Displaying publications 1301 - 1320 of 4700 in total

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  1. Fulltext The effects of comprehensive warm-up programs on proprioception, static and dynamic balance on male soccer players
    Daneshjoo A, Mokhtar AH, Rahnama N, Yusof A
    PLoS One, 2012;7(12):e51568.
    PMID: 23251579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051568
    The study investigated the effects of FIFA 11+ and HarmoKnee, both being popular warm-up programs, on proprioception, and on the static and dynamic balance of professional male soccer players.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  2. Career choices of today's medical students: where does surgery rank?
    Boyle E, Healy D, Hill AD, O'Connell PR, Kerin M, McHugh S, et al.
    Ir J Med Sci, 2013 Sep;182(3):337-43.
    PMID: 23242574 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-012-0882-x
    INTRODUCTION: The national junior doctor recruitment crisis prompts an appraisal of medical student attitudes to different career pathways. The purpose of this study was to perform a national review of surgical career intentions of Irish final year medical students.

    METHODS: Ethical and institutional approval was obtained at each study location. A questionnaire was designed and distributed to final year students. Domains assessed included demographics, career plans and reasons associated. Anonymised responses were collated and evaluated. Categorical data were compared with Fisher's exact test.

    RESULTS: Responses were obtained from 342 students in four medical schools of whom 78.6% were undergraduates. Over half (53%) were Irish, with Malaysia, Canada and the USA the next most common countries of origin. Only 18% of students intended to pursue surgery, with 60% stating they did not plan to, and 22% undecided. Of those who plan not to pursue surgery, 28% were unsure about a speciality but the most common choices were medicine (39%), general practice (16%) and paediatrics (8%). Reasons for not picking a career in surgery included long hours and the unstructured career path. Suggestions to improve uptake included earlier and more practical exposure to surgery, improved teaching/training and reduction in working hours.

    CONCLUSIONS: In this study 18% of final year medical students identified surgery as their chosen career pathway. Although lifestyle factors are significant in many students' decision, perceived quality and duration of surgical training were also relevant and are modifiable factors which, if improved could increase interest in surgery as a career.

    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  3. Intensive exercise and a patient in acute phase of polymyositis
    Hejazi SM, Engkasan JP, Qomi MS
    J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil, 2012;25(4):231-4.
    PMID: 23220804 DOI: 10.3233/BMR-2012-0340
    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Polymyositis (PM) is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy manifested by proximal limb muscles weakness, elevated creatinin kinase, electromyography changes, and muscle inflammation in biopsy. We report an instance of intensive rehabilitation therapy in a patient with clinically active polymyositis.
    CASE REPORT: A 19-year-old female patient, diagnosed with 'electromyography and biopsy proven' polymyositis for 5 years, suffered from worsening limbs weakness and dysphagia. In her history, she had upper and lower limbs weakness accompanied by dysphagia which was further complicated by right bronchial aspiration 9 months ago. A four-week trial of intensive training and exercise rehabilitation, concurrently accompanied by medications was prescribed for this patient. At the end of therapy she achieved significant improvement in muscle strength, activities of daily living, and ambulation without any disease exacerbation.
    CONCLUSION: We concluded that short-term intensive training and exercise may lead to improvements in patients with PM, without causing a progress in the disease. Due to the rarity of PM and difficulty of conducting well-controlled studies to examine the risks and benefits of exercise in these patients, further research is necessary to investigate benefits of exercise training in active phase of disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  4. Fulltext Intention to adopt clinical decision support systems in a developing country: effect of physician's perceived professional autonomy, involvement and belief: a cross-sectional study
    Sambasivan M, Esmaeilzadeh P, Kumar N, Nezakati H
    BMC Med Inform Decis Mak, 2012;12:142.
    PMID: 23216866 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6947-12-142
    Computer-based clinical decision support systems (CDSS) are regarded as a key element to enhance decision-making in a healthcare environment to improve the quality of medical care delivery. The concern of having new CDSS unused is still one of the biggest issues in developing countries for the developers and implementers of clinical IT systems. The main objectives of this study are to determine whether (1) the physician's perceived professional autonomy, (2) involvement in the decision to implement CDSS and (3) the belief that CDSS will improve job performance increase the intention to adopt CDSS. Four hypotheses were formulated and tested.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  5. Pain symptoms in Malay patients with major depression
    Razali SM, Khalib AQ
    Asian J Psychiatr, 2012 Dec;5(4):297-302.
