Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 107 in total

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  1. A new Indian species of the orb-weaving spider genus Glenognatha Simon, 1887, with a new combination and a new synonymy of Tylorida marmorea (Pocock, 1901) (Araneae, Tetragnathinae)
    Sankaran PM, Caleb JTD, Sebastian PA
    Zootaxa, 2020 Jul 01;4808(1):zootaxa.4808.1.12.
    PMID: 33055998 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4808.1.12
    The spider genus Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Tetragnathidae) currently has 34 nominal species distributed in Afrotropical region, Indo-Malaya, Nearctic, Neotropics, Oceania and Palearctic regions (Cabra-García Brescovit 2016; World Spider Catalog 2020). It has one representative in India: Glenognatha dentata (Zhu Wen, 1978) (World Spider Catalog 2020). The genus Pachygnatha Sundevall, 1823 currently comprises 46 nominal species distributed in Africa, Holarctic, South and South-East Asia (World Spider Catalog 2020). Biswas and Roy (2004) recorded this genus in India, while they described Pachygnatha silentvalliensis Biswas Roy, 2004. The species is known from its original verbal description only since the genitalic illustrations were apparently not published along with the description (Biswas Roy 2004), thus leaving its identity obscured. To redescribe and illustrate this species, we examined its type material and found that Biswas and Roy (2004) had misidentified the species and in fact it belongs to Tylorida Simon, 1894. In this paper, we describe a new Glenognatha species from the southern Western Ghats of India, transfer Dyschiriognatha ganeshi Bodkhe, Manthen Tanikawa, 2014 to Glenognatha and synonymise P. silentvalliensis with Tylorida marmorea (Pocock, 1901).
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia
  2. Gross anatomy and ultrasonographic images of the reproductive system of the Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis)
    Zahari ZZ, Rosnina Y, Wahid H, Jainudeen MR
    Anat Histol Embryol, 2002 Dec;31(6):350-4.
    PMID: 12693754
    The Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) is the smallest of all the rhino species. It is one of the rarest mammals in the world and is in imminent danger of extinction. A study was carried out on seven wild-caught females, three wild-caught males and one captive born female Sumatran rhinoceros at the Sumatran Rhinoceros Breeding Centre in Sungai Dusun, Selangor, Malaysia, beginning 1990. As a result of the paucity of scientific information on the reproductive biology of the Sumatran rhinoceros, this study was conducted to obtain information, which could assist in the captive breeding of this endangered and near extinct species. The anatomy of the reproductive system was based on two post-mortem specimens and transrectal real-time ultrasonography in six adult females. Genitalia of the Sumatran rhinoceros were similar to those of other species of rhinoceroses. The cervix consisted of several folds, the uterus was bicornuate with a short body and prominent horns and the ovaries were completely covered by the fimbriated end of the fallopian tube. The internal genitalia could be imaged by ultrasonography. The testes were located within a pendulous scrotum. Two lateral projections were located at the base of the penis. A well-defined process glandis was present at the tip of the penis. The accessory sex glands and the testes could be imaged by ultrasonography.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia, Female/anatomy & histology*; Genitalia, Female/physiology; Genitalia, Female/ultrasonography; Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology*; Genitalia, Male/physiology; Genitalia, Male/ultrasonography
  3. Fulltext Penetration mechanics of elongated female and male genitalia of earwigs
    Matsumura Y, Kamimura Y, Lee CY, Gorb SN, Rajabi H
    Sci Rep, 2021 04 12;11(1):7920.
    PMID: 33846369 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86864-1
    We unveiled the penile penetration mechanics of two earwig species, Echinosoma horridum, whose intromittent organ, termed virga, is extraordinarily long, and E. denticulatum, whose virga is conversely short. We characterised configuration, geometry, material and bending stiffness for both virga and spermatheca. The short virga of E. denticulatum has a material gradient with the stiffer base, whereas the long virga of E. horridum and the spermathecae of both species are homogeneously sclerotised. The long virga of E. horridum has a lower bending stiffness than the spermatheca. The virga of E. denticulatum is overall less flexible than the spermatheca. We compared our results to a previous study on the penetration mechanics of elongated beetle genitalia. Based on the comparison, we hypothesised that the lower stiffness of the male intromittent organ comparing to the corresponding female structure is a universal prerequisite for the penetration mechanics of the elongated intromittent organ in insects.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia, Female/anatomy & histology; Genitalia, Female/physiology*; Genitalia, Female/ultrastructure; Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology; Genitalia, Male/physiology*; Genitalia, Male/ultrastructure
  4. Hysterectomy in a phenotypic male with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
    Aziz NA, Mohd Ali MH, Ramli R
    BMJ Case Rep, 2022 Feb 08;15(2).
