Affiliations 

  • 1 Programme of Biomedicine, School of Health Sciences (PPSK), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
  • 2 Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences (PPSP), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
  • 3 Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences (PPSP), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
  • 4 Programme of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies (CORE), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 5 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 6 Programme of Biomedicine, School of Health Sciences (PPSK), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. wanamir@usm.my
Cardiovasc Toxicol, 2021 08;21(8):605-618.
PMID: 34114196 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09666-x

Abstract

Clinically, timely reperfusion strategies to re-establish oxygenated blood flow in ischemic heart diseases seem to salvage viable myocardium effectively. Despite the remarkable improvement in cardiac function, reperfusion therapy could paradoxically trigger hypoxic cellular injury and dysfunction. Experimental laboratory models have been developed over the years to explain better the pathophysiology of cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury, including the in vitro hypoxia-reoxygenation cardiac injury model. Furthermore, the use of nutritional myocardial conditioning techniques have been successful. The cardioprotective potential of flavonoids have been greatly linked to its anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties. While several studies have reviewed the cardioprotective properties of flavonoids, there is a scarce evidence of their function in the hypoxia-reoxygenation injury cell culture model. Hence, the aim of this review was to lay out and summarize our current understanding of flavonoids' function in mitigating hypoxia-reoxygenation cardiac injury based on evidence from the last five years. We also discussed the possible mechanisms of flavonoids in modulating the cardioprotective effects as such information would provide invaluable insight on future therapeutic application of flavonoids.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.