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Global Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Cerebral Venous Thrombosis and Mortality

Nguyen TN 1 , Qureshi MM 2 , Klein P 1 , Yamagami H 3 , Abdalkader M 2 , Mikulik R 4 Show all authors , Sathya A 1 , Mansour OY 5 , Czlonkowska A 6 , Lo H 1 , Field TS 7 , Charidimou A 1 , Banerjee S 8 , Yaghi S 9 , Siegler JE 10 , Sedova P 4 , Kwan J 8 , de Sousa DA 11 , Demeestere J 12 , Inoa V 13 , Omran SS 14 , Zhang L 15 , Michel P 16 , Strambo D 16 , Marto JP 17 , Nogueira RG 18 , SVIN COVID-19 Global COVID Stroke Registry , Kristoffersen ES 19 , Tsivgoulis G 20 , Lereis VP 21 , Ma A 22 , Enzinger C 23 , Gattringer T 24 , Rahman A 25 , Bonnet T 26 , Ligot N 26 , De Raedt S 27 , Lemmens R 12 , Vanacker P 28 , Vandervorst F 27 , Conforto AB 29 , Hidalgo RCT 30 , Mora Cuervo DL 31 , de Oliveira Neves L 32 , Lameirinhas da Silva I 29 , Martíns RT 33 , Rebello LC 34 , Santiago IB 32 , Sakelarova T 35 , Kalpachki R 35 , Alexiev F 35 , Cora EA 36 , Kelly ME 37 , Peeling L 37 , Pikula A 38 , Chen HS 39 , Chen Y 40 , Yang S 40 , Roje Bedekovic M 41 , Čabal M 42 , Tenora D 43 , Fibrich P 44 , Dušek P 45 , Hlaváčová H 46 , Hrabanovska E 47 , Jurák L 48 , Kadlčíková J 49 , Karpowicz I 50 , Klečka L 51 , Kovář M 52 , Neumann J 53 , Paloušková H 54 , Reiser M 55 , Rohan V 56 , Šimůnek L 57 , Skoda O 58 , Škorňa M 59 , Šrámek M 60 , Drenck N 61 , Sobh K 62 , Lesaine E 63 , Sabben C 64 , Reiner P 65 , Rouanet F 66 , Strbian D 67 , Boskamp S 68 , Mbroh J 69 , Nagel S 70 , Rosenkranz M 68 , Poli S 69 , Thomalla G 71 , Karapanayiotides T 72 , Koutroulou I 72 , Kargiotis O 73 , Palaiodimou L 20 , Barrientos Guerra JD 74 , Huded V 75 , Nagendra S 76 , Prajapati C 75 , Sylaja PN 77 , Sani AF 78 , Ghoreishi A 79 , Farhoudi M 80 , Sadeghi Hokmabadi E 80 , Hashemilar M 81 , Sabetay SI 82 , Rahal F 83 , Acampa M 84 , Adami A 85 , Longoni M 86 , Ornello R 87 , Renieri L 88 , Romoli M 89 , Sacco S 87 , Salmaggi A 90 , Sangalli D 90 , Zini A 91 , Sakai K 92 , Fukuda H 93 , Fujita K 94 , Imamura H 95 , Kosuke M 96 , Sakaguchi M 97 , Sonoda K 98 , Matsumaru Y 99 , Ohara N 100 , Shindo S 101 , Takenobu Y 102 , Yoshimoto T 103 , Toyoda K 104 , Uwatoko T 105 , Sakai N 95 , Yamamoto N 106 , Yamamoto R 107 , Yazawa Y 108 , Sugiura Y 109 , Baek JH 110 , Lee SB 111 , Seo KD 112 , Sohn SI 113 , Lee JS 114 , Arsovska AA 115 , Chieh CY 116 , Wan Zaidi WA 117 , Wan Yahya WNN 118 , Gongora-Rivera F 119 , Martinez-Marino M 120 , Infante-Valenzuela A 119 , Dippel D 121 , van Dam-Nolen DHK 122 , Wu TY 123 , Punter M 124 , Adebayo TT 125 , Bello AH 126 , Sunmonu TA 127 , Wahab KW 126 , Sundseth A 19 , Al Hashmi AM 128 , Ahmad S 129 , Rashid U 129 , Rodriguez-Kadota L 130 , Vences MÁ 130 , Yalung PM 131 , Dy JSH 131 , Brola W 132 , Dębiec A 133 , Dorobek M 134 , Karlinski MA 6 , Labuz-Roszak BM 135 , Lasek-Bal A 136 , Sienkiewicz-Jarosz H 137 , Staszewski J 138 , Sobolewski P 139 , Wiącek M 140 , Zielinska-Turek J 134 , Araújo AP 141 , Rocha M 142 , Castro P 143 , Ferreira P 144 , Nunes AP 144 , Fonseca L 145 , Pinho E Melo T 146 , Rodrigues M 147 , Silva ML 148 , Ciopleias B 149 , Dimitriade A 150 , Falup-Pecurariu C 151 , Hamid MA 152 , Venketasubramanian N 153 , Krastev G 154 , Haring J 154 , Ayo-Martin O 155 , Hernandez-Fernandez F 155 , Blasco J 156 , Rodríguez-Vázquez A 157 , Cruz-Culebras A 158 , Moniche F 159 , Montaner J 160 , Perez-Sanchez S 160 , García Sánchez MJ 161 , Guillán Rodríguez M 162 , Bernava G 163 , Bolognese M 164 , Carrera E 165 , Churojana A 166 , Aykac O 167 , Özdemir AÖ 167 , Bajrami A 168 , Senadim S 168 , Hussain SI 169 , John S 169 , Krishnan K 170 , Lenthall R 171 , Asif KS 172 , Below K 173 , Biller J 174 , Chen M 175 , Chebl A 176 , Colasurdo M 177 , Czap A 178 , de Havenon AH 179 , Dharmadhikari S 180 , Eskey CJ 181 , Farooqui M 182 , Feske SK 183 , Goyal N 13 , Grimmett KB 180 , Guzik AK 184 , Haussen DC 185 , Hovingh M 186 , Jillela D 185 , Kan PT 187 , Khatri R 188 , Khoury NN 189 , Kiley NL 2 , Kolikonda MK 190 , Lara S 191 , Li G 192 , Linfante I 193 , Loochtan AI 194 , Lopez CD 195 , Lycan S 184 , Male SS 196 , Nahab F 197 , Maali L 198 , Masoud HE 199 , Min J 186 , Orgeta-Gutierrez S 200 , Mohamed GA 176 , Mohammaden M 201 , Nalleballe K 202 , Radaideh Y 175 , Ramakrishnan P 203 , Rayo-Taranto B 204 , Rojas-Soto DM 181 , Ruland S 174 , Simpkins AN 205 , Sheth SA 178 , Starosciak AK 206 , Tarlov NE 191 , Taylor RA 204 , Voetsch B 207 , Zhang L 208 , Duong HQ 209 , Dao VP 210 , Le HV 211 , Pham TN 209 , Ton MD 210 , Tran AD 211 , Zaidat OO 173 , Machi P 212 , Dirren E 212 , Rodríguez Fernández C 161 , Escartín López J 161 , Fernández Ferro JC 161 , Mohammadzadeh N 213 , Suryadevara NC 214 , de la Cruz Fernández B 215 , Bessa F 216 , Jancar N 216 , Brady M 217 , Scozzari D 217

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Neurology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
  • 2 Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
  • 3 Department of Stroke Neurology, National Hospital Organization, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
