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  1. Fulltext Validation of the communication skills attitude scale (CSAS) questionnaire in a cohort of Malaysian medical students
    Baharudin N, Mohamed Yassin MS, Badlishah Sham SF, Mohd Yusof ZY, Ramli AS
    Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences, 2017;2(2):46-53.
    MyJurnal
    The Communication Skills Attitude Scale (CSAS) assesses medical students’ attitudes towards learning communication skills and had been widely utilised all over the world.
    This questionnaire has 26 items framed within two subscales. This study aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the CSAS among medical students in Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM).
    Methods: This was a cross sectional questionnaire validation study among 171 first year medical students from UiTM. The CSAS had undergone content and face validation, followed by psychometric analysis using principal component analysis to assess construct validity. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach alpha.
    Results: Factor analysis confirmed the original two-subscale structure of the CSAS (positive attitude scale, PAS and negative attitude scale, NAS). A total of 4 items were removed due to poor factor loading (1 item from PAS and 3 items from NAS). The final validated CSAS consisted of 22 items, 14 and 8 items for the PAS and NAS respectively. Cronbach alphas calculated were 0.862 for the PAS and 0.565 for the NAS.
    Conclusion: This study produced a validated and reliable CSAS to measure the attitude of UiTM medical students towards learning communication skills. Given the low internal reliability of the NAS in this study, future studies should include translating and validating the CSAS into the Malay language to improve its psychometric properties. Future studies should also include medical students from the three major ethnic groups and other medical schools in Malaysia to improve the generalisability of the CSAS.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  2. Fulltext Prevalence of malnutrition among hospitalised adult cancer patients at the National Cancer Institute, Putrajaya, Malaysia
    Norshariza, J., Neoh, M.K., Betti, Sharina M.H.L., Aeininhayatey, A., Siti Farrah Zaidah, M.Y., Aini Zaharah, A.J., et al.
    Malays J Nutr, 2017;23(2):161-174.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Malnutrition in cancer patients affects the quality of life (QoL) of the patients and brings about adverse outcomes including morbidity and mortality. This study aims to determine the prevalence of malnutrition among cancer patients at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Putrajaya.
    Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 97 respondents who were admitted to the NCI between August 2014 and January 2015. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, anthropometric measurements, dietary intake and biochemical data were obtained. The Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) was used to identify malnutrition risk, while the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) determined patients’ nutritional status.
    Results: Approximately 61.9% and 43.5% of the patients were malnourished upon admission based on the MST and SGA scores, respectively. Four most common types of cancer among the malnourished patients were nasopharyngeal (NPC), lung, breast and colorectal cancer. About 56.9% and 21.6% of the malnourished patients, according to MST, were at Stage 4 and Stage 3 cancer, respectively. Meanwhile 69.7% of the malnourished respondents, based on SGA, were at Stage 4 cancer. Mean energy intake was 1463±577 kcal and protein intake was 54±22 g proteins.
    Conclusion: Prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalised cancer patients in the NCI was high, depending on age, body mass index (BMI), tumour location and cancer stage. Early identification of malnutrition status is required for proper nutritional intervention.
    Study site: National Cancer Institute (NCI) in Putrajaya, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  3. Fulltext Poultry Meat Quality in Relation to Muscle Growth and Muscle Fiber Characteristics
    Ismail I, Joo ST
    Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour, 2017;37(6):873-883.
    PMID: 29725209 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2017.37.6.87
    Variations in the definition of poultry meat quality exist because the quality traits are not solely based on intrinsic and extrinsic factors but also consumers' preference. Appearance quality traits (AQT), eating quality traits (EQT), and reliance quality traits (RQT) are the major factors focused by the consumer before buying good quality of poultry meat. AQT and EQT of poultry meat are controlled by physical and biochemical characteristics of muscle fibers which can be categorized into a total number of fibers (TNF), cross-sectional area of fibers (CSAF), and fiber type composition (FTC). In poultry meat, it has been shown that muscle fiber properties play a key role in meat quality because numerous studies have reported the relationships between quality traits and fiber characteristics. Despite intensive research has been carried out to manipulate the muscle fiber to improve poultry meat quality, demand in a rapid growth of poultry muscle has correlated to the deterioration in the meat quality. The present paper reviews the definition of poultry meat quality, meat quality traits, and variations of meat quality. Also, this review presents recent knowledge underlying the relationship between poultry meat quality traits and muscle fiber characteristics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  4. Fulltext The Malay version of the mental health knowledge schedule: a preliminary study
    Pheh. K.S., Anna Ong. W.H., Low, S.K., Tan, C.S., Kok, J.K.
    Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2017;26(1):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Background of Study: Mental Health Knowledge Schedule (MAKS) is an instrument to assess knowledge about mental health issues commonly used in English-speaking countries.
    Objectives: The present study translated the MAKS into Malay language (MAKS-M) and investigate its reliability in the Malaysian context among secondary school teachers.
    Methods: A total of 77 secondary school teachers answered the back-translated MAKS-M before and after attending a mental health literacy program. Cronbach’s alpha and
    Lin’s concordance statistics of the data were computed.
    Results: Test-retest reliability was below the satisfactory level. Specifically, internal consistency was low for Time 1 but improvement was observed in Time 2.
    Conclusion: The findings suggest that fundamental knowledge about mental health may be required for individuals to understand the items. Recommendations were provided for future studies to explore the usability of the MAKS-M.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  5. Fulltext Sleep quality among pre-clinical medical students in Universiti Putra Malaysia and Universiti Malaya, Malaysia
    Ngu ST, Masalamany K, Abd Manan N, Adam SK
    Education in Medicine Journal, 2017;9(3):23-31.
    MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/eimj2017.9.3.3
    Introduction: Poor sleep quality among university students has become an important issue to be concerned as it can hugely influence the students especially on their academic performance. However, there are inadequate studies published on the sleep quality of medical students in Malaysia.
    Objective: This study aimed at determining the sleep quality of pre-clinical medical students in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) and Universiti Malaya (UM). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that used self-administered questionnaire to collect data from the pre-clinical medical students
    of UPM and UM. Sleep quality of the students was measured using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. All data were analysed by SPSS version 21.
    Results: Findings revealed that 63.9% respondents with poor sleep quality (PSQI score: more than 5). The prevalence of poor sleepers
    in UM (67%) was slightly higher compared to UPM (60.9%). However, the comparison of PSQI score showed no significant difference between UPM and UM respondents (p = 0.082). Meanwhile, the average sleep duration per night among respondents was 5 hours 39 minutes (± 1.21 hrs), whereas
    only 6.1% students practiced recommended sleep value per night (> 7 hrs). Significant association was found between caffeine intake and sleep quality. Besides, this present study showed no association between sleep quality with gender and year of study.
    Conclusion: Majority of the pre-clinical students in UPM and UM had poor sleep quality and short sleep duration. Only a small number of students practiced recommended sleep value per night.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  6. Fulltext Gender differences in work-family balance factors
    Chai, Sian Yi, Zaiton Hassan, Abang Ekhsan Abang Othman
    Journal of Cognitive Sciences & Human Development, 2015;1(1):34-45.
    MyJurnal
    Influx of women in the paid labor force had been identified as one of the important factors in raising awareness about work-family balance in organizations in developed countries in the west. The same phenomenon also occurs in Malaysia. Malaysia is considered as having traditional gender role ideology, whereby men and women have separate role in the workplace and in the family. Specifically, this study aims to identify whether there are differences in perception between men and women in public sector towards factors associated with work-life balance. Work-life balance factors examined in this study are work demands, supervisor support, organization’s family-friendly policies, family demands, work-family conflict (WFC) and family-work conflict (FWC). Sixty questionnaires were administered to employees in a government health training institution in Sarawak, Malaysia. Data were analyzed using SPPS version 17 and independent t-Test was employed in testing the hypotheses. The study found that men and women are significantly different in terms of supervisor support, work-family conflict and family demands. However, there was no significant difference between men and women employees with regard to work demands, family-work conflict and utilization of family-friendly policies. In line with previous Western findings, women experienced higher level of work to family conflict (WFC) than men employees. In addition, women also reported higher family demands than men. These findings strengthened the traditional gender role ideology ascribed by majority of Malaysians and lend support to the gender role theory. Therefore, the organization could provide relevant training, such as, time and stress management. Supervisors could be trained to be more aware of work-family balance issues faced by their employees and assist them accordingly.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  7. Fulltext Anti-citrullinated cyclic peptide antibody and functional disability are associated with poor sleep quality in rheumatoid arthritis
    Rajalingam S, Sakthiswary R, Hussein H
    Arch Rheumatol, 2017 Mar;32(1):15-20.
