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  1. A direct 3H-radioligand assay for serum progesterone compared with an assay involving extraction of serum
    Raman IA, Satgunasingam N
    Malays J Pathol, 1993 Dec;15(2):115-8.
    PMID: 8065171
    The direct assay of serum progesterone after denaturation of the binding proteins was investigated. 50ul of patients' serum was diluted with 750ul phosphate buffer (0.05M, pH 7.4) and heated to 65 degrees C for 20 minutes. After cooling, 300ul of the treated serum was reacted with a rabbit antiserum to progesterone-11 alpha-hemicuccinyl-bovine serum albumin conjugate (Bioclin, U.K) and 1,2,6,7, tritium labelled progesterone. Separation of bound and free fractions was achieved with dextran coated charcoal. The method correlated well (r = 0.98) with an established method involving ether extraction of progesterone prior to assay. The mean sensitivity was 2.01 nmol/L (range 1.90-2.23nmol/L). The proposed method considerably shortens assay time and removes a tedious and imprecise stage in the conventional method involving extraction of serum.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood*
  2. Plasma progesterone changes and length of oestrous cycle in Rusa Deer (Rusa timorensis)
    Mahre MB, Wahid H, Rosnina Y, Jesse FF, Azlan CA, Yap KC
    Anim. Reprod. Sci., 2013 Oct;141(3-4):148-53.
    PMID: 24012278 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.07.012
    A study was conducted to profile the plasma progesterone (P4) concentrations and establish the length of oestrous cycle in the Rusa timorensis during the breeding season. Five healthy hinds were selected for peripheral blood sampling twice weekly to gauge the P4 levels by radioimmunoassay, at the start of the breeding season indicated by rutting behaviours of sexually active males. The hinds were polyestrous as proven by the cyclic trend of P4 levels. After the presumptive oestrus indicated by the lowest P4 concentrations (0.20±0.09ng/ml), this ovarian hormone was markedly elevated on day 7 of the cycle (0.78±0.20ng/ml), reached its peak (2.61±0.23ng/ml, P<0.05) on day 14, and then declined to the basal level in the subsequent oestrus. The mean oestrous cycle length in R. timorensis during the breeding season was 19.2 days with a range of 18-21 days, and the pattern of circulating progesterone during the oestrous cycle of the R. timorensis is similar to those of other deer species. It was also observed that the length of oestrous cycle of R. timorensis determined by gauging the progesterone levels and observation of the oestrous behaviours as well as changes in the cellular pattern of vaginal epithelial cells are highly consistent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood*
  3. Ovarian activity in beef and dairy cows with prolonged postpartum period and heifers that fail to conceive
    Yimer N, Rosnina Y, Wahid H, Saharee AA, Yap KC, Ganesamurthi P
    Trop Anim Health Prod, 2010 Apr;42(4):607-15.
    PMID: 19809886 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-009-9464-y
    The primary objectives of this study were to investigate incidence of abnormal ovarian cyclicity (AOC) and its type in dairy and beef cows with prolonged postpartum period (>90 days) and in heifers that fail to conceive. A total of 53 animals were included in the study: 17 Friesian crosses, 16 Braford crosses, eight Brangus crosses, and 12 local Kedah-Kelantan (KKX) crosses. These animals were initially checked for absence of pregnancy via palpation per rectum. Blood samples for progesterone analysis were obtained twice a week for 2 to 3 months following their spontaneous oestrous cycle, and all animals were rechecked for pregnancy at the end of the study. Progesterone analysis indicated that 33.9% of the total animals were having AOC: 18.9% with cessation of ovarian cyclicity, 9.4% with prolonged luteal phases (PLP), and 5.7% short luteal phases. The highest incidence was observed in Brangus crosses (62.5%), followed by Braford crosses (43.8%), and Friesian crosses (35.3%). In contrast, no AOC was observed in the local KKX breeds, and all of them were found to be pregnant at the end of the study. A significant difference (p < 0.05) in the incidence of AOC and its type was observed between Kedah-Kelantan crosses and the other breeds. Although not significant (p > 0.05), Friesian crosses showed a higher percentage incidence of AOC than beef cows (40% vs 36.4%), with major types being PLP (26.7%) in dairy and cessation of ovarian cycle (27.3%) in beef cows. Compared with beef heifers, beef cows showed a higher percentage of AOC (36.4% vs 28.6%) where again, cessation of cyclicity was the predominant abnormality. In conclusion, AOC reflected by abnormal endocrine pattern is a possible cause of reduction in fertility for dairy and beef cows beyond 90 days postpartum and heifers that fail to conceive.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood
  4. Estrous cycle based on blood progesterone profiles and changes in vulvar appearance of Malayan tapirs (Tapirus indicus)
    Kusuda S, Ikoma M, Morikaku K, Koizumi J, Kawaguchi Y, Kobayashi K, et al.