    PMID: 23174436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2012.02.015
    There is a strong association between depression and pain, which is influenced by various biological and psychological mechanisms. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence and severity of pain symptoms among patients with major depression; and to determine the correlation between pain with clinical variables, neurotic pathology and severity of depression.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  6. Fulltext Total 25-OH vitamin D concentrations in Chinese, Malays and Indians
    Hawkins R
    Ann Lab Med, 2013 Mar;33(2):156-8.
    PMID: 23479565 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2013.33.2.156
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  7. Fulltext The clinical features and outcomes of acute liver failure associated with dengue infection in adults: a case series
    Tan SS, Bujang MA
    Braz J Infect Dis, 2013 Mar-Apr;17(2):164-9.
    PMID: 23453417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2012.09.007
    OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical manifestations and outcome of acute liver failure (ALF) associated with dengue viral infection, a rare but severe complication.
    METHODS: One hundred and fifty five consecutive patients with ALF admitted to the national liver centre from 2001 to 2009 were reviewed retrospectively. Eight cases due to dengue infection were identified and their clinical characteristics are described.
    RESULTS: All patients had severe dengue with one dengue shock syndrome. The median (minimum, maximum) age was 33.5 (17, 47) years with 50% female. The median (minimum, maximum) duration from the onset of fever to development of ALF was 7.5 (5, 13) days and the maximum hepatic encephalopathy (HE) grade were III in five patients and II in three patients. Three patients had systemic inflammatory responses (SIRS) on admission and were in grade III HE. The presence of SIRS on admission was associated with higher grade of HE and its development during the course of hospitalization was associated with worsening HE grade. The hepatitis was characterized by marked elevations in: alanine transaminase [median admission 1140.5 u/L (639, 4161); median peak 2487 u/L (998, 5181)], serum bilirubin [median admission 29 μmol/L (23, 291); median peak 127 μmol/L (72, 592)], and prothrombin time [median admission 16.8s (15.3, 26.2); median peak 22s (15.3, 40.7)]. The survival rate with standard medical therapy alone was 100%.
    CONCLUSIONS: Dengue associated ALF manifest about one week after the onset of fever with severe hepatitis and encephalopathy. In our experience, the outcome with standard medical therapy alone is excellent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  8. Fulltext An assessment of the effectiveness of tobacco control measures on behavior changes related to tobacco use among adolescents and young adults in a district in Sri Lanka
    De Silva WD, Sinha DN, Kahandawaliyanag A
    Indian J Cancer, 2012 Oct-Dec;49(4):438-42.
    PMID: 23442410 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509X.107753
    Sri Lanka became a signatory to the WHO Frame Work Convention on Tobacco Control in September 2003, and this was ratified in November 2003. With a view to reduce the use of tobacco in Sri Lanka, the National Authority on Tobacco and Alcohol Act (NATA) No. 27 of 2006 was implemented.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  9. Social support and work engagement: a study of Malaysian nurses
    Othman N, Nasurdin AM
    J Nurs Manag, 2013 Nov;21(8):1083-90.
    PMID: 23409702 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2012.01448.x
    This study addressed the question of whether social support (supervisor support and co-worker support) could contribute to the variance in work engagement.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  10. Transtibial prosthetic suspension: less pistoning versus easy donning and doffing
    Gholizadeh H, Abu Osman NA, Eshraghi A, Ali S, Sævarsson SK, Wan Abas WA, et al.
    J Rehabil Res Dev, 2012;49(9):1321-30.
    PMID: 23408214
    Poor suspension increases slippage of the residual limb inside the socket during ambulation. The main purpose of this article is to evaluate the pistoning at the prosthetic liner-socket interface during gait and assess patients' satisfaction with two different liners. Two prostheses with seal-in and locking liners were fabricated for each of the 10 subjects with transtibial amputation. The Vicon motion system was used to measure the pistoning during gait. The subjects were also asked to complete a Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire. The results revealed higher pistoning inside the socket during gait with the locking liner than with the seal-in liner (p < 0.05). The overall satisfaction with the locking liner was higher (p < 0.05) because of the relative ease with which the patients could don and doff the device. As such, pistoning may not be the main factor that determines patients' overall satisfaction with the prosthesis and other factors may also contribute to comfort and satisfaction with prostheses. The article also verifies the feasibility of the Vicon motion system for measuring pistoning during gait.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  11. Articular cartilage regeneration with autologous peripheral blood stem cells versus hyaluronic acid: a randomized controlled trial
    Saw KY, Anz A, Jee CSY, Merican S, Ching-Soong Ng R, Roohi SA, et al.