    PMID: 30375543 DOI: 10.5606/ArchRheumatol.2017.5960
    Objectives: This study aims to determine the predictors of poor sleep quality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

    Patients and methods: This was a monocentric, cross sectional, case-control study which was conducted at the Putrajaya Hospital, Malaysia. We recruited 46 patients with RA (3 males; 43 females; mean age 48.15±14.96) and 46 age and sex-matched healthy controls (3 males; 43 females; mean age 47.11±12.22). RA patients were assessed for their disease activity based on disease activity score in 28 joints, disease damage based on radiographic erosions, and functional status based on Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores were determined by interviewing all the subjects. Subjects with RA were further subdivided based on their PSQI scores as "good sleepers" with PSQI scores of <5 and "poor sleepers" with PSQI scores of ≥5.

    Results: The percentage of poor sleepers was significantly higher among RA patients (47.83% versus 9.57%). Median scores of 5 out of 7 components of the PSQI were higher among RA patients compared to controls. Among poor sleepers with RA, a significantly higher proportion tested positive for anti-citrullinated cyclic peptide autoantibodies (p=0.037). Besides, poor sleepers had significantly higher median Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (p=0.017) than good sleepers. However, both Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (p=0.968) and anti-citrullinated cyclic peptide (p=0.431) were insignificant when entered in the equation of a logistic regression model.

    Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate a link between functional disability, anti-citrullinated cyclic peptide antibodies, and sleep quality in RA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  8. Fulltext Participation of nurses in Continuing Professional Development (CPD) in a private hospital in Melaka, Malaysia
    Siew, Wei Fern, Loh, Cindy Sze Nee
    International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2016;10(3):4-13.
    MyJurnal
    Background: Continuing professional development (CPD) is a primary strategy for nurses to keep abreast with the rapid changes in the health care practices of current times. Evidence has shown that nurses lack the initiative to take up the additional CPD offered by their organisation and have to be persuaded to do so once they have achieved the minimum 25 points of CPD mandated by Malaysia Professional Regulatory Board of Nursing (MNB).
    Objective: To determine the extent to which nurses from a private hospital in Melaka will participate in CPD and the challenges affecting them from participating in CPD
    upon achieving the mandatory CPD points specified by MNB.
    Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive survey. A sample of 188 registered nurses (RNs) from a private hospital in Melaka was recruited via purposive sampling technique to complete a self-reporting questionnaire. The instrument which was adapted and used with permission was pilot-tested for reliability and validated by content experts to ensure its suitability for this local study.
    Results: The survey showed that 82.4% of the registered nurses (RNs) had attained additional CPD points apart from the minimum 25 CPD points stipulated by MNB. The findings on RNs reading journals or engaged in distance learning programmes were not encouraging as the percentages were only 31.4% and the latter, 9%. In-service talks, grand round discussions and online sources of continual nursing education that do not require the RNs to be away from their work duties were the most frequent type of CPD activities participated by the RNs as compared to conferences, workshops, distance learning programmes or post basic courses. The top 3 challenges that affect RNs’ participation in CPD were time constraint (90.4%), work commitments (85.6%) and difficulty in getting nominated (53.7%) to attend the CPD activities of their choice.
