Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 47 in total

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  1. Effect of copper addition on grain refinement of austenite in Fe-8wt.%Ni-(0-3)wt.%Cu alloy
    Junaidi Syarif, Zainuddin Sajuri
    Sains Malaysiana, 2010;39.
    The effect of copper addition on martensitic structure and reversion from martensite to austenite behaviours upon heating were investigated to clarify mechanism of grain refinement of austenite in Fe-8wt.%Ni-Cu alloys. Upon water-quenching, the alloys underwent a martensitic transformation that exhibited a typical lath-martensitic structure. It was found that prior-austenite grain and martensite-packet sizes were refined with increasing copper content. The grain refinement was not due to a decrease of grain growth rate of the austenite. However, it was found that nucleation rate of the austenite on reversion was increased by the copper addition. In Fe-8wt.%Ni alloy heated in (austenite+ferrite) region, reversed austenite grains were formed at high angle boundaries such as prior austenite grain boundary and packet boundary. On the other hand, TEM observation of the Fe-8wt.%Ni-3wt.%Cu alloy revealed that fine copper particles precipitated within the martensitic structure and the reversed austenite grains also formed within lath-structures and lath boundary. It means that the copper addition promoted formation of the reversed austenite within martensitic matrix and resulted in the grain refinement of the prior-austenite in Fe-8wt.%Ni-Cu alloy.
  2. Miocene larger benthic foraminifera from the kalumpang formation in Tawau, Sabah
    Junaidi Asis, Basir Jasin
    Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:1397-1405.
    Miocene larger benthic foraminifera have been discovered from a limestone unit of the Kalumpang Formation. The limestone is exposed at the Teck Guan Quarry, Tawau, southeast Sabah. The Kalumpang Formation consists predominantly of interbedded mudstone and sandstone (graywacke), conglomerate, limestone, marl, chert and volcanic rocks. Five limestone samples have been collected and processed for petrographic analysis and identification of larger benthic foraminifera. The limestone is classified as packstone and mudstone. A total of seventeen species of larger benthic foraminifera have been identified. The foraminifera are divided into two assemblages namely Assemblage I and Assemblage II. Assemblage I is characterized by the presence of Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) parva, Operculina sp. and Lepidocyclina (Eulepidina) formosa. This assemblage is an indicative of Aquitanian to Burdigalian in age (Early Miocene). Assembalge II comprises of Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) sumatrensis, Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) angulosa, Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) ferreroi Lepidocyclina sp., Miogypsina sp., Katacycloclypeus annulatus, Katacyloclypeus martini, Cycloclypeus carpenteri, Cycloclypeus indopacificus, Cycloclypeus sp., Flosculinella bontangensis, Operculina complanata, Amphistegina bowdenensis and Amphistegina sp. This assemblage is an indicative of Langhian to Serravallian age (Middle Miocene). The foraminiferal assemblages suggest that the depositional environment was a warm tropical shallow-marine at the fore-reef shelf zone.
  3. Aptian to turonian radiolarians from chert blocks in the Kuamut Melange, Sabah, Malaysia
    Junaidi Asis, Basir Jasin
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42:561-570.
    The Kuamut Melange is located in the Kunak district, south east Sabah. The mélange consists of clasts and blocks of broken Paleogene formations and dismembered ophiolite blocks embedded in shale matrix. Fourteen samples were collected from sections S1 and S2 of the Kuamut Melange. A total of 45 species of radiolarians have been identified and only 36 selected species are used for age determination. Three assemblages (I-III) were identified. Assemblage I consists of dictyomitra
    excellence, Crucella bossoensis, Hiscocapsa asseni, Hexapyramis precedis, Thanarla brouweri, Acanthocircus levis, Obeliscoites vinassai, Stichomitra communis, Staurosphaeretta longispina, Xitus spicularius, Triactoma cellulosa, and dactyliosphaera maxima. This assemblage is marked by the occurrence of Crucella gavalai indicative of Aptian to Albian in age. Assemblage II was characterized by zonal maker Xitus mclaughlini. Other species in this assemblage are Xitus
    spinosus, Stichomitra tosaensis, dictyomitra gracilis, dictyomitra montisserei, Pseudodictyomitra pseudomacrocephala, Pessagnobrachia fabianii, Crucella messinae, Tuguriella pagoda, dictyomitra obesa, Triactoma paronai, Rhopalosyringiumeuganeum, Acanthocircus venetus, Acaeniotyle rebelis, dictyomitra formosa, Pseudodictyomitra tiara and Patellula helios. This assemblage ranges from Albian to Cenomanian. Assemblages III is represented by zonal maker Crucella cachensis and others species in this assemblage are Hemicryptocapsa polyhedra, Eostichomitra bonum, Pseudotheocampe tina, ultranapora cretacea and Alievium superbum. Assemblage III is Turonian in age. The radiolarian assemblages suggest that the age of chert blocks ranges from Aptian to Turonian, Cretaceous. The cherts were originally deposited on an oceanic crust of a marginal basin during Cretaceous and were tectonically deformed to form melange in Miocene time.