    J. Reprod. Dev., 2007 Dec;53(6):1283-9.
    PMID: 17965541
    The progesterone (P(4)) profiles and macroscopic vulvar changes of female Malayan tapirs were investigated in order to understand their fundamental reproductive physiology and to search for visual indicators of estrus. Blood was collected once or twice a week from seven female Malayan tapirs kept at four zoos. Serum or plasma P(4) concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. The P(4) concentrations changed cyclically throughout the years, and a total of 56 cycles was confirmed in the seven females. The length of the estrous cycle based on the P(4) profiles was 43.6+/-2.0 days; however, this mean includes great variation in length, from 21 to 84 days. Mucous discharge from the vulva and vulvar swelling were seen when the P(4) concentrations were low before the beginning of a rise in most cases. In conclusion, captive female Malayan tapirs have variations of approximately 1 to 3 months in estrous cycle length, and visual changes in the vulva are helpful in estimating estrus in female Malayan tapirs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood*
  5. Fulltext Reproductive hormonal levels in Malay women with superovulatory cycles
    Nwe HH, Abdul Wadood H, Abdullah RB, Arshad H
    Med J Malaysia, 1990 Sep;45(3):244-50.
    PMID: 2152087
    This paper presents a study of cycles with spontaneous luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in superovulatory Malay women during in vitro fertilization and gamete intrafallopian transfer programmes. Sixteen Malay women underwent ovarian stimulation for ovum pick up at the National Population and Family Development Board, Malaysia. Two cycles showed spontaneous LH surge, and comparisons were made between these two cycles and the cycles without surge. Further observations were made in their characteristics and differences in these two cycles as well as the relationship between progesterone and LH at the time and before the surge.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood
  6. Clinical utility of plasma progesterone and blood and plasma glucose concentrations in predicting parturition in Holstein cows
    Hiew MWH, Megahed AA, Horstman LA, Constable PD
    J Dairy Sci, 2020 Jun;103(6):5575-5590.
    PMID: 32307156 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17800
    An accurate, practical, and low-cost method for predicting parturition is urgently needed in the dairy industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in plasma progesterone concentration ([prog]) and glucose concentration in whole blood ([gluc]b) and plasma ([gluc]p) as predictors of parturition within 6, 12, and 24 h in primiparous and multiparous Holstein cows. Blood samples were obtained daily at approximately 0900 h from 34 primiparous and 72 multiparous Holstein cows in late gestation and the time of calving recorded to the nearest hour. Plasma [prog] was measured using an ELISA, and [gluc]b and [gluc]p using a low-cost point-of-care glucose meter. The optimal cut-point for predicting parturition was determined using binomial logistic regression with general estimating equations, because the data set consisted of repeated measures for each cow. Diagnostic test performance was evaluated by comparing the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calculating the sensitivity, specificity, and κ at the optimal cut-point for predicting parturition. Plasma [prog] was the most accurate predictor of parturition within 24 h (AUC = 0.96) and 12 h (AUC = 0.93), whereas [gluc]b was the most accurate predictor of parturition within 6 h (primiparous, AUC = 0.96; multiparous, AUC = 0.86). We conclude that a decrease in plasma [prog] is currently the most accurate test for predicting calving within 24 h. Measurement of [gluc]b is a promising new test for the cow-side prediction of parturition in dairy cows due to its accuracy, practicality, and low cost.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood*
  7. Monitoring of the oestrous cycle in a captive Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus)
    Schaftenaar W, de Boer AM, Glatston AR
    Vet Rec, 2006 Sep 23;159(13):421-2.
    PMID: 16998001
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood
  8. Fulltext Potential use of single measurement of serum progesterone in detecting early pregnancy failure
    Hanita O, Hanisah AH
    Malays J Pathol, 2012 Jun;34(1):41-6.