    Conclusions: The results of this study highlighted the respondents’ views to the management on the importance to align the approach of sponsoring CPD courses according to the nurses’ needs in order to meet their context of practice. The management also ought to take into consideration the identified challenges encountered by the nurses to participate in CPD upon achieving their mandatory CPD points specified by MNB.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  9. Fulltext Factors associated with Knowledge of Healthy Community, Empowers Nation (KOSPEN) and its implementation among community health volunteers in Kulim district, 2017
    Sondaram NK, Kadir@Shahar H, Abdul Manaf R
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(2):7-16.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The increasing burden of Non-Communicable Diseases and their prevalence has led Ministry of Health (MOH) Malaysia to introduce a community empowerment program “Komuniti Sihat, Perkasa Negara” acronymed as KOSPEN in July 2013. Thirty thousand community health volunteers have been trained nationwide up to May 2015.
    Objective: To identify the factors associated with knowledge on KOSPEN and its implementation among community health volunteers in Kulim District.
    Methods: A cross-sectional study based on simple random sampling was conducted among community health volunteers Kulim District. Volunteers participated in this study were 194. Data collected using self-administered questionnaire. All data collected were analysed using IBM SPSS version 22 involving descriptive and inferential statistics with significance level set at 0.05.
    Results: The study found that level of knowledge on KOSPEN is associated with employment status (p=0.02) and awareness level (p<0.001) among the community health volunteers. The level of implementation is associated with age (p=0.025), education level (p=0.007) and employment status (p=0.017) of the community health volunteers. Employment status (aOR=2.133, 95% CI=1.056-4.306, p=0.035) and awareness level (aOR=6.119, 95% CI=2.701-13.867 p<0.001) were predictors of level of knowledge on KOSPEN. Level of implementation of KOSPEN by the community health volunteers could be predicted by education level (aOR=4.085, 95% CI=1.299-12.851 p=0.016).
    Conclusion: Generally the KOSPEN volunteers had good knowledge on KOSPEN and implementation of KOSPEN program. However, there are still misconceptions among the KOSPEN volunteers regarding their functions and role. Therefore it is important to empower the volunteers with awareness on their roles, functions and good knowledge.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  10. Fulltext Understanding teachers' job satisfaction through work-life balance policies
    Farah Shazlin Johari, Muhammad Ridzuan Ruslani, Nor Maslia Rasli Samudin, Nurhafizah Mohd Zolkapli, Siti Norashikin Basirun
    Journal of Academia Universiti Teknologi MARA Negeri Sembilan, 2018;6(1):112-119.
    MyJurnal
    Work-life balance play an important role in influencing employee’s quality of social and working life together with job satisfaction in the organization. Nowadays, teachers are also included in the context of work-life balance due to academic workload and career issues. In
    this study, researchers aim to explore work-life balance policies that influence teacher’s job satisfaction in selected Malaysia boarding school. Only 56 school teachers were selected to represent as respondents consist of teachers from language, mathematics, science, social science, counselling unit, and vice principals department. The questionnaires were distributed using convenience sampling. The elements of work-life balance policies such as flexibility policies, welfare policies, job design and leave provisions were included in this study to examine potential influence on teacher’s job satisfaction. Based on statistical analysis using SPSS, Pearson Correlation analysis four elements of work-life balance policies indicated positive and significant relationship with job satisfaction, with flexibility policies showed the strongest relationship toward teacher’s job satisfaction. Most of teachers in selected Malaysian boarding school also demonstrated high level of job satisfaction at the workplace.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  11. Fulltext Association of diabetes-related self-care activities with glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes in Pakistan
    Bukhsh A, Khan TM, Nawaz MS, Ahmed HS, Chan KG, Lee LH, et al.
    Patient Prefer Adherence, 2018;12:2377-2385.
    PMID: 30519003 DOI: 10.2147/PPA.S177314
    Objective: Association of various self-care activities on glycemic control of people with diabetes (PWD) in Pakistan is yet to be explored. The current study aimed to evaluate the association of various diabetes-related self-care activities with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and to examine the predictive relationship of patients' demographic variables with their self-care activities.

    Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on adult PWD (N=218) who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus of at least 1 year duration. Self-care activities were examined by using the Urdu version of Diabetes Self-management Questionnaire. Linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the significant predictors for diabetes-related self-care activities and glycemic control.

    Results: Mean age of the patients was 50.77±13.3 years. Poor glycemic control (HbA1c $7%) was observed in majority of the patients (83%). Linear regression analysis revealed that glucose management (β=-0.44; 95% CI -0.438, -0.209; P<0.001) was the strongest predictor for low levels of patients' HbA1c, followed by dietary control (β=-0.19; 95% CI -0.248, -0.018; P=0.024) and physical activity (β=-0.17; 95% CI -0.165, -0.023; P=0.010), respectively. Linear regression analysis showed that use of oral hypoglycemic agents only (β=-0.218; 95% CI -0.956, -0.200; P=0.003) and higher education level (β=0.204; 95% CI 0.138, 0.777; P=0.005) were significant predictors for higher scores of patients' self-care activities.

    Conclusion: The findings support that PWD having better self-reported self-care activities achieve better glycemic control. Patients' self-care activities should be monitored on a regular basis, especially for those who are at risk of poor glycemic control.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  12. Fulltext Minimal Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis (MIPO) Technique Using Anterolateral Approach for Treating Closed Proximal Humerus Fracture
    Ismail H, Boedijono D, Hidayat H, Simbardjo D
    Malays Orthop J, 2012 Mar;6(1):18-24.
    PMID: 25279037 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1203.008
    ABSTRACT: Proximal humerus fracture is the second most common fracture of the upper extremity and presents several unique problems such as anatomical complexity, high risk of avascular necrosis, minimal bone stock for purchase, significant morbidity, and lack of a universally accepted treatment. Recent treatments for proximal humerus fractures include use of minimally invasive plate osteosynthysis (MIPO). The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the outcomes of our less invasive technique using a modified anterolateral approach for treatment of proximal humerus fractures. Ten such operative procedures were performed in patients of varying age and with varied mechanism of injury from 2002-2011. All cases were conducted in an acute setting. There were no cases of infection and the functional outcome scores were good. This approach represents an alternative treatment for closed proximal humerus fracture but more extensive studies are needed.

    KEY WORDS: Proximal humerus fracture, MIPO, less invasive,anterolateral approach.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  13. Fulltext Immunisation status in hospitalised infants: reasons for incomplete immunisation
    Norlijah O, Menon BS, Azlyna Nur Yanty MY, Noranida S
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2005;1(1):51-59.
    Objective: Immunisation is known to be an effective health intervention that protects children from infectious diseases. Of all children, infants are the most vulnerable if they experience a vaccine preventable disease. The aim of the study was to determine the immunisation status of hospitalised infants, to obtain the reasons of incomplete immunisation and to assess carers' knowledge on immunisation.
    Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Institute of Paediatrics at Hospital Kuala Lumpur over a 2-month period from June to August 2001. Data were collected through an interview using a structured questionnaire, with the carer of the infant. Questions pertaining to the immunisation status of the infant, reasons of incomplete immunisation and the carer's knowledge of immunisation were assessed.
    Results: 115 infants were admitted during the study period; however, only 100 carers of the infants were available for an interview. The average age of the infants was 5.7 months. 22% of the infants had incomplete immunisation. 64% of them had missed more than one vaccine. The commonest missed vaccine was the 3'4 dose of diptheria-pertussistetanus (DP1) and polio vaccine. Reasons of incomplete immunisation include misconception on contraindication of immunisation perceived by both parents and health providers, missed appointment and communication breakdown with health facilities regarding appointment dates. The under-immunisation rate in the study population was 22%. The underimmunisation rate in the study population was 22%.
    Conclusion: Health providers and the public need to be educated on the importance of immunisation and the associated valid contraindications.
    Keywords: Infants, carer, under-immunisation, incomplete immunisation
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  14. Fulltext A study on the frequency of iron deficiency and thalassaemia in blood donors at Pusat Darah Negara, Kuala Lumpur
    Lim WC, Hanachi P, Faraizah AK, Norhanim A, Yasmin A, Duraisamy G
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2005;1(1):33-40.
