Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubung kait antara diameter kornea dan diameter kanta di kalangan kanak-kanak. Kajian ini melibatkan sejumlah empat puluh kanak-kanak (40 mata) yang kurang daripada 4 tahun yang menjalani pemeriksaan, prosedur atau pembedahan di Hospital Kuala Lumpur dari Januari 2010 sehingga September 2011. Pemeriksaan dijalankan dengan menggunakan bius am di dewan bedah. Diameter kornea diukur dengan ‘Holladay-Godwin cornea gauge’ sementara diameter kanta diukur dengan menggunakan mesin ultrasound yang mempunyai resolusi tinggi ‘ultrasound biomicroscope (UBM)’. Purata umur populasi kajian adalah 24.7 + 12.1 bulan. Purata diameter kornea melintang adalah 11.62 + 0.50 mm, lebih besar berbanding dengan purata diameter kornea menegak yang berukuran 11.20 + 0.58 mm. Purata diameter kanta adalah 7.94 + 0.47 mm. Diameter kornea didapati mempunyai korelasi positif yang sederhana dengan diameter kanta (r=0.479, p=0.002). Terdapat hubung kait yang kukuh di antara diameter kanta dengan umur pesakit (r=0.718, p
Peningkatan jumlah warga tua dikaitkan dengan penambahan masalah dalam penjagaan kesihatan. Dengan kerumitan penyakit yang berkaitan dengan usia, sistem pengurusan ubat yang baik adalah penting untuk mencegah kesilapan ubat. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunkan soal selidik untuk menilai pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan (KAP) penjaga terhadap pengurusan ubat di rumah jagaan kejururawatan (RACFs). Satu kajian keratan rentas telah dijalankan dan melibatkan penjaga dari 90 RACF di seluruh Malaysia. Soal selidik yang dibangunkan berdasarkan tinjauan literatur dan pendapat pakar ini mengandungi 41 item yang dibahagikan kepada tiga domain. Dalam kajian ini, kadar respons adalah 71% dengan 128 soal selidik yang dikembalikan. Skor median yang diperolehi untuk pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan masing-masing adalah 77.27, 70.83 dan 68.66. Majoriti penjaga (71.9%) disifatkan mengetahui asas pengurusan ubat, bagaimanapun, hampir separuh daripada mereka (48.4%) tidak pernah menerima sebarang latihan mengenainya. Lebih separuh daripada penjaga mempunyai tahap pengetahuan yang baik (69.5%, n = 89), separuh lagi (57.8%, n = 74) mempunyai sikap yang baik dan kurang daripada separuh mempunyai amalan yang baik (46.9%) terhadap pengurusan ubat. Tahap pendidikan, kelayakan khusus dan pengalaman latihan pengurusan ubat adalah faktor yang dikaitkan dengan hasil skor yang baik (p
Laporan prestasi kerja adalah laporan penilaian yang sistematik dan komprehensif secara kuantitatif bagi menilai tahap prestasi penjawat awam di Malaysia. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan sama ada prestasi kerja kakitangan sokongan di Hospital Mersing setanding dengan prestasi kakitangan awam lain di Malaysia. Objektif lain adalah untuk mengenal pasti anggota yang berprestasi tinggi dan rendah dalam organisasi dan menentukan faktor yang mempengaruhi prestasi kerja. Kajian ini adalah pensampelan rentas, retrospektif, mudah digunakan dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari buku perkhidmatan pekerja, Sistem Maklumat Pengurusan Sumber Manusia (HRMIS) dan rekod perubatan kakitangan pada tahun 2016 digunapakai. Hasil kajian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor sosio-demografi dengan prestasi kerja yang jantina, pendapatan bulanan dan tahap pendidikan. Bagaimanapun, tiada hubungan yang signifikan antara etnik, umur, status perkahwinan dan tempoh perkhidmatan. Tiada hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor kesihatan dan faktor pekerjaan dengan prestasi kerja. Dapatan yang diperolehi dari kajian ini boleh digunakan oleh pentadbiran hospital dan penyelia untuk mengambil langkah-langkah bagi memperbaiki tahap prestasi kerja kakitangan dengan sewajarnya di mana ia dapat memberi manfaat kepada individu dan organisasi secara keseluruhan.