    PMID: 22870597 MyJurnal
    Early pregnancy failure is a common pregnancy complication. In clinical practice, the time delay to distinguish viable from nonviable pregnancy is often distressing to patients and doctors. A highly sensitive and specific biomarker that accurately discriminates between viable and nonviable pregnancy would be useful for early intervention. Progesterone has been shown as a biomarker of early pregnancy failure. However the usefulness is still questionable due to the different cutoff values used. A study was conducted to determine the role of progesterone as a marker of early pregnancy failure and to establish the cut-off value in discriminating between viable and nonviable pregnancy. The study was carried out in the Obstetric and Gynecology Patient Admission Centre (OBPAC), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) for a period of twelve months. Ninety-five pregnant women of 13 weeks or less period of amenorrhoea (POA) were recruited. Fourteen normal pregnant women were controls. The patients with early pregnancy failure were classified according to types of abortion. Single measurement of serum progesterone was carried out during admission. The outcome of pregnancy was followed up until 22 weeks of POA to ascertain viability of the fetus. Median progesterone levels were significantly lower in women with nonviable pregnancies compared with viable pregnancy [10.7ng/ml (0.60-49.80) vs. 45.9ng/ml (15.40-127.20) respectively, p<0.001]. Progesterone levels were also significantly lower in threatened abortion patients with outcomes of nonviable pregnancy compared with pregnancies that progressed on to the viability period [23.3 +/- 12.0 vs. 89.7 +/- 33.2 respectively, p<0.001]. At cut-off value of 32.7ng/ ml, progesterone had 90% sensitivity with 75% negative predictive value and 92% specificity with 97% positive predictive value. The area under curve for progesterone was 0.95 (95% Confidence Interval, 0.903-0.990). In conclusion, these findings indicate that serum progesterone can be used as a marker for early pregnancy failure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood*
  9. Fulltext Response of ovary in young women experiencing laparoscopy under general anaesthesia
    Chow WP, Loganath A, Peh KL, Chew PC, Gunasegaram R, Ratnam SS
    Med J Malaysia, 1993 Mar;48(1):56-63.
    PMID: 8341173
    This study investigated whether changes in circulating levels of immunoreactive oestradiol-17 beta (E2), progesterone (P) and testosterone (T) occur in women at follicular (n = 18, age 25 to 39 years) and luteal (n = 17, 25 to 39 years) phases of the normal menstrual cycles, experiencing laparoscopy after intravenous sedation with general anaesthesia. The pre- and intra-operative follicular phase plasma steroid hormone concentrations were 153.5 +/- 84.3 vs 297.4 +/- 220.8 pg/ml for E2, 2.0 +/- 3.2 vs 3.3 +/- 3.8 ng/ml for P and 746.6 +/- 415.9 vs 1325.8 +/- 535.1 pg/ml for T, respectively. The corresponding luteal phase steroid levels were 259.7 +/- 120.2 vs 382.7 +/- 188.7 pg/ml, 7.0 +/- 4.8 vs 9.9 +/- 6.1 ng/ml and 819.4 +/- 355.7 vs 1703.5 +/- 1058.1 pg/ml. Using the Wilcoxon rank sum test, intra-operative hormone levels with the exception of P in the luteal phase were found to be significantly elevated (p < 0.05). The results suggest that laparoscopy under general anaesthesia evokes increased secretion of ovarian hormones, possibly via the activation of hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood*
  10. Reproductive pattern of the sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) in Sarawak, Malaysia
    Onuma M, Suzuki M, Ohtaishi N
    J Vet Med Sci, 2001 Mar;63(3):293-7.
    PMID: 11307930
    Fecal progesterone assays were conducted in 3 captive female sun bears (Helarctos malayanus) segregated from males to characterize the species-specific reproductive pattern in their original distribution area in Sarawak, Malaysia. Peaks of fecal progesterone concentrations were observed once annually, and lactation was observed after increasing progesterone concentrations in all females without mating stimulus. These results suggest that sun bears in Sarawak, Malaysia, may have a seasonal reproductive pattern and ovulation was noted to occur spontaneously, followed by pseudopregnancy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood
  11. Ovalbumin causes impairment of preimplantation embryonic growth in asthma-induced mice
    Wafriy CI, Kamsani YS, Nor-Ashikin MNK, Nasir NAA, Hanafiah M
    J Reprod Immunol, 2021 02;143:103240.
