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Consensus Recommendations by the Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology: Optimising Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Tan JWC 1 , Sim D 1 , Ako J 2 , Almahmeed W 3 , Cooper ME 4 , Dalal JJ 5 Show all authors , Deerochanawong C 6 , Huang DWC 7 , Johar S 8 , Kaul U 9 , Kim SG 10 , Koh N 1 , Kong AP 11 , Krittayaphong R 12 , Kwok B 13 , Matawaran BJ 14 , Nguyen QN 15 , Ong LM 16 , Park JJ 17 , Peng Y 18 , Quek DK 19 , Suastika K 20 , Sukor N 21 , Teo BW 22 , Teoh CK 23 , Zhang J 24 , Reyes EB 25 , Goh SY 26

Affiliations 

  • 1 National Heart Centre Singapore
  • 2 Kitasato University and Hospital Tokyo, Japan
  • 3 Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
  • 4 Monash University Melbourne, Australia
  • 5 Cardiac Sciences, Kokilaben Hospital Mumbai, India
  • 6 Rajavithi Hospital, Rangsit Medical School Thailand
  • 7 Department of Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital Kaohsiung, Taiwan
  • 8 Ripas Hospital Brunei
  • 9 Batra Hospital and Medical Research Centre New Delhi, India
  • 10 Korea University College of Medicine Seoul, South Korea
  • 11 The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
  • 12 Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • 13 Farrer Park Medical Centre Singapore
  • 14 University of Santo Tomas Manila, the Philippines
  • 15 Department of Cardiology, Vietnam National Heart Institute Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
  • 16 Penang General Hospital Penang, Malaysia
  • 17 Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam, South Korea
  • 18 Shanghai Jiatong University Shanghai, China
  • 19 Pantai Hospital Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 20 Udayana University Bali, Indonesia
  • 21 Department of Medicine Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 22 Yong Loo Ling School of Medicine National University of Singapore, Singapore
  • 23 Institut Jantung Negara Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 24 Peking Union Medical College Beijing, China
  • 25 Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of the Philippines, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, the Philippines
  • 26 Singapore General Hospital Singapore
Eur Cardiol, 2021 Feb;16:e14.
PMID: 33976709 DOI: 10.15420/ecr.2020.52

Abstract

The Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology convened a consensus statement panel for optimising cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in type 2 diabetes, and reviewed the current literature. Relevant articles were appraised using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system, and consensus statements were developed in two meetings and were confirmed through online voting. The consensus statements indicated that lifestyle interventions must be emphasised for patients with prediabetes, and optimal glucose control should be encouraged when possible. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are recommended for patients with chronic kidney disease with adequate renal function, and for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. In addition to SGLT2i, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are recommended for patients at high risk of CV events. A blood pressure target below 140/90 mmHg is generally recommended for patients with type 2 diabetes. Antiplatelet therapy is recommended for secondary prevention in patients with atherosclerotic CV disease.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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