Affiliations 

  • 1 Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. awasthi02@gmail.com
  • 2 Centre of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • 3 NKBR College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • 4 Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 5 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India
  • 6 School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
Adv Exp Med Biol, 2018 9 28;1087:3-14.
PMID: 30259353 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-1426-1_1

Abstract

Circular RNAs (cirRNAs) are long, noncoding endogenous RNA molecules and covalently closed continuous loop without 5'-3' polarity and polyadenylated tail which are largely concentrated in the nucleus. CirRNA regulates gene expression by modulating microRNAs and functions as potential biomarker. CirRNAs can translate in vivo to link between their expression and disease. They are resistant to RNA exonuclease and can convert to the linear RNA by microRNA which can then act as competitor to endogenous RNA. This chapter summarizes the evolutionary conservation and expression of cirRNAs, their identification, highlighting various computational approaches on cirRNA, and translation with a focus on the breakthroughs and the challenges in this new field.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.