    PMID: 33166807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103240
    Insufficient experimental studies have reported the effect of ovalbumin (OVA) as an allergen towards embryonic growth in asthma mouse model. The impact of 10 μg/200 μL OVA on maternal inflammatory and oxidative stress (OS) responses, and preimplantation embryonic development was investigated in this study. We first established OVA-induced asthma mouse model, and following superovulation, mated the females and challenged them with Methacholine (Mch) test. Upon embryo retrieval, only those with the highest implantation potential were cultured in vitro. Significant reduction in the number of embryos at each preimplantation stage was noted in the treated group. Uneven sized blastomeres at 2-, 4- and 8-cell stages were also evident in this group. Embryo fragmentation was significant at only 2-, 4- and 8-cell stages. We also found that OVA tended to raise maternal inflammatory and OS biomarker levels as well as to cause inappropriate levels of pregnancy hormones progesterone (P4) and estrogen (E2) although insignificant. The combined results indicate that 10 μg/200 μL OVA had altered both quality and quantity of the embryos in asthma mouse model although its effect on pregnancy hormones, inflammatory and OS responses were non-pathological.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood
  12. Trio a novel bovine high-fecundity allele: II. Hormonal profile and follicular dynamics underlying the high ovulation rate
    Garcia-Guerra A, Kamalludin MH, Kirkpatrick BW, Wiltbank MC
    Biol Reprod, 2018 03 01;98(3):335-349.
    PMID: 29425274 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox156
    The newly discovered Trio high-fecundity allele produces multiple ovulations in cattle. This study evaluated (1) size and growth rates of follicles in Trio carriers during a synchronized follicular wave, induced by follicle aspiration; (2) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) patterns associated with the follicular wave; (3) size of corpora lutea (CL) and circulating progesterone; and (4) intrafollicular estradiol concentrations prior to normal deviation. Trio carriers had mean dominant follicles that were significantly smaller in diameter and volume than noncarriers. Onset of diameter deviation occurred at ∼3 days after the last follicle aspiration in both genotypes despite Trio carriers having much smaller individual follicles. Follicles of Trio carriers grew at a slower rate than noncarrier follicles (∼65% in mm/day or ∼30% in mm3/day) resulting in much smaller individual dominant follicles (∼25% volume). However, total dominant follicle volume, calculated as the sum of all dominant follicles in each animal, was similar in carriers and noncarriers of Trio throughout the entire follicular wave. Circulating FSH was greater in Trio carriers during the 24 h encompassing deviation. Trio carriers had significantly more ovulations than noncarriers, and individual CL volume was smaller, although total luteal tissue volume and circulating P4 were not different. Thus, increased ovulation rate in Trio carriers relates to smaller individual follicles (one-third the volume) near the time of deviation due to slower follicle growth rate, although time of deviation is similar, with increased circulating FSH near deviation leading to selection of multiple dominant follicles in Trio carriers with similar total follicle volume.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood*
  13. Fulltext Endoscopy gender determination and reproductive hormone profiles of Painted Terrapins (Batagur borneoensis) subjected to ex situ incubation
    Kolandaiveloo V, Kalaiselvam R, Fong MWC, Mustapa MS, Souce RM, Sugnaseelan S, et al.
    J Vet Med Sci, 2020 Apr 15;82(4):497-502.
    PMID: 32101821 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0477
    Chelonian exhibit temperature dependent sex determination, and ex situ incubation of eggs in conservation hatcheries may render a gender bias. The gender of juvenile Painted terrapins (Batagur borneoensis) produced at a conservation hatchery in Malaysia was determined by endoscopy of the gonads. Circulating reproductive hormones (testosterone, progesterone and estradiol) were profiled for 31 juveniles and nine captive-reared non-breeding adult terrapins. Endoscopy revealed a gender bias of 96.8% (30/31) females. Testosterone levels in the juvenile females (2.49 ± 1.29) were significantly lower than that of the adult females (12.20 ± 4.29), and lower than values in the juvenile male (9.36) and adult males (27.60, 35.62). The progesterone levels in the juvenile females (107.12 ± 68.68) were significantly higher than that of the adult females (51.13 ± 24.67), but lower than values in the juvenile male (33.27) and adult males (3.43, 8.51). Estrogen levels were significantly lower in the juvenile females (1.57 ± 1.35) compared to the adult females (77.46 ± 53.45). Negative correlations were observed between levels of progesterone and testosterone, and progesterone and estrogen. A positive correlation was noted between estrogen and testosterone. The present study constitutes the first attempt to determine the gender and reproductive hormone profiles of juvenile Painted terrapins produced by ex situ incubation, and captive non-breeding adults. Endoscopy of the gonads is a useful techniques for gender determination among juvenile turtles, while the use of testosterone as a gender biomarker warrants further investigation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood
  14. Fulltext Stress hormone and reproductive system in response to honey supplementation combined with different jumping exercise intensities in female rats
    Mosavat M, Ooi FK, Mohamed M
    Biomed Res Int, 2014;2014:123640.