  4. Fulltext Problems in housing development plan approval
    Noni Harianti Junaidi, Dani Salleh
    Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2016;1(2):36-44.
    MyJurnal
    The practice of development planning does not empower the local authority to prepare a development
    plan, as planning and development control is under the jurisdiction of the State Planning Authority
    (SPA). Rapid growth in the housing sector shows a positive indicator towards urbanization in Sarawak.
    This study showed that the current centralised process is fair to all parties, for it ensures equilibrium in
    all areas. Beside that, the study also found that there is some confusion in the roles played by the
    involved parties. The study also identified few problems that often occur, among them complicated
    procedures, slow approval process, bureaucracy, and risks in planning and marketing. However, the
    practice of development planning is concerned with aspects quality and quantity so as not to burden the
    purchaser. The state government, through the SPA, controls the price of housing to ensure equilibrium
    and to avoid the occurrence of abandoned housing projects.
  5. The study and manipulation of spermatogonial stem cells using animal models
    Ibtisham F, Awang-Junaidi AH, Honaramooz A
    Cell Tissue Res, 2020 May;380(2):393-414.
    PMID: 32337615 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03212-x
    Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are a rare group of cells in the testis that undergo self-renewal and complex sequences of differentiation to initiate and sustain spermatogenesis, to ensure the continuity of sperm production throughout adulthood. The difficulty of unequivocal identification of SSCs and complexity of replicating their differentiation properties in vitro have prompted the introduction of novel in vivo models such as germ cell transplantation (GCT), testis tissue xenografting (TTX), and testis cell aggregate implantation (TCAI). Owing to these unique animal models, our ability to study and manipulate SSCs has dramatically increased, which complements the availability of other advanced assisted reproductive technologies and various genome editing tools. These animal models can advance our knowledge of SSCs, testis tissue morphogenesis and development, germ-somatic cell interactions, and mechanisms that control spermatogenesis. Equally important, these animal models can have a wide range of experimental and potential clinical applications in fertility preservation of prepubertal cancer patients, and genetic conservation of endangered species. Moreover, these models allow experimentations that are otherwise difficult or impossible to be performed directly in the target species. Examples include proof-of-principle manipulation of germ cells for correction of genetic disorders or investigation of potential toxicants or new drugs on human testis formation or function. The primary focus of this review is to highlight the importance, methodology, current and potential future applications, as well as limitations of using these novel animal models in the study and manipulation of male germline stem cells.
  6. Regeneration of testis tissue after ectopic implantation of porcine testis cell aggregates in mice: improved consistency of outcomes and in situ monitoring
    Awang-Junaidi AH, Singh J, Honaramooz A
    Reprod Fertil Dev, 2020 Mar;32(6):594-609.
