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  1. Fulltext Protective effects of gelam honey against oxidative damage in young and aged rats
    Sahhugi Z, Hasenan SM, Jubri Z
    Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2014;2014:673628.
    PMID: 25505937 DOI: 10.1155/2014/673628
    Aging is characterized by progressive decline in physiological and body function due to increase in oxidative damage. Gelam honey has been accounted to have high phenolic and nonphenolic content to attenuate oxidative damage. This study was to determine the effect of local gelam honey on oxidative damage of aged rats. Twenty-four male Spraque-Dawley rats were divided into young (2 months) and aged (19 months) groups. Each group was further divided into control (fed with plain water) and supplemented with 2.5 mg/kg body weight of gelam honey for 8 months. DNA damage level was determined by comet assay and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The activity of blood and cardiac antioxidant enzymes was determined by spectrophotometer. The DNA damage and MDA level were reduced in both gelam honey supplemented groups. Gelam honey increases erythrocytes CAT and cardiac SOD activities in young and cardiac CAT activity in young and aged groups. The DNA damage was increased in the aged group compared to young group, but reduced at the end of the study. The decline of oxidative damage in rats supplemented with gelam honey might be through the modulation of antioxidant enzyme activities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects*
  2. Alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities and oxidative damage in alcoholic rat tissues: protective role of Thespesia populnea
    Pandanaboina SC, Kondeti SR, Rajbanshi SL, Kunala PN, Pandanaboina S, Pandanaboina MM, et al.
    Food Chem, 2012 May 1;132(1):150-9.
    PMID: 26434274 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.10.046
    Recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced hepato-renal injury and the development of new approaches to its treatment have been reported in various works. This study involves alcohol-induced oxidative stress linked to the metabolism of ethanol involving both mitochondrial and peroxisomal fractions of liver and kidney. Alcohol treatment resulted in the depletion of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) activities, and reduced glutathione (GSH) content, higher level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lower levels of protein carbonyls (PC) causing malfunction of hepatic and renal tissues, when compared to control rats. Thespesia populnea (TP) leaf extracts, administered to chronic alcohol ingested rats, were envisaged to possess significant antioxidant defence properties and help in the recovery of tissues from alcohol-induced oxidative damage. The results showed that degenerative changes in hepatic and renal cells of alcoholic groups were minimized by the administration of TP leaf extracts as also revealed by histopathological examination. The current findings indicate that treatment with TP extracts reduces alcohol-induced oxidative stress, thereby protecting the hepatic and renal tissue from alcohol-induced damage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects*
  3. Combating oxidative stress disorders with citrus flavonoid: Naringenin
    Zaidun NH, Thent ZC, Latiff AA
    Life Sci, 2018 Sep 01;208:111-122.
    PMID: 30021118 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.07.017
    The incidence of diseases related to oxidative stress disorders have been increased dramatically. Alternatives medicine or the active compound extracted from the natural products received great attention among researches at the present era. Naringenin (NG), a common dietary flavanone, found in the citrus fruits such as oranges, bergamots, lemons and grapefruit. It is used in the several oxidative stress disorders as the nutraceutical value of the compound emerges. Functionally, the antioxidants effect of NG is primarily attributed by reducing the free radical like reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhancing the antioxidants activity such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione (GSH) in chronic diseases such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, diabetes, pulmonary, cancer and nephropathy. The present review article summarised the antioxidant property of NG and its molecular mechanism towards such diseases. Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science and Google scholar were searched using the terms 'naringenin', 'oxidative stress disorders', 'naringenin and cardiovascular diseases', 'naringenin and diabetes mellitus', 'naringenin and neurodegenerative diseases', 'naringenin and pulmonary diseases', 'naringenin and cancer' and 'naringenin and nephropathy'. There has been special attention on evaluating anti-oxidative effect of NG on neurodegenerative diseases. Although some mechanisms of action remain vague, the current review highlighted the potential use of NG as a oxidative stress reliever which can be used as next prophylaxis compound in the treatment of the various oxidative stress disorders.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects*
  4. Fulltext Phytochemical analysis and protective effects of Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry) in rats (Rattus norvegicus) following ethylene oxide-induced oxidative insult
    Rasool M, Malik A, Abdul Basit Ashraf M, Mubbin R, Ayyaz U, Waquar S, et al.
    Bioengineered, 2021 12;12(1):4593-4604.