    Objective: This study was done to identify blood donors with thalassaemia and iron deficiency. A cross sectional study was carried out at Pusat Darah Negara (PDN), Kuala Lumpur in November 2003.
    Methods: Full blood counts were done on 242 blood donors (166 males and 76 females) Hb analysis and serum ferritin assay were done for all the samples. The first time donors were used as controls.
    Results: Only 20 (8.3%) donors had MCV <80 fL and MCH <26pg. Six of the 25 donors with iron deficiency had a low MCV <80 fL) and low MCH <26 pg) but all the 8 (40%) donors with thalassaemia or HbE had a low MCV and MCH! The mean ferritin levels were found to be lower among regular blood donors (95.3 ug/L) compared to first time blood donors (116.6 ug/L) but this was not statistically significant. There were 25 donors who were iron deficient: one was a first time donor and 24 were regular donors - 12 (50%) had donated 3 times a year in the last two years. Iron deficiency was seen in 12 Malays, and 9 Chinese, and 4 Indians. 13.3% of the males (22 out of 166 donors) and 4% (3 of 76) of female donors were iron deficient. Thalassaemia and HbE were found in 8 donors. HbE trait was identified in 5 Malay donors. One Malay and 1 Chinese donor had beta-thalassaemia trait. Another Chinese had alpha (a^o) thalassaemia trait. Neither HbE nor thalassaemia were seen in the Indian donors.
    Conclusion: In this study thalassaemia and RbE were seen in 3.3% and iron deficiency in 10.3% of the 242 blood donors at PDN. Iron deficiency was present in 3.2% of the first time donors and 12.8% of the regular donors. Regular donors should have the serum ferritin done for their iron status and if their MCV and MCH are low, Hb analysis for thalassaemia or haemoglobinopathy.
    Keywords: Blood donors, serum ferritin, iron deficiency, haemoglobinopathy
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  15. Fulltext The National Health and Morbidity Survey 2012. Global School-Based Student Health Survey 2012
    ISBN: 978-983-3887-79-8
    Citation: Institute for Public Health (IPH) 2012. The National Health and Morbidity Survey: Malaysia Global School-based Student Health Survey 2012. Kuala Lumpur: Ministry of Health Malaysia.
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/NHMS2012-GlobalSchoolBasedStudentHealthSurvey.pdf

    Study name: Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS); NHMS-2012

    Malaysia School-Based Nutrition Survey 2012
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/NHMS2012-MalaysiaSchoolBasedNutritionSurvey.pdf

    State level reports:
    Johor
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/2012/NHMS2012Johor.pdf
    Kedah
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/2012/NHMS2012Kedah.pdf
    Kelantan
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/2012/NHMS2012Kelantan.pdf
    Kuala Lumpur
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/2012/NHMS2012Kuala%20Lumpur.pdf
    Melaka
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/2012/NHMS2012Melaka.pdf
    Negeri Sembilan
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/2012/NHMS2012NegeriSembilan.pdf
    Pahang
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/2012/NHMS2012Pahang.pdf
    Perak
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/2012/NHMS2012Perak.pdf
    Perlis
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/2012/NHMS2012Perlis.pdf
    Pulau Pinang
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/2012/NHMS2012Penang.pdf
    Putrajaya
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/2012/NHMS2012Putrajaya.pdf
    Sabah & Labuan
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/2012/NHMS2012SabahDanLabuan.pdf
    Sarawak
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/2012/NHMS2012Sarawak.pdf
    Selangor
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/2012/NHMS2012Selangor.pdf
    Terengganu
    http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/2012/NHMS2012Terengganu.pdf

    Website for data: https://www.cdc.gov/gshs/index.htm
    Questionnaire:
    http://www.who.int/chp/gshs/2012_GSHS_Malaysia_Questionnaire.pdf
    Code book:
    http://www.who.int/entity/chp/gshs/2012YSH_Public_Use_Codebook.pdf
    Dataset
    http://www.who.int/entity/chp/gshs/YSH2012_Public_Use_SPSS.zip
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  16. Fulltext Expectations about counselling among Orang Asli students in the Cameron Highlands district
    Kandasamy S, Ahmad JJ
    Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 2011;25:1-5.
