MyMedR

Clouded leopard (Neofelis diardi) predation on proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus) in Sabah, Malaysia

Matsuda I, Tuuga A, Higashi S

Primates, 2008 Jul;49(3):227-31.

PMID: 18484152 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-008-0085-2

In this study, we have reported two direct observations of individuals from a one-male group of proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus) being killed by clouded leopards (Neofelis diardi) in the riverine forest along the Menanggul river, a tributary of the Kinabatangan river in Sabah, Malaysia. One of the two individuals was an infant female and the other was a juvenile female. Based on literature reviews and the observations reported here, we suggest that clouded leopard and crocodile might be significant potential predators of proboscis monkeys of any age or sex and that predation threats elicit the monkeys' anti-predator strategies. Moreover, the observations of the monkeys' behaviour when the group is attacked by a predator suggest that the adult males in one-male groups play an important role as protectors.

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Characteristics

Female transfer between one-male groups of proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus)

Murai T, Mohamed M, Bernard H, Mahedi PA, Saburi R, Higashi S

Primates, 2007 Apr;48(2):117-21.

PMID: 16871366

Successful or unsuccessful female transfers were observed seven times during a 32-month field study of proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus) inhabiting a riverine forest along a tributary of the Kinabatangan River, Sabah, Malaysia. In all cases, the females voluntarily left their own groups and immediately joined with another one. When adult females tried to shift to other groups, adult males called them back to their own groups, but appeared to be indifferent to subadult females. When the adult females returned, the males never attacked the females physically, but instead often emitted herding sounds to them. One subadult female was repelled by a resident adult female. When one adult female transferred into a new one-male group, she left her behind son in an all-male group. The number of females often fluctuated in most study groups, with this fluctuation being more prominent among subadult females than adult females. It is likely that female transfer in proboscis monkeys is not a rare occurrence and that it is especially common among sub-adult females.

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Factors

The darting game in snails and slugs

Schilthuizen M

Trends Ecol Evol, 2005 Nov;20(11):581-4.

PMID: 16701439

Love darts are hard 'needles' that many snails and slugs use to pierce their partner during mating. In a few species, darts have been shown to play a role in sperm competition. Two new papers, by Davison et al., and Koene and Schulenburg, might further pique researchers' interest, because they show how the full potential of darts can be tapped for studies of sexual selection in hermaphrodites.

Matched MeSH terms: Disorders of Sex Development

A survey of perceived stress among undergraduate dental students in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Rosli TI, Abdul Rahman R, Abdul Rahman SR, Ramli R

Singapore Dent J, 2005 Dec;27(1):17-22.

PMID: 16438264

The objectives of this study were to determine the sources of stress among undergraduate dental students, and to compare the sources of stress among the 5 years of undergraduate study, between gender, and with other studies done elsewhere. A total of 325 students across the 5 academic years (88.8% response rate) of the Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, completed the modified Dental Environment Stress questionnaire. All respondents reported that they experienced some form of stress. The preclinical students reported that examinations and fear of failure caused the most stress. The main stressor for clinical students was clinical training, particularly factors relating to meeting clinical requirements. Female students perceived more stress generally than male students. However, male students were more stressed when faced with factors related to clinical training.

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Factors

[Macrostylophora kinabaluae n. sp. (Insecta: Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae), a new flea from Sabah (Borneo, Eastern Malaysia)]

Beaucournu JC, Wells K

Parasite, 2005 Sep;12(3):237-40.

PMID: 16218211

This species, known only by a single male, is described from Mount Kinabalu and thus is recorded from the same area as Macrostylophora borneensis (Jordan, 1926), teste Traub (1972). It is distinguished from its congeneric and characterized by the absence of eriged setae on the thorax and first abdominal tergits, as well as by the shape of terminal segments and the phallosom. Macrostylophora kinabaluae was found to parasitize the Sciurid rodent Callosciurus prevostii that is widespread throughout most areas in the Malaysian subregion.