    PMID: 32051087 DOI: 10.1071/RD19043
    Ectopic implantation of donor testis cell aggregates in recipient mice results in de novo formation or regeneration of testis tissue and, as such, provides a unique invivo model for the study of testis development. However, currently the results are inconsistent and the efficiency of the model remains low. This study was designed to: (1) examine several factors that can potentially improve the consistency and efficiency of this model and (2) explore the use of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) for the non-invasive invivo evaluation of implants. Testis cell aggregates, containing ~40% gonocytes, from 1-week-old donor piglets were implanted under the back skin of immunodeficient mice through skin incisions using gel matrices or through subcutaneous injection without using gel matrices. The addition of gel matrices led to inconsistent tissue development; gelatin had the greatest development, followed by collagen, whereas agarose resulted in poor development. The results also depended on the implanted cell numbers since implants with 100×106 cells were larger than those with 50×106 cells. The injection approach for cell implantation was less invasive and resulted in more consistent and efficient testis tissue development. UBM provided promising results as a means of non-invasive monitoring of implants.
  7. Fulltext The evaluation of exposure to benzene among children in indoor environments: a review
    Ernie Syazween Junaidi, Juliana Jalaludin, Abdul Rohim Tualeka
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(103):151-155.
    MyJurnal
    Benzene has been measured in indoor environments for many decades and has been identified to cause variety of health effects. Children spend most of their time indoors such as daycare centre, preschool and school, they are more likely to be exposed to indoor air pollutants. This paper was aimed to review the exposure to benzene among children within indoor environments from worldwide studies from 2003 to 2018. Based on 24 papers evaluated, 54% were conducted in primary schools. The highest concentration of benzene was found in preschools in China at 148.0 µg/m3. The benzene levels were found higher in indoors than outdoors for most of the studies. Active sampling techniques were used in 42% of studies that enable the determination of acute health effects on children during short-period of exposure time. Differences in sampling techniques and durations make it hard to compare the outcomes of the studies with health-effect guidelines. This review indicated a diversity of sampling approaches and techniques, pointing to the importance of establishment of standard method for collecting and reporting data.
  8. Fulltext Isolated Small Bowel Perforation Following Blunt Trauma
    G Dhayalan, AH Junaidi, MS Salleh, K Aina
    IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2019;18(101):18-0.
    MyJurnal
    Small bowel perforation is common following blunt abdominal trauma. Intra-abdominal injury with isolated small bowel perforation however, is a rare entity and diagnosis can be ambiguous. Non-isolated small bowel perforation, which carries a higher mortality rate, will be identified early during the assessment of the patient following a blunt abdominal trauma.A case of an isolated small bowel perforation following a road traffic accident is reported. A motorcycle rider, while trying to avoid a car, lost control and skidded into a drain. Upon arrival to the Emergency Department, he was complaining of upperabdominal pain evident by abrasion and bruising of his bilateral hypochondriacs. FAST scan showed free fluid at Morrison’s pouch and a formal abdominal ultrasound confirmed minimal free fluid at Morrison’s pouch. A plain CT abdomen was done and did not show any evidence of solid organ injury but demonstrated pneumoperitoneum. In view of the persistent abdominal tenderness, open fracture of left femur, radius and ulna, and radiological findings, a laparotomy was performed which revealed an isolated 1x1cm small bowel perforation, 60cm from DJ junction with localized faecal contamination. Small bowel repair was done and patient recovered well afterward.Although challenging, due to its detrimental infectious potential, early recognition of small bowel injury is crucial. Isolated small bowel perforation, rarely without associated intra-abdominal injury, requires more investigations, delaying diagnosis to treatment period. CT abdomen has proven to be both specific and sensitive in diagnosing small bowel injuries. Even when physical examination and radiological examinations are minimal, a suspicion of small bowel perforation should be considered as delay in diagnosis eventually increases morbidity and mortality.
  9. Fulltext Palm pressed fibre oil: a new opportunity for premium hardstock?
    Neoh, B.K., Thang, Y.M., Zain, M.Z.M., Junaidi, A.
    International Food Research Journal, 2011;18(2):769-773.
    MyJurnal
    Palm pressed fiber (PPF) is a by-product from oil extraction of oil palm fruits. It has unique characteristics resulting from the combination of palm mesocarp fiber, kernel shell and crushed kernel. The present study on different extraction methods for PPF indicated that conventional hexane cold extraction would be the more preferable method compared to soxhlet and reflux method due to the yield recovered (4.35%) and diacylglycerol (19.93% ± 0.07) obtained. Acylglycerol composition using cold extraction gave high Diaclyglycerol and Triacylglycerol (67.04% ± 0.05) with reasonable amount of Monoaclyglycerol / Free Fatty Acid (13.02% ± 0.02). Lauric acid which was not present in crude palm oil were found to be significant in PPF (5.89 to 9.09%), thus making this oil suitable for application in the food industry in products such as shortening and margarine.