Kemahiran persepsi visual adalah penting bagi golongan dewasa untuk menjalankan aktiviti harian mereka seperti membaca, menulis dan memandu. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menentukan kemahiran persepsi visual (bukan motor) dalam kalangan golongan dewasa di Selangor, Malaysia. Seramai 120 subjek dari Selangor yang berumur 20 hingga 59 tahun telah dipilih secara rawak dalam kajian keratan rentas ini. Kajian ini melibatkan pengukuran akuiti visual jauh dan dekat menggunakan carta Snellen dan carta penglihatan dekat Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), ujian saringan kognitif menggunakan soal selidik Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) serta penilaian kemahiran persepsi visual (bukan motor) menggunakan Ujian Kemahiran Persepsi Visual (Bukan Motor)-Revised (TVPS-R). Purata umur subjek ialah 39.41+11.81 tahun. Keputusan menunjukkan purata skor TVPS-R bagi setiap sub-ujian iaitu Visual Discrimination (VD), Visual Memory (VM), Visual-Spatial Relationships (VSR), Visual Form Constancy (VFC), Visual Sequential Memory (VSM), Visual Figure-Ground (VFG) dan Visual Closure (VC) adalah 14.12+1.10, 13.42+1.58, 14.53+1.26, 12.47+1.03, 12.35+2.26, 13.67+1.64 dan 13.73+2.23. Analisis ANOVA menunjukkan skor VD, VM dan VSM dipengaruhi oleh tahap pendidikan (p
Cancer ranks in second place among the cause of death worldwide. Cancer progress in multiple stages of carcinogenesis and metastasis programs through complex pathways. Sex hormones and their receptors are the major factors in promoting cancer progression. Among them, G protein-coupled estrogen receptor-1 (GPER) has shown to mediate cellular signaling pathways and cancer cell proliferation. However, the lack of GPER protein structure limited the search for new modulators. In this study, we curated an extensive database of natural products to discover new potential GPER modulators. We used a combination of virtual screening techniques to generate a homology model of GPER and subsequently used that for the screening of 30,926 natural products from a public database to identify potential active modulators of GPER. The best hits were further screened through the ADMET filter and confirmed by docking analysis. Moreover, molecular dynamics simulations of best hits were also carried out to assess the stability of the ligand-GPER complex. This study predicted several potential GPER modulators with novel scaffolds that could be further investigated and used as the core for the development of novel GPER modulators.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
MeSH terms: Biological Products; Cause of Death; Ligands; Neoplasms; Neoplastic Processes; Receptors, Estrogen; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; GTP-Binding Proteins; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Cell Proliferation; Early Detection of Cancer; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Carcinogenesis
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) acts as the transcription factor and the main therapeutic target against breast cancer. One of the compounds that has been shown to act as an ERα is α-mangostin. However, it still has weaknesses due to its low solubility and low potent activity. In this study, α-mangostin was modified by substituting -OH group at C6 using benzoyl derivatives through a step by step in silico study, namely pharmacokinetic prediction (https://preadmet.bmdrc.kr/adme/), pharmacophore modeling (LigandScout 4.1), molecular docking simulation (AutoDock 4.2), molecular dynamics simulation (AMBER 16) and a binding free energy analysis using MM-PBSA method. From the computational studies, three compounds which are derived from α-mangostin (AMB-1 (-9.84 kcal/mol), AMB-2 (-6.80 kcal/mol) and AMB-10 (-12.42 kcal/mol)) have lower binding free energy than α-mangostin (-1.77 kcal/mol), as evidenced by the binding free energy calculation using the MM-PBSA method. They can then be predicted to have potent activities as ERα antagonists.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Introduction: Epidural analgesia is the most effective method for intra-partum pain relief and most widely applied during childbirth. Various adverse effects of epidural analgesia have been described such as lower rate of sponta- neous vaginal delivery, a higher rate of instrumental vaginal delivery and prolongation of labour, however it remains controversial. The aim of this study to determine the effect of epidural on maternal outcome. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of epidural analgesia on the mothers with epidural and non epidural parturient at Hospital Putrajaya. Methods: Retrospective cohort study was used to collect data through Total Hospital Informa- tion System (THIS) on all delivery cases in Hospital Putrajaya from 1st January to 31st December 2016. A total of 906 mothers was retrospectively investigated in a cohort of 8000 delivery; and was divided into two groups of 453 mothers with epidural analgesia and non-epidural analgesia. Data were analysed using inferential statistics. Results: The mean age in this study was 30.1±4.1 years old with body mass index (BMI) was 28.5±4.5. Univariate analysis demonstrated that epidural group have lower rate of instrumental delivery (34.4%) and caesarean section (30.5%). However, they required more oxytocin used for augmentation (66.4%). The mean duration of first stage of labour was prolong in epidural group (6.0±2.5 hours) compared with non-epidural group (4.3±1.7 hours) while the duration of second stage of labour was also prolong in epidural group (15±19 min) as compared with non-epidural (7±11 min). Conclusion: Epidural analgesia had better maternal outcomes in term of mode of delivery but had adverse effects on duration of labour and oxytocin used.