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Characteristics

Effect of gender specific anthropometric characteristics on lung function in young competitive triathletes from Malaysia

Johari HM, Zainudin HA, Knight VF, Lumley SA, Subramanium AS, Caszo BA, et al.

J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 2017 Apr;57(4):396-401.

PMID: 27045742 DOI: 10.23736/S0022-4707.16.06292-7

BACKGROUND: Anthropometric and lung function characteristics of triathletes are important for the implementation of individual specific training and recovery recommendations. However, limited data are available for these parameters in triathletes. Hence, the aim of this study was to characterize and examine the gender differences of lung function and anthropometry parameters in competitive triathletes from Malaysia.

METHODS: Body composition assessment and lung function tests were performed on sixteen competitive triathletes (nine male and seven female). The subject's body composition profile including muscle mass (kg), fat free mass (kg), and percent body fat was measured using a bio-impedance segmental body composition analyzer. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were measured by Quark PFT2 spirometer.

RESULTS: The anthropometric measurements revealed that male triathletes were significantly taller than female triathletes and had significantly more protein and skeletal muscle mass. The female triathletes, however, had significantly higher percent body fat. Male triathletes had statistically significant higher FVC and FEV1 than female triathletes. Both the male and female triathletes showed a positive correlation between height, fat free mass and the lung function markers FVC and FEV1. This association was not seen with Body Mass Index (BMI) in female triathletes.

CONCLUSIONS: The data from our study shows that anthropometric parameters are directly linked to lung function of a triathlete. We also found the relationship between BMI and lung function to be gender specific in triathletes and is dependent on the body protein and fat content. Hence, body composition characterization is essential and provides valuable information for developing individual specific training modules.

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Factors

Fulltext Maxillary and mandibular anterior crown width/height ratio and its relation to various arch perimeters, arch length, and arch width groups

Shahid F, Alam MK, Khamis MF

Eur J Dent, 2016 3 2;9(4):490-499.

PMID: 26929686 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.172620

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the maxillary and mandibular anterior crown width/height ratio and its relation to various arch perimeters, arch length, and arch width (intercanine, interpremolar, and intermolar) groups.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The calculated sample size was 128 subjects. The crown width/height, arch length, arch perimeter, and arch width of the maxilla and mandible were obtained via digital calliper (Mitutoyo, Japan). A total of 4325 variables were measured. The sex differences in the crown width and height were evaluated. Analysis of variance was applied to evaluate the differences between arch length, arch perimeter, and arch width groups.

RESULTS: Males had significantly larger mean values for crown width and height than females (P ≤ 0.05) for maxillary and mandibular arches, both. There were no significant differences observed for the crown width/height ratio in various arch length, arch perimeter, and arch width (intercanine, interpremolar, and intermolar) groups (P ≤ 0.05) in maxilla and mandible, both.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate sexual disparities in the crown width and height. Crown width and height has no significant relation to various arch length, arch perimeter, and arch width groups of maxilla and mandible. Thus, it may be helpful for orthodontic and prosthodontic case investigations and comprehensive management.

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Characteristics

Fulltext Detection of xanthine oxidase in human plasma

Newaz MA, Adeeb NNN

Med J Malaysia, 1998 Mar;53(1):70-5.

PMID: 10968141

Xanthine oxidase is a highly versatile enzyme which is widely distributed among various species. Though the presence of the enzyme in serum is not yet established, high antibody titre of this enzyme has been reported. Xanthine oxidase is thought to be the principal source of free radical generation via degradation of nucleotides to the end product, uric acid. The aim of this study was to detect xanthine oxidase activity in human plasma and report any significant relationships found between its activity and variables such as race, age and sex for the sample size studied. Forty six normal healthy individuals (14 males and 32 females) were studied. The enzyme activity was measured by a spectrophotometric method whereby the reduction of ferricytochrome c by free radicals was calculated and expressed as nmol O2 production/ml/min. Results obtained showed that there was a positive relationship between xanthine oxidase activity with age (r = 0.415, p < 0.05) and weight (r = 0.369, p < 0.05) in the normal individual. For the age group 30-39 yrs (n = 11), a higher enzyme activity was observed in males (2.71 +/- 1.44) as compared to females (2.34 +/- 1.23) but it was not significant (p = 0.53). For racial distribution, the Malays [M] have a higher enzyme activity (2.65 +/- 0.86, N = 32) than their Indian [I] (2.27 +/- 0.58; N = 7) and Chinese counterparts [C] (1.44 +/- 1.22; N = 7) but this was also not statistically significant (M vs I: p = 0.39; M vs C: p = 0.07; I vs C: p = 0.16). In conclusion this study showed that there is a measurable amount of xanthine oxidase activity in the human plasma.

