Browse publications by year: 2019

Fulltext Effect of enzymatic transesterification using Mucor miehei lipase on physicochemical properties of engkabang (Shorea macrophylla) fat - canola oil blends

Roslan, N. I. M., Marikkar, J. M. N., Manaf, Y. N., Mustafa, S., Miskandar, M. S.

International Food Research Journal, 2019;26(5):1427-1435.
MyJurnal

The effect of transesterification of engkabang (Shorea macrophylla) fat - canola oil (EF35/ CaO65) blend by Mucor miehei lipase (1%, w/w oil) in a solvent-free system was investigated at different time intervals of 6 h, 12 h and 24 h. Compositional changes of the samples withdrawn at specified time intervals while the reaction in progress were analysed by chromatography, whereas the polymorphic forms and thermal properties were analysed by using X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. There were increases in the amounts of monounsaturated and triunsaturated triacylglycerol (TAG) molecular groups with concurrent reductions of the proportions of desaturated TAG molecular groups during different time intervals. This changing TAG composition led to changes in crystallisation behaviour and thermal properties of the samples, reducing some enthalpy values. All samples withdrawn at different time intervals displayed both β' and β type crystal polymorphs even though engkabang fat itself was predominantly β‐type. In terms of melting, solidification and polymorphic properties, the sample withdrawn at 6 h time interval was found to display the closest similarity to lard (LD).
Fulltext Quality assessment of ozone-treated citrus fruit juices

Shah, N.N.A.K., Sulaiman, A., Sidek, N.S.M., Supian, N.A.M.

International Food Research Journal, 2019;26(5):1405-1415.
MyJurnal

The aim of the present work was to analyse the impact of ozone treatment on the physicochemical parameters and antioxidant capacity of citrus fruit juices (orange, lemon and lime) with different juice components (total soluble solids). Each sample was ozonated at different ozone treatment time, between 0 to 30 min with fixed ozone concentration of 600 mg/h. The synergistic effects of ozone treatment and the different types of juice were found to significantly affect the pH, total colour difference (TCD), pectin methylesterase (PME) activity, ascorbic acid (AA) and total phenolic content (TPC) of treated juices, while total soluble solids, turbidity and 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay were found to be unchanged. It was observed that PME activity decreased with treatment time and this is related to the decrease of juice turbidity (R2 = 0.86) and TCD (R2 = 0.78). Ascorbic acid showed an abrupt decrease in all the juices especially in orange juice with percentage loss of 85%. TPC also showed decreasing trend for all juices with maximum loss of 84.4% in lemon juice after 30 min of ozonation time. The present work also found that lemon juice could retain most of its antioxidant activities (DPPH 98.9%, TPC 96%, AA 86.7%) after 10 min of ozone treatment time in comparison to orange and lime juices.
Fulltext The effect of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) flour incorporation on the physicochemical quality and sensorial acceptability of pasta

Nordiana, A. B., Wan Rosli, W. I., Wan Amir Nizam, W. A.

International Food Research Journal, 2019;26(4):1249-1257.
MyJurnal

The present work was carried out to formulate a pasta with oyster mushroom flour (OMF), and to evaluate the effect of its addition on the nutritional compositions, physicochemical properties, and sensorial acceptability of the formulated pasta. Four pasta formulations with different levels of OMF (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) were developed prior to the determination of the nutritional composition, physicochemical properties, and sensorial acceptability. Proximate components such as protein, ash, and fat increased with increasing OMF levels except for carbohydrates and energy, which were decreased with increasing OMF levels. Lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) significantly decreased with increasing OMF levels, while redness (a*) increased with increasing OMF levels. The results showed that the optimum cooking time, elasticity, firmness, and shear work decreased with increasing OMF levels, while there were no significant differences in hardness or adhesiveness between the samples. In sensory evaluation, the pasta fortified with up to 10% OMF was generally well accepted by the sensory panellists. The addition of 10% OMF into the pasta resulted in an increase in its nutritional values, thus affecting its physicochemical properties, and improving some of its sensorial attributes.
Fulltext The development of legume-based yogurt by using water kefir as starter culture

Lim, X. X., Koh, W. Y., Uthumporn, U., Maizura, M., Wan Rosli, W. I.