    PMID: 35135794 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-246603
    A young adult patient with 46XX congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) presented with recurrent painful haematuria. CAH was diagnosed at birth following ambiguous genitalia. Hormonal treatment was started, female gender was assigned and feminising genitoplasty was planned, however the patient was lost to follow-up. Gender dysphoria started to occur during childhood which prompted the family to raise the patient as a boy. He eventually identified himself as a male. Examination revealed a male phenotype with severely virilised genitalia. Imaging studies confirmed the presence of uterus with low confluent urogenital sinus. Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed, and the troublesome symptoms were cured.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia; Genitalia, Female
  5. Fulltext Taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus Gastrocentrum Gorham (Coleoptera, Cleridae, Tillinae), with the description of five new species
    Yang G, Yang X, Shi H
    Zookeys, 2020;979:99-132.
    PMID: 33192133 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.979.53765
    The genus Gastrocentrum Gorham, 1876 is revised to include nine species. Five new species are described in this genus: G. magnumsp. nov. (NE India), G. regularesp. nov. (Cameron Highlands, Malaysia), G. xiaodongisp. nov. (Gyirong, Xizang, China), G. zayuensesp. nov. (Zayü, Xizang, China), and G. gaoligongensesp. nov. (Fugong, Yunnan, China). Gastrocentrum nitidum Schenkling, 1916 is transferred to the genus Tillus as a new combination. All the species in this genus are described (except G. brevicolle), and a key is provided for their identification. Illustrations of male genitalia, female reproductive organs, and other important structures are provided. An interspecific phylogeny-estimate of Gastrocentrum is presented based on morphological data, with two main clades recognized: a clade containing G. unicolor and G. laterimaculatum, and a clade containing the remaining six species (the latter a polytomy consisting of G. magnumsp. nov., G. dux, and G. regularesp. nov., and a well-supported sub-clade representing the remaining species). Additionally, the taxonomic and phylogenetic importance of female reproductive organs is discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia; Genitalia, Female; Genitalia, Male
  6. Women and health: female circumcision
    Hosken F
    WIN News, 1978;4(4):39-44.
    PMID: 12335629
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia; Genitalia, Female*
  7. Four new species of Cephennomicrus Reitter (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae) from Malaysia
    Jałoszyński P
    Zootaxa, 2015;3911(2):273-9.
    PMID: 25661611 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3911.2.8
    Four new species of Cephennomicrus are described from Malaysia: C. curvidens sp. n., C. gentingensis sp. n. (both from the Genting Highlands, West Malaysia), C. santubongensis sp. n. and C. muluensis sp. n. (both from Sarawak, East Malaysia). Male genitalia of all new taxa are illustrated and diagnostic characters are discussed. 
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia, Male
  8. A new species and synonymy in Elacatophora (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)
    Jałoszyński P
    Zootaxa, 2015;3915(1):143-6.
    PMID: 25662117 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3915.1.9
    A new species of the Oriental genus Elacatophora, E. euconnoides sp. n., is described from the Cameron Highlands, West Malaysia. Diagnostic characters, including the male genitalia, are illustrated and discussed. A new case of subjective synonymy was discovered: Elacatophora minae (Makhan & Ezzatpanah, 2011) is placed as syn. n. of E. soesilae (Makhan & Ezzatpanah, 2011). 
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia, Male
  9. Five new rotundabaloghiid mites (Acari: Uropodina) from South-East Asia
    Kontschán J, Kiss B
    Zootaxa, 2015;4021(4):515-28.
    PMID: 26624150 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.4.2
    Five new species of the family Rotundabaloghiidae are described from Indonesia and Malaysia. Angulobaloghia pedunculata sp. nov. differs from the other Angulobaloghia Hirschmann, 1979 species in the shape of the genital shield of the female. Rotundabaloghia (Rotundabaloghia) wangi sp. nov. has one pair of short and pilose setae (V8) on the ventral idiosoma, which is unique in the subgenus Rotundabaloghia (Rotundabaloghia) Hirschmann, 1975. Rotundabaloghia (Circobaloghia) javaensis sp. nov. has a small triangular anterior process on genital shield of female, which has not been detected previously in South-East Asian members of this subgenus. The long and thick ventral seta (V4) in Depressorotunda (Depressorotunda) robusta sp. nov. is a character state so far unknown in the subgenus Depressorotunda (Depressorotunda) Kontschán, 2010. Depressorotunda (Depressorotunda) hirca sp. nov. has two apically serrate anterior branches on the margin of the female genital shield.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia; Genitalia, Female
  10. Revision of the Oriental species of Calleida Latreille (sensu lato). Part 1: Introduction, groups of species, and species of six species groups (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Lebiini)
    Casale A, Shi H
    Zootaxa, 2018 Jun 29;4442(1):1-42.