  10. Influence of iron on phase stability and corrosion resistance of Ti-15%Cr alloy
    JUNAIDI SYARIF, EKO KURNIAWAN, ZAINUDDIN SAJURI, MOHD ZAIDI OMAR
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42:1775-1780.
    In this study, the effect of Fe addition on the phase stability and corrosion resistance of Ti-15%Cr alloys was investigated. The alloying phenomenon in the specimens was also investigated to determine the effectiveness of the application of pure metallic powders as raw materials for the powder metallurgy method. Ti-15%Cr-1%Fe alloys exhibited needle-like structures within equiaxed structures, while Ti-15%Cr-5%Fe and Ti-15%Cr-10%Fe alloys only showed equiaxed grains. XRD results showed that the β phase could be stabilized by the addition of 5% or more Fe to the alloy. Although the pure powders were used as raw materials, the designated chemical composition, i.e. Ti-15%Cr-(1~10)%Fe can be achieved during sintering. The alloying phenomenon occurred upon sintering due to the high diffusivity of Cr and Fe within the β Ti matrix. The corrosion resistance of the newly developed Ti-15%Cr alloys was significantly improved compared with a commercial Ti-6%Al-4%V alloy.
  11. Fouling mitigation in humic acid ultrafiltration using polysulfone/SAPO-34 mixed matrix membrane
    Junaidi MU, Leo CP, Kamal SN, Ahmad AL
    Water Sci Technol, 2013;67(9):2102-9.
    PMID: 23656955 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2013.098
    Although ultrafiltration (UF) membranes are applicable in wastewater and water treatment, most UF membranes are hydrophobic and susceptible to severe fouling by natural organic matter. In this work, polysulfone (PSf) membrane was blended with silicaluminophosphate (SAPO) nanoparticles, SAPO-34, to study the effect of SAPO-34 incorporation in humic acid (HA) fouling mitigation. The casting solution was prepared by blending 5-20 wt% of SAPO-34 nanoparticles into the mixture of PSf, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone and polyvinyl alcohol at 75 °C. All membrane samples were then prepared using the phase inversion method. Blending SAPO-34 zeolite into PSf membranes caused augmentation in surface hydrophilicity and pore size, leading to higher water permeation. In the HA filtration test, mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) with SAPO-34 zeolite showed reduced HA fouling initiated from pore blocking. The MMM with 20 wt% SAPO-34 loading exhibited the highest increment of water permeation (83%) and maintained about 75% of permeate flux after 2.5 h. However, the SAPO-34 fillers agglomerated in the PSf matrix and induced macrovoid formation on the membrane surface when excessive zeolite was added.
  12. Long-Term Monitoring of Donor Xenogeneic Testis Tissue Grafts and Cell Implants in Recipient Mice Using Ultrasound Biomicroscopy
    Fayaz MA, Awang-Junaidi AH, Singh J, Honaramooz A
    Ultrasound Med Biol, 2020 11;46(11):3088-3103.
    PMID: 32800471 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.07.010
    Testis tissue xenografting and testis cell aggregate implantation from various donor species into recipient mice are novel models for the study and manipulation of testis formation and function in target species. Thus far, the analysis of such studies has been limited to surgical or post-mortem retrieval of samples. Here we used ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) to monitor the development of neonatal porcine testis grafts and implants in host mice for 24 wk, and to correlate UBM and (immuno)histologic changes. This led to long-term visualization of gradual changes in volume, dimension and structure of grafts and implants; detection of a 4 wk developmental gap between grafts and implants; and revelation of differences in implant development depending on the craniocaudal site of implantation on the back of host mice. Our data support the reliability and precision of UBM for longitudinal study of transplants, which eliminates the need for frequent surgical sampling.
