Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 113 in total

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  1. Cheo SW, Low QJ, Tan YA, Chia YK
    Clin Med (Lond), 2020 May;20(3):e20-e21.
    PMID: 32414735 DOI: 10.7861/clinmed.2020-0019
    Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare inflammatory disorder of the nervous system which can be potentially debilitating. Its prevalence is estimated to be around 0.5-10 per 100,000 population with predilection towards Asians and females. It can be diagnosed based on core clinical characteristics, serum aquaporin antibodies and neuroimaging features. It is important to pick up the diagnosis of NMOSD as the treatment is different from other demyelinating disease. Here, we illustrate a case of NMOSD presented with intractable vomiting.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting/etiology
  2. Brianna, Lee SH
    Med Oncol, 2023 Feb 03;40(3):88.
    PMID: 36735206 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-01954-6
    Chemotherapy is one of the widely used anticancer treatments that involves the use of powerful cytotoxic drugs to stop tumor growth by targeting rapidly dividing cells through various mechanisms, which will be elucidated in this review. Introduced during the early twentieth century, chemotherapy has since lengthened the longevity of innumerable cancer patients. However, the increase in lifespan is at the expense of quality of life as patients are at risk of developing short-term and long-term side effects following chemotherapy, such as alopecia (hair loss), chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, cardiotoxicity, diarrhea, infertility, and chemo brain. Currently, a number of these chemotherapy-induced adverse effects are managed through supportive care and approved treatments, while the rest of the side effects are unavoidable. Hence, chemotherapeutic drugs associated with inevitable side effects are only administered when their therapeutic role outweighs their chemotoxicity, thus severely limiting the potency of chemotherapy in treating malignancy. Therein, the potential approaches to alleviating side effects of chemotherapy ranging from pharmaceutical drugs to alternative therapies will be discussed in this review in hopes of increasing the tolerance and effectiveness of future chemotherapeutic treatments.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting/chemically induced
  3. Kow CS, Hasan SS
    J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2021 Feb;36(2):524-525.
    PMID: 33068035 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15301
    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting/drug therapy*; Vomiting/virology
  4. Usman AN, Manju B, Ilhamuddin I, Ahmad M, Ab T, Ariyandy A, et al.
    Breast Dis, 2023;42(1):207-212.
    PMID: 37424457 DOI: 10.3233/BD-239003
    BACKGROUND: Cancer is a type of disease caused by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells that can destroy body tissues. The use of traditional medicine naturally uses plants from ginger with the maceration method. The ginger plant is a herbaceous flowering plant with the Zingiberaceacea group.

    METHODS: This study uses the literature review method by reviewing 50 articles from journals and databases.

    RESULTS: A review of several articles, namely ginger has bioactive components such as gingerol. Ginger is used as a treatment in complementary therapies using plants. Ginger is a strategy with many benefits and functions as a nutritional complement to the body. This benefit has shown the effect of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer against nausea and vomiting due to chemotherapy in breast cancer.

    CONCLUSION: Anticancer in ginger is shown by polyphenols associated with anti-metastatic, anti-proliferative, antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy. Therefore, consuming ginger regularly affects natural herbal therapy with the prevention and treatment of breast cancer and serves as a prevention against the effects of chemotherapy.

