523 in total

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  1. Rural practice - superstitions and beliefs in Sabak Bernam, Selangor
    Stoner EA
    Family Practitioner, 1976;2(4):36-37.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population
  2. Ailing neurosurgical services in rural Africa
    Awuah WA, Adebusoye FT, Tenkorang PO, Mehta A, Mustapha MJ, Debrah AF, et al.
    Int J Surg, 2023 Mar 01;109(3):227-229.
    PMID: 36906787 DOI: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000020
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population*
  3. Fulltext Functioning and utilization of rural water supplies in Sarawak, Malaysia
    Kiyu A, Hardin S
    Bull World Health Organ, 1992;70(1):125-8.
    PMID: 1568276
    A cross-sectional survey of 976 households in 41 villages covered by the Rural Health Improvement Scheme in Sarawak was carried out to determine the state of functioning and utilization of rural water supplies. The survey was carried out by inspection and interview. About one-third of the systems were functioning well, one-third imperfectly, and the remainder were no longer functioning. The coverage of households by water supply varied with the type of water supply, the overall coverage being 81.3%. Usage varied with the type of water supply and access, the overall figure being 87.1%, and the overall utilization was 70.8%. The study showed that it is important to account for water supply usage in impact evaluation because not all households have access and not all those with access use the water supply. It is also important to define water use, depending on whether the health outcome is a reduction in diseases that are water-borne or related to washing with water, because the percentage of households using the water for drinking is different from those using it for bathing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population*
  4. Fulltext 'This is the place where I can be alone, no tension:' Photovoice evidence for adolescent perceptions of their microsystem and psychological adjustment
    Chandra Sekaran V, Bailey A, Kamath VG, Ashok L, Kamath A
    Asian J Psychiatr, 2020 Jun;51:102021.
    PMID: 32315964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102021
    Adolescents experience myriad emotions which occur in relation to their immediate social space which may shape their perceptions of members within the microsystem. The photovoice method uniquely provides participants with the means to capture their life through the lens of a camera while also enabling them to express emotions and meanings they attach to their particular life situations. We explore the various emotions adolescents attach to the spaces they occupy and how they link them to socialization in the context of the microsystem. This study was conducted in rural and urban areas of Udupi taluk, southern India. A total of 21 participants, ranging from early to late adolescence participated and provided multiple forms of data with 112 photographs, 21 journals on their daily interactions and one-on-one interviews facilitated using the SHOWeD model. The analytical method involved compiling visual data from photographs, journal content and interview data pertaining to each participant as a single data file, developing codes using ATLAS.ti, version 8, and further developing sub-themes and themes as they emerged into narratives. Our study was able to elicit emotions and meanings that adolescents attached to social interactions with gendered nuances specific to the Indian cultural setting. Future applications of the photovoice methodology on research among adolescents have also been discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population*
  5. Guiding clean energy transitions in rural households: Insights from China's pilot low-carbon policies
    Li Z, Meng F, Wu S, Afthanorhan A, Hao Y
    J Environ Manage, 2024 Nov;370:122782.
    PMID: 39369521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122782
    The impact of Low Carbon Pilot Policies (LCPPs) on carbon reduction and energy efficiency has been extensively studied. However, the potential of these policies to promote clean energy transition (CET) in rural households remains underexplored. This article constructed a staggered-DID model using data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) to investigate the impact and mechanisms of LCPPs on rural households' CET. The findings indicate that LCPPs significantly enhance the CET among rural households. Moreover, the effects of LCPPs vary across cities, while differences within communities and households are less pronounced. Mechanism analysis reveals that LCPPs facilitate rural households' CET through income effects, infrastructure improvements, and enhanced low-carbon awareness. Notably, the income and low-carbon awareness effects are heterogeneous. Additionally, LCPPs have increased rural households' expenditures on home-cooked meals. We estimate the average fixed cost of the CET for rural households to be approximately $404.495. These insights provide valuable empirical evidence that can guide other countries and regions in promoting CET in rural areas.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population*
  6. Fulltext Does more education always lead to better health? Evidence from rural malaysia
    Leeves G, Soyiri I
    Biomed Res Int, 2015;2015:539212.
    PMID: 25685796 DOI: 10.1155/2015/539212
    Background. Education is usually associated with improvement in health; there is evidence that this may not be the case if education is not fully utilised at work. This study examines the relationship between education level, occupation, and health outcomes of individuals in rural Malaysia. Results. The study finds that the incidence of chronic diseases and high blood pressure are higher for tertiary educated individuals in agriculture and construction occupations. This brings these individuals into more frequent contact with the health system. These occupations are marked with generally lower levels of education and contain fewer individuals with higher levels of education. Conclusions. Education is not always associated with better health outcomes. In certain occupations, greater education seems related to increased chronic disease and contact with the health system, which is the case for workers in agriculture in rural Malaysia. Agriculture is the largest sector of employment in rural Malaysia but with relatively few educated individuals. For the maintenance and sustainability of productivity in this key rural industry, health monitoring and job enrichment policies should be encouraged by government agencies to be part of the agenda for employers in these sectors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population*
  7. Fulltext A holistic approach to promoting early child development: a cluster randomised trial of a group-based, multicomponent intervention in rural Bangladesh
    Pitchik HO, Tofail F, Rahman M, Akter F, Sultana J, Shoab AK, et al.
    BMJ Glob Health, 2021 03;6(3).
    PMID: 33727278 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004307
    INTRODUCTION: In low- and middle-income countries, children experience multiple risks for delayed development. We evaluated a multicomponent, group-based early child development intervention including behavioural recommendations on responsive stimulation, nutrition, water, sanitation, hygiene, mental health and lead exposure prevention.

