MyMedR

Observations on the problems of HIV infection in Malaysia

Brettle RP

J Infect, 1992 Jan;24(1):101-2.

PMID: 1548408

Matched MeSH terms: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control

[Malaysia: loser in the fight against AIDS]

J Sykepleien, 1994 Feb 15;82(3):36.

PMID: 7946737

Matched MeSH terms: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control*

Malaysia. Malaysia tries to follow Australia's path

Science, 2014 Jul 11;345(6193):164-5.

PMID: 25013064 DOI: 10.1126/science.345.6193.164

Matched MeSH terms: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control

Fulltext Improvements of knowledge and perception towards HIV/AIDS among secondary school students after two hours talk

Jahanfar S, Lim AW, Loh MA, Yeoh AG, Charles A

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Oct;63(4):288-92.

PMID: 19385486 MyJurnal

Malaysia is confronted with an increasing incidence of HIV and AIDS among adolescents and young adults. The effectiveness of various programs offered to school going teenagers is unknown. The objective of this study is to measure the effectiveness of two hours talk on sex education offered by a non governmental organization (NGO) in improving youngsters' knowledge and perception towards HIV and AIDS. A cross sectional study was conducted among the adolescent students from a secondary school in Ipoh, Perak, a province of Malaysia. A total of 182 students participated in the study. A standard questionnaire consisting of demographic data, knowledge and perception towards HIV/ADIS were distributed before (pre-test) and after the intervention (post-test). Performance of participants was compared to establish the effectiveness of the intervention. Our findings suggests that there was a significant increase in participants' knowledge and perception after the intervention (p = 0.000). Knowledge improvement was found in both genders however, improvement in perception was higher among female students. Interestingly, 80% of participants disagree that sexual education will encourage sex among youngsters. NGOs are playing a supplementary role in providing sex education programs in schools. This program although of short duration but it is effective in enhancing adolescence awareness about HIV/AIDS.

Matched MeSH terms: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control*

HIV/AIDS in Malaysia

Ismail R

AIDS, 1998;12 Suppl B:S33-41.

PMID: 9679627

Matched MeSH terms: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control

Asia. Vancouver Conference Review

Brown T

AIDS Care, 1997 Feb;9(1):43-9.

PMID: 9155914

Matched MeSH terms: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control

The HIV/AIDS epidemic country paper: Malaysia

Huang M, Hussein H

AIDS Educ Prev, 2004 Jun;16(3 Suppl A):100-9.

PMID: 15262569

Since the first case of HIV/AIDS was identified in 1986 in Malaysia, the number of infected individuals has increased steadily each year, so that by the end of 2002 the cumulative number of people living with HIV/AIDS was 57,835 (51,256 with HIV and 6,579 with AIDS), with 5,676 AIDS deaths. The epidemic in Malaysia, currently in a concentrated epidemic stage, is primarily fueled by drug use, but there is ample evidence that heterosexual transmission has increased over the last few years. A strategic plan that includes prevention, care, support, and treatment run by both the government and nongovernmental organizations has been in place since the beginning of the epidemic. However, Malaysia will need to take a more pragmatic approach to reduce new infections (which numbered 19 each day in 2002) among the youth on whom the country relies for development. Leaders need to recognize that HIV/AIDS is not just a health issue, but also a socioeconomic concern that can eliminate all the developmental gains achieved over the years. Working together, Malaysians can overcome the epidemic, but there is a need to act quickly and to act in effective ways so that the devastating effects (already evident in the number of AIDS orphans and widows) can be reduced.

Matched MeSH terms: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control

Fulltext Effectiveness of mobile SMS based counselling intervention in improving the knowledge, attitude, and practices of HIV/AIDS patients enrolled in hospitals/NGOs in Terengganu, Malaysia: a mixed mode study protocol

Hossain MM, Min RBM, Muhammad Z, Mani KKC

BMC Public Health, 2020 May 26;20(1):787.

PMID: 32456618 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08910-3

BACKGROUND: HIV/AIDS is one of the most serious problems in many parts of the world, and is a high priority for health managers and decision-makers. The aim of the qualitative part of this study will be to develop a mobile SMS (short messaging services) counselling intervention to prevent HIV/AIDS, while the quantitative part will be to test the effectiveness of a mobile SMS counselling intervention to improve the knowledge, attitude, and practices of patients concerning the prevention of HIV/AIDS.

METHOD: A mixed methods approach will be used. Qualitative part: Design: focus group discussions (FGDs) will be conducted.

SETTING: Hospital/NGOs in Terengganu, Malaysia.

PARTICIPANTS: Three FGDs will be conducted with male and female HIV/AIDS patients, and one group of local community leaders. One FGD will be conducted for each group. Three in-depth interviews (IDIs) will be conducted with patients who had HIV/AIDS, of which one will be female. Quantitative part: Design: a cluster randomized clinical trial with 384 HIV/AIDS patients in Terengganu, Malaysia.

INTERVENTION: Mobile SMS counselling intervention for patients concerning the prevention of HIV/AIDS.

RESULTS: The main outcomes of this study will be the differences in knowledge, attitude, and practices of patients concerning the prevention of HIV/AIDS between the baseline and immediate follow-up after the intervention, and after 3 months.

CONCLUSIONS: The mobile based SMS counselling intervention developed will be effective in improving the knowledge, attitude, and practices of patients concerning HIV/AIDS prevention in Terengganu, Malaysia.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: Thai Clinical Trials Registry, TCTR20200212001; 7/02/2020.

