MyMedR

Fulltext The Association between Tea Consumption and Nasopharyngeal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Okekpa SI, S. M. N. Mydin RB, Ganeson S, Gopalan S, Musa MY

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2020 08 01;21(8):2183-2187.

PMID: 32856842 DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.8.2183

Heated debates have been on-going about tea consumption and the incidence of cancer, especially in head and
neck cancer types. This study aimed to review the association between tea consumption habits and nasopharyngeal
cancer (NPC). Methods: This review was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA-P protocol. Literature search
for journal articles that published studies on the relationship between tea consumption and NPC was performed via
databases, such as Elsevier, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Link, Google, and Google Scholar, for 10 years from
2008 to 2018. Relevant studies were obtained by applying the pre-determined keywords, such as nasopharyngeal cancer,
tea consumption and NPC, risk factors of NPC and benefits of tea consumption. Results: A total of 126 articles was
retrieved. These articles were subjected to eligibility assessment. Six articles remained after applying the inclusion
criteria. Results suggest that habitual tea consumption reduces NPC. Tea consumption significantly reduces NPC with
all the studies having a p-value ≤0.05. Meta-analysis showed statistical association between tea consumption and NPC
risk with OR=0.865 at 95% CI (0.806-0.929). Conclusion: This study suggests that habitual tea consumption could
be associated with prevention of NPC development. Additional studies are needed to further understand the molecular
role of bioactive compound and potential health benefit of tea consumption in NPC prevention.

Matched MeSH terms: Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/prevention & control*

Fulltext Covid-19 pandemic in the lens of food safety and security

Ma NL, Peng W, Soon CF, Noor Hassim MF, Misbah S, Rahmat Z, et al.

Environ Res, 2021 Feb;193:110405.

PMID: 33130165 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110405

The recently emerged coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which has been characterised as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), is impacting all parts of human society including agriculture, manufacturing, and tertiary sectors involving all service provision industries. This paper aims to give an overview of potential host reservoirs that could cause pandemic outbreak caused by zoonotic transmission. Amongst all, continues surveillance in slaughterhouse for possible pathogens transmission is needed to prevent next pandemic outbreak. This paper also summarizes the potential threats of pandemic to agriculture and aquaculture sector that control almost the total food supply chain and market. The history lesson from the past, emerging and reemerging infectious disease including the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2002, Influenza A H1N1 (swine flu) in 2009, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012 and the recent COVID-19 should give us some clue to improve especially the governance to be more ready for next coming pandemic.

Matched MeSH terms: Pandemics/prevention & control

How do surgeons weather the storm of COVID-19 pandemic?

Voon K, Premnath N

Med J Malaysia, 2020 11;75(6):762-763.

PMID: 33219197

COVID-19 has infected more than 10 million people worldwide and it has become one of the biggest challenges in the modern medical history. Wearing of face masks, social distancing, effective hand hygiene and the use of appropriate personal protective equipment are important in flattening the curve of the pandemic. The role of the surgeons in this battle against COVID-19 include curbing the spread of the disease, to protect and preserve the surgical workforce and to ensure the continuance of essential surgical services. We report our experience in dealing with the COVID-19 outbreak in a tertiary surgical centre in the Penang General Hospital in Northern Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Transmission, Infectious/prevention & control*

Fulltext Relaxing music reduces blood pressure and heart rate among pre-hypertensive young adults: A randomized control trial

Mir IA, Chowdhury M, Islam RM, Ling GY, Chowdhury AABM, Hasan ZM, et al.

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich), 2021 02;23(2):317-322.