    METHODS: We conducted a 9-month, parallel, multiarm, cluster-randomised controlled trial in 31 rural villages in Kishoreganj District, Bangladesh. Villages were randomly allocated to: group sessions ('group'); alternating groups and home visits ('combined'); or a passive control arm. Sessions were delivered fortnightly by trained community members. The primary outcome was child stimulation (Family Care Indicators); the secondary outcome was child development (Ages and Stages Questionnaire Inventory, ASQi). Other outcomes included dietary diversity, latrine status, use of a child potty, handwashing infrastructure, caregiver mental health and knowledge of lead. Analyses were intention to treat. Data collectors were independent from implementers.

    RESULTS: In July-August 2017, 621 pregnant women and primary caregivers of children<15 months were enrolled (group n=160, combined n=160, control n=301). At endline, immediately following intervention completion (July-August 2018), 574 participants were assessed (group n=144, combined n=149, control n=281). Primary caregivers in both intervention arms participated in more play activities than control caregivers (age-adjusted means: group 4.22, 95% CI 3.97 to 4.47; combined 4.77, 4.60 to 4.96; control 3.24, 3.05 to 3.39), and provided a larger variety of play materials (age-adjusted means: group 3.63, 3.31 to 3.96; combined 3.81, 3.62 to 3.99; control 2.48, 2.34 to 2.59). Compared with the control arm, children in the group arm had higher total ASQi scores (adjusted mean difference in standardised scores: 0.39, 0.15 to 0.64), while in the combined arm scores were not significantly different from the control (0.25, -0.07 to 0.54).

    CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that group-based, multicomponent interventions can be effective at improving child development outcomes in rural Bangladesh, and that they have the potential to be delivered at scale.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The trial is registered in ISRCTN (ISRCTN16001234).