    PMID: 30313981 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.1.1
    This revision focuses on the genus Calleida Latreille, 1824 (in the widest sense) in the Oriental Region, previously treated as genus or subgenus Callidiola Jeannel, 1949. In the present contribution, as first part of a series of revisions of the Asiatic Calleida species, we define nine species groups including all known Asiatic species, based on external features and morphological characters of male and female genitalia. A key for the identification of all nine species groups is provided, along with diagnostic characters, included species, geographical distribution, and brief discussion on monophyly and relationships for each species group. In particular, the present contribution deals with species of six small species groups, including eleven species in total, for which keys to all known species, descriptions, distribution maps, habitus images and genitalia illustrations are provided.Five new species are described: Calleida gressittiana Casale Shi, sp. n. (type locality: Kinabalu, Sabah, Borneo), Calleida puncticollis Shi Casale, sp. n. (type locality: Zigui, Hubei), Calleida jelineki Casale Shi, sp. n. (type locality: Coimbatore, India), Calleida viet Casale Shi, sp. n. (type locality: Vung Tau, Vietnam), Calleida borneensis Shi Casale, sp. n. (type locality: Sabah, Borneo). Lectotypes for five taxa are designated. One synonymy is newly proposed: Calleida lieftincki Louwerens junior synonym of Calleida corporaali Andrewes, syn. nov.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia; Genitalia, Female
  11. Comparative morphology of spermatozoa and reproductive systems of zorapteran species from different world regions (Insecta, Zoraptera)
    Dallai R, Gottardo M, Mercati D, Machida R, Mashimo Y, Matsumura Y, et al.
    Arthropod Struct Dev, 2014 Jul;43(4):371-83.
    PMID: 24657729 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2014.03.001
    The male and female reproductive apparatus of Zorotypus magnicaudelli (Malaysia), Zorotypus huxleyi (Ecuador) and Zorotypus weidneri (Brazil) were examined and documented in detail. The genital apparatus and sperm of the three species show only minor differences. The testes are larger in Z. magnicaudelli. Z. huxleyi lacks the helical appendage in the accessory glands. A long cuticular flagellum is present in Z. magnicaudelli and in the previously studied Zorotypus caudelli like in several other species, whereas it is absent in Z. weidneri, Z. huxleyi, Zorotypus hubbardi, Zorotypus impolitus and Zorotypus guineensis. Characteristic features of the very similar sperm are the presence of: a) two dense arches above the axoneme; b) a 9 + 9+2 axoneme with detached subtubules A and B of doublets 1 and 6; c) the axonemal end degenerating with enlarging accessory tubules; d) accessory tubules with 17 protofilaments; e) three accessory bodies beneath the axoneme; and f) two mitochondrial derivatives of equal shape. The first characteristic (a) is unknown outside of Zoraptera and possibly autapomorphic. The sperm structure differs distinctly in Z. impolitus and Z. hubbardi, which produce giant sperm and possess a huge spermatheca. The presence of the same sperm type in species either provided with a sclerotized coiled flagellum in males or lacking this structure indicates that a different organization of the genital apparatus does not necessarily affect the sperm structure. The flagellum and its pouch has probably evolved within Zoraptera, but it cannot be excluded that it is a groundplan feature and was reduced several times. The fossil evidence and our findings suggest that distinct modifications in the genital apparatus occurred before the fragmentation of the Gondwanan landmass in the middle Cretaceous.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia, Female/anatomy & histology; Genitalia, Female/cytology; Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology; Genitalia, Male/cytology
  12. Gross anatomy and ultrasonographic images of the reproductive system of the Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus)
    Lilia K, Rosnina Y, Abd Wahid H, Zahari ZZ, Abraham M
    Anat Histol Embryol, 2010 Dec;39(6):569-75.