    Arthroscopy, 2013 Apr;29(4):684-94.
    PMID: 23380230 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2012.12.008
    PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare histologic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation of articular cartilage regeneration in patients with chondral lesions treated by arthroscopic subchondral drilling followed by postoperative intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid (HA) with and without peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC).
    METHODS: Fifty patients aged 18 to 50 years with International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grade 3 and 4 lesions of the knee joint underwent arthroscopic subchondral drilling; 25 patients each were randomized to the control (HA) and the intervention (PBSC + HA) groups. Both groups received 5 weekly injections commencing 1 week after surgery. Three additional injections of either HA or PBSC + HA were given at weekly intervals 6 months after surgery. Subjective IKDC scores and MRI scans were obtained preoperatively and postoperatively at serial visits. We performed second-look arthroscopy and biopsy at 18 months on 16 patients in each group. We graded biopsy specimens using 14 components of the International Cartilage Repair Society Visual Assessment Scale II (ICRS II) and a total score was obtained. MRI scans at 18 months were assessed with a morphologic scoring system.
    RESULTS: The total ICRS II histologic scores for the control group averaged 957 and they averaged 1,066 for the intervention group (P = .022). On evaluation of the MRI morphologic scores, the control group averaged 8.5 and the intervention group averaged 9.9 (P = .013). The mean 24-month IKDC scores for the control and intervention groups were 71.1 and 74.8, respectively (P = .844). One patient was lost to follow-up. There were no notable adverse events.
    CONCLUSIONS: After arthroscopic subchondral drilling into grade 3 and 4 chondral lesions, postoperative intra-articular injections of autologous PBSC in combination with HA resulted in an improvement of the quality of articular cartilage repair over the same treatment without PBSC, as shown by histologic and MRI evaluation.
    LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II, randomized controlled trial (RCT).
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  12. Association of autonomic nervous system and EEG scalp potential during playing 2D Grand Turismo 5
    Subhani AR, Likun X, Saeed Malik A
    Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2012;2012:3420-3.
    PMID: 23366661 DOI: 10.1109/EMBC.2012.6346700
    Cerebral activation and autonomic nervous system have importance in studies such as mental stress. The aim of this study is to analyze variations in EEG scalp potential which may influence autonomic activation of heart while playing video games. Ten healthy participants were recruited in this study. Electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) signals were measured simultaneously during playing video game and rest conditions. Sympathetic and parasympathetic innervations of heart were evaluated from heart rate variability (HRV), derived from the ECG. Scalp potential was measured by the EEG. The results showed a significant upsurge in the value theta Fz/alpha Pz (p<0.001) while playing game. The results also showed tachycardia while playing video game as compared to rest condition (p<0.005). Normalized low frequency power and ratio of low frequency/high frequency power were significantly increased while playing video game and normalized high frequency power sank during video games. Results showed synchronized activity of cerebellum and sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation of heart.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  13. Fulltext Diagnostic yield of kidney biopsies performed in a suburban, satellite hospital
    Draman CR, Seman MR, Mohd Noor FS, Kelsom WM
    Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl, 2013 Jan;24(1):178-83.
    PMID: 23354221
    Kidney biopsy is indicated to confirm the clinical diagnosis or to evaluate prognosis of a renal problem. It is a reliable and safe procedure, especially with real-time ultrasound guidance. This is a single-center, retrospective review of the biopsies performed in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Pahang from 2000 to 2010. The demographic data, clinical parameters, and histological reports were extracted from clinic records and analyzed to determine the diagnostic adequacy of biopsy samples for both lupus and non-lupus patients. A total of 219 biopsies were performed throughout the period and only 74 were included in this review. Their mean age was 22.5 ± 10.5 years. 59.5% of the biopsies were performed on female patients. Malays comprised 79.7% (n = 59) of them, followed by Chinese (18.9%, n=14) and Indian (1.4%, n=1). About one-third of the biopsies(n = 25) were performed on patients with lupus nephritis and two-thirds (n = 49) on non-lupus nephritis patients. At the time of biopsy, their serum creatinine values were normal, serum albumin 28.4 ± 10 g/L and total cholesterol 8.9 ± 4.6 mmol/L (mean ± SD). The urine dipstick was 3+ for both proteinuria and hematuria and daily protein excretion was 3.6 ± 3.2 g. Sixty-seven specimens were considered adequate and only six (8%) were inadequate for histological interpretations. The mean number of glomeruli in the biopsy specimens was 16 ± 9.9 (range: 0-47 glomeruli). In non-lupus patients, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was the commonest histological diagnosis (n = 15, 30.6%), followed by minimal change disease (n = 13, 26.5%) and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (n = 7, 14.3%). Membranous nephropathy was diagnosed in four (8.2%) and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in two (4.1%) specimens. Both post-infectious glomerulonephritis and advanced glomerulosclerosis were found in one specimen each. Among the lupus nephritis patients (n = 25), 88% of them were females (P <0.05) and lupus nephritis WHO class IV was the commonest variant (n = 12, 48%) followed by WHO class III (n = 7, 28%). Membranous glomerulopathy or lupus nephritis WHO class V was found in three (12%), and two (8%) had lupus nephritis WHO class II. Serum albumin, urinalysis findings, and daily urinary protein excretion were comparable for both lupus and non-lupus patients. In conclusion, renal biopsy in our center is adequate and sufficient for histological interpretations and management of patients with renal problems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  14. Fulltext A hospital-based study on seroprevalence of leptospirosis among febrile cases in northeastern Malaysia
    Rafizah AA, Aziah BD, Azwany YN, Imran MK, Rusli AM, Nazri SM, et al.