    The aim of this study was to examine the expectations about counselling among the Orang Asli students in secondary schools in the Cameron Highlands district of Malaysia. Data was collected using the Expectations about Counselling Questionnaire which was distributed to 436 respondents. The findings showed that the expectations of counselling sessions among the Orang Asli students were high (mean= 4.605, 79%). The counsellor expertise factor was the most dominant (mean=4.84, 69.14 %). It was found that the expectations about counselling among the Orang Asli students were significant between the expectation dimension (personal commitment, facilitative conditions, counsellor expertise, and counsellor nurturance) and the variables of gender, age and client status. There was no significant relationship between their expectations and the religion and residence variables. In conclusion, this study was successful in giving a general picture about the students’ expectations of counselling sessions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  17. Workplace deviant behavior: Does employee psychological job demand and lack of job resources influence employee workplace deviant behavior?
    Ili NN, Omar Z, Ahmad A
    Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 2014;olume 28:39-62.
    Employee deviance has received increasing attention in the past decade. Past research have reported that work environment related factors such as organizational support, supervisory support, role conflict, and job demand were associated with deviant behavior The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between job demand (psychological job demand), and job resources (social support), and employee workplace deviant behavior. This study adopts a cross-sectional correlation study design. A total of 315 employees were selected using cluster sampling technique participated in this study. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire using the drop and collect method. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis (mean, standard deviation, frequency distribution) to describe the demographic profile and study variables. Correlation and regression analysis was performed to test the relationship between psychological job demand, and social support, and employee workplace deviant behaviors. The result revealed that lack of social support has significant positive influence on employee workplace deviant behavior. The findings suggest that lack of job resources such as social support may drive employees to engage in deviant work behavior. However, high job demand experienced by employees does not drive them towards engaging in deviant work behavior.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  18. Evaluation of safety climate differences among employees' demographic variables: a cross-sectional study in two different-sized manufacturing industries in Malaysia
    Saedi AM, Majid AA, Isa Z
    Int J Occup Saf Ergon, 2021 Sep;27(3):714-727.
    PMID: 31131712 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2019.1623454
    Introduction. Demographic information is one of the key parameters that organizations utilize to modify their practices in order to respond to the existing risk within work environments. The present article aims to assess the level of safety climate factors as well as to evaluate the influence of personal factors on safety climate in two different-sized industries. Methods. A total of 216 employees in two large and three small and medium-sized chemical manufacturing industries responded to a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to measure the safety climate level; a two-independent-sample Mann-Whitney U test and a Kruskal-Wallis test were run to compare the difference in safety climate scores among different demographic variables. Results. The lower level of safety climate in small and medium-sized industries revealed lower understanding and performance of management and non-management with regard to safety climate compared to the large industries. Additionally, significant mean differences on some safety climate factors among demographic variables were detected in both sizes of industries, emphasizing the important role of the employees' demographic variables on the plants' safety climate. Conclusion. Improving organization-level and group-level safety climates is recommended to improve employees' level of safety climate and control their personal factors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  19. Prevalence of rubella antibody in nursing staff
    Ilina I, Salleh Y, Dahlan S, Abdul Shukor H
    Family Physician, 1989;1:29-31.
    A serosurvey of rubella antibody among nursing personnel was carried out. 452 blood samples were received from a total staff of 829. 65% was found to be immune by the radial haemolysis method. The highest immune rate was in the intensive care unit followed by maternity, paediatric and gynaecology wards. The lowest rate was in the ophthalmology ward. This study shows that there is lack of compliance among medical personnel and the high immune rate is compatible with the occupational risk of contact with rubella.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
  20. The health of indian estate school children
    Williams CH
    Malayan Medical Journal, 1934;9:154-60.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies
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