PMID: 33347732 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14126

Prevalence of pre-hypertension is higher among young adults and may increase the risk for hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity. Music therapy has been investigated to reduce the blood pressure in the hypertensive population; however, its efficacy on blood pressure in pre-hypertensive young adults is not known. Thirty pre-hypertensive (systolic blood pressure [SBP] = 120-139 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure [DBP] = 80-89 mmHg) young adults were recruited and randomly assigned into two groups. Music group (N = 15) received music therapy by passive listening to music for 30 minutes/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks, along with Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan (a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, low-fat dairy or unsaturated fat) and limit the daily sodium intake less than 100 mmol/day. The control group (N = 15) practiced only DASH eating plan and sodium restriction. The SBP, DBP, and heart rate (HR) were measured before and after 4 weeks of intervention. There was a significant reduction in SBP (8.73 mmHg, p Control group did not exhibit any significant reduction in SBP (0.21 mmHg, p

Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/prevention & control

Fulltext Effectiveness of pretend medical play in improving children's health outcomes and well-being: a systematic review

Rashid AA, Cheong AT, Hisham R, Shamsuddin NH, Roslan D

BMJ Open, 2021 01 20;11(1):e041506.

PMID: 33472781 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041506

BACKGROUND: The healthcare setting is stressful for many people, especially children. Efforts are needed to mitigate children's healthcare-related anxiety. Medical play using the Teddy Bear Hospital (TBH) concept can expose children to healthcare settings and help them develop positive experiences in these settings. In this role-playing game, children bring their soft toys and act as parents to the 'sick' teddies in a pretend hospital or clinic play setting. The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness of the TBH in improving children's health outcomes and well-being.

METHODS: We searched the reference lists of included studies from four electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and Google Scholar) from inception until November 2020. We included pre-post, quasiexperimental and case-control studies, as well as randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that discussed medical play using the TBH concept as an intervention. Studies that involved sick patients and used interventions unlike the TBH were excluded. We assessed the quality of the included studies using the Cochrane Collaboration's 'Risk of bias' tool.

RESULTS: Ten studies were included in this systematic review. Five specifically investigated the TBH method, while the others involved the same concept of medical play. Only three studies were RCTs. All of the studies report more than one outcome-mostly positive outcomes. Two report lower anxiety levels after intervention. Two found better healthcare knowledge, with one reporting increased feelings of happiness regarding visiting a doctor. Two studies found no change in anxiety or feelings, while another two found increased levels of fear and lowered mood after the medical play (which involved real medical equipment).

CONCLUSIONS: The practice of TBH has mostly positive outcomes, with lower anxiety levels and improved healthcare knowledge. Its effectiveness should be verified in future studies using a more robust methodology.

PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42019106355.

Matched MeSH terms: Anxiety/prevention & control

A state-wide campaign for the early detection of cancer in Sabah

Oommen RM

Aust N Z J Surg, 1994 Jan;64(1):22-3.

PMID: 8267532

The Medical Department of Sabah, in collaboration with various governmental and non-governmental agencies and 'Surgeons International' conducted a state-wide campaign for the 'Early Detection of Cancer' over a period of 3 months from July 1992. The purpose of the campaign was to educate the population about the early signs and symptoms of common cancers, to remove the myth that cancer was incurable and to impress on the public the need to detect cancer early for a possible cure and a better prognosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Neoplasms/prevention & control*

Accidental poisoning: selected aspects of its epidemiology and prevention

Arokiasamy JT

Med J Malaysia, 1994 Jun;49(2):109-12.

PMID: 8090087

http://www.e-mjm.org/1994/v49n2/Accidental_Poisoning.pdf

Matched MeSH terms: Poisoning/prevention & control

The travelling athlete: issues relating to the Commonwealth Games, Malaysia, 1998

Young M, Fricker P, Maughan R, MacAuley D

Br J Sports Med, 1998 Mar;32(1):77-81.

PMID: 9562173

Matched MeSH terms: Dehydration/prevention & control

Progress toward poliomyelitis eradication -- Western Pacific Region, January 1, 1996-September 27, 1997

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 1997 Nov 28;46(47):1113-7.

PMID: 9393657

In 1988, the World Health Assembly adopted the goal of global poliomyelitis eradication by 2000, which was endorsed in each of the six regions of the World Health Organization (WHO). In the Western Pacific Region (WPR), where the last known case of polio associated with isolation of wild poliovirus occurred in March 1997, the reported number of cases decreased from 5963 in 1990 to 197 in 1996. This report documents progress toward polio eradication in WPR from January 1, 1996, through September 27, 1997, in countries where polio is endemic (Cambodia, China, Laos, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and Vietnam) or recently was endemic (Malaysia and Mongolia) and describes the routine and supplemental vaccination activities necessary to interrupt wild poliovirus transmission in the region.