  • 4 Department of Neurology, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
  • 5 Department of Neurology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
  • 6 2nd Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
  • 7 Division of Neurology, Dept. Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
  • 8 Department of Stroke Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
  • 9 Department of Neurology, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
  • 10 Department of Neurology, Cooper University, Camden, NJ, USA
  • 11 Department of Neurology, Hospital de Santa Maria, North Lisbon University Hospital Center (CHULN), Lisbon, Portugal
  • 12 Neurology Department, Leuven University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
  • 13 Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
  • 14 Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
  • 15 Department of Neurology St George's University Hospital, London, UK
  • 16 Department of Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
  • 17 Department of Neurology, Egas Moniz Hospital, West Lisbon Hospital Center (CHLO), Lisbon, Portugal
  • 18 Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
  • 19 Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo, Lørenskog, Norway
  • 20 Second Department of Neurology, "Attikon" University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
  • 21 Division de Neurologia Vascular, Departmento de Neurologia, Institute for Neurological Research - FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • 22 Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
  • 23 Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
  • 24 Department of Neurology and Division of Neuroradiology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
  • 25 Department of Neurology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Mitford, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • 26 Hopital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
  • 27 Department of Neurology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Center for Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
  • 28 Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
  • 29 Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo University, São Paulo , Brazil
  • 30 Department of Neurology and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 31 Moinhos de Vento Hospital, Brazil, Porto Alegre, Brazil
  • 32 Hospital São Carlos, Brazil, Fortaleza, Brazil
  • 33 Stroke Unit, Neurology, Nossa Senhora da Conceição Hospital, Porto Alegre, Brazil
  • 34 Hospital de Base do Distrito Federal, Brasilia, Brazil
  • 35 St. Anna University Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
  • 36 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Halifax Infirmary, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
  • 37 Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, Canada
  • 38 Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
  • 39 Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shen Yang, China
  • 40 Department of Neurology, Foshan Sanshui District People's Hospital, Foshan, China
  • 41 Department of Neurology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia
  • 42 Department of Neurology, Faculty Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
  • 43 Department of Neurology, Blansko Hospital, Czech Republic, Blansko, Czech Republic
  • 44 Oblastní nemocnice Trutnov a.s., Trutnov, Czech Republic
  • 45 Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
  • 46 Neurology, Hospital Příbram, Příbram, Czech Republic
  • 47 Uherskohradišťská Hospital, Uherské Hradiště, Czech Republic
  • 48 Neurocenter, Regional Hospital Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
  • 49 Neurology, Hospital Vyskov, Vyskov, Czech Republic
  • 50 Regional Hospital Karlovy Vary, Karlovy Vary, Czech Republic
  • 51 Municipal Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
  • 52 Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
  • 53 Department of Neurology, Krajská zdravotní-Hospital Chomutov, Chomutov, Czech Republic
  • 54 Karvina Mining Hospital, Czech Republic, Karvina, Czech Republic
  • 55 Neurology, České Budejovice Hospital, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
  • 56 Department of Neurology, University Hospital Plzen, Plzen, Czech Republic
  • 57 Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Stroke Center, Charles University Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
  • 58 Department of Neurology, Hospital Jihlava, Jihlava, Czech Republic
  • 59 Department of Neurology, Masaryk University Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
  • 60 Central Military Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
  • 61 Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • 62 El hussein Alzahar University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
  • 63 Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, CIC-EC 14-01, Bordeaux, France