    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population*
  8. Studies on filariasis in Malaya: field and laboratory investigations of the vectors of a rural strain of Wuchereria bancrofti
    WHARTON RH
    Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1960 Apr;54:78-91.
    PMID: 13844260
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population*
  9. THE TWIN PROBLEMS OF RURAL POVERTY AND ILL HEALTH
    BIN AHMADA
    Med J Malaysia, 1964 Jun;18:235-8.
    PMID: 14199441
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population*
  10. Tobacco smoking patterns in a rural community in Negri Sembilan
    Pathmanathan I
    Med J Malaysia, 1974 Sep;29(1):34-9.
    PMID: 4282628
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population*
  11. An experiment in the control of rural malaria in Malaya
    EDESON JF, WHARTON RH, WILSON T, REID JA
    Med J Malaya, 1957 Sep;12(1):319-47.
    PMID: 13492806
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population*
  12. Determinants of periodontitis among a rural Indian population: A case control study
    Pulikkotil SJ, Nath S, Ramachandran V
    Community Dent Health, 2020 Feb 27;37(1):26-31.
    PMID: 32031346 DOI: 10.1922/CDH_4632Pulikkotil06
    OBJECTIVES: Identify the determinants of periodontitis in a rural Indian population aged 35-44 years.

    BASIC RESEARCH DESIGN: Case-control clinical and questionnaire study in a cluster sample of 50 villages.

    METHODS: A total of 3000 persons were screened for the presence of periodontitis using the CDC case definition in full mouth examination. Equal numbers of cases (604 persons with periodontitis) and controls (604 without periodontitis) were recruited and interviewed with a piloted questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analysis estimated crude and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) respectively with 95% confidence limits.

    RESULTS: Six factors were determined by multivariate analysis to predict periodontitis: education less than or equal to twelve years of schooling (aOR=2.51, 95% CI=1.18-5.34), alcohol consumption (aOR= 1.7, 95% CI=1.16-2.49), consuming a non-vegetarian diet (aOR=1.38, 95% CI=1.08-1.76), not drinking milk (aOR=1.7, 95% CI= 1.29-2.24), not using a toothbrush for cleaning of teeth (aOR=2.98, 95% CI =1.71-5.21) and not cleaning teeth at least once a day (aOR=2.13, 95% CI=1.58-2.87).

    CONCLUSION: Risk factors for periodontitis in a rural Indian population were identified. Further studies should validate these findings and appropriate recommendations should be developed to decrease the prevalence and burden of periodontitis in this population.