    PMID: 24672778 DOI: 10.1155/2014/123640
    This study was performed to determine the effects of 8-week honey supplementation combined with different jumping exercise intensities on serum cortisol, progesterone, estradiol, and reproductive organs. Eighty-four 9-week-old female rats were divided into 7 groups: baseline controls (C0), sedentary group (C), 20 and 80 jumps per day (Ex(20J), Ex(80J)), honey (H), and combined honey with 20 and 80 jumps per day (HEx(20J), HEx(80J)) groups. Jumping exercise was performed at 5 days/week and honey was given at a dosage of 1 g/kg body weight/day for 7 days/week. The level of serum cortisol was higher in Ex(20J) and Ex(80J) compared to C. There was significantly lower value of serum cortisol in HEx(20J) compared to Ex(80J). Serum progesterone levels were significantly lower in Ex(20J) and Ex(80J) compared to C. However, serum progesterone levels were significantly higher in HEx(20J) and HEx(80J) compared to Ex(20J) and Ex(80J). Relative uterine weights were significantly greater in HEx(20J) compared to C and HEx(80J), respectively. There was no significant difference in estradiol level and relative ovarian weights among all the groups. Therefore, honey elicited beneficial effects in reducing the increase of cortisol and in increasing the reduce of progesterone levels induced by different intensities jumping exercise in female rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood
  15. Marantodes pumilum (Blume) Kuntze (Kacip Fatimah) stimulates uterine contraction in rats in post-partum period
    Wan Omar WFN, Giribabu N, Karim K, Salleh N
    J Ethnopharmacol, 2019 Dec 05;245:112175.
    PMID: 31442621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112175
    ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Marantodes pumilum (Blume) Kuntze has traditionally been used to firm the uterus after delivery, however scientific evidences behind this claim is still lacking.

    AIMS OF STUDY: To demonstrate Marantodes pumilum leaves aqueous extract (MPE) has an effect on uterine contraction after delivery and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved.

    METHODS: Day-1 post-delivery female rats were given MPE (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg/day) orally for seven consecutive days. A day after the last treatment (day-8), rats were sacrificed and uteri were harvested and subjected for ex-vivo contraction study using organ bath followed by protein expression and distribution study by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry techniques, respectively. The proteins of interest include calmodulin-CaM, myosin light chain kinase-MLCK, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA), G-protein α and β (Gα and Gβ), inositol-triphosphate 3-kinase (IP3K), oxytocin receptor-OTR, prostaglandin (PGF)2α receptor-PGFR, muscarinic receptor-MAChR and estrogen receptor (ER) isoforms α and β. Levels of estradiol and progesterone in serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA).

    RESULTS: Ex-vivo contraction study revealed the force of uterine contraction increased with increasing doses of MPE. In addition, expression of CaM, MLCK, SERCA, Gα, Gβ, IP3K, OTR, PGF2α, MAChR, Erα and ERβ in the uterus increased with increasing doses of MPE. Serum analysis indicate that estradiol levels decreased while progesterone levels remained low at day-8 post-partum in rats receiving 250 and 500 mg/kg/day MPE.

    CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the claims that MPE help to firm the uterus and pave the way for its use as a uterotonic agent after delivery.

    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood
  16. Fulltext Serum sex hormone levels in pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer patients
    Ho CC, Rohaizak M, Zulkifli SZ, Siti-Aishah MA, Nor-Aini U, Sharifah-Noor-Akmal SH
    Singapore Med J, 2009 May;50(5):513-8.
    PMID: 19495523
    This study was conducted to determine the association between serum sex hormone levels and breast cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood*
  17. Hormonal changes causing rhinitis in pregnancy among Malaysian women
    Indirani B, Raman R, Omar SZ
    J Laryngol Otol, 2013 Sep;127(9):876-81.
