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Fulltext Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: a two-year review of cases at the General Hospital Kota Bharu

Hayati IN, Ismail Y, Zurkurnain Y

Med J Malaysia, 1993 Dec;48(4):416-20.
PMID: 8183165

Between January 1990 and December 1991, 100 cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis were identified at the General Hospital Kota Bharu representing 11% of all the newly diagnosed tuberculosis. It was commonest in the third decade of life and the sites involved were the lymph nodes (34%), osteoarticular (14%), miliary (12%) and pleura (10%). Tuberculous lymphadenitis appears to be more common in females and younger patients. Fourteen patients had concurrent active pulmonary tuberculosis and in 36 others the chest X-rays showed satisfactory response to standard chemotherapy. Six patients died and six were lost to follow-up.
Fulltext Optimization of gelatin extraction conditions from Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) skin and its physicochemical characteristics as compared to

Amiza, M.A., Wan Maizatul Shima, W.M., Nor Hayati, I., Nizaha Juhaida, M.

International Food Research Journal, 2015;22(1):213-224.
MyJurnal

This study reported the extraction optimization and characterization of cobia (Rachycentron canadum) skin gelatin. Optimization study was carried out to determine the effect of CH3COOH concentration, skin to water ratio, extraction temperature and extraction time on gelatin yield (GY) and gel strength (GS) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimum conditions were 0.15mol/L for CH3COOH concentration, 82.4oC of extraction temperature, 6 h of extraction time and 1:6 of skin to water ratio, which produced cobia gelatin with GY of 20.10% and GS of 205.6 g. Characteristics of cobia skin gelatin (CG) were then compared to that of commercial bovine gelatin (BG). It was found that the most dominant amino acid in CG was glycine, proline and alanine. There was no difference in foaming and emulsifying properties of CG and BG at 1% concentration, but at 2% and 3% concentration, BG performed better. CG was found to have higher fat binding capacity but lower water holding capacity than BG. Least gelling concentration for CG was recorded at 2% while for BG at 1%. CG and BG had a pI at pH 6.05 and 4.82, respectively. This study shows that cobia skin gelatin has potential as halal alternative to bovine gelatin in food industry.
Fulltext In-patients’ satisfaction in the medical and surgical wards – a comparison between accredited and non accreditated hospital in the state of Selangor

Nor Hayati, I., Azimatun N.A., Rozita H., Sh Ezat, W.A., Rizal, A.M.

Malaysian Journal of Community Health, 2010;16(1):60-68.
MyJurnal

Background : Two of the most common indicators of institutional healthcare quality are Hospital Accreditation Status and Patient Satisfaction. However, the relationship between them is not well understood. In Malaysia, only 20.48% hospitals have been accredited. This is very much less compared to hospitals in America, Europe, Australia and certain Asian countries whereby 90% of their hospitals have already been accredited.
Objective : The objective of this study was to compare the extent to which a patient’s satisfaction is related to hospital accreditation status, to examine the relationship between patient satisfaction and hospital work load and to determine factors that influence patients’ satisfaction.
Methodology : A cross-sectional study was conducted whereby 150 patients from each accredited and non-accredited hospital involved in this study group giving a total of 300 samples. `SERVQUAL’ instrument was used in this study. Patients were interviewed at 2 different times - during admission and upon discharge.
Result : Results showed 34.7% patients were satisfied with services in accredited hospital and 30.6% patients were satisfied with services in non-accredited hospital. `Corporate Culture’ component showed the lowest satisfaction score among the entire dimension in both categories hospitals. Patient satisfaction was noted to be reduced with increase in hospital work load. Other factors which significantly influence patient satisfaction include level of education, employment status and patient income. There was no significant difference in patient satisfaction between accredited and non-accredited hospital in all dimension measured.
Conclusion : Therefore there is no difference of patients’ satisfaction with regards to services provided by accredited and non-accredited hospitals.
Fulltext Red cell immunization in multiply transfused Malay thalassemic patients

Noor Haslina MN, Ariffin N, Illuni Hayati I, Rosline H

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 2006 Sep;37(5):1015-20.
PMID: 17333748