  • 64 Department of Neurology, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
  • 65 Lariboisiere Hospital, Paris, France
  • 66 Bordeaux University Hospital Neurology, Stroke Unit, Bordeaux, France
  • 67 Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
  • 68 Department of Neurology, Albertinen Krankenhaus, Hamburg, Germany
  • 69 Department of Neurology & Stroke, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
  • 70 Department of Neurology, Klinikum Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen/Rhein, Germany
  • 71 Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Hamburg, Germany
  • 72 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Thessaloniki, Greece
  • 73 Stroke Unit, Metropolitan Hospital, Piraeus, Greece
  • 74 Hospital General San Juan de Dios, Guatemala City, Guatemala
  • 75 Mazumdar Shaw Medical Center, Bangalore, India
  • 76 Department of Neurology, Grant Medical College and Sir JJ Hospital, Mumbai, India
  • 77 Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Kerala, India
  • 78 Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
  • 79 Department of Neurology, Vali-e-Asr Hospital, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
  • 80 Neurosciences Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  • 81 Neurosciences Research Center, Razi Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  • 82 Neurology Department, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
  • 83 Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
  • 84 Stroke Unit, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
  • 85 Stroke Center IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, Verona, Italy
  • 86 Neurology and Stroke Unit, Ospedale Bufalini, Cesena, Italy
  • 87 Neuroscience Section, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
  • 88 Interventional Neurovascular Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
  • 89 Neurology and Stroke Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy
  • 90 Neurological Department, "Alessandro Manzoni" Hospital, ASST Lecco, Via dell'Eremo 9/11, Lecco, Italy
  • 91 IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Neurologia e Rete Stroke Metropolitana, Bologna, Italy
  • 92 Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
  • 93 Department of Neurology, Japanese Red Cross Matsue Hospital, Matsue, Japan
  • 94 Department of Endovascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
  • 95 Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
  • 96 Shiroyama Hospital, Shiroyama, Japan
  • 97 Department of Neurology, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
  • 98 Department of Neurology, Saiseikai Fukuoka General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
  • 99 Department of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tskukuba, Japan
  • 100 Department of Neurology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe City, Japan
  • 101 Department of Neurology, Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
  • 102 Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
  • 103 Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
  • 104 Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
  • 105 Cerebrovascular Medicine, Stroke Center, Saga Medical Centre Koseikan, Saga, Japan
  • 106 Advanced Brain Research, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
  • 107 Yokohama Brain and Spine Center, Yokohama, Japan
  • 108 Department of Stroke Neurology, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan
  • 109 Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Toyonaka, Japan
  • 110 Department of Neurology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
  • 111 Department of Neurology, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, South Korea
  • 112 Department of Neurology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
  • 113 Department of Neurology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
  • 114 Department of Neurology, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou, South Korea
  • 115 Department of Urgent Neurology, University Clinic of Neurology, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius-Faculty of Medicine, Skopje, North Macedonia
  • 116 Hospital Sultan Abdul Halim, Sungai Petani, Malaysia
  • 117 Department of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 118 Department of Medicine, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 119 Neurovascular Unit and Neurology Department, University Hospital Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
  • 120 Department of Neurology, Hospital de especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
  • 121 Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
  • 122 Department of Neurology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
  • 123 Department of Neurology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
  • 124 Wellington Regional Hospital, Capital and Coast District Health Board, Wellington, New Zealand
