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Estimates of mineral intakes using food composition tables vs measures by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry: Part 1. calcium, phosphorus and iron

Zhang ZW, Shimbo S, Miyake K, Watanabe T, Nakatsuka H, Matsuda-Inoguchi N, et al.

Eur J Clin Nutr, 1999 Mar;53(3):226-32.
PMID: 10201805

To examine the accuracy of food composition table (FCT)-based estimation of dietary nutrient element intake in reference to the instrumental measurement by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
Estimates of mineral intakes using food composition tables vs measures by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry: Part 2: sodium, potassium, magnesium, copper, zinc

Shimbo S, Zhang ZW, Miyake K, Watanabe T, Nakatsuka H, Matsuda-Inoguchi N, et al.

Eur J Clin Nutr, 1999 Mar;53(3):233-8.
PMID: 10201806

To examine the accuracy of food composition table (FCT)-based estimation of dietary nutrient element intake in reference to the instrumental measurement by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), as an extension of the first part of this study.
Nutritional characteristics of the leaves of native plants growing in adverse soils of humid tropical lowlands

Osaki M, Watanabe T, Ishizawa T, Nilnond C, Nuyim T, Shinano T, et al.

Plant Foods Hum Nutr, 2003;58(2):93-115.
PMID: 12906350

Acid sulfate, peat, sandy podzolic, and saline soils are widely distributed in the lowlands of Thailand and Malaysia. The nutrient concentrations in the leaves of plants grown in these type of soils were studied with the aim of developing a nutritional strategy for adapting to such problem soils. In sago and oil palms that were well-adapted to peat soil, the N, P, and K concentrations were the same in the mature leaves, while the Ca, Mg, Na, and Fe concentrations were higher in the mature leaves of the oil palm than of the sago palm. Melastoma malabathricum and Melaleuca cajuputi plants that were well-adapted to low pH soils, peat. and acid sulfate soils were also studied. It was observed that a high amount of Al accumulated in the M. marabathricum leaves, while Al did not accumulate in M. cajuputi leaves. M. cajuputi plants accumulated large amounts of Na in their leaves or stems regardless of the exchangeable Na concentration in the soil, while M. malabathricum that was growing in saline-affected soils excluded Na. Positive relationships between macronutrients were recognized between P and N, between K and N, and between P and K. Al showed antagonistic relationships with P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Na. Na also showed antagonistic relationships with P, K, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Al. Fe showed weak antagonistic relationships with Zn, Mn, Cu, and Al.
Non-occupational exposure of Malay women in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, to cadmium and lead

Moon CS, Zhang ZW, Watanabe T, Shimbo S, Ismail NH, Hashim JH, et al.

Biomarkers, 1996;1(2):81-5.
PMID: 23888917 DOI: 10.3109/13547509609088674

Abstract Peripheral blood and 24-h total food duplicate samples were obtained from 49 adult Malay women in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in July, 1995. Samples of boiled and uncooked (raw) rice were also collected from the subjects. The blood samples, homogenates of each food duplicates and rice samples (both cooked and raw) were digested by heating in the presence of mineral acids, and the digests were subjected to analysis for cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) with a system composed of a fully automated liquid sampler, a graphiie furnace atomic absorption spectrometer and a data processor. The geometric mean metal concentrations in blood were 0.71 ng Cd per ml and 45.6 ng Pb per ml, and the dietary metal intakes were 7.31 μg Cd per day and 10.1 μg Pb per day. The metal intake via rice accounted for 53% and 13% of total dietary intake of cadmium and lead, respectively. When the absorption from the air and foods was compared, the cadmium burden came almost exclusively from foods, whereas the lead burden came both from air (44%) and foods (56%).
Electrochemical Long Period Fiber Grating Sensing for Electroactive Species

Okazaki T, Orii T, Tan SY, Watanabe T, Taguchi A, Rahman FA, et al.

Anal Chem, 2020 07 21;92(14):9714-9721.
PMID: 32551577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01062

We present an electrochemical long period fiber grating (LPFG) sensor for electroactive species with an optically transparent electrode. The sensor was fabricated by coating indium tin oxide onto the surface of LPFG using a polygonal barrel-sputtering method. LPFG was produced by an electric arc-induced technique. The sensing is based on change in the detection of electron density on the electrode surface during potential application and its reduction by electrochemical redox of analytes. Four typical electroactive species of methylene blue, hexaammineruthenium(III), ferrocyanide, and ferrocenedimethanol were used to investigate the sensor performance. The concentrations of analytes were determined by the modulation of the potential as the change in transmittance around the resonance band of LPFG. The sensitivity of the sensor, particularly to methylene blue, was high, and the sensor responded to a wide concentration range of 0.001 mM to 1 mM.
Structures and Antimutagenic Effects of Onoceranoid-Type Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Lansium domesticum

Matsumoto T, Kitagawa T, Teo S, Anai Y, Ikeda R, Imahori D, et al.