International Food Research Journal, 2019;26(4):1219-1228.
MyJurnal

The aim of the present work was to develop legume-based kefir yogurts to replace conventional dairy yogurts that are not suitable to be consumed by vegetarians and consumers who have lactose intolerance and milk allergy. Soy and black bean milk were incubated at 15°C and 20°C for 24 h with 35 g of water kefir grains to produce kefir yogurt. The proximate composition, physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of the yogurts were evaluated. At 20°C, soy and black bean milk produced kefir yogurts with significantly lower pH, total soluble solids, and sucrose concentration, indicating that fermentation process carried out at 20°C had higher efficiency than 15°C; meanwhile, black bean milk produced better kefir yogurts than soymilk. Black bean kefir yogurt which was fermented at 20°C had higher level of total plate count (2.05 × 107 CFU/mL), yeast and mould count (6.95 × 106 CFU/mL), and lactobacilli count (8.3
× 105 CFU/mL) as compared to other kefir yogurts. In general, 20°C produced kefir yogurt with better technological properties. Both soymilk and black bean milk were good alternative substrates for kefir yogurt production.
Fulltext An evaluation study on gamified online learning experiences and its acceptance among medical students

Ohn MH, Ohn KM

Ci Ji Yi Xue Za Zhi, 2019 06 06;32(2):211-215.
PMID: 32269957 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_5_19

Objective: The successful application of gamification in different educational settings shows that the use of gamification in medical education may be an effective solution. Even though many studies have been conducted to investigate the efficacy of the integration of gamification to different education curriculums, few studies have examined the reactions, behaviors, and attitudes of learners toward the use of gamification in medical education. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the medical students' learning experience and acceptance of the use of gamification for the delivery of electrocardiogram lessons.
Materials and Methods: A qualitative research method was used to generate findings in this study. The data collection methods included focus group discussions and interviews. Triangulation methods were used to ensure the validity and reliability of the qualitative data analyzed in this study. The thematic analysis of the data collected in this study helped to garner insights into the perception of participants and experts about the use of GaMed@™ for the delivery of ECG lessons.
Results: A total number of 32 medical students and four experts in the fields of user experience, communication, social psychology, and game design participated in this study. The findings showed that in spite of the negative reports about the user experience and application of GaMed@™, the participants and experts affirmed its positive impact on the increased motivation and engagement of users.
Conclusions: The impact of this concept can be maximized by tailoring the game design to foster-positive learning attributes, behaviors, and outcomes in students. However, further research studies must be conducted to investigate the impact of gamification designs on specific learning outcomes in students.

MeSH terms: Attitude; Communication; Curriculum; Education, Medical; Electrocardiography; Humans; Learning; Motivation; Perception; Students, Medical; Reproducibility of Results; Focus Groups; Problem-Based Learning; Qualitative Research
Fulltext Vision problems among manufacturing workers in Selangor, Malaysia

Mohd Zaki Awg. Isa, Zurin F. Yaacob, Mohd Ferdaus Sari

Journal of Optometry, Eye and Health Research, 2019;1(1):55-62.
MyJurnal

Workers in manufacturing industries are highly exposed to visual hazards which lead to visual dysfunctions or eye injuries while performing their tasks at the workplace. This article aims to describe vision problems, visual hazards and eye occupational safety and health among workers in manufacturing industries in Selangor, Malaysia. A self-administered Visual Profile Questionnaires (VPQ) was distributed to 1522 workers from manufacturing industries aged between 20-60 years during a vision screening program. Vision screening was conducted using Snellen standard visual acuity test at 6 meter following full eye examination by qualified optometrists. A total of 1214 (959 Male, 255, Female) participants with mean aged of 39.33 ± 9.80 years completed the study. Blurred vision (55.4%), reading a small print (38%), visual fatigue or visual strain (36.7%), dry eyes (34.4%) and Itchiness (33.4%) are among the major eye problems. Meanwhile, smoke/dust (55.8%), chemical (30.2%) and eye injuries (20.4%) are the major visual hazards experienced by the workers. More than 72% of workers did not get proper eye tests, not wear eye protection shield and had a poor knowledge on visual hazards while performing their job at the workplace. Regular eye examination, assessment and policy on the eye related occupational safety and health are needed to be established for manufacturing industries to help prevent eye problems and improve employees’ productivity at the workplace.
Fulltext The measurement of lower tear meniscus height using anterior segment digital imaging and keratography