  • 125 Department of Medical Records, Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Nigeria
  • 126 Neurology Unit, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
  • 127 Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre Owerri, Neurology Unit, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Nigeria
  • 128 Central Stroke Unit, Neuroscience Directorate, Khoula Hospital, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
  • 129 Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
  • 130 Departamento de Neurología, Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Essalud, Lima, Peru
  • 131 St. Luke's Medical Center, Global City, Philippines
  • 132 Department of Neurology, Specialist Hospital Konskie, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
  • 133 Clinic of Neurology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
  • 134 Department of Neurology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
  • 135 Department of Neurology, St. Jadwiga Provincial Specialist Hospital in Opole, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
  • 136 Department of Neurology, Leszek Giec Upper Silesian Medical Centre of the Silesian Medical University in Katowice, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
  • 137 1st Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
  • 138 Clinic of Neurology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szasero 128, Warsaw, Poland
  • 139 Department of Neurology in Sandomierz, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Sandomierz, Poland
  • 140 Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland
  • 141 Neuroradiology Department - Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
  • 142 Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
  • 143 Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
  • 144 Stroke Unit, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
  • 145 Stroke Unit, Medicine Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
  • 146 Hospital de Santa Maria - Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
  • 147 Department of Neurology, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal
  • 148 Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
  • 149 County Emergency Clinic Hospital Brasov, Brasov, Romania
  • 150 Bucharest University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
  • 151 Department of Neurology, County Clinic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University, Brasov, Romania
  • 152 Department of Neurology King Fahad Hospital of the University Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  • 153 Raffles Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
  • 154 Department of Neurology, Faculty Hospital Trnava, Trnava, Slovakia
  • 155 Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain
  • 156 Interventional Neuroradiology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
  • 157 Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
  • 158 Department of Neurology (Unidad de Ictus), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
  • 159 Stroke Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
  • 160 Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena , Seville, Spain
  • 161 Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
  • 162 Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
  • 163 Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
  • 164 Neurocenter, Cantonal Hospital of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
  • 165 Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
  • 166 Department of Radiology, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • 167 Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
  • 168 Istanbul Aydın University, Florya Medicalpark Stroke Center, Istanbul, Turkey
  • 169 Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arabe Emirates
  • 170 Stroke, Department of Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
  • 171 Neuroradiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
  • 172 Amita Health and University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, United States
  • 173 Neuroscience and Stroke Program, Bon Secours Mercy Health St Vincent Hospital, Toledo, United States
  • 174 Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, United States
  • 175 Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, United States
  • 176 Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, United States
  • 177 Department of Radiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, United States
  • 178 Neurology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, United States
  • 179 University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
  • 180 Baptist Health Medical Center - Little Rock, Little Rock, United States
  • 181 Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, United States
  • 182 University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States
  • 183 Neurology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, USA