    PMID: 23954035 DOI: 10.1017/S0022215113001692
    To investigate the aetiology of rhinitis occurring in pregnancy, by (1) describing the relationship between pregnancy rhinitis and serum oestrogen, progesterone, placental growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor, and (2) assessing the prevalence of pregnancy rhinitis among Malaysian women.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood
  18. Fulltext The effects of Tualang honey on female reproductive organs, tibia bone and hormonal profile in ovariectomised rats--animal model for menopause
    Zaid SS, Sulaiman SA, Sirajudeen KN, Othman NH
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2010;10:82.
    PMID: 21194469 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-10-82
    Honey is a highly nutritional natural product that has been widely used in folk medicine for a number of therapeutic purposes. We evaluated whether Malaysian Tualang honey (AgroMas, Malaysia) was effective in reducing menopausal syndrome in ovariectomised female rats; an animal model for menopause.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood
  19. Cyproterone acetate and reversal of the impaired endometrial decidualization in streptozotocin-diabetic pseudopregnant rats
    Zakaria R, Ismail Z, Chatterjee A
    Pharmacol Res, 2000 Aug;42(2):183-6.
    PMID: 10887050
    Reproductive dysfunction in the female diabetic rat is associated with impaired hypothalamic-hypophyseal system, anovulation, insufficiency of ovarian steroidogenesis and spontaneous failure of pregnancy. Formation of decidua, the highly modified endometrium of pregnancy and pseudopregnancy could only be achieved when the uterus was sensitized by a sequence of oestrogen and progesterone. In this study, we examined whether the impaired expression of endometrial decidualization in the pseudopregnant rat is linked with diabetes-associated hypersecretion of testosterone. Rats were made pseudopregnant by sterile mating. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin on day 1 p.c. Deciduogenic stimulus was given on day 5 p.c. Treatment of cyproterone acetate (10 mg kg(-1)) was scheduled from day 5 through day 9 p.c. Animals were killed on day 10 p.c, and the degree of endometrial decidual growth, plasma levels of oestradiol, progesterone, ACTH and testosterone were determined. Results showed that compared to controls there was a concomitant drop in endometrial decidual growth concurrently with impaired levels of oestradiol and progesterone in diabetic pseudopregnant rats. ACTH and testosterone levels were, however, profoundly elevated. Cyproterone acetate treatment in the diabetic pseudopregnant rat resulted in a simultaneous elevation of oestradiol and progesterone, which eventually helped the endometrial differentiation to decidua in the diabetic pseudopregnant rat parallel to controls. Present experimental data suggest that diabetes-associated impaired endometrial decidualization in the pseudopregnant rat is possibly caused by testosterone-induced oestrogen deficiency.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood
  20. Fulltext Inhibition of progesterone secretion by oestradiol administered in the luteal phase of assisted conception cycles
    Tay PYS, Lenton EA
    Med J Malaysia, 2003 Jun;58(2):187-95.
    PMID: 14569738
    A prospective randomised study was done to assess the effect of supplemental oestradiol in addition to progesterone on the luteal steroid profiles and pregnancy outcome in stimulated cycles with and without pituitary down regulation. Women undergoing stimulated cycle IVF with GnRH-a and FSH (Group A, n = 63) or stimulated intrauterine insemination using CC and FSH (Group B, n = 55) were studied. These subjects were randomly allocated to receive either 400 mg daily of vaginally administrated Cyclogest (progesterone) alone or in combination with 2 mg daily of oral Oestradiol Valerate (E2V) during the luteal phase. Significant lower concentrations of plasma progesterone were observed in those subjects supplemented with both E2V and progesterone compared to those in whom progesterone only was given during the luteal phase (P < 0.05). Exogenous E2V had a minimal impact on plasma oestradiol concentrations and did not disguise the characterised mid luteal decline in oestradiol secretion. The suppressive effect of E2V on plasma progesterone was lost if implantation occurred normally because any small change in steroid concentrations was reversed by the rapidly increasing concentrations of HCG. Similar pregnancy rates were observed among subjects supplemented with or without oestradiol. The addition of oestradiol to the luteal supplement suppresses endogenous corpus luteum progesterone secretion irrespective of the type of assisted conception cycle and that its use is unlikely to be beneficial to the process of implantation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Progesterone/blood
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