Introduction: Nursing is an emotionally stressful occupation where nurses themselves are at risk of internalizing negative emotions when caring for patients who are suffering, in pain, anguish, and facing death. Studies indicate an individual`s ability to emotionally express or vent these internalize negative emotions is associated with intrinsic happiness and well-being. Similarly, in the context of UMS, student nurses are at times exposed to overwhelming negative emotions during clinical postings and raise the question to what extent students use emotional expressive- ness to vent such emotions. This study is to assess perceived happiness and emotional expressiveness and determine correlates of these attributes among student nurses in UMS. Methods: This study entails a cross-sectioned design involving 90 (N) participants selected through convenient stratified sampling from 1st year (n=30), 2nd year (n=30) and 3rd year (n=30) student nurses. Ethical clearance for this study was obtained from REC UMS and the respon- dent’s consent. Two validated instruments, the Intrinsic Happiness Index (IHI, with 10 Likert scaled items, α =0.78) and Emotional Expressiveness Scale (EES, 17 Likert scaled item α =0.82) were used in this study. Results: Among 90 nursing students in this study, 81%(n=72) scored high and 19% (n=18) scored low in the happiness index. On emotional expressiveness ratings, 68% scored high with 32% scoring low. Higher happiness index scores correlated positively with high emotional expressive scores. First year students had significantly higher perceived happiness score (p=0.02) and higher emotional expressiveness score (p=0.03) compared to 2nd or 3rd-year students. Conclu- sion: Finding in this study imply that although the majority of student had good emotional disposition, but a small percentage of students have lower perceived happiness and emotional expressiveness, which may affect long term psychological well-being. This paper will discuss some remedial strategies to address the issue.
Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability that can cause significant social, com- munication and behavioral challenges. According to the 2017 survey by the Ministry of Health Malaysia, children between the ages of 18 to 26 months showed ASD occurs approximately 1.6 in1000 children. In Sabah, 400 autistic children had been registered under Sabah Autism Society (SAS). The increasing prevalence of ASD had become a major concern not only to the parents but to the community. A correct understanding and perception about ASD are crucial especially to the nursing profession as they must be able to educate caregiver on how to manage patients with ASD. Methods: This is a quantitative study using a cross-sectional approach. The respondents are all nursing students in Sabah. The type of sampling is purposive, which is using snowball sampling methods. Research instruments were developed and distributed to all nursing colleges in Sabah. Results: A total of 115 students responded. The majority of age is within range of 18–20 years old and female students. Fifty percents (50%) respondents perceived that of autism is a socio-emotional and neuro-developmental disorder with a non-verbal behaviors’ impairment, curable disorder with proper treatment. More than fifty percent (50%) disagree that autistic child does not want friends and equivalent stand on the statement about autistic child can live independently. Ninety five percent (90%) agree that social media plays an important platform to deliver facts about autism, and health care provider remains as a key role to increase the level of awareness to the community. Conclusion: Results of this study revealed that nursing students in Sabah have a good awareness and perception towards autistic disorder. Nursing students in Sabah agree that social media plays a vital part to increase the level of awareness and perception.