Matched MeSH terms: Poliomyelitis/prevention & control

Medicine in Malaysia: parasitic diseases

Mak JW

Med J Malaysia, 1995 May;50 Suppl A:S60-4.

PMID: 10968018

Matched MeSH terms: Parasitic Diseases/prevention & control

Problems with rabies postexposure management: a survey of 499 public hospitals in Thailand

Kositprapa C, Wimalratna O, Chomchey P, Chareonwai S, Benjavongkulchai M, Khawplod P, et al.

J Travel Med, 1998 Mar;5(1):30-2.

PMID: 9772313

Rabies is still a major public health problem in Asia. The incidence of known annual human cases in India alone has recently been revised from 20,000 to 30,000, and over 500,000 patients are given some form of postexposure rabies treatment. Only China, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand are reporting a significant decrease in the prevalence of this disease in humans. Over 150,000 courses of postexposure treatment (PET) are given in Thailand every year. To determine remaining barriers to further reduction of the number of human rabies deaths, we carried out a questionnaire study of government hospitals throughout the Kingdom.

Matched MeSH terms: Rabies/prevention & control*

Trend of malaria incidence in highly endemic provinces along the Thai borders, 1991-2001

Konchom S, Singhasivanon P, Kaewkungwal J, Chupraphawan S, Thimasarn K, Kidson C, et al.

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 2003 Sep;34(3):486-94.

PMID: 15115117

The intercountry border areas of Thailand have high malaria receptivity and vulnerability that present numerous problems in the control of malaria transmission. This study focused on the 30 provinces of Thailand situated next to neighboring countries, which can be divided into 4 groups: the Thai-Myanmar border (10 provinces), the Thai-Cambodia border (6 provinces), the Thai-Lao border (10 provinces) and the Thai-Malaysia border (4 provinces). The purpose of the present study was to describe the pattern and trend of malaria incidence in the highly endemic provinces along the Thai borders for the 11 years from 1991 to 2001. Analysis of trends showed the distribution of malaria parasites to have shifted from a preponderance of Plasmodium falciparum to Plasmodium vivax along the western border with Myanmar, the northern border with Lao PDR and along the eastern border with Cambodia whereas the southern border with Malaysia the pattern changed from a preponderance of P. vivax to P. falciparum, since 1997. There was a significant difference in annual parasite incidence between borders and non-border districts, especially along the Thai-Myanmar and Thai-Cambodia borders. It is thus evident that all border districts should pay more attention to control of malaria transmission and the activities of the malaria surveillance system, and that monitoring and evaluation of the Thai Malaria Control Program needs to be performed consistently, including some areas where a few malaria cases were found as well as in malaria free areas.

Matched MeSH terms: Malaria/prevention & control

Approaches towards the development of a vaccine against tuberculosis: recombinant BCG and DNA vaccine

Mohd Nor N, Musa M

Tuberculosis (Edinb), 2004;84(1-2):102-9.

PMID: 14670351 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2003.08.011

The last few years have witnessed intense research on vaccine development against tuberculosis. This has been driven by the upsurge of tuberculosis cases globally, especially those caused by multi-drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Various vaccine strategies are currently being developed which can be broadly divided into the so-called living and non-living vaccines. Examples are attenuated members of the M. tuberculosis complex, recombinant mycobacteria, subunit proteins and DNA vaccines. Given current developments, we anticipate that recombinant BCG and DNA vaccines are the most promising. Multiple epitopes of M. tuberculosis may need to be cloned in a vaccine construct for the desired efficacy to be achieved. The technique of assembly polymerase chain reaction could facilitate such a cloning procedure.

Matched MeSH terms: Tuberculosis/prevention & control*

The role of hospital management in reducing medical errors

Nagara CS

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Mar;58 Suppl A:83-5.

PMID: 14556355

Matched MeSH terms: Medical Errors/prevention & control*

Fulltext Syphilis in the military community

Supramaniam V

Med J Malaysia, 1980 Mar;34(3):248-53.