    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population*
  13. Fulltext A serial mediation model of negative life events on school adjustment of left-behind adolescents in rural china: the central role of hope and gratitude
    Zhang L, Roslan S, Zaremohzzabieh Z, Liu K, Tang X, Jiang Y, et al.
    BMC Psychiatry, 2023 Aug 14;23(1):588.
    PMID: 37580685 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05102-2
    Adjustment difficulties of school students are common and their school adjustment has gained wide concern in recent years. Negative life events (NLEs) hope, and gratitude have been associated with school adjustment. However, the potential effect of NLEs on hope and gratitude and whether hope and gratitude mediate the association between NLEs and school adjustment among high students have not been studied. Thus, this study aims to investigate the association between NLEs, hope and gratitude, and school adjustment in high school students in China. Additionally, the study aims to examine the mediating role of hope and gratitude in the association between NLEs and school adjustment. A total of 700 junior high school students in Guangxi Province (336 boys, 364 girls, M age = 15 years) completed the questionnaire. The results indicated significant mediating effects of hope and gratitude in the sequential positive association between NLEs and school adjustment. Furthermore, this study unraveled the complexity of the link between NLEs and school adjustment with the combination of hope and gratitude. The findings emphasized the importance of fostering hope and gratitude in left-behind adolescents to combat the negative consequences of NLEs. The study is also one of the first to investigate a serial mediation model to determine which NLEs influence Chinese left-behind adolescents' school adjustment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population*
  14. The rural consumer adoption of sustainable energy: a PLS-SEM-ANN approach of conceptual model development and cross-country validation of Pakistan and Malaysia
    Yin YC, Ahmed J, Nee AYH, Hoe OK
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2023 Jan;30(3):5881-5902.
    PMID: 35982392 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22271-x
    Sustainable and alternative energy sources of biofuel and solar power panel have been revolutionizing the lives and economy of many countries. However, these changes mainly occur in the urban areas and the rural population section has long been ignored by policy makers and government in the provision of energy. It is only recently that solar and biofuel are finally making in road to provide cheap and clean energy sources to rural population. As a result, literatures on consumer behavior of rural population towards sustainable energy sources are still very scarce. The present research aims to fulfill this gap by developing a conceptual model to investigate the adoption of solar power and biofuel energy resources in the cross-cultural setting of Malaysia and Pakistan. The data was collected from the rural areas of Pakistan and Malaysia. The two-stage data analysis method of partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and artificial neural network (ANN) have been applied to satisfy both linear and non-linear regression assumptions, respectively. The results show that consumer in rural areas of Pakistan are willing and possess intention to adopt both biofuel and solar power for commercial and domestic use. Additionally, the results confirm that branding, economic, and altruistic factors are important in yielding intention to use towards biofuel and solar power panel in Pakistan which are validated by the results obtained in Malaysia. Other factors such as climate change awareness, retailer services quality, and ease of use are also important. The results offer wide-ranging theoretical and managerial implications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population*
  15. The contributions of grandparents to preadolescent grandchildren's social skills in rural Malaysia
    Tan JP, Gan SW, Cheah CSL, Tan SA, Nainee S, Yap CC, et al.
    J Res Adolesc, 2024 Jun;34(2):410-435.
    PMID: 38797867 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12959
    This study aimed to generate localized knowledge by investigating the perceptions and experiences of preadolescent grandchildren and grandparents regarding grandparenting and intergenerational interactions and how these processes were related to the social skills of preadolescents from three ethnic groups in Malaysia. Using a concurrent quantitative-qualitative mixed method research design, Chinese, Malay, and Indian preadolescents (N = 465; ages 9-12 years old; M = 10.27 years; SD = 1.03) from rural areas in Malaysia completed a self-administered quantitative survey; furthermore, 25 grandparents participated in one-on-one interviews. Survey findings showed that preadolescent grandchildren who reported higher grandparental warmth and support had greater social skills, mediated by positive grandparent-grandchildren (GP-GC) relationships. The GP-GC relationship and preadolescent social skills association was stronger for skipped generation compared to three-generation households. Interview findings revealed that grandparents expressed unconditional love and autonomy support in their grandparenting roles by guiding and encouraging their preadolescent grandchildren to make decisions. The GP-GC interactions served as a dynamic force in promoting preadolescents' social skills. By employing a decolonized approach and drawing on the lived experiences of grandparents from three ethnic backgrounds in rural Malaysia, the study provided an understanding of grandparenting practices and their general implications across the three ethnic groups. The interview responses highlighted both commonalities and specificities in grandparenting practices and relationship dynamics shaped by religious, class, and sociocultural dimensions in rural Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population*
  16. Fulltext Dengue epidemic in Malaysia: Not a predominantly urban disease anymore
    Muhammad Azami NA, Salleh SA, Neoh HM, Syed Zakaria SZ, Jamal R
    BMC Res Notes, 2011;4:216.
    PMID: 21714858 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-4-216
    BACKGROUND:
    Dengue infection has been an important and serious public health concern in Malaysia ever since its first reported case here in 1902. Nevertheless, to our knowledge, no nationwide investigation has been carried out to determine the actual magnitude of dengue endemicity in the Malaysian population. In this study, we describe a cross sectional seroepidemiology study of dengue IgG seroprevalence in the Malaysian adult population.