MeSH terms: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Adolescent; Adult; Autistic Disorder; Child; Developmental Disabilities; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Infant; Malaysia; Parents; Perception; Surveys and Questionnaires; Students, Nursing; Universities; Prevalence; Caregivers; Friends; Young Adult; Social Media
Introduction: Most nursing students experience stress in nursing-related learning where they have to adapt to differ- ent teaching styles and clinical situations, to meet instructors’ expectations, work independently on learning objec- tives, and manage conflicts.Insome aspects of academic requirementmay be considered as highly stressful. There- fore, nursing students expected to have the ability to integrate emotional intelligence (EI) in their learning process. The aim of this study is to measure the level of EI and stress among UMS nursing students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey designusing purposive sampling methods involving one hundred (100) nursing students. Trait EI Question- naire-Short Form (TEIQue-SF) scale developed by Petrides & Furnham, (2006) and Jones Scoring Instrument: Students Nurse Stress Index (SNSI) scale developed by Jones and Johnston (1999) used to measure EI and stress level. Approval to conduct study obtained from Dean of faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UMS. Results: The data were an- alysed through descriptive method using SPSS for window 21.0. Total EI scores ranging from a low (M=2.41) to high (M=6.53) and Mean value 4.20, (SD + 0.705). Total high EI 62(62%). Total score for SNSI ranging from a low (M=1.5) to a high (M=4.18) and Mean value 2.92, (SD + 0.606). Total low stress 58(58%). Year 2 reported significantly high EI Mean value 4.24, (SD + 0.779) compared to the year 1 Mean value 4.22,(SD + 0.738), and Year 3, Mean value 4.15, (SD + 0.618). Year 1 reported significantly low stress Mean value 2.80, (SD + 0.598) compared to the Year 2, Mean value 2.90, (SD + 0.656), and Year 3, Mean value 3.06, (SD + 0.547). Conclusion: The level of EI was high and Stress level was low. However, attention should be given to nursing students with low EI as well as to nursing students with high levels of stress.
Introduction: Globally, HIV/AIDS has been a growing global threat and one of the major public health challenges. In Malaysia, the number of PLWH is continued to increase year by year. What is of alarming concern is that the prejudices related to HIV/AIDS still exist within the community. Stigma and discrimination towards people living with HIV have been widely documented. It has extended their impact into the workplace and this hinders HIV pre- vention efforts and indirectly affected the national developmentprocesses. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge of HIV/AIDS and the attitude of PLWHA among students in Universiti Malaysia Sabah. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with convenience sampling techniques used. Data were collected among the 300 medical students and non-medical students. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed and comprise of; socio-de- mographic characteristics, items assessing knowledge of HIV/AIDS and attitudes towards PLWHA. Results: The majority of respondents were female (74%) who had never encountered PLWH (76%). The mean score of knowl- edge and attitudes were 4.04±1.12 and 27.18±4.0, respectively. Year 1 male students were found to have more comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS. They were also having a more positive attitude toward PLWH as compared to female students. Conclusion: Stigma and discrimination associated with HIV/AIDS are the most challenges issues- experienced by people suffering from the disease and it has been recognized. It is regarded as a serious threat to the fundamental rights of all infected people who are affected by or associated with this disease. This study highlights the need for better education programs on HIV/AIDS at the undergraduate level in order to increase knowledge of HIV/ AIDS andshape the positive attitude toward PLWH.
MeSH terms: Optimism; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Attitude; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; HIV; Humans; Malaysia; Male; Prejudice; Public Health; Surveys and Questionnaires; Students, Medical; Workplace; Social Stigma
Introduction: Crisis communication is an important skill for healthcare professionals, especially during disaster peri- od including the current 2019-nCoV pandemic. Nevertheless, the skill of crisis communication is not commonly an integral part of Malaysian nursing diploma and degree course. Methods: A half days session on how to communicate in the context of crisis was incorporated into an experiential learning workshop to 25 existing and newly recruited nurses together with 7 other healthcare professionals. The topics of nature of disaster, disease outbreak, preparation for disaster, principles and responsibility of crisis communication, preparing statement for press conference, and corporate communication were covered through brief lecture, round table discussion and tabletop simulations. Real time example of 2019-nCoV crisis communication was used to illustrate the skills required in the situation. Results: All participants confirmed that this was the first exposure to hands-on training on crisis communication and enlightening although majority of them were uncertain that they are capable to perform it during the crisis despite the ongoing 2019-nCoV issue in view of their the position that they are holding. Most nursing curriculums focus on clinical theory and clinical skill competency acquisition without addressing the need of learning how to commu- nicate beyond clinical setting in the situation of disaster and panic, which is mostly learned at job. The limitation included the practice in tabletop simulations might not be immediately translatable into real life practice. Conclu- sion: Regular reinforcement through more workshops and incorporation into disaster may potentially be a solution to improve the competency of healthcare professionals in crisis communication. Further assessment on the practice of the participants in performing crisis communication is needed to ensure the competency level has been achieved and to evaluate the efficiency of the workshop delivery method.