PMID: 7412665

288 notifications of syphilis in military personnel for 1974 to 1978 are analysed. 56 cases are primary and 232 are latent syphilis in service personnel and 13 in women and children. Antenatal screening detected 56 cases (0.9%) of syphilis. Only 24 cases among soldiers had confirmatory tests done. Treatment varied and some were inadequately treated, others overtreated and many with incorrect schedules. Intramuscular penicillin was the treatment of choice in 85% of cases. Follow-up of cases was inadequate. In all, it indicated a poor control programme for STD. A good programme is possible within the armed forces set-up and a number of measures are suggested.

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis/prevention & control*

Status of malaria vectors in Malaysia

Khoon CC

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1985 Mar;16(1):133-8.

PMID: 4023806

Matched MeSH terms: Malaria/prevention & control

Fulltext Ban on firecrackers should not be lifted during festivals

Krishnan R

Med J Malaysia, 1990 Dec;45(4):353.

PMID: 2152061

Matched MeSH terms: Wounds and Injuries/prevention & control*

Fulltext Plasma cholesterol and coronary artery disease: how big a heartache?

Lyn PCW

Med J Malaysia, 1987 Mar;42(1):22-30.

PMID: 3323859

Coronary atheroma is the principal cause of ischaemic heart disease. Among the factors considered to predispose to atheroma formation is raised plasma cholesterol and although it is regarded as a minor risk factor by some, others see its contribution as one of major importance. Whichever the view, the debate on plasma cholesterol and coronary heart disease (CHD) has long moved out of the exclusive domain of the scientific journal to the public arena and is reflected in the increasing frequency with which doctors are consulted by patients on the subject. The incidence of CHD in South-East Asian countries is also rising. For the practising clinician, the problem resolves itself into deciding if the evidence incriminating plasma cholesterol as a predisposing factor is strong enough, and if it is, what prophylactic and therapeutic steps are of value in reducing the incidence of CH D. An updated and brief review of lipid metabolism and the relationship of lipids to CHD is now necessary in view of the rapid accumulation of data from recent trials and prospective studies.

Matched MeSH terms: Coronary Artery Disease/prevention & control

Human behavioural research applied to the leprosy control programme of Sarawak, Malaysia

Chen PC

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1986 Sep;17(3):421-6.

PMID: 3563609

In 1984, in Sarawak, there were a total of 1,099 recorded cases of leprosy for a population of 1.3 million. However, for each case recorded, it is estimated that two others remain undiagnosed as a consequence of the stigmatization associated with leprosy. For the five year period, 1979-1983, an average of 29 new cases were detected each year of which 8.6 (30%) were deformed due to the late stages at which it was being reported. To increase the case-finding rate, human behavioural research was applied to the leprosy control programme so as to develop culture-specific health education packages aimed at self diagnosis and self referral in order to detect the large pool of undiagnosed cases hidden behind the veil of aversion, fear and ignorance. This was achieved through anthropological studies to identify how the various major ethnic groups perceived leprosy and their attitudes towards leprosy. Taking into account these findings, health education packages aimed at adults as well as children were developed for the Chinese as well as the non-Chinese, and consisted of newspaper articles, cartoon tape-slides, cartoon story books and posters.

Matched MeSH terms: Leprosy/prevention & control

Fulltext A knowledge attitude and practice (KAP) study on dengue/dengue haemorrhagic fever and the Aedes mosquitoes

Uma Deavi Ayyamani, Gan CY, Ooi GS

Med J Malaysia, 1986 Jun;41(2):108-15.

PMID: 3821605

A KAP study on dengue/dengue haemorrhagic fever (DF/DHF) was carried out in three areas in the Federal Territory. The three areas were selected based on their ethnic group composition and were Jinjang North (Chinese), Kampung Bahru (Malays) and Sentul (Indians). Houses were selected by a systematic sampling method and house-to-house interviews were carried out with a pre-tested, predesigned questionnaire. 546 (87.62%) of the households responded.

Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/prevention & control

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