    FINDINGS:
    From 1000 subjects (35-74 years old), 91.6% subjects were found to be dengue seropositive. Age is found to be a significant risk factor associated with dengue seroposivity, where the seroprevalence increased with every 10 year increase in age. Nevertheless, gender and ethnicity did not have an effect. Interestingly, there were similar seroprevalence rates between urban and rural samples, showing that dengue is presently not confined to urban areas in Malaysia.

    CONCLUSIONS:
    High dengue IgG seropositivity found in the population is an indication that dengue might be endemic in Malaysia for a long time into the future. Public awareness, proper vector control and vigilant surveillance are critical to keep the infection rates low and to prevent outbreaks.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population
  17. Malay midwives and witches
    Karim WJ
    Soc Sci Med, 1984;18(2):159-66.
    PMID: 6701560
    This paper attempts to analyse professional rivalry and dissonance amongst traditional Malay midwives (bidan kampung) in the Northwest areas of Peninsular Malaysia. It elucidates how techniques of symbolic and ritual communication are carefully monitored by these female specialists, to develop regular clientele and professional credibility over time. However, since an integral element of Malay midwifery is protection from and mastery over mystical forces in nature and evil spirits harboured by witches, a midwife is also an exorcist with skills rather similar to the Malay bomoh (traditional medical practitioner, usually male) except that her range of knowledge of witchcraft is limited to diagnostic and curative rituals of spirit-possession, in infants and children, young unmarried women and pregnant mothers. Within a restricted population area, professional rivalries and competition amongst midwives regularly surface in oblique attacks of witchcraft accusations where the accused strives to maintain her credibility while her accuser gradually wins over her clientele. Significantly, codes of professionalism in traditional Malay midwifery are not only determined by skill and experience, but also religiousness (faith in Islam), benevolence, virtue, diligence and a sense of equality and fair-play in the practice of the trade. These qualities are seemingly lacking in witches who are conceived to be anti-Islamic, uncompromising, manevolent and destructive. Thus, government midwives who threaten the popularity of traditional midwives by being particularly active in their work or supervising and controlling midwives in an authoritarian way, are also labelled as witches. Generally, while midwifery and witchcraft reflect two forms of knowledge that are structurally opposed, in ideology and morality, they exist within the same sphere of ritual and symbolic communication where the practitioners aided by their clients, shift from one state of dissonance to another in an attempt to regulate behaviour.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population
  18. General practice in a rural setting
    Kamil MA
    Family Physician, 1994;6:12-14.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population
  19. Fulltext Usage of Nest Materials by House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) Along an Urban to Rural Gradient in Coimbatore, India
    Radhamany D, Das KS, Azeez PA, Wen L, Sreekala LK
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2016 Aug;27(2):127-34.
    PMID: 27688856 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2016.27.2.10
    The house sparrow (Passer domesticus) is a widely distributed bird species found throughout the world. Being a species which has close association with humans, they chiefly nest on man-made structures. Here we describe the materials used by the house sparrow for making nests along an urban to rural gradient. For the current study, we selected the Coimbatore to Anaikatty road (State Highway-164), a 27 km inter-state highway, which traverses along an urban core to rural outstretch of Coimbatore. Of the 30 nests observed, 15 nests were from the rural, 8 were from the suburban, and 7 were from the urban areas. The nests had two distinct layers, specifically the structural layer and the inner lining. In the current study, we identified 11 plant species, 2 types of animal matter, and 6 types of anthropogenic matter, including plastic pieces and fine rope. The amount of anthropogenic materials in the nest formation varied along the gradients. The usage of anthropogenic materials was high in urban areas (p<0.05) whereas it did not differ at the sub-urban regions (p>0.05). A gradual decrease in the usage of plant matter towards the urban area was noticed (p<0.05). This study explicitly documents the links between nest material usage along an urban to rural gradient, in a human associated bird.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population
  20. The method of disposal of human excreta used by 177 rural Malay households
    Chen PC
    Med J Malaya, 1969 Mar;23(3):159-69.
    PMID: 4240067
    Matched MeSH terms: Rural Population
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