Matched MeSH terms: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control

Migration and AIDS

Wolffers I, Fernandez I

Lancet, 1995 Nov 11;346(8985):1303.

PMID: 7475751

Matched MeSH terms: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control

The impact of religion and cultural values on AIDS education programs in Malaysia and the Philippines

Osteria T, Sullivan G

AIDS Educ Prev, 1991;3(2):133-46.

PMID: 1873137

This paper examines the impact of cultural values and government policies on the content of AIDS educational literature prepared by public health agencies in Malaysia and the Philippines. The literature from these countries, which has been distributed to the public and is intended to inform them of the danger of AIDS, how the HIV is and is not transmitted, and how to avoid infection, is analyzed and evaluated for effectiveness and congruence with the dominant religious tenets and cultural practices in each country, and attitudes to sexual behavior. The paper also describes the response of these countries to the AIDS pandemic, and concludes with suggestions about how this form of AIDS education can be improved.

Matched MeSH terms: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control*

Fulltext A randomised controlled trial of peer-adult-led intervention on improvement of knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of university students regarding HIV/AIDS in Malaysia

Jahanfar S, Lye MS, Rampal L

Singapore Med J, 2009 Feb;50(2):173-80.

PMID: 19296033

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of university students regarding acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
METHODS: A randomised controlled trial of 530 university students was done using peer-adult facilitators. Participants completed a questionnaire before and after the intervention, which was a four-hour group session. A prevention programme was developed by local experts, health educators and peer facilitators. The peer-adult-led programme was designed to provide a conceptual model of HIV risk reduction through information, motivational and behavioural skills, a harm reduction module and health promotion theme.
RESULTS: The main outcome measured was the level of knowledge, attitudes and behaviour scores. The results suggest that relative to the control group, participants in the intervention group had higher levels of knowledge (30.37 vs. 25.40; p-value is 0.001) and a better attitude (12.27 vs. 10.84; p-value is 0.001). However, there was no difference in the behavioural score (9.47 vs. 9.41; p-value is 0.530). The correlation between the level of knowledge and age and the level of education was found in the intervention group, but not in the control group (p-value is 0.01). Attitude and gender were found to be correlated in the intervention group only (p-value is 0.01).
CONCLUSION: Our programme was successful in increasing knowledge and improving attitudes towards AIDS and HIV. However, it did not improve risk-taking behaviour. Peer-adult-led educational programmes for youth using various interactional activities, such as small group discussions, poster activity and empathy exercises, can be successful in changing the prevailing youth perceptions of AIDS and HIV.

Matched MeSH terms: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control*

An assessment of the knowledge, attitudes, and risk perceptions of pharmacy students regarding HIV/AIDS

Ahmed SI, Hassali MA, Aziz NA

Am J Pharm Educ, 2009 Feb 19;73(1):15.

PMID: 19513153

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the level of knowledge, attitudes, and risk perceptions of University Sains Malaysia final-year pharmacy students regarding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunity deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

METHOD: A cross-sectional study among pharmacy students. Data were analyzed with Chi-square to find difference at p value < 0.05.

RESULTS: The majority of students (83.07%) responded showing a difference in gender and race. Students showed low willingness (9.2%) to assist patients and low confidence (36.1%) in their education about HIV/AIDS patients. Students recommended HIV testing for health care professionals (69.4%) and patients (75.9%) before surgical procedures. Students knew little about Post Exposure Prophylaxis (18.5%) or about the time for HIV to develop into AIDS (57.4%). About 40% of students were unaware of the inability of antivirals to treat HIV/AIDS. Students had low awareness for opportunistic infections (18.5%), and low agreement on competency to treat and counsel HIV patients (12.9%).

CONCLUSION: The study highlighted students' misconceptions, negative attitudes, and risk perceptions towards HIV/AIDS.

Matched MeSH terms: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control

The transition to harm reduction: understanding the role of non-governmental organisations in Malaysia

Narayanan S, Vicknasingam B, Robson NM

Int J Drug Policy, 2011 Jul;22(4):311-7.

PMID: 21300533 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2011.01.002

The transition of drug policy from prohibition to harm reduction has never been easy. The deeply entrenched belief in prohibition shared by policy makers and religious leaders provided little room for alternatives, and change came only slowly. The non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in Malaysia played a pivotal role in effecting such a change. Understanding how they did so may be instructive for other similarly placed countries.

Matched MeSH terms: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control

Malaysia and harm reduction: the challenges and responses

Reid G, Kamarulzaman A, Sran SK

Int J Drug Policy, 2007 Mar;18(2):136-40.

PMID: 17689356

In Malaysia the response to illicit drug use has been largely punitive with the current goal of the Malaysian government being to achieve a drug-free society by 2015. This paper outlines the results of a desk-based situation assessment conducted over a 3-week period in 2004. Additional events, examined in 2005, were also included to describe more recent policy developments and examine how these came about. Despite punitive drug policy there has been a substantial rise in the number of drug users in the country. Over two-thirds of HIV/AIDS cases are among injecting drug users (IDUs) and there has been an exponential rise in the number of cases reported. Further, data suggest high risk drug use practices are widespread. Harm reduction initiatives have only recently been introduced in Malaysia. The successful piloting of substitution therapies, in particular methadone and buprenorphine, is cause for genuine hope for the rapid development of such interventions. In 2005 the government announced it will allow methadone maintenance programmes to operate beyond the pilot phase and needle and syringe exchange programmes will be established to serve the needs of IDUs.

Matched MeSH terms: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control

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