This study assessed the effects of progressive resistance exercise programmes on self-reported health related quality of life, body composition and muscle strength among patients with HIV. Twenty-nine men with HIV were randomly assigned to progressive resistance exercise programme using elastic band (PRE group) (n=14) or resistance exercise programme without elastic band (comparative group) (n=15). Both groups underwent exercise programmes for 12 weeks. Selfreported health related quality of life, body compositions and isometric shoulder lift strength were assessed at baseline and at week 12. Ten and nine men in the intervention and comparative groups, respectively, completed the 12-week programme. Participants in the comparative group showed significant improvements in the domain of mental health (p<0.05). No significant changes in all body composition parameters were found in both groups with time. Both groups showed significant improvements in peak and average shoulder lift strength (intervention, p=0.001; p=0.001; control, p=0.008; p=0.016). Progressive resistance exercise programmes significantly improves shoulder lift strength, showed positive effects on self-reported health related quality of life scores among patients with HIV.