    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting/drug therapy; Vomiting/prevention & control
  5. Mohammed HG, Al-Sharkawi SS, Mohammed Adly R
    Plast Aesthet Nurs (Phila), 2022 12 6;42(4):197-205.
    PMID: 36469390 DOI: 10.1097/PSN.0000000000000463
    Acupressure is a nonpharmacological technique that can be used to control chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in children with cancer. To use acupressure as a strategy for managing CINV, oncology nurses must have adequate knowledge and skills to implement the technique in clinical practice. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of an acupressure training program for pediatric nurses caring for children undergoing chemotherapy. We used a quasi-experimental design. Our sample populations included a convenience sample of 36 pediatric nurses and a purposive sample of 45 children undergoing chemotherapy. We used four tools for data collection: (1) a structured questionnaire comprising two parts: (a) characteristics of nurses and children and (b) assessment of nurses' knowledge; (2) an observational checklist for application of acupressure technique; (3) the Baxter Animated Retching Faces (BARF) scale; and (4) a vomiting assessment sheet. We found that after the training intervention, 94.4% ( n = 34) of nurses had a good level of knowledge and skill implementing the acupressure technique. There was a statistically significant difference in the knowledge and skill of the nurses before and after the training intervention, χ 2 (35, N = 36) = 19.113, p = .000. We concluded that the training program significantly improved the nurses' level of knowledge and skill when caring for children undergoing chemotherapy. We also found that after implementing the training intervention, the frequency and severity of CINV decreased among the children we studied. We therefore recommend that acupressure (in combination with antiemetic medication) be included as part of a protocol for chemotherapy administration in children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting/chemically induced
  6. Teh KH
    MyJurnal
    Foreign body ingestion in the majority of children is often witnessed or suspected and may present with vomiting or choking. An unusual mode of presentation with haemetemesis and maelena in a 10 month old child is described here.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting
  7. Satiamurthy R, Yaakob NS, Shah NM, Azmi N, Omar MS
    Curr Mol Med, 2023;23(4):341-349.
    PMID: 35549869 DOI: 10.2174/1566524022666220512122525
    5-HT3 receptor antagonists corresponding to ondansetron, granisetron, tropisetron, and palonosetron are clinically accustomed to treating nausea and emesis in chemotherapy patients. However, current and previous studies reveal novel potentials of those ligands in other diseases involving the nervous system, such as addiction, pruritus, and neurological disorders, such as anxiety, psychosis, nociception, and cognitive function. This review gathers existing studies to support the role of 5-HT3 receptors in CIPN modulation. It has been reported that chemotherapy drugs increase the 5-HT content that binds with the 5-HT3 receptor, which later induces pain. As also shown in pre-clinical and clinical studies that various neuropathic pains could be blocked by the 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, we proposed that 5-HT3 receptor antagonists via 5- HT3 receptors may also inhibit neuropathic pain induced by chemotherapy. Our review suggests that future studies focus more on the 5-HT3 receptor antagonists and their modulation in CIPN to reduce the gap in the current pharmacotherapy for cancer-related pain.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting/chemically induced; Vomiting/drug therapy; Vomiting/metabolism
  8. Asmary A, Nurulhuda AS, Hong JGS, Gan F, Adlan AS, Hamdan M, et al.
    Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM, 2023 Aug;5(8):101031.
    PMID: 37244640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2023.101031
    BACKGROUND: The adoption of Enhanced Recovery After Cesarean is increasing, but evidence supporting individual interventions having a specific benefit to Enhanced Recovery After Cesarean is lacking. A key element in Enhanced Recovery After Cesarean is early oral intake. Maternal complications are more frequent in unplanned cesarean delivery. In planned cesarean delivery, immediate full feeding enhances recovery, but the effect of unplanned cesarean delivery during labor is not known.

    OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate immediate oral full feeding vs on-demand oral full feeding after unplanned cesarean delivery in labor on vomiting and maternal satisfaction.

    STUDY DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in a university hospital. The first participant was enrolled on October 20, 2021, the last participant was enrolled on January 14, 2023, and follow-up was completed on January 16, 2023. Women were assessed for full eligibility on arrival at the postnatal ward after their unplanned cesarean delivery. The primary outcomes were vomiting in the first 24 hours (noninferiority hypothesis and 5% noninferiority margin) and maternal satisfaction with their feeding regimen (superiority hypothesis). The secondary outcomes were time to first feed; food and beverage quantum consumed at first feed; nausea, vomiting, and bloating at 30 minutes after first feed, at 8, 16, and 24 hours after the operation, and at hospital discharge; parenteral antiemetic and opiate analgesia use; first breastfeeding and satisfactory breastfeeding, bowel sound, and flatus; second meal; cessation of intravenous fluid; removal of a urinary catheter; urination; ambulation; vomiting during the rest of hospital stay; and serious maternal complications. Data were analyzed using the t test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, Fisher exact test, and repeated measures analysis of variance as appropriate.

    RESULTS: Overall, 501 participants were randomized into immediate or on-demand oral full feeding (sandwich and beverage). Vomiting in the first 24 hours were reported by 5 of 248 participants (2.0%) in the immediate feeding group and 3 of 249 participants (1.2%) in the on-demand feeding group (relative risk, 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 0.4-6.9 [0.48%-8.28%]; P=.50), and the maternal satisfaction scores from 0 to 10 were 8 (6-9) for the immediate feeding group and 8 (6-9) for the on-demand feeding groups (P=.97). The times from cesarean delivery to the first meal were 1.9 hours (1.4-2.7) vs 4.3 hours (2.8-5.6) (P

    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting
  9. Lee WS, Kaur P, Boey CC, Chan KC
    J Paediatr Child Health, 1998 Dec;34(6):568-70.
    PMID: 9928652
    OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical features, management and outcome of children with cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) from South-East Asia.

    METHODOLOGY: Retrospective review of all children who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of CVS and who were seen at Department of Paediatrics, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur and Paediatric Unit, Penang Hospital, Penang, Malaysia from 1987 to 1997.