Nurin Izzati Rosmadi, Nur Hanisah Diyana Yusoff, Mohd Radzi Hilmi, Khairidzan Mohd Kamal, Mohd Hafidz Ithnin

Journal of Optometry, Eye and Health Research, 2019;1(1):49-54.
MyJurnal

The difference of lower tear meniscus height (TMH) value between invasive and non-invasive techniques is under explained. This study aims to compare the value of lower TMH between Oculus keratograph 5M (OK5M) and anterior segment digital imaging (ASDI) using slit lamp with iPhone6 video recorder attached. The totals of twenty participants with 40 eyes were involved in this cross-sectional study. Right and left eyes from an individual were considered separately. Instillation of fluorescein sodium was applied on the ASDI technique only. Three measurements of TMH were taken from each methods and average were calculated and recorded. Independent sample t-test was used to analyze the data and it was found that the mean of the TMH measurement from the ASDI (0.42 ± 0.11 mm) was higher than the mean from the OK5M (0.25 ± 0.06 mm). The comparison between two methods was significant (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this study suggested that the higher TMH in ASDI was resulted by the effect of fluorescein and together with local climate.
Fulltext The efficacy of over-the-counter (otc) artificial tears in treating dry eye syndrome

Mohd Adam Bin Mohd Zaed, Noor Munirah Binti Awang Abu Bakar, Mohd Zaki Awg. Isa

Journal of Optometry, Eye and Health Research, 2019;1(1):39-48.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Dry eye syndrome (DES) is an ocular condition characterized in decreasing of Tears Break-up Time (TBUT) leads to ocular irritation and loss of cornea integrity. Lubricants are the first-line treatment for various causes of ocular irritation, particularly dry eye. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Systane Hydration Lubricant (SHL) Eye Drops and Optive Fusion Lubricant (OFL) Eye Drops, the over-the-counter (OTC) artificial tears in treating DES. Materials and Methods: Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and TBUT assessment (pre-treatment) were used to determine DES of the subject prior to their involvement in the study. The subjects then divided into two groups which were prescribed with either SHL or OFL. All subjects were instructed to instill two drops of eye drops twice a day for a duration of one week, after which the TBUT (post-treatment) was re-assessed again. Results: A total of forty (40) eyes involved in this study with the mean age was 22.65 (SD: 3.09) years old, OSDI was 29.91 (SD:19.75) and TBUT (pre-treatment) was 3.35 (SD:1.03) second and TBUT (post treatment) was 4.18 (SD0.98) second respectively. There was no significant difference in TBUT (post-treatment) between SHL and OFL Eye Drops (U = 181, p = 0.58). However, a significant difference was found between pre-treatment TBUT and post-treatment TBUT in both groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Systane Hydration Lubricant Eye Drops and Optive Fusion Lubricant Eye Drops are equally effective in treating DES by improving the TBUT among the subjects. Therefore, optometrists are recommended to prescribe OTC artificial tears to patients with DES.
Fulltext The comparison of measuring tear film break-up time using conventional slit lamp biomicroscopy and anterior segment digital imaging

Noor Afuza Abdullah, Mohd Hafidz Ithnin, Mohd Radzi Hilmi

Journal of Optometry, Eye and Health Research, 2019;1(1):34-38.
MyJurnal

The stability of tear film can be measured by tear film break-up time (TFBUT). To date, the comparison value of TFBUT between slit lamp with stopwatch, which is conventional method and anterior segment digital imaging (ASDI) is under explored. The aim of this study was to compare TFBUT value between the conventional method and the ASDI utilizing iPhone 6s® video recorder. A total of 20 normal and healthy participants with 40 eyes were involved in this study. Right and left eyes from an individual were considered separately. Three measurements of TFBUT were taken from each methods and average were calculated and recorded. Mann Whitney U test was used to analyze the data and it was found that the median of the TFBUT measurement from the conventional method (2.16 seconds) was higher than the median from the ASDI (2.00 seconds). The comparison between two methods was not significant (p > 0.05). In conclusion, this study suggested that both methods could not give different result in the assessment of TFBUT.
Fulltext Effects of 8 weeks single set versus multiple set resistance training on upper and lower body muscular strength among untrained males in Iran