    PMID: 20809915 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2010.01030.x
    The Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus) is the largest among the four tapir species and is listed as an endangered species. Ultrasound examination and description of the external anatomy of the female reproductive system of three adult females were performed, whereas the internal anatomy was investigated in necropsied samples of four adult females and one subadult female. Descriptions of the male external genitalia were conducted on one adult male. Gross examination revealed the presence of a bicornuate uterus. The uterine cervix is firm and muscular with projections towards its lumen, which is also evident on ultrasonography. The elongated and relatively small ovaries, which have a smooth surface, could not be imaged on ultrasonography, due to their anatomical position. The testes are located inside a slightly pendulous scrotum that is sparsely covered with soft, short hairs. The penis has one dorsal and two lateral penile projections just proximal to the glans penis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia, Female/anatomy & histology*; Genitalia, Female/ultrasonography*; Genitalia, Male/anatomy & histology*; Genitalia, Male/ultrasonography*
  13. The blanket method: a novel method of teaching peritoneal relations of female reproductive organs
    Nayak S
    Adv Physiol Educ, 2006 Jun;30(2):95-6.
    PMID: 16709742
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia, Female/anatomy & histology*; Genitalia, Female/physiology*
  14. Fulltext Female genital mutilation
    Ladjali M, Rattray TW, Walder RJ
    BMJ, 1993 Aug 21;307(6902):460.
    PMID: 8400925
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia, Female/injuries; Genitalia, Female/surgery*
  15. Medical dangers of female circumcision
    Mahran M
    IPPF Med Bull, 1981 Apr;15(2):1-3.
    PMID: 12336839
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia; Genitalia, Female*
  16. Fulltext The probable destructive mechanisms behind COVID-19 on male reproduction system and fertility
    Moshrefi M, Ghasemi-Esmailabad S, Ali J, Findikli N, Mangoli E, Khalili MA
    J Assist Reprod Genet, 2021 Jul;38(7):1691-1708.
    PMID: 33977466 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02097-1
    PURPOSE: The present study aims to summarize the current understanding of probable mechanisms and claims of adverse effects of SARS-CoV-2 on male fertility potential.

    METHODS: Our search was including original articles, reviews, guidelines, letters to the editor, comments on guidelines, and editorials, regarding the male reproductive system. We used the words SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, "2019 ncov," testis, sperm, male factor infertility, fertility treatment, semen, assisted reproductive technology (ART), sexual transmission, and ACE2.

    RESULTS: Data showed coronavirus affects men more than women because of more expression of 2019 nCoV receptors (ACE2 and TMPRSS2) in testicular cells. Also, "Bioinformatics Analysis" suggests that sperm production may be damaged, since "Pseudo Time Analysis" has shown disruption in spermatogenesis. "Gene Ontology" (GO) showed an increase in viral reproduction and a decrease in sperm production-related terms. Recently, SARS-COV-2 mRNA and protein were detected in the semen of patients that had recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, the probable disruption of blood-testis barrier (BTB) in febrile diseases is suspected in the acute phase of the disease enabling viral entry into the testes. Not only is spermatogenesis disturbed, but also disturbs gonadotropin, androgens, and testosterone secretion during SARS-CoV-2 infection. No sexual transmission has been reported yet; however, detection of the virus in semen still makes the sexual transmission an open question.

    CONCLUSION: There is a concern that male fertility may be disturbed after the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, follow-up of the reproductive functions and male fertility may be necessary in recovered cases, especially in aged men.

    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia, Male/pathology*; Genitalia, Male/virology
  17. New species and records of linyphiid spiders from Laos (Araneae, Linyphiidae)
    Tanasevitch AV
    Zootaxa, 2014;3841(1):67-89.
    PMID: 25082028 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3841.1.3
    Recent linyphiid collections from Laos as well as some additional specimens from Thailand and West Malaysia are examined. Six species and two genera are described as new to science: Bathyphantes paracymbialis n. sp., Nematogmus asiaticus n. sp., Theoa hamata n. sp.; Asiagone n. gen. is erected for Asiagone signifera n. sp. (type species) and A. perforata n. sp.; Laogone n. gen. is established for Laogone cephala n. sp. The following new synonyms are proposed: Gorbothorax Tanasevitch, 1998 n. syn. = Nasoona Locket, 1982; Paranasoona Heimer, 1984 n. syn. and Millplophrys Platnick, 1998 n. syn. = Atypena Simon, 1894; Gorbothorax ungibbus Tanasevitch, 1998 n. syn. = Oedothorax asocialis Wunderlich, 1974; Hylyphantes birmanicus (Thorell, 1895) n. syn. = H. graminicola (Sundevall, 1830). The following new combinations are proposed: Atypena cirrifrons (Heimer, 1984) n. comb. ex from Paranasoona; A. pallida (Millidge, 1995) and A. crocatoa (Millidge, 1995) both n. comb. ex Millplophrys; Nasoona asocialis (Wunderlich, 1974) n. comb. ex Oedothorax Bertkau, 1883; N. asocialis (Wunderlich, 1974), N. comata (Tanasevitch, 1998), N. conica (Tanasevitch, 1998), N. setifera (Tanasevitch, 1998) and N. wunderlichi (Brignoli, 1983), all n. comb. ex Gorbothorax. Eight linyphiid species are newly recorded from Laos: A. cirrifrons (Heimer, 1984), Bathyphantes floralis Tu & Li, 2006, Hylyphantes graminicola (Sundevall, 1830), Nasoona asocialis, N. crucifera (Thorell, 1895), Nasoonaria sinensis Wunderlich & Song, 1995, Neriene birmanica (Thorell, 1887), and N. oxycera Tu & Li, 2006. The linyphiid spider fauna of Laos currently contains 15 species and is unusually highly specific. All species, except the Palearctic H. graminicola, are probably represented by Southeastern Asian or Oriental autochthons. 