    RESULTS: Eight children with CVS were seen at the two units during the study period, five girls and three boys. All had cyclical, self-limited episodes of nausea and vomiting with symptom-free intervals. The mean age of onset was 5.9 years. The clinical features were similar to other series described in the literature. Only two of the eight children were described as 'perfectionist'. Two children identified stress as precipitating factors. Therapy to reduce the number of emeses during acute attacks and to prevent subsequent attacks had been ineffective.

    CONCLUSION: There are similarities and differences in CVS from South-East Asian children as compared to those described in the literature.

    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting*
  10. Laidin AZ, Proehoeman R, Mohd Nor M
    Med J Malaysia, 1982 Dec;37(4):349-53.
    PMID: 7167088
    Sixty seven infants were admitted over a 10-year period from 1972 to 1981: 50 males and 17 females. A higher incidence of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis exists in West Malaysia than was previously recognised. However, it remains at less than one tenth of the Western figures. Among the three major races, the condition was commonest in Indians and least in Malays. Most cases presented between the ages of 3 to 8 weeks. Prolonged history of vomiting of more than 3 weeks occurred in 43.3 percent cases, usually among Malay and Indian patients. All patients were treated surgically with 1 death (1.5 percent). The usual postoperative complication was vomiting which occurred in 22.4 percent. Early presentation, adequate preoperative resuscitation and improved anaesthetic techniques can further reduce this mortality and morbidity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting/etiology
  11. Hee W
    Med J Malaysia, 1978 Dec;33(2):162-4.
    PMID: 755171
    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting/therapy*
  12. Tan GC, Sallapan S, Haworth K, Finlay J, Boue DR, Pierson CR
    Malays J Pathol, 2019 Apr;41(1):71-73.
    PMID: 31025642
    INTRODUCTION: Intratumoral calcification is a feature that is more often observed in pineal parenchymal tumour than germinoma. We describe a 13-year-old male with pineal region germinoma demonstrating extensive intratumoral calcification.

    CASE REPORT: He presented with worsening headache that was associated with fatigue, nausea and vomiting. Radiologic examination revealed a multilobular mass in the pineal region with internal calcifications. Biopsy showed a pure germinoma with unusually extensive calcification.

    DISCUSSION: Although a diagnosis may be suggested with a careful evaluation of imaging, there is no pathognomonic pattern. Thus, histologic verification is necessary for most pineal region masses.

    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting
  13. Koh KC
    Malays Fam Physician, 2013;8(1):50-52.
    PMID: 25606271 MyJurnal
    A 27-year old Nepali man presented with a four-day history of fever, vomiting and horizontal diplopia. There was no history of trauma. The patient has esotropia of the left eye or what is commonly known as a squint or strabismus. The squint is an inward squint (synonyms include convergent squint or esodeviation of the eye). Esotropia is a condition where either one or both eyes are turned inward. Congenital esotropia, often seen in infants below six years old, may give rise to amblyopia. Accommodative esotropia is common among patients with moderate amounts of
    hypermetropia or hyperopia. Esotropias can be concomitant, where the degree of deviation is independent of the direction of the gaze, or incomitant, where the degree of deviation is influenced by the direction of the gaze. This patient had incomitant esotropia as the squint was revealed when he was asked to look to the left. A comprehensive step-bystep approach to a patient presenting with a squint has been described extensively in literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting
  14. Lope RJ, Wong SW, Wu LL
    J Paediatr Child Health, 2010 Apr;46(4):204-6.
    PMID: 20412414 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2009.01662.x
    Children with occipital seizures often have ictal autonomic symptoms such as pallor and vomiting and lack motor manifestations. This has lead to misdiagnosis of occipital seizures in children. The following case report highlights the clinical features of a child with occipital epilepsy misdiagnosed as having migraine. The aetiology of symptomatic occipital epilepsy will be discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting/diagnosis*; Vomiting/etiology
  15. Chan A, Abdullah MM, Ishak WZBW, Ong-Cornel AB, Villalon AH, Kanesvaran R
    J Glob Oncol, 2017 Dec;3(6):801-813.
    PMID: 29244998 DOI: 10.1200/JGO.2016.005728
    A meeting of regional experts was convened in Manila, Philippines, to develop a resource-stratified chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) management guideline. In patients treated with highly emetogenic chemotherapy in general clinical settings, triple therapy with a serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine-3 [5-HT3]) antagonist (preferably palonosetron), dexamethasone, and aprepitant is recommended for acute CINV prevention. In resource-restricted settings, triple therapy is still recommended, although a 5-HT3 antagonist other than palonosetron may be used. In both general and resource-restricted settings, dual therapy with dexamethasone (days 2 to 4) and aprepitant (days 2 to 3) is recommended to prevent delayed CINV. In patients treated with moderately emetogenic chemotherapy, dual therapy with a 5-HT3 antagonist, preferably palonosetron, and dexamethasone is recommended for acute CINV prevention in general settings; any 5-HT3 antagonist can be combined with dexamethasone in resource-restricted environments. In general settings, for the prevention of delayed CINV associated with moderately emetogenic chemotherapy, corticosteroid monotherapy on days 2 and 3 is recommended. If aprepitant is used on day 1, it should be continued on days 2 and 3. Prevention of delayed CINV with corticosteroids is preferred in resource-restricted settings. The expert panel also developed CINV management guidelines for anthracycline plus cyclophosphamide combination schedules, multiday cisplatin, and chemotherapy with low or minimal emetogenic potential, and its recommendations are detailed in this review. Overall, these regional guidelines provide definitive guidance for CINV management in general and resource-restricted settings. These consensus recommendations are anticipated to contribute to collaborative efforts to improve CINV management in Southeast Asia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting/prevention & control*; Vomiting/therapy*
  16. Tan PC, Zaidi SN, Azmi N, Omar SZ, Khong SY
    PLoS One, 2014;9(3):e92036.
    PMID: 24637791 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092036
    To evaluate the temporal and case-controlled correlations of anxiety, depression and stress with hyperemesis gravidarum.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting/complications; Vomiting/psychology
  17. Keat CH, Ghani NA
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2013;14(12):7701-6.
    PMID: 24460356
    BACKGROUND: In a prospective cohort study of antiemetic therapy conducted in Malaysia, a total of 94 patients received low emetogenic chemotherapy (LEC) with or without granisetron injections as the primary prophylaxis for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). This study is a retrospective cost analysis of two antiemetic regimens from the payer perspective.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cost evaluation refers to 2011, the year in which the observation was conducted. Direct costs incurred by hospitals including the drug acquisition, materials and time spent for clinical activities from prescribing to dispensing of home medications were evaluated (MYR 1=$0.32 USD). As reported to be significantly different between two regimens (96.1% vs 81.0%; p=0.017), the complete response rate of acute emesis which was defined as a patient successfully treated without any emesis episode within 24 hours after LEC was used as the main indicator for effectiveness.