Amir Bahram Kashiani, Kim, Geok Soh

Movement Health & Exercise, 2019;8(2):153-163.
MyJurnal

It is generally accepted that the implementation of high intensity resistance training can lead to several physiological adaptations such as muscular strength. In recent years, many individuals have been attracted to weight training to increase muscular strength. One of the most important variables affecting muscular strength improvement is the training system. Two common resistance training systems are single set and multiple sets. Which training system is superior remains undetermined. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of 8 weeks single set versus multiple set resistance training on upper and lower body muscular strength among untrained male adults. Twenty four apparently healthy untrained males (age: 20.5 ± 1.8 years, body height: 174.9 ± 4.2 cm, body mass: 72.3 ± 3.2 kg, and body fat mass percentage: %18.2 ± 1.3) were selected randomly and assigned into two groups: single set (SS) and multiple sets (MS). Both groups completed 8 weeks of high intensity resistance training (70 80% of one repetition maximum) with 8 10 repetitions for 3 times per week which SS and MS groups performed one set and three sets of each exercise, respectively. Dependent variables involving maximal muscular strength using one
repetition maximum were measured before and after the intervention. Significance level was set at P < 0.05. No differences existed among both groups at baseline for depended variables. A paired Student’s t test and an independent sample t test revealed significant increases in upper and lower body maximal muscular strength in both groups after the intervention (P < 0.05), and upper and lower body maximal muscular strength increased significantly more in MS group compared with SS group (%23.43 increase in MS group vs. %12.70 increase in SS group). The results of this study showed that MS resistance training had a significant better effect than SS resistance training to improve upper and lower body muscular strength after 8 weeks of resistance training among untrained male adults.
Fulltext The effects of 25 minutes staxercise on flexibility and agility/balance tests in elderly men

Mazlan Ismail

Movement Health & Exercise, 2019;8(2):141-152.
MyJurnal

This study is aimed to investigate the effect of 25 minutes of continuous active stretching – based exercise (STAxercise) on the flexibility and agility / balance of a group of elderly men. An experimental research design was used. Participants consisted of 20 sedentary males aged 60 to 64 years, who participated in this study having different weight and height. All participants took part in the “Healthy Generation Program” held in Petaling Jaya in 2016. They were engaged three times per week for 24 weeks of STAxercise interventions. All participants completed the tests (i.e. flexibility & agility / dynamic balance) before and after the intervention. The results showed that the participants had increased in inches in terms of flexibility and reduced in time agility - dynamic balance after 24 weeks of intervention. The present study recommends STAxercise as another approach for elderly people to practice at home. Future research needs to investigate the effectiveness of STAxercise with different modes of exercises other than the effects on psychological states of the participants.
Fulltext The development of exercise model to increase motor ability of Indonesian cerebral palsy football team players

Doewes, Rumi Iqbal, Fadilah Umar, Manshuralhudroli

Movement Health & Exercise, 2019;8(2):112-122.
MyJurnal

This research was based on the reality that there is no motor ability exercise model for football players with cerebral palsy. The coach has difficulty in handling the physical/motor ability issues, such as falling more easily, difficulty reversing and changing the direction quickly, less balance, and poor coordination. The main research problem is how to develop Motor Ability Exercise Model with Circuit Method for Indonesian CP football team. The research purpose was to produce a special circuit training model for CP football. The study design was used quasi experiment. The research subjects included 12 players of the Indonesian CP Football team for APG Malaysia 2017. The data collection technique used a modification of motor ability test and development (Research and Development). The research was started from November 2016 and has been completed in June 2017. The research result was the development of a motor ability exercise model with the Circuit Method for the Indonesian CP football team, which effectively improved the motor ability of the Indonesian CP Football Team in National Training for the 2017 ASEAN Paragames Malaysia. This included (1) a motor ability exercise model with circuit model for flexibility, (2) a motor ability exercise model with circuit model for strength (3) a motor ability exercise model with circuit model for balance and (4) motor ability exercise model with circuit model for coordination.
Fulltext The awareness of visual function deterioration in the elderly: a review

Nor Sheila Majid, Noor Ezailina Badarudin, Nurul Ain Yahaya

Journal of Optometry, Eye and Health Research, 2019;1(1):18-33.
MyJurnal

Visual functions deteriorate gradually during the normal aging process. As the number of older population increase rapidly, it is important to educate the senior citizens about the nature of age-related visual functions deterioration and their underlying mechanisms. This literature review compiles all the information concerning the changes in the visual system due to aging process, including: decrease of visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, reduction of orientation discrimination sensitivity and motion direction detection, decline of binocular summation; information processing; visual field sensitivity; wavelength sensitivity; pupil size, and increased tear film evaporation and presbyopia.
Fulltext Reliability analysis of subjectively graded real-image pterygium based on its translucence appearance between two experienced clinicians preliminary report