  13. Validation of Ultrasound Biomicroscopy for the Assessment of Xenogeneic Testis Tissue Grafts and Cell Implants in Recipient Mice
    Fayaz MA, Awang-Junaidi AH, Singh J, Honaramooz A
    Andrology, 2020 Feb 06.
    PMID: 32030908 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12771
    BACKGROUND: Subcutaneous grafting/implantation of neonatal testis tissue/cells from diverse donor species into recipient mice can be used as an in vivo model to study testis development, spermatogenesis, and steroidogenesis. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) allows obtaining high definition cross-sectional images of tissues at microscopic resolutions.

    OBJECTIVES: The present study was designed to 1) validate the use of UBM for non-invasive monitoring of grafts/implants over-time, and to 2) correlate UBM findings with the morphological attributes of recovered grafts/implants.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Testis tissue fragments (~14 mm3 , each) and cell aggregates (100×106 cells, each) obtained from 1-wk-old donor piglets (n = 30) were grafted/implanted under the back skin of immunodeficient mice (n = 6) in eight analogous sites per mouse. Three-dimensional transcutaneous Doppler UBM was performed and a randomly-selected graft and its corresponding implant were recovered at 2, 4, 6, and 8 wk.

    RESULTS: Graft/implant weight (p = 0.04) and physical height (p = 0.03) increased over-time. The dynamics of physical length and volume increases over time differed between tissue grafts and cell implants (p = 0.02 and 0.01 for sample type*time interactions, respectively). UBM-estimated volume was correlated with the post-recovery weight and volume of the grafts/implants (r = 0.98 and r = 0.99, respectively; p < 0.001). Pre- and post-recovery length and height of the grafts/implants were positively and strongly correlated (r = 0.50, p = 0.01; r = 0.70, p = 0.001) and so were the areas covered by cordal, non-cordal or fluid-filled cavities between UBM and histology (r = 0.87, p < 0.001).

    DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: UBM findings correlated with physical attributes of the grafts/implants, validating its use as a non-invasive high-fidelity tool to quantify the developmental changes in ectopic testis tissue grafts and cell implants, potentially leading to a reduction in the number of recipient mice needed for similar experiments.

  14. Enhanced modelling and experimental validation of ultra-low pressure reverse osmosis membrane system for treatment of synthetic brackish water
    Norizam SS, Hussain MA, Junaidi MUM
    Water Sci Technol, 2021 Nov;84(10-11):3372-3387.
    PMID: 34850734 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.442
    Water purification from brackish water sources has been acknowledged as one of the most promising ways to produce drinkable water in water-scarce areas. In this study, an ultra-low pressure reverse osmosis (ULPRO) membrane was numerically and experimentally investigated to produce drinking water by the removal of sodium chloride salt which provides further validation of the model from a practical perspective. An enhanced predictive model based on the Donnan-Steric Pore Model with dielectric exclusion (DSPM-DE) incorporating the osmotic effects was formulated in process simulation. The feed pressure and concentration were optimized as input variables and interaction between them was observed, while salt rejection and water recovery rate were taken as response attributes. The results obtained on the ULPRO membrane showed that the performance depends on the charge, steric, and dielectric effects. Furthermore, the enhanced model was validated with the experimental data attained from a laboratory-scale filtration system with good accuracy in the salt rejection and water recovery results. Comparing the enhanced DSPM-DE with the existing solution diffusion model reveals that the enhanced model predicts the membrane performance better and thereby qualifies itself as a reliable model for desalination of brackish water using ULPRO membrane.
  15. Field validation of sensitivity and specificity of rapid test for detection of Brugia malayi infection
    Jamail M, Andrew K, Junaidi D, Krishnan AK, Faizal M, Rahmah N
    Trop Med Int Health, 2005 Jan;10(1):99-104.