MeSH terms: Clinical Competence; Communication; Curriculum; Delivery of Health Care; Disasters; Hand; Health Personnel; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Problem-Based Learning; Pandemics
Introduction: The healthy, active, and receptive huge student population is potential blood donors to meet safe blood requirements. The study aimed to assess the current level of knowledge regarding blood donation of nursing students of the Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, UMS and to observe their attitude towards voluntary blood donation and to explore their practice as a voluntary blood donor. Methods: This cross-sectional study was con- ducted from July 2015 to June 2018 among one hundred and eight (108) nursing students who were included in this study by simple random sampling. The researchers explained the study design, objectives, and methodology to the selected subjects and obtained written consent from them. The study assessed the current level of knowledge and observed their attitude towards voluntary blood donation and explored their active involvement in donating blood through a validated questionnaire. Results: There were 89 female and 19 male participants in the study. Almost ev- ery student (96%) knew their blood group and most of them were correct about the health status of a blood donor. They had a lack of knowledge regarding the time required for blood donation and the amount of blood collected in each bag. Although most of the students were very favourable to donate blood, only 34% had previous experience of donating blood out of them; only 6% regularly donated voluntarily and on demand. Conclusion: From this finding, it can be recommended that measures for increasing knowledge regarding blood donation should be taken, and that would result in increased blood donation.
MeSH terms: Attitude; Blood Donors; Blood Group Antigens; Cross-Sectional Studies; Faculty; Female; Health Status; Humans; Informed Consent; Male; Medicine; Surveys and Questionnaires; Students, Nursing
Introduction: University-wide healthcare programme are difficult to implement without complete protocols. This paper describes a collaborative academia-nursing programme to design a quick, user-friendly primary care screen- ing toolkit, to be used at community level at each faculty in UMS. Methods: A Primary Care Condition Assessment Questionnaire was designed by family medicine physicians, mental health doctors, and public health physicians. The questionnaire was pilot tested in 2 different faculties. The Primary Care Condition Assessment Questionnaire was manualized, and a one-day intervention training programme was administered. Subsequently 19 nurses and assistant medical officers were trained in the questionnaire administration and given concurrent communication skills and collaborative practice training to operate the questionnaire. Qualitative assessments of abilities to perform common primary health assessments were performed. Results: Trained nurses qualitatively felt they were more con- fident to perform primary care screening of common healthcare conditions and were able to deliver advice and refer screen-positive individuals to appropriate referral pathways. Conclusion: Public health programmes like HUMS2U put healthcare into the hands of nurses, allowing task-shifting to adequately trained non-specialist professions, and empowers nurses in basic non-communicable disease training and management. Further research will be performed to assess efficacy of the programme at all 23 faculties and departments of the university.
MeSH terms: Communication; Delivery of Health Care; Faculty; Family Practice; Hand; Humans; Mental Health; Primary Health Care; Public Health; Surveys and Questionnaires; Referral and Consultation; Universities; General Practitioners
Introduction: Phlebitis may localise to the insertion site or travel along the vein. The risk of phlebitis is higher in children as they have thin and weak blood vessels and move continuously due to the pain associated with insertion. Therefore, regular assessment of the risk of developing phlebitis is crucial. This review aimed to identify infusion phlebitis assessment tool used in the paediatric setting. Methods: Electronic databases used were Scopus, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. A total of ten studies which assess the development of infusion phlebitis on hos- pitalised children included in this reviewed. Study findings were discussed and concluded with a recommendation for clinical practice and future studies. Results: Phlebitis development rate was the primary outcome measures in ten studies. Of ten studies, six provided no actual definition of phlebitis. Eight reported phlebitis incidence and/or severity, eight used a scale and two used a definition alone in assessing the development of phlebitis. This review identified five different phlebitis assessment scales. Conclusion: Although there are applicable phlebitis scales can be used for paediatric setting, Limited studies have been conducted on infusion phlebitis assessment method in chil- dren. Therefore, it is suggested that more studies and vigorous test needed to identify applicable assessment tools in paediatric setting.