The development of red blood cell (RBC) isoimmunization with alloantibodies and autoantibodies complicate transfusion therapy in multiply transfused thalassemia patients. Thus, the frequency, causes and prevention of these phenomena were studied among these patients. Clinical and serological data from 58 Malay multiply transfused thalassemic patients who sought treatment at Hospital University Sains Malaysia were collected and analyzed prospectively. Blood samples were subjected to standard blood bank procedures to screen for antibody and subsequent antibodies identification. All patients in our hospital received blood matched for only ABO and Rh (D) antigens. There were 46 (79.3%) patients with Hb E/beta thalassemia, 8 (13.8%) with beta thalassemia major, 3 (5.2%) with Hb H Constant Spring and 1 (1.7%) with Hb H disease. Overall, 8.6% of the patients had alloantibodies and 1.7% had autoantibodies. The alloantibodies identified were anti-E, anti-c, anti-K, anti-Jka, anti-N and anti-S. In conclusion, the transfusion of matched blood is essential for chronically multiply transfused patients in order to avoid alloimmunization. Considering the high frequency of anti E at our hospital, it is advisable to genotype patients and match the red cells for E antigens in multiply transfused thalassemia patients.
Fulltext Red cell autoantibodies among thalassaemia patients in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia

Noor Haslina MN, Ariffin N, Illuni Hayati I, Rosline H

Singapore Med J, 2007 Oct;48(10):922-5.
PMID: 17909677

Thalassaemia is one of the major public health problems in Malaysia. Regular monthly blood transfusion remains the main treatment for severe thalassaemia patients. One of the complications of blood transfusion is the formation by the recipients of alloantibodies and autoantibodies against red blood cell (RBC) antigen. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of RBC autoantibodies among multiple-transfused thalassaemic patients in our institution and factors that contribute to its development.
Physical characteristics of modified milkfat in high-melting fat preparation

Nor Hayati I, Aminah A, Mamot S, Nor Aini I, Noor Lida HM

Int J Food Sci Nutr, 2002 Jan;53(1):43-54.
PMID: 11820096

Anhydrous milkfat (AMF) was fractionated to obtain a series of high-melting milkfat fractions (HMF). Solid fat content (SFC) of HMF as determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was in the range 37.6-43.6% and 21.2-27.5% measured at 20 and 30 degrees C, respectively. The HMF have a higher melting characteristic compared to AMF as analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with melting enthalpies of 92.2-105.0 J/g and melting peak temperatures of 39.3-41.5 degrees C. The AMF was also blended with soft palm stearin (SPOs and/or hard palm stearin (HPOs)) according to a three conventional component mixture design which providing suitable formulations for HMF. This represented three selected blends of AMF:SPOs:HPOs at three different proportions (70:15:15, 60:30:10 and 50:45:5), having SFC and DSC melting characteristics of HMF. The study revealed that higher-melting characteristics of AMF could be achieved equally well by using both fractionation and blending techniques.
The differences in development between stunting and normal children at the age of 3-72 months

Primasari EP, Sari DF, Syofiah PN, Muthia G, Hayati II

Med J Malaysia, 2023 Jul;78(4):526-529.
PMID: 37518927

INTRODUCTION: Globally, there were around 22% of children under the age of 5 suffer from stunting. The Asian region contributes around 21.8% of the world's stunting cases. This study aims to looked at the differences in development between stunted and normal children at the age of 3-72 months.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This type of research used an analytic observational approach with a cross-sectional design. The research variables were the child development and stunting. The sample were 130 respondents. Data were analysed with chi-square test.
RESULTS: The results showed that stunted children were 5.525 times more at risk of getting "deviated/doubtful" development screening results than normal children (OR= 5.525; 95% CI= 2.488-12.268; p-value <0.001).
CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that there were developmental differences between stunted children and normal children.
Tradeoffs among yield, cadmium bioavailability, nitrous oxide emission and bacterial community stability: Effects of iron-modified woody peat and nitrification inhibitors on soil-vegetable systems

Cao X, Hu X, Efrizal E, Hayati I, Yang J, Tan C, et al.

J Environ Manage, 2024 Dec;372:123379.
PMID: 39550941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123379

Cadmium (Cd) pollution leads to soil degradation, decreases crop yield and affects human health through the food chain. Iron-modified woody peat (IMP) is an organic passivation material that significantly affects the migration of heavy metals in soil. Nitrification inhibitors are widely used to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This study investigated the effects of the IMP and nitrification inhibitors dicyandiamide (DCD) and 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate on Cd content and form, crop yield, nitrous oxide (N2O) emission and bacterial communities in soil-lettuce systems. The simultaneous additions of IMP and DCD substantially reduced the soil available Cd content by 22.6 % and significantly promoted the lettuce yield by 42.9 %. Lettuce yield was significantly and negatively correlated with soil available Cd (correlation coefficient = -0.52). The simultaneous applications of IMP and nitrification inhibitors stimulated N2O emission risk by enhancing the soil NH4+-N contents and the relative abundances of Firmicutes, which could also decrease soil bacterial community stabilities. Therefore, tradeoffs among yield, Cd bioavailability, N2O emission and bacterial community stability should be comprehensively considered when evaluating the combined performances of IMP and nitrification inhibitors.