    PMID: 15655019
    We conducted a field study of a rapid test (Brugia Rapid) for detection of Brugia malayi infection to validate its sensitivity and specificity under operational conditions. Seven districts in the state of Sarawak, Malaysia, which are endemic for brugian filariasis, were used to determine the test sensitivity. Determination of specificity was performed in another state in Malaysia (Bachok, Kelantan) which is non-endemic for filariasis but endemic for soil-transmitted helminths. In Sarawak both the rapid test and thick blood smear preparation were performed in the field. The rapid test was interpreted on site, whereas blood smears were taken to the district health centres for staining and microscopic examination. Sensitivity of Brugia Rapid dipstick as compared with microscopy of thick blood smears was 87% (20/23; 95% CI: 66.4-97.2) whereas the specificity was 100% (512/512). The lower sensitivity of the test in the field than in laboratory evaluations (> or =95%), was probably due to the small number of microfilaraemic individuals, in addition to difficulties in performing the test in remote villages by field personnel. The overall prevalence of brugian filariasis as determined by the dipstick is 9.4% (95% CI: 8.2-0.5) while that determined by microscopy is 0.90% (95% CI: 0.5-1.3) thus the dipstick detected about 10 times more cases than microscopy. Equal percentages of adults and children were found to be positive by the dipstick whereas microscopy showed that the number of infected children was seven times less than infected adults. The rapid dipstick test was useful as a diagnostic tool for mapping and certification phases of the lymphatic filariasis elimination programme in B. malayi-endemic areas.
  16. Deformation behavior of single-crystal magnesium during Nano-ECAP simulation
    Altoyuri AH, Syarif J, Sajuri Z
    Heliyon, 2022 Dec;8(12):e11837.
    PMID: 36478825 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11837
    Molecular dynamics was applied to simulate ECAP of single-crystal magnesium at room temperature. Four samples with different orientations were processed, and the grain structure, grain fragmentation, slip systems, strain, and twin formation were analyzed. The initial orientation played a substantial role in the strain and deformation experienced by the samples during both stages of deformation. Compressions initially occurred before extrusion, and simple shear occurred in the deformation zone during extrusion. The samples nucleated a { 10 1 ¯ 2 } tension twin during compression, and the tension twin grew to immediately cover the entire sample, effectively changing the orientation of the sample. Additionally, stacking faults acted as a precursor for the { 10 1 ¯ 2 } tension twin. The strain was strongly correlated with the shear factor, that is, a high shear factor resulted in low strain. Moreover, discrepancy occurred between theoretical and actual shear strain due to two factors. First, theoretical shear is considered to be simple shear occurring entirely in the deformation zone; it does not consider the shear strain due to the normal stress in the compression phase. Second, deformation is considered to be homogenous and isotropic, and it does not take into account the initial grain orientation and the anisotropic nature of magnesium.
  17. Fulltext Distribution of metals in coastal sediment from northwest sabah, Malaysia
    Ling SY, Asis J, Musta B
    Heliyon, 2023 Feb;9(2):e13271.
    PMID: 36755600 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13271
    The type of minerals in sediments control the geochemical distribution of metals which serve as an indicator of the pollution status to the marine environment. The type of minerals was determined from X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) which shows the dominance of carbonate (calcite, aragonite, dolomite), silicate (quartz) and minor clay (illite, kaolinite) minerals. The elemental concentrations were also determined using the Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP-OES) analysis that shows the major elements Ca > Fe > Mg > Al > Mn for all locations, whereas the heavy metals differ as Ni > Cr > Zn > Co > Pb, Cr > Ni > Zn > Pb > Co and Zn > Pb > Cr > Ni, respectively. The correlation between the major elements and heavy metals were also performed using the Pearson Correlation analysis via IBM SPSS which showed the positive Al-Fe-Mn correlation with the heavy metals but negative correlation with Ca. The correlations between the elements were influenced by the adsorption and precipitation of the major minerals in the sediment. The objective of this study is to determine the geochemical distribution of metals due to the influence of minerals in the coastal sediment of Kota Belud, Kudat and Mantanani Island. Therefore, this study could serve as a geochemical baseline data to understand the abundance of metals from the coastal region of northwest Sabah, Malaysia.
  18. Prevalence and risk factors for infection with Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/ moshkovskii complex in people living in the slightest and outermost islands of Indonesia
    Junaidi -, Asmaruddin MS, Kurrohman T, Nurdin -, Khazanah W
    Trop Biomed, 2023 Jun 01;40(2):160-164.