Introduction: During resuscitation efforts, patients’ families are routinely barred from the resuscitation area. Even there is an increased in demand from the family members requesting to be present during resuscitation of their loved one, health care providers not always offer the option for family presence. The major concerns of health care providers who are opposed to family presence during resuscitation (FPDR) were fear of psychological trauma to family members who witnessed the resuscitation. This study aimed to examine the critical care nurses’ perception and attitudes towards the presence of patients’ family members during resuscitation in adult critical care units. Methods: Study papers included were narrowed to primary study, published within 2003-2014, describing nurses’ perceptions and attitudes on an adult inpatient family witnessed resuscitation in critical care units. Results: Seven studies included, and four main themes emerged mainly samples population, nurses’ experiences of FPDR, nurses’ responses toward FPDR and factor predicting nurses’ attitudes toward FPDR. 20% - 42.2% of nurses had experienced FPDR. Only 4% - 6% of study participants working in hospital with established policy and 95% - 100% had not invited family members to witnessed resuscitation. Nurses would consider the option if family members are accompanied by trained staff. Nurses concern included difficult to concentrate, negatively affecting their per- formance, increased rate of legal action, inadequate staff and limited space. Concerns on family members included too distressing event, negative psychological impact argue and interfere with staff. Concerns on patient would be breach of confidentiality. Conclusion: Adult critical care nurses demonstrated negative perceptions and attitudes towards FPDR. Study participants in this review are not familiar with the concept of FPDR. There is a need for policy development and education on FPDR.
Introduction: Antenatal knowledge is associated with positive outcome for pregnant women as it provides infor- mation to allow them to identify any problems during pregnancy. Studies have underlined the problems of the information overload is possible during an antenatal class, it is unclear to what extend information given during an- tenatal class are retain by mother, thus the need for this study. Methods: This is a quasi-pre-post experimental study involving 82 participants. Baseline pre and post knowledge on antenatal class was evaluated among respondents using validate questionnaires. T-test was used to determine the relationship between various socio-demographic factors and knowledge of respondents. Results: Chi-square test used to test pre and post knowledge score. There was a significant increase in the difference between before and after antenatal classes run against the knowledge. In addition, the study found no significant difference for participants who are professional and non-professional and level of education. Conclusion: This study concludes thatthe antenatal classes run in HCTM shows a positive im- pact in improving maternal care during pregnancy, childbirth and care after birth. It is best to suggest that to increase promotion and information regarding antenatal classes so that pregnant women and couple could attend and get the benefit from the class.
MeSH terms: Demography; Educational Status; Female; Humans; Maternal Health Services; Mothers; Pregnancy; Surveys and Questionnaires; Chi-Square Distribution; Parturition; Delivery, Obstetric; Pregnant Women
Introduction: Insulin therapy is one of the prominent treatment methods to regulate the glucose level in blood. However, there are certain patients who refuse to even begin the insulin therapy. It is importance to identify patients’ perception and their acceptance of insulin therapy. Purpose of this study is to determine the perception of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus towards insulin therapy. and to identify the differences in perception based on the respondents’ age, gender, occupations and educational level. Methods: This is a quantitative descriptive study and was done in one of diabetic clinic in Kota Kinabalu, involving 50 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and was not on insulin therapy. Participants were recruited via purposive convenience sampling. Questionnaires were used as research instrument. Results: Majority of the participants (80%) have negative perceptions towards insulin ther- apy and 84% refused insulin therapy because it would interfere with their working time and routine. Acceptance of insulin therapy among the female patients (Mean = 3.0) was better than the male patients (Mean = 2.8). Patients with high educational level were more positive in accepting insulin therapy (SM > 0.5). Age and occupation factor were categorized as the strong influential factors (SM < 0.5) in determining the patients’ perception towards insulin therapy. The significant mean (mean ± SD) for gender and educational factor showed more than 0.5 hence suggests positive perception in accepting insulin therapy. While, the significant mean (mean ± SD) for age and occupation factor showed less than 0.5 thus suggests negative perception in accepting insulin therapy. Conclusion: Participants have negative perceptions towards insulin therapy and these negative perceptions may possibly deter them from receiving insulin therapy. Appropriate health education and counselling is necessary to help them change their neg- ative perceptions.