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia/anatomy & histology
  18. Three new species of Simulium (Nevermannia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Vietnam
    Takaoka H, Sofian-Azirun M, Ya'cob Z, Chen CD, Lau KW, Pham XD
    Zootaxa, 2014;3866(4):555-71.
    PMID: 25283675 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.6
    Three new species of black flies, Simulium (Nevermannia) langbiangense, S. (N.) phami, and S. (N.) bachmaense, are described on the basis of females, males, pupae and larvae collected in Vietnam. All three species are assigned to the Simulium feuerborni species-group of Simulium (Nevermannia). Simulium (N.) langbiangense sp. nov. is characterized by the female sensory vesicle with a large opening, and a short common basal stalk of the six pupal gill filaments, S. (N.) phami sp. nov. is most striking in having the pupal gill with five filaments, a character not reported in species of the S. feuerborni species-group, and S. (N.) bachmaense sp. nov. is characterized by the female genital fork with a triangular lobe-like projection pointed posteromedially on each arm, and the small larval postgenal cleft. This represents the first record of the S. feuerborni species-group from Vietnam.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia; Genitalia, Female
  19. Fulltext Adverse Effects of Wi-Fi Radiation on Male Reproductive System: A Systematic Review
    Jaffar FHF, Osman K, Ismail NH, Chin KY, Ibrahim SF
    Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 2019 07;248(3):169-179.
    PMID: 31353326 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.248.169
    Extensive use of Wi-Fi has contributed to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) pollution in environment. Various studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of RF-EMR emitted by Wi-Fi transmitter on male reproduction health. However, there are conflicting findings between studies. Thus, this review aims to elucidate the possible effects of 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi exposure on both animal and human male reproductive system. A computerized database search performed through MEDLINE via Ovid and PUBMED with the following set of keywords: 'Wi-Fi or WiFi or wireless fidelity or Wi-Fi router or WiFi router or electromagnetic or radiofrequency radiation' AND 'sperm or spermatozoa or spermatogenesis or semen or seminal plasma or testes or testis or testosterone or male reproduction' had returned 526 articles. Only 17 studies conformed to pre-set inclusion criterion. Additional records identified through Google Scholar and reviewed article further revealed six eligible articles. A total of 23 articles were used for data extraction, including 15 studies on rats, three studies on mice, and five studies on human health. Sperm count, motility and DNA integrity were the most affected parameters when exposed to RF-EMR emitted by Wi-Fi transmitter. Unfortunately, sperm viability and morphology were inconclusive. Structural and/or physiological analyses of the testes showed degenerative changes, reduced testosterone level, increased apoptotic cells, and DNA damage. These effects were mainly due to the elevation of testicular temperature and oxidative stress activity. In conclusion, exposure towards 2.45 GHz RF-EMR emitted by Wi-Fi transmitter is hazardous on the male reproductive system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia, Male/radiation effects*
  20. Scrotal emergencies: An imaging perspective
    Ong CYG, Low HM, Chinchure D
    Med J Malaysia, 2018 12;73(6):445-451.
    PMID: 30647231
    Acute scrotal pain is a common complaint in emergency or primary care practice. A myriad of pathologies need to be considered, and while the clinical history often leads the clinician to the correct diagnosis, radiologists are often called upon to provide further diagnostic information through ultrasonography. Here, we present the sonographic features of various scrotal emergencies, as well as a few pitfalls. Through this, we explore the breadth of urgent pathologies that may be encountered, both traumatic and non-traumatic. For the clinician who performs point-of-care ultrasound, whether in clinic or in the emergency department, we hope that this pictorial article will lay a good foundation for confident and accurate image interpretation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia, Male/injuries
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