J Nat Prod, 2018 10 26;81(10):2187-2194.
PMID: 30335380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00341

A methanol extract of the dried leaves of Lansium domesticum showed antimutagenic effects against 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5 H-pyrido[4,3- b]indole (Trp-P-1) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5- bI]pyridine (PhIP) using the Ames assay. Nine new onoceranoid-type triterpenoids, lansium acids I-IX (1-9), and nine known compounds (10-16) were isolated from the extract. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence. The absolute stereostructures of the new compounds were determined via their electronic circular dichroism spectra. Several isolated onoceranoid-type triterpeneoids showed antimutagenic effects in an in vitro Ames assay. Moreover, oral intake of a major constituent, lansionic acid (10), showed antimutagenic effects against PhIP in an in vivo micronucleus test.
Structures of triterpenoids from the leaves of Lansium domesticum

Matsumoto T, Kitagawa T, Ohta T, Yoshida T, Imahori D, Teo S, et al.

J Nat Med, 2019 Sep;73(4):727-734.
PMID: 31104253 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-019-01319-2

From the methanolic extract of the leaves of Lansium domesticum, three new onoceranoid-type triterpenoids, lansium acids X-XII and a new cycloartane-type triterpene, lansium acid XIII, were isolated. The chemical structures of the isolated new compounds were elucidated on the basis of chemical/physicochemical evidence. For new onoceranoid-type triterpenoids, the absolute configurations were established by comparison of experimental and predicted electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. The isolated onoceranoid-type triterpenoids showed antimutagenic effects in the Ames assay against 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1).
Nutritional evaluation of working Malay women in Kuala Lumpur as studied by total food duplicate method

Shimbo S, Moon CS, Zhang ZW, Watanabe T, Ismail NH, Ali RM, et al.

Tohoku J Exp Med, 1996 Oct;180(2):99-114.
PMID: 9111760

Nutrient intake was surveyed by the total food duplicate method in 49 adult ethnically Malay women (at the ages of 18 to 47 years and mostly at 30-39 years) working in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Simultaneously, hematological examinations, serum biochemistry, anthropometry and clinical examination were conducted. Nutrient intakes were estimated in reference to the weight of each food item and the standard food composition tables. Lunch was the most substantial meal of the day with rice as a staple food. Compared with the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) values, daily intakes of energy (1,917 kcal as an arithmetic mean), protein (62.2 g), vitamin B1 (0.83 mg) and vitamin B2 (1.18 mg) were sufficient, but intakes of minerals [i.e., calcium (347.8 mg) and iron (12.5 mg)] and some vitamins [i.e., vitamin A (equivalent to 627 micrograms retinol) and niacin (7.84 mg)] were less than RDA. When evaluated on an individual basis, the prevalence of those who took less than 80% RDA was highest for iron (92%), followed by niacin (80%), calcium (57%) and vitamin A (57%). The presence of 7 hypohemoglobinemia cases may be related to the insufficient iron intake. Overweight cases (14 women) were also detected, the prevalence of which increased at advanced ages. Lipid intake was rather high (28% of total food on energy basis), for which the major source was plants with limited contribution from fish/shellfish.
Ultrasound Imaging for the Evaluation of Anterior Talofibular Ligament Remnants in 547 Ankles With Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability

Takao M, Iwashita K, Miura T, Sivasamy P, Inagawa M, Watanabe T, et al.

Foot Ankle Int, 2024 Nov 08.
PMID: 39513689 DOI: 10.1177/10711007241284016

BACKGROUND: There are few reports on the intra- and interobserver agreement and parameters for the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound (US) imaging for chronic lateral ankle instability (LAI). The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of US imaging for identifying anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) remnants in patients with LAI.
METHODS: A total of 547 ankles from 406 patients underwent surgery for LAI between 2019 and 2022. If ligament fibers remained in US images, they were evaluated as positive. If the ligament was not visualized, it was evaluated as negative. Two observers performed repeated measurements. Arthroscopic findings were considered the "gold standard" for validity and diagnostic test accuracy purposes. The intra- and interobserver agreements and parameters for diagnostic accuracy, including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of preoperative US imaging as intraoperative arthroscopic findings were used as reference standards.
RESULTS: The intraobserver agreement was substantial, with an agreement of 98.54% and a kappa coefficient of 0.76. The interobserver agreement was also substantial, with an agreement of 98.72% and a kappa coefficient of 0.75. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of preoperative US imaging were 98.7%, 100%, and 98.7%, respectively. The PPV and NPV of US imaging were 100% and 61.1%, respectively. In the arthroscopic evaluation of the 7 cases in which US imaging showed false negative results, the ATFL ruptured at the fibular attachment and ran in contact with the talus.
CONCLUSION: A US examination finding of an intact ATFL is highly likely to be correct. An US examination finding of a ruptured ATFL can be false and may require arthroscopic confirmation.
Fulltext Role of exosomes as a proinflammatory mediator in the development of EBV-associated lymphoma