MeSH terms: Counseling; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Educational Status; Female; Glucose; Health Education; Humans; Insulin; Male; Occupations; Perception; Surveys and Questionnaires; Insulin, Regular, Human
Introduction: Nursing is a regulated profession. Hence, the global commitment for nurses to maintain standards of practice is vital to deliver safe and competent care. Written policies will eliminate uncertainty, ambiguity, and legal issues. For this study, it focused on the importance of the nursing students to understand and practice the regulation on patient’s confidentiality in healthcare setting with the usage of technology such as social media. There is a case like nursing student infringe the privacy of patients with the information they posted on social media, such as posting a patient’s photos or videos without valid consent. Methods: This study is a quantitative, cross-sectional survey de- sign. The respondents were selected as convenience sampling of 120 nursing students from the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (FMHS, UMS). Results: There are 7.4% nursing students intention- ally posted in social media, 18.0% maybe and 73.8% unintentionally. And for their guilty feeling after committing confidentially policy breach on patient, there are 8.2% said NO, 32.8% said MAYBE and 59% said YES. Overall, the nursing students are aware of the patient’s confidentiality but there is still a leakage in practicing full nursing standards and regulation. Further study recommended to explore more on this issue. Conclusion: As a conclusion, this study is relevant to conduct among the nursing students to gain their understanding regarding the responsibilities as a future nurse in maintaining the patient’s confidentiality as one of the most important nursing practices to ensure quality of care and continuation of professional service of nursing profession.
MeSH terms: Confidentiality; Cross-Sectional Studies; Delivery of Health Care; Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate; Faculty; Humans; Informed Consent; Longitudinal Studies; Malaysia; Medicine; Surveys and Questionnaires; Reference Standards; Students, Nursing; Technology; Privacy; Intention; Uncertainty; Policy; Social Media
Introduction: In clinical settings, nurses are often the first to be called upon to perform ECG procedures and as such, it is imperative nurses can interpret and immediately report basic anomalies in electrocardiograms. In Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), although student nurses are taught ECG both in theory and hands-on learning through sim- ulation, there is no study examining the extent of student’s knowledge-skill retention regarding ECG. This study is to determine the learning attitude, level of knowledge and skill retention on electrocardiography among student nurses in UMS. Methods: A study entails a descriptive cross-sectional design. Nonprobability purposive sampling was used, where 100 (N) nursing students (2nd year n=50, 3rd-year n= 50) with selection criteria of respondents with prior learning on ECG were recruited for the study. A validated questionnaire (Cronbach α=0.81) benchmarked from a previous study was used to assessed learning attitude, level of knowledge and practice (skills) regarding ECG. Results: 85% (n=80) of the student nurses in this study had good to fair level knowledge and 15% (n=15) scored poor level of knowledge regarding ECG. With regards to practice competency, 87% (n=87) had fair to good level and 13% (n=13) scored poor skill level regarding ECG. Learning attitude towards ECG was positive among 88% (n=88) with 12% having a negative stance on readiness towards learning ECG. Sub-analyses showed a strong positive correlation between knowledge on ECG and practice (r=0.64). Conclusion: There is fair to good learning attitude, knowledge, and practice competency regarding ECG among the majority of nursing students in this study but a small cohort of students in this study have competency deficit regarding ECG. The deficit may compromise their ability to report critical anomalies present in patient electrocardiograms and there is a need to address this knowledge- practice gap.
MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies; Electrocardiography; Hand; Humans; Malaysia; Surveys and Questionnaires; Students, Nursing; Cohort Studies; Patient Selection; Professional Practice Gaps