  • 184 Department of Neurology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, United States
  • 185 Department of Neurology, Grady Memorial Hospital, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States
  • 186 Department of Neurosciences and Comprehensive Stroke Center, Spectrum Health and Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, United States
  • 187 Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, United States
  • 188 Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, United States
  • 189 HSHS St. John's Hospital, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, United States
  • 190 Baptist Health Medical Group, Baptist Health Lexington, Lexington, United States
  • 191 Community Memorial Hospital, Ventura, United States
  • 192 University of Florida, Gainesfille, United States
  • 193 Miami Cardiac & Vascular Institute, Miami Neuroscience Institute, Miami, United States
  • 194 Ohio Health Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, United States
  • 195 SUNY Upstate New York, Syracuse, United States
  • 196 Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Vidant Medical Center, Greenville, United States
  • 197 Department of Neurology, Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, United States
  • 198 Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States
  • 199 Department of Neurology, SUNY Upstate, Syracuse, United States
  • 200 University of Iowa, Iowa, USA, Iowa City, United States
  • 201 Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States
  • 202 Department of Neurology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
  • 203 Riverside Regional Medical Center, Newport News, United States
  • 204 Santa Barbara Cottage Hospital, Santa Barbara, United States
  • 205 Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
  • 206 Miami Neuroscience Institute, Miami, United States
  • 207 Department of Neurology, Lahey Health, Burlington, United States
  • 208 Department of Neurology, Cooper Neurological Institute, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, USA
  • 209 Da Nang Hospital, Da Nang, Vietnam
  • 210 Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
  • 211 Hue Central, Hue, Vietnam
  • 212 Geneva
  • 213 Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  • 214 SUNY Upstate, New York, USA
  • 215 Hospital Universitario rey Juan Carlos, Spain
  • 216 Hospital de Santa Maria - Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Portugal
  • 217 Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
J Stroke, 2022 May;24(2):256-265.
PMID: 35677980 DOI: 10.5853/jos.2022.00752

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recent studies suggested an increased incidence of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We evaluated the volume of CVT hospitalization and in-hospital mortality during the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the preceding year.

METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective study of 171 stroke centers from 49 countries. We recorded COVID-19 admission volumes, CVT hospitalization, and CVT in-hospital mortality from January 1, 2019, to May 31, 2021. CVT diagnoses were identified by International Classification of Disease-10 (ICD-10) codes or stroke databases. We additionally sought to compare the same metrics in the first 5 months of 2021 compared to the corresponding months in 2019 and 2020 (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04934020).

RESULTS: There were 2,313 CVT admissions across the 1-year pre-pandemic (2019) and pandemic year (2020); no differences in CVT volume or CVT mortality were observed. During the first 5 months of 2021, there was an increase in CVT volumes compared to 2019 (27.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 24.2 to 32.0; P<0.0001) and 2020 (41.4%; 95% CI, 37.0 to 46.0; P<0.0001). A COVID-19 diagnosis was present in 7.6% (132/1,738) of CVT hospitalizations. CVT was present in 0.04% (103/292,080) of COVID-19 hospitalizations. During the first pandemic year, CVT mortality was higher in patients who were COVID positive compared to COVID negative patients (8/53 [15.0%] vs. 41/910 [4.5%], P=0.004). There was an increase in CVT mortality during the first 5 months of pandemic years 2020 and 2021 compared to the first 5 months of the pre-pandemic year 2019 (2019 vs. 2020: 2.26% vs. 4.74%, P=0.05; 2019 vs. 2021: 2.26% vs. 4.99%, P=0.03). In the first 5 months of 2021, there were 26 cases of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT), resulting in six deaths.

CONCLUSIONS: During the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic, CVT hospitalization volume and CVT in-hospital mortality did not change compared to the prior year. COVID-19 diagnosis was associated with higher CVT in-hospital mortality. During the first 5 months of 2021, there was an increase in CVT hospitalization volume and increase in CVT-related mortality, partially attributable to VITT.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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