    Int J Infect Dis, 2013 Jun;17(6):e394-7.
    PMID: 23357246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.12.012
    To determine the seroprevalence of leptospirosis among febrile inpatient cases in northeastern Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  15. Spinal arteriovenous malformation presenting with prolapsed intervertebral disc: a diagnostic dilemma
    Farina MY, Harunarashid H, Faridzal F, Jegan T, Das S
    Clin Ter, 2012 Nov;163(6):491-3.
    PMID: 23306743
    The availability of multiple investigating modalities should be utilized to arrive at the correct diagnosis of the spinal arteriovenous malformation (AVM). We hereby report the case of a 21-year-old, obese female, who presented with paraplegia and impaired bowel control two years after an episode of the fall. The Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of her spine not only revealed disc prolapse at T11-T12, but also tortuous dilated spinal veins and cord oedema. A diagnosis of a spinal arterio-venous fistula was confirmed after a spinal angiogram. The dilemma of treating the right pathology for the clinical signs and symptoms are being discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  16. Fulltext Medical students' attitudes toward abortion education: Malaysian perspective
    Tey NP, Yew SY, Low WY, Su'ut L, Renjhen P, Huang MS, et al.
    PLoS One, 2012;7(12):e52116.
    PMID: 23300600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052116
    Abortion is a serious public health issue, and it poses high risks to the health and life of women. Yet safe abortion services are not readily available because few doctors are trained to provide such services. Many doctors are unaware of laws pertaining to abortion. This article reports survey findings on Malaysian medical students' attitudes toward abortion education and presents a case for including abortion education in medical schools.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  17. Latah: an Indonesian startle syndrome
    Bakker MJ, van Dijk JG, Pramono A, Sutarni S, Tijssen MA
    Mov Disord, 2013 Mar;28(3):370-9.
    PMID: 23283702 DOI: 10.1002/mds.25280
    The nature of culture-specific startles syndromes such as "Latah" in Indonesia and Malaysia is ill understood. Hypotheses concerning their origin include sociocultural behavior, psychiatric disorders, and neurological syndromes. The various disorders show striking similarities despite occurring in diverse cultural settings and genetically distant populations. They are characterized clinically by exaggerated startle responses and involuntary vocalizations, echolalia, and echopraxia. Quantifying startle reflexes may help define Latah within the 3 groups of startle syndromes: (1) hyperekplexia, (2) startle-induced disorders, and (3) neuropsychiatric startle syndromes. Twelve female Latah patients (mean age, 44.6 years; SD, 7.7 years) and 12 age-, sex- and socioeconomically matched controls (mean age, 42.3 year; SD, 8.0) were studied using structured history taking and neurological examination including provocation of vocalizations, echolalia, and echopraxia. We quantified auditory startle reflexes with electromyographic activity of 6 left-sided muscles following 104-dB tones. We defined 2 phases for the startle response: a short latency motor startle reflex initiated in the lower brain stem <100/120 ms) and a later, second phase more influenced by psychological factors (the "orienting reflex," 100/120-1000 ms after the stimulus). Early as well as late motor startle responses were significantly increased in patients compared with controls (P ≤ .05). Following their startle response, Latah patients showed stereotyped responses including vocalizations and echo phenomena. Startle responses were increased, but clinically these proved insignificant compared with the stereotyped behavioral responses following the startle response. This study supports the classification of Latah as a "neuropsychiatric startle syndrome."