    RESULTS: Antiemetic drug acquisition cost per patient was 40.7 times higher for the granisetron-based regimen than for the standard regimen (MYR 64.3 vs 1.58). When both the costs for materials and clinical activities were included, the total cost per patient was 8.68 times higher for the granisetron-based regimen (MYR 73.5 vs 8.47). Considering the complete response rates, the mean cost per successfully treated patient in granisetron group was 7.31 times higher (MYR 76.5 vs 10.5). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) with granisetron-based regimen, relative to the standard regimen, was MYR 430.7. It was found to be most sensitive to the change of antiemetic effects of granisetron-based regimen.

    CONCLUSIONS: While providing a better efficacy in acute emesis control, the low incidence of acute emesis and high ICER makes use of granisetron as primary prophylaxis in LEC controversial.

    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting/chemically induced; Vomiting/economics*; Vomiting/prevention & control
  18. R A A H, Y U C, R N, I R
    J Neonatal Surg, 2015 07 01;4(3):32.
    PMID: 26290814
    Development of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis during postoperative period in EA with TEF is rare. Postoperative vomiting or feeding intolerance in EA is more common which is due to esophageal stricture, gastroesophageal reflux and esophageal dysmotility. A typical case of IHPS also presents with non-bilious projectile vomiting at around 3-4 weeks of life. The diagnosis of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in this subset is usually delayed because of its rarity. We report a case of IHPS in postoperative EA and emphasize on high index of suspicion to avoid any delay in diagnosis with its metabolic consequences.
    Matched MeSH terms: Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
  19. Mohamad IS, Yaacob H
    Malays Fam Physician, 2018;13(3):47-48.
    PMID: 30800236 MyJurnal
    A 24-year-old man presented to the casualty department with a history of left-sided, colicky abdominal pain for one day. It was associated with an inability to pass flatus or motion within the same duration. There was no history of vomiting. On examination, the vital signs were within normal limits, and he was afebrile. His abdomen was soft, but a hard mass was palpable on the left side of his abdomen. There was no peritonitis. The bowel sounds were sluggish.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting
  20. Khairussaleh B.J., Kyaw, T.H.
    MyJurnal
    Benign gastrojejunocolic fistula is mostly due to Bilroth II operations. It typically presents with a triad of feculent vomiting, weight loss and chronic diarrhoea but sometimes the diagnosis is not straight forward. We discuss a case that presented and was investigated as intestinal obstruction however diagnosed with gastrojejunocolic fistula during surgery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vomiting
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