Mohd Radzi Hilmi, Khairidzan Mohd Kamal, Mohd Hafidz Ithnin

Journal of Optometry, Eye and Health Research, 2019;1(1):13-17.
MyJurnal

This study aimed compares the reliability of subjectively graded real-image pterygium based on its translucence appearance between experienced clinicians. Thirty (30) primary pterygium images from 30 pterygium patients were captured in a standardized magnification, illumination and formatting setting as previously described. All images were projected using PowerPoint presentation™ on liquid crystal display (LCD) monitor with standard resolution. Two experienced clinicians act as a grader and grade all images based on reference images provided. For reliability testing, intra-grader assessment was repeated twice with different sequence at least a month apart between each session. Both clinicians were given a set of 30 randomized pterygium images for all sessions. Reliability testing were evaluated using paired T-test and independent T-test. Descriptive analysis revealed observer 1 obtained mean grade of 2.33 (SD = 0.758) and 2.30 (SD = 0.837) for session 1 and 2 respectively. Observer 2 obtained 2.30 (SD = 0.702) and 2.17 (SD = 0.791) for session 1 and 2 respectively. Paired T-test results showed the difference for both observers were not statistically significant for both observer 1 and 2 (P = 0.662 and P = 0.293) respectively. Reproducibility testing using Independent T-test results showed the difference between observers was not statistically significant (P = 0.769). Subjectively graded pterygium clinical grading based on its translucence appearance was repeatable and reproducible. These findings could serve as basis for future work on to evaluate performance of pterygium clinical grading based on its morphology with different level of experience and larger number of samples.
Fulltext Peripheral visual attention superiority in athletes and non-athletes

Muhammad Aiman Ramlan, Mohammad Fitri Fahmi Mohd Arif, Mohd Zulfaezal Che, Azemin Norsham Ahmad

Journal of Optometry, Eye and Health Research, 2019;1(1):7-12.
MyJurnal

Introduction: The purpose of the study was to compare the size of visual field in horizontal and vertical, peripheral retinal sensitivity at mid- and far-peripheral temporal viewing using different sizes of stimuli between football athletes and age-gender matched non-athlete subjects. Methods: The participants comprised 9 experienced male football (23.44 ± 2.74 years) players and the control group comprised 9 age-matched male non-athletes (23.33 ± 2.96 years). The parameters were measured using Oculus Twinfield automated perimeter. Horizontal and vertical size of visual field was measured using manual kinetic strategy. The mid-peripheral (60deg) and far-peripheral (90deg) temporal retinal sensitivity in different sizes of stimuli were measured using manual static strategy. The measurement of each test was repeated three times, and then the most reliable value was taken from the three readings. Results: The results from athletes and non-athletes did not differ in regards to peripheral visual attention in all measured parameters (p>0.05). However, athletes group showed slightly better results than non-athletes group. Conclusions: Improved visual performance in selected parameters among athlete group in this study supports previous studies with hypothesis of visual skill in athletes is better compared to non-athletes.
Fulltext Eye tracking measurement with headrest in reading aloud study

Nadira Syahira Daman, Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin, Ibrahim Adham Taib, Norsham Ahmad

Journal of Optometry, Eye and Health Research, 2019;1(1):1-6.
MyJurnal

Eye tracking is a technology used to track and record what the human eye perceives. It has been applied in detecting visual field loss, determining infant’s preferential looking and virtual reality therapy. In reading tasks, eye tracking needs to be accurate because even a substantial head movement can affect its fixation accuracy; as such, using a headrest can minimise head movements and the associated fixation errors. This experimental study was conducted to determine the effect of headrest usage on eye tracker fixation accuracy during reading aloud activity by comparing a group with headrest and a group without it. The results showed that the difference between the two groups was significant (p=0.004), where the headrest group and non-headrest group introduced a mean fixation error of 30.728 ± 15 mm and 17.671 ± 9 mm respectively. Eye tracking accuracy for the headrest group was then compared with a standard value of 0.6 degrees. The findings showed that the accuracy was significantly different (p
Fulltext Knowledge, attitude and practice of the use of antibiotics among students and staff at a local university in Malaysia

Adlina Suleiman, Hanisah N., Nurul Syazana M. Z .C, Sughashini S., Nur Farah Zulaikha M. F., Lugovaa, Halyna, et al.

