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Influence of Sintering Temperature of Kaolin, Slag, and Fly Ash Geopolymers on the Microstructure, Phase Analysis, and Electrical Conductivity

Zulkifli NNI 1 , Abdullah MMAB 1 , Przybył A 2 , Pietrusiewicz P 2 , Salleh MAAM 1 , Aziz IH 1 Show all authors , Kwiatkowski D 3 , Gacek M 2 , Gucwa M 3 , Chaiprapa J 4

Affiliations 

  • 1 Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, University Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis 01000, Malaysia
  • 2 Department of Physics, Częstochowa University of Technology, Dabrowskiego 69, 42-201 Częstochowa, Poland
  • 3 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Częstochowa University of Technology, Dabrowskiego 69, 42-201 Częstochowa, Poland
  • 4 Synchrotron Light Research Institute, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
Materials (Basel), 2021 Apr 26;14(9).
PMID: 33925777 DOI: 10.3390/ma14092213

Abstract

This paper clarified the microstructural element distribution and electrical conductivity changes of kaolin, fly ash, and slag geopolymer at 900 °C. The surface microstructure analysis showed the development in surface densification within the geopolymer when in contact with sintering temperature. It was found that the electrical conductivity was majorly influenced by the existence of the crystalline phase within the geopolymer sample. The highest electrical conductivity (8.3 × 10-4 Ωm-1) was delivered by slag geopolymer due to the crystalline mineral of gehlenite (3Ca2Al2SiO7). Using synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence, the high concentration Ca boundaries revealed the appearance of gehlenite crystallisation, which was believed to contribute to development of denser microstructure and electrical conductivity.

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