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  18. Fulltext Prevalence and associated factors of stress, anxiety and depression among prospective medical students
    Yusoff MS, Abdul Rahim AF, Baba AA, Ismail SB, Mat Pa MN, Esa AR
    Asian J Psychiatr, 2013 Apr;6(2):128-33.
    PMID: 23466109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2012.09.012
    Many studies have reported that the prevalence of psychological distress among medical students during medical training was high. However, there are very few studies exploring on the psychological health of prospective medical students. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors for stress, anxiety and depression symptoms among the prospective medical students. A cross-sectional study was done on two cohorts of applicants to a public medical school. A total of 839 applicants were invited to participate in the study. The 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale was administered to the applicants after they completed interviews. A total of 743 (92.2%) applicants took part in the study. The prevalence of moderate to extremely severe level of stress, anxiety and depression were 3.6%, 54.5% and 1.9%, respectively. Stress was significantly associated with extra-curricular activity (p<0.001) and race (p<0.001). Anxiety was associated with extra-curricular activity (p<0.001), race (p<0.001), mother education level (p=0.002) and CGPA group (p=0.034). Depression was associated with academic performance in class (p<0.001) and race (p=0.004). Prevalence of stress and depression among entering medical students was low; however prevalence of anxiety was high which could be due to worry about the interviews to enter medical course. The associated factors of psychological distress among prospective medical students were related to academic, non-academic, parent education and cultural backgrounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  19. Outcome of molar pregnancies in Malaysia: a tertiary centre experience
    Nirmala CK, Nor Azlin MI, Harry SR, Lim PS, Shafiee MN, Nur Azurah AG, et al.
    J Obstet Gynaecol, 2013 Feb;33(2):191-3.
    PMID: 23445147 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2012.741150
    Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a common problem among Asian ethnics. A total of 102 women with molar pregnancies between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2010, were analysed. The aim of the study was to determine the outcome of all molar pregnancies in our institution. The local incidence of molar pregnancy was 2.6 per 1,000 deliveries. A total of 48 women (47.1%) had complete hydatidiform mole and another 54 (52.9%) had partial mole. The mean age of the women with molar pregnancies was 32.0 ± 7.9 years. The mean gestational age at initial diagnosis was 11 weeks ± 3 days. The majority (97 women, 95.1%) had symptoms of vaginal bleeding and 18 (17.6%) women had a uterus larger than dates. A total of 48 (47.1%) women had ultrasound scan findings of 'snow-storm' appearance. None of the women with uncomplicated molar pregnancy had evidence of relapse following one undetectable serum β-hCG level. Four out of the 102 women (3.9%) developed persistent trophoblastic disease before attaining one undetectable serum β-hCG level. All four women required single agent methotrexate and they remained in remission. The prognosis for uncomplicated molar pregnancy is good. Establishment of a National Trophoblastic Centre is recommended to maintain optimal outcome.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  20. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus: pooled analysis of the literature reviews and report of six new cases
    Shaharir SS, Remli R, Marwan AA, Said MS, Kong NCT
    Lupus, 2013 Apr;22(5):492-6.
    PMID: 23435619 DOI: 10.1177/0961203313478303
    INTRODUCTION:Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare neurological disorder which is increasingly recognized to occur in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
    OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of SLE patients with PRES and the associated factors of the poor outcome among them.
    METHODS: We investigated SLE patients who developed PRES between 2005-2011 at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre. A comprehensive literature search was done to find all published cases of PRES in SLE. Pooled analysis was conducted to identify the factors associated with poor outcome.
    RESULTS: There were 103 cases of PRES in SLE published in the literature but only 87 cases were included in the analysis in view of incomplete individual data in the remaining cases. The majority of the cases were Asians (74.2%), female (95.4%) with mean age of 26.3 ± 8.8 years. PRES was highly associated with active disease (97.5%), hypertension (91.7%) and renal involvement (85.1%). We found that 79 patients had a full recovery (90.8%) with a mean onset of full clinical recovery in 5.6 ± 4.1 days. On univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis the predictors of poor outcome, defined as incomplete clinical recovery or death, were intracranial hemorrhage, odds ratio (OR) 14 (1.1-187.2), p=0.04 and brainstem involvement in PRES, OR 10.9 (1.3-90.6), p=0.003.
    CONCLUSION: Intracranial hemorrhage and brainstem involvement were the two important predictors of poor outcome of PRES. Larger prospective studies are needed to further delineate the risk of poor outcome among them.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
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