Introduction Prolonged mechanical ventilation among cardiac surgery patient has been
found to be correlated with negative clinical outcome and increased
healthcare resources utilization. Prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV)
was defined as the accumulative duration of 24 hours or more of
postoperative endotracheal intubation starting from transfer of the patient to
cardiac ICU. This study is aimed to identify the risk factors preoperative,
intra operative and postoperative for prolonged ventilation among cardiac
patients in AL-Thawra Modern General Hospital (TMGH).
Methods Observational study design was conducted during a two-month period (from
1 August 2014 to 30 September 2014). It was among 70 patients who were
admitted to cardiac surgery intensive care unit in Al-Thawra Modern General
Hospital and selected by convenient sampling. The soci-demographic
characteristic and clinical patient data were collected using short
questionnaire developed by researcher. All patients had the same anesthetic
and postoperative management. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS
version 20 and using bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression.
The p-value of < 0.05 was found to be statistically significant.
Results Incidence of prolonged mechanical ventilator post cardiac surgery was 37.1%
(26/70) through bivariate analysis, multivariate logistic regression. Low
Ejection fraction of Left Ventricle was inversely related to mechanical
ventilation time (AOR= 0.872) with 95% confidence interval [0.790 - 0.963],
hemodynamic instability were associated with prolonged mechanical
ventilation time (AOR=16.35) with 95% confidence interval [2.558 -
104.556].
Conclusion Low ejection fraction of Left Ventricle and Hemodynamic Instability post
operation were identified risk factors for prolonged mechanical ventilation
post cardiac surgery.