Higuchi H, Yamakawa N, Imadome KI, Yahata T, Kotaki R, Ogata J, et al.

Blood, 2018 06 07;131(23):2552-2567.
PMID: 29685921 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-07-794529

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes various diseases in the elderly, including B-cell lymphoma such as Hodgkin's lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Here, we show that EBV acts in trans on noninfected macrophages in the tumor through exosome secretion and augments the development of lymphomas. In a humanized mouse model, the different formation of lymphoproliferative disease (LPD) between 2 EBV strains (Akata and B95-8) was evident. Furthermore, injection of Akata-derived exosomes affected LPD severity, possibly through the regulation of macrophage phenotype in vivo. Exosomes collected from Akata-lymphoblastoid cell lines reportedly contain EBV-derived noncoding RNAs such as BamHI fragment A rightward transcript (BART) micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and EBV-encoded RNA. We focused on the exosome-mediated delivery of BART miRNAs. In vitro, BART miRNAs could induce the immune regulatory phenotype in macrophages characterized by the gene expressions of interleukin 10, tumor necrosis factor-α, and arginase 1, suggesting the immune regulatory role of BART miRNAs. The expression level of an EBV-encoded miRNA was strongly linked to the clinical outcomes in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. These results implicate BART miRNAs as 1 of the factors regulating the severity of lymphoproliferative disease and as a diagnostic marker for EBV+ B-cell lymphoma.
Fulltext Real-world Effectiveness and Tolerability of Interferon-free Direct-acting Antiviral for 15,849 Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C: A Multinational Cohort Study

Ji F, Tran S, Ogawa E, Huang CF, Suzuki T, Wong YJ, et al.

J Clin Transl Hepatol, 2024 Jul 28;12(7):646-658.
PMID: 38993510 DOI: 10.14218/JCTH.2024.00089

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: As practice patterns and hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes (GT) vary geographically, a global real-world study from both East and West covering all GTs can help inform practice policy toward the 2030 HCV elimination goal. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of DAA treatment in routine clinical practice in a multinational cohort for patients infected with all HCV GTs, focusing on GT3 and GT6.
METHODS: We analyzed the sustained virological response (SVR12) of 15,849 chronic hepatitis C patients from 39 Real-World Evidence from the Asia Liver Consortium for HCV clinical sites in Asia Pacific, North America, and Europe between 07/01/2014-07/01/2021.
RESULTS: The mean age was 62±13 years, with 49.6% male. The demographic breakdown was 91.1% Asian (52.9% Japanese, 25.7% Chinese/Taiwanese, 5.4% Korean, 3.3% Malaysian, and 2.9% Vietnamese), 6.4% White, 1.3% Hispanic/Latino, and 1% Black/African-American. Additionally, 34.8% had cirrhosis, 8.6% had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and 24.9% were treatment-experienced (20.7% with interferon, 4.3% with direct-acting antivirals). The largest group was GT1 (10,246 [64.6%]), followed by GT2 (3,686 [23.2%]), GT3 (1,151 [7.2%]), GT6 (457 [2.8%]), GT4 (47 [0.3%]), GT5 (1 [0.006%]), and untyped GTs (261 [1.6%]). The overall SVR12 was 96.9%, with rates over 95% for GT1/2/3/6 but 91.5% for GT4. SVR12 for GT3 was 95.1% overall, 98.2% for GT3a, and 94.0% for GT3b. SVR12 was 98.3% overall for GT6, lower for patients with cirrhosis and treatment-experienced (TE) (93.8%) but ≥97.5% for treatment-naive patients regardless of cirrhosis status. On multivariable analysis, advanced age, prior treatment failure, cirrhosis, active HCC, and GT3/4 were independent predictors of lower SVR12, while being Asian was a significant predictor of achieving SVR12.
CONCLUSIONS: In this diverse multinational real-world cohort of patients with various GTs, the overall cure rate was 96.9%, despite large numbers of patients with cirrhosis, HCC, TE, and GT3/6. SVR12 for GT3/6 with cirrhosis and TE was lower but still excellent (>91%).