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Factors

Fulltext Career preferences of male and female medical students in Malaysia

Zulkifli A, Rogayah J

Med J Malaysia, 1997 Mar;52(1):76-81.

PMID: 10968057

A survey of career choices were conducted for three batches of final year medical students at Universiti Sains Malaysia. A total of 241 students responded, giving a response rate of 76%, with 107 males (44.4%) and 134 females (55.6%). Surgery ranked highest among the male students while obstetrics and gynaecology ranked highest among female students. Internal medicine was the second choice for both males and females. Among the other specialties, the male students shows preferred Hospital Administration and Radiology while female students preferred Community Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology. Both male and female students chose to be a clinical consultant in a general hospital as the first choice. They prefer to work in or near their hometowns.

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Factors

Normal developmental pattern of preschool Malaysian children

Chen ST

J Singapore Paediatr Soc, 1988;30(3-4):118-24.

PMID: 3216636

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Factors

Fulltext Head circumference of Malaysian school children

Chen ST

Med J Malaysia, 1985 Jun;40(2):90-4.

PMID: 3834291

Percentile head circumference charts, from six to eleven years of age, for boys and girls are presented. These can be used to monitor the head circumference of Malaysian children.

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Factors

Fulltext Complete heart block in Malaysians

Chin K, Singham KT, Masduki A

Med J Malaysia, 1983 Jun;38(2):142-4.

PMID: 6621444

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Factors

Fulltext Management and outcome of childhood meningitis in east Malaysia

Lyn P, Pan Fui Lin

Med J Malaysia, 1988 Mar;43(1):90-6.

PMID: 3244328

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Factors

Fulltext Attempted suicides in Penang--preliminary observations

Yeoh OH

Med J Malaysia, 1981 Mar;36(1):39-46.

PMID: 7321937

The characteristics of 74 patients who attempted suicide in Penang are described. Differences in the incidence and reasons for and methods of attempting were observed among the ethnic groups. There was a higher incidence in females and patients of single status. The majority of patients did not suffer from severe psychiatric disorders, but did encounter chronic inter-personal and intra-familial conflicts. Conflicts with elders were more frequent among female patients, and this finding suggested that young females were faced with a greater degree of role conflicts. Rural to urban shift among the Chinese patients was observed to be associated with a high incidence of attempts. Dwellers of high-rise flat complexes were not over-represented. In view of antecedent social factors, professionals and others besides psychiatrists have a role in the prevention and management of para-suicidal behaviours.

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Factors

A comparative study of road traffic accidents in West Malaysia

Silva JF

Trop Doct, 1979 Oct;9(4):221-7.

PMID: 516150

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Factors

Prevalence of the house fly Musca domestica L. in the vicinity of Kuala Lumpur

Inder Singh K

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1971 Dec;2(4):548-51.

PMID: 5144156

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Factors

A foetus in the abdomen of a boy

Lal M

Med J Malaya, 1971 Jun;25(4):307-10.

PMID: 4261309

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Factors

The association between religious orientation and life satisfaction in older adults living with morbidity and multimorbidity: a gender perspective in Malaysia

Foong HF, Hamid TA, Ibrahim R, Haron SA

Psychogeriatrics, 2020 Nov;20(6):891-899.