    PMID: 37650401 DOI: 10.47665/tb.40.2.005
    Entamoeba histolytica (E. histolytica), the causative agent of amoebiasis, is still a global public health problem that cannot be controlled, especially in tropical and subtropical countries. This study was conducted to obtain information about the incidence of Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/ moshkovskii complex infection and the factors that influence it. The prevalence of infection with the Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii complex and the factors that influence it in people living on the smallest and outermost island of Indonesia, Sabang Island, Aceh Province. This study involved 335 respondents aged >= 10 years. Respondents were selected by non-probability sampling technique. Interviews and observations were conducted to identify risk factors. The Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/ moshkovskii complex was identified by direct examination, concentration, and Whitley's trichrome staining techniques. A Chi-Square test was performed to analyze the correlation of risk factors with the incidence of infection. The prevalence of infection with the Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/ moshkovskii complex in the people of Sabang Island was 26.6% (89/335). Source and adequacy of clean water correlated with the incidence of Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii complex infection. Demographic variables are not correlated with the incidence of infection. However, the group of women aged > 61 years, unemployed, unmarried, and earning less than the regional minimum wage tend to be more likely to be found with Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii complex infections. Thus it can be concluded that the prevalence of infection with the Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii complex on Sabang Island is in the high category. The prevalence of E. histolytica as the causative agent of amoebiasis cannot be explained with certainty because the two identical non-pathogenic Entamoeba species cannot be distinguished by microscopic identification. Sources and adequacy of clean water correlate with the incidence of Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii complex infection in the people of Sabang Island.
  19. Fulltext Arduino based quadcopter with monitoring camera
    Saud, Safaa Najah, M. A. Mohamed Nazar, R. Junaidi Daud, Hasni Abdullah
    Journal of Management & Science, 2018;16(1):76-85.
    MyJurnal
    This project focused on develops and modify a remotely operated Quadcopter system with a first person view camera. These Quadcopter is controlled through a 2.5 GHz remote control system. Communication between remote controller and Quadcopter is done by using wireless communication system. The balancing system of the Quadcopter is controlled by a gyro sensor attached with the main board. For a damage less landing and a smooth takeoff the quadcopter has a 12 cm long landing gears. The camera has been attached under the quadcopter for a better view and it uses Wi-Fi communication method to stream the video to the laptop. The main also contains a GPS module and a light sensor which can help to locate the quadcopter in case of any lost and the light sensor is attached if the quadcopter enter dark zone so the pilot can spot the quadcopter with the automatic light. Output from Arduino Uno board used to control quadcopter propellers the sensors and the communication. The output sensor data is been monitored by a GUI (Android application) and the communication between the sensors and the application made using Bluetooth module.
  20. Alloying behaviour and microstructural changes of a ti-10%mo-10%cr alloy on sintering process
    Eko Kurniawan, Tubagus N. Rohmannudin, Mohamad Rasidi Rasani, Zainuddin Sajuri, Junaidi Syarif
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:811-817.
    This study aimed to investigate the effects of element diffusion on the alloying behaviour and microstructure of a Ti-10%Mo10%Cr
    alloy during sintering and furnace cooling. A theoretical calculation of the average diffusion distance for each
    element was performed to predict the alloying behaviour during sintering and furnace cooling. The Ti-10%Mo-10%Cr
    alloy was fabricated using a blended element powder metallurgy approach. Micrograph of the samples after sintering
    showed bright-circle structures and significantly decreased equiaxed structures. The number of plate-like structures
    increased with prolonged sintering time. Microstructural changes occurred because of element diffusion resulting from
    the prolonged sintering time. Moreover, the diffusion distance of each element also increased with prolonged sintering
    time. Although elements can sufficiently diffuse during both sintering and furnace cooling, the diffusion distance during
    sintering was considerably higher than that during furnace cooling for all elements. The diffusion distances of Cr and
    Mo were the highest and lowest, respectively, during sintering and furnace cooling. This study showed that alloying
    behaviour mostly occurred during sintering and was controlled by the diffusion of Mo atoms.
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