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Relationship between tear film stability, dry eye symptoms, and night driving vision among Malaysian adults

Woi PJ 1 , Pathmanathan P 1 , Sieh SYH 1 , Abd Rahman MH 2 , Abdul Mutalib H 1 , Bhandari M 3 Show all authors , Nordin N 1 , Wan Din WMH 1

Affiliations 

  • 1 Optometry and Vision Science Program, Center for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 2 Optometry and Vision Science Program, Center for Rehabilitation & Special Needs Studies (iCaRehab), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 3 School of Optometry, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
PLoS One, 2025;20(3):e0320223.
PMID: 40138276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0320223

Abstract

Background Dry eye disease, a prevalent condition globally, affects the quality of the tear film and, subsequently, vision, especially during visually demanding tasks like driving at night. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between tear film stability, dry eye symptoms, and self-reported difficulties in night driving among Malaysian adults.

METHODS: Ninety participants aged 18-40 years with at least one year of night driving experience were recruited. Tear film stability was assessed using non-invasive tear break-up time (NIBUT), while dry eye symptoms were measured with the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Night driving vision difficulties were evaluated using the Vision and Night Driving Questionnaire (VND-Q).

RESULTS: Participants with shorter NIBUT (mean =  3.95 ±  1.32 s; median =  3.97 s, IQR: 2.87-5.03 s) reported significantly greater difficulties in night driving compared to those with normal NIBUT (mean =  9.80 ±  3.86 s; median =  8.23 s, IQR: 6.90-11.70 s) (p

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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