ZULFAQAR International Journal of Defence Science, Engineering & Technology, 2019;2(2):83-89.
MyJurnal

Inappropriate use of antibiotics (AB) is a significant public health problem. Understanding the patterns of AB-taking behaviour helps in designing educational campaigns to curb the overuse of AB. The objective of this study was to determine the levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of AB usage among students and staff at the National Defence University of Malaysia. This cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2018. A self-administered questionnaire was used. Data were described by frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test was used to compare KAP levels between students and staff. The level of significance was established as p ≤ 0.05. This study revealed that fair level of knowledge about AB usage did not translate into positive attitudes and high levels of practices. Overall, students demonstrated poorer KAP regarding indiscriminate usage of AB than staff. Specifically, students had poorer knowledge about its role in ineffectiveness of treatment (p=0.013) and additional burden of medical cost to the patient (p=0.001). Additionally, students were more likely than staff to give the leftover AB to their friends if they become sick (p=0.024). The findings of this study may serve as a preliminary insight on the development of an effective intervention to improve attitudes and practices regarding AB usage.
Fulltext Development of wireless sensor technologies for haze smart greenhouse

Nor Azliana Akmal Jamaludin, Mohd Nazri Ismail, Megat Fariz Azril Zuhairi

ZULFAQAR International Journal of Defence Science, Engineering & Technology, 2019;2(2):77-82.
MyJurnal

Wireless Sensor Technologies (WST) is entering a new phase. Recent advances offer vast opportunities for research and development. On top of that, this is the consequence of the decreasing costs of ownership, the increase of smaller sensing devices in engineering and the achievements in radio frequency technology and digital circuits. The aim of this research was to combine the Wireless Sensor Network with ZigBee technology. It is expected to develop Haze Smart Greenhouse to control the temperature and humidity via remote automation. In addition, a GUI interface will be built to ease in controlling and managing the prototype through computer via wired and wireless technology. This Haze Smart Greenhouse prototype will be proposed to be developed and tested with operational via remote automation.
Fulltext Recent advances techniques for detection of organophosphates: a review

Mohd Junaedy Osman, Wan Md. Zin Wan Yunus, Ong, Keat Khim, Jahwarhar Izuan Abd. Rashid

ZULFAQAR International Journal of Defence Science, Engineering & Technology, 2019;2(2):49-70.
MyJurnal

This review summarizes the evolution that has been made for organophosphates (OPs) detection technique using conventional technique (lab-based) and compact technique (colorimetric and electrochemical). Right after introduction section, a first section covers the types, chemical structure and risks of OPs. Methods for detection using conventional and compact technique were discussed next. An additional section covers the limitation of conventional detection technique and advantages of compact detection technique are addressed. Several Tables are presented that give an overview on the OPs detection using conventional and compact detection technique. A concluding section addresses a brief idea on the detection method available nowadays.
Fulltext Aggressive movement feature detection using color-based approach on thermal images

Suzaimah Ramli, Tuan Khalisah Tan Zizi @ Tuan Zizi, Norulzahrah Mohd Zainudin, Nor Asiakin Hasbullah, Norshariah Abdul Wahab, Noor Afiza Mat Razali, et al.

ZULFAQAR International Journal of Defence Science, Engineering & Technology, 2019;2(2):40-48.
MyJurnal

Thermal imaging technology can be used to detect aggressive levels in humans based on the radiated heat from their face and body. Previous researches have proposed an approach to figure out human aggressive movements using HornSchunck optical flow algorithm in order to find the flow vector for all video frames but still not strong enough to confirm and verify the existence of an aggressive movement. In this work, we propose an approach by using thermal videos for frontal views of the human body which is face view. Then, video frames are collected using thermal camera and further extracted into thermal images. We use thermal imaging to monitor the face including prefrontal and periorbital region’s thermal variations and test whether it can offer a discriminative signature for detecting aggressiveness. We start by presenting an overview of 3400 thermal images extracted from 50 participants. The results obtained is promising where aggressive and non-aggressive features can be detected by using color-based approach.

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