PMID: 32985044 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12614

BACKGROUND: Little is known about gender differences in the relationship between religious orientation and life satisfaction in older adults living with chronic disease(s). Therefore, the purpose of this article was to examine the moderating effect of gender on the association between religious orientation and life satisfaction in older adults living with morbidity and multimorbidity.

METHODS: The study involved 1790 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 and above living with at least one chronic medical condition. The Satisfaction with Life Scale and Revised Intrinsic/Extrinsic Religious Orientation Scale were used to measure life satisfaction and religious orientation. Moderated hierarchical multiple regression was used to test the moderation effect.

RESULTS: Results showed that while intrinsic religiosity was positively associated with life satisfaction, extrinsic religiosity was found to have a negative relationship with life satisfaction. Gender moderated the association between intrinsic religiosity and life satisfaction.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggested that the positive impact of intrinsic religiosity on life satisfaction was stronger in older women living with morbidity and multimorbidity. Healthcare practitioners can help disadvantaged older women in identifying their religious values and practices to improve their subjective wellbeing.

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Factors

A proof of principal study on the use of direct PCR of semen and spermatozoa and development of a differential isolation protocol for use in cases of alleged sexual assault

Tobe SS, Swaran YC, Dennany L, Sibbing U, Schulze Johann K, Welch L, et al.

Int J Legal Med, 2017 Jan;131(1):87-94.

PMID: 27832353 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-016-1461-x

Sexual assault samples are some of the most common samples encountered in forensic analysis. These samples can require a significant time investment due to differential extraction processes. We report on the first record of successful direct amplification of semen for STR analysis. Neat seminal fluid, dilutions ranging from 1:5 to 1:160 and GEDNAP samples were successfully amplified using a direct method. A mild differential isolation technique to enrich spermatozoa was developed and successfully implemented to separate and directly amplify a mixture of semen and female epithelial cells. Aliquots of samples subjected to the differential isolation protocol were stained with Haemotoxylin and Eosin for sperm scoring. Samples stained after PCR showed a complete lack of intact spermatozoa demonstrating that the cells are lysed during the PCR process. This paper demonstrates the potential to incorporate direct PCR in cases of sexual assault to more rapidly obtain results and achieve a higher sensitivity.

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Offenses

Demographic, clinical and immunological features of 134 Malaysian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Azizah MR, Ainol SS, Kong NCT, Normaznah Y, Rahim MN

International Medical Journal (Tokyo), 2001;8(1):45-50.

Objective: SLE is an autoimmune disease which affects multiple organ system. Clinical and immunological expression of the disease have been widely studied and variations occur in different ethnic groups. Here in this study, we have analyzed the clinical manifestations and immunological features of Malaysian patients with Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and compared them with SLE population from some of the Asian countries. Study design: A total of 134 Malaysian patients attending the SLE Clinic of The National University Hospital of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur and who satisfy the revised ACR (American College of Rheumatology) criteria for the classification of SLE were enrolled into the study. Data on the demography, clinical and immunological features were obtained from medical records. Materials and Methods: The female to male ratio in the study cohort was 10:1 and consisted of the Malay, Chinese and Indian races. Past clinical and immunological features were entered into a prepared questionnaire. At study entry patients were seen by a rheumatologist for assessment of present clinical condition and blood obtained for immunological tests (Antinuclear, antids DNA, antiSm, antiU1RNP, antiSSA(Ro), antiSSB(La), anticardiolipin (IgG and IgM) antibodies and complements C3 and C4). Chi-square, Fisher's exact test and Mann Whitney U Test were used to analyze data. Results: Clinical features expressed at disease presentation in order of frequency was mucocutaneous (72%), followed by musculoskeletal (58%) and renal involvement (45%) which was also similar during the course of the disease (90%, 72% and 64% respectively). A high prevalence of antiSSB (La) antibodies was found (48%). Conclusion: This study provides the literature on the clinical and immunological features of Malaysian SLE patients and further shows the different spectrum of disease profile when compared to other ethnic groups. The roles of racial and genetic factors are suggested.

Matched MeSH terms: Sex Ratio

Displaying publications 121 - 140 of 1406 in total