    PMID: 34346287 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1955528
    The Vaccinium genus comprises more than 126 genera of perennial flowering plants that are commonly adapted to poor and acidic soils or epiphytic environments. Their molecular and genomic characterization is a result of the recent advent in next-generation sequencing technology. In the current research, extracts were prepared in different media, such as petroleum ether, methanol and ethanol. An extract of Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry) was used at a dose of 200-400 mg/kg by weight (B.wt). Levels of oxidative stress markers, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) and malondialdehyde (MDA), were measured. A histopathological study of six vital organs in rats was also conducted. The results indicated that the antioxidant levels were lower in the group given only ethylene oxide (EtO) but higher in the groups receiving cranberry extract as a treatment. Major improvements were also observed in stress markers such as advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) and MDA following cranberry treatment. Histopathological changes induced by EtO were observed in the heart, kidney, liver, lung, stomach and testis and were reversed following cranberry treatment. The major toxic effects of EtO were oxidative stress and organ degeneration, as observed from various stress markers and histopathological changes. Our study showed that this extract contains strong antioxidant properties, which may contribute to the amelioration of the observed toxic effects.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects*
  5. Fulltext Honey: a novel antioxidant
    Erejuwa OO, Sulaiman SA, Ab Wahab MS
    Molecules, 2012 Apr 12;17(4):4400-23.
    PMID: 22499188 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17044400
    The global prevalence of chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerosis, cancer and Alzheimer's disease is on the rise. These diseases, which constitute the major causes of death globally, are associated with oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is defined as an "imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of the oxidants, potentially leading to damage". Individuals with chronic diseases are more susceptible to oxidative stress and damage because they have elevated levels of oxidants and/or reduced antioxidants. This, therefore, necessitates supplementation with antioxidants so as to delay, prevent or remove oxidative damage. Honey is a natural substance with many medicinal effects such as antibacterial, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, reproductive, antihypertensive and antioxidant effects. This review presents findings that indicate honey may ameliorate oxidative stress in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), liver, pancreas, kidney, reproductive organs and plasma/serum. Besides, the review highlights data that demonstrate the synergistic antioxidant effect of honey and antidiabetic drugs in the pancreas, kidney and serum of diabetic rats. These data suggest that honey, administered alone or in combination with conventional therapy, might be a novel antioxidant in the management of chronic diseases commonly associated with oxidative stress. In view of the fact that the majority of these data emanate from animal studies, there is an urgent need to investigate this antioxidant effect of honey in human subjects with chronic or degenerative diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects
  6. Fulltext Oxidative stress-induced premature senescence in Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells
    Choo KB, Tai L, Hymavathee KS, Wong CY, Nguyen PN, Huang CJ, et al.
    Int J Med Sci, 2014;11(11):1201-7.
    PMID: 25249788 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.8356
    On in vitro expansion for therapeutic purposes, the regenerative potentials of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) decline and rapidly enter pre-mature senescence probably involving oxidative stress. To develop strategies to prevent or slow down the decline of regenerative potentials in MSC culture, it is important to first address damages caused by oxidative stress-induced premature senescence (OSIPS). However, most existing OSIPS study models involve either long-term culture to achieve growth arrest or immediate growth arrest post oxidative agent treatment and are unsuitable for post-induction studies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects
  7. Natural pro-oxidants: an alternative remedy to explore as novel cancer therapeutic agents
    Jothy SL, Oon CE, Sasidharan S
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2014;15(3):1501.
    PMID: 24606490
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects
  8. Neurotrophic properties of the Lion's mane medicinal mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (Higher Basidiomycetes) from Malaysia
    Lai PL, Naidu M, Sabaratnam V, Wong KH, David RP, Kuppusamy UR, et al.
    Int J Med Mushrooms, 2013;15(6):539-54.
    PMID: 24266378
    Neurotrophic factors are important in promoting the growth and differentiation of neurons. Nerve growth factor (NGF) is essential for the maintenance of the basal forebrain cholinergic system. Hericenones and erinacines isolated from the medicinal mushroom Hericium erinaceus can induce NGF synthesis in nerve cells. In this study, we evaluated the synergistic interaction between H. erinaceus aqueous extract and exogenous NGF on the neurite outgrowth stimulation of neuroblastoma-glioma cell NG108-15. The neuroprotective effect of the mushroom extract toward oxidative stress was also studied. Aqueous extract of H. erinaceus was shown to be non-cytotoxic to human lung fibroblast MRC-5 and NG108-15 cells. The combination of 10 ng/mL NGF with 1 μg/mL mushroom extract yielded the highest percentage increase of 60.6% neurite outgrowth. The extract contained neuroactive compounds that induced the secretion of extracellular NGF in NG108-15 cells, thereby promoting neurite outgrowth activity. However, the H. erinaceus extract failed to protect NG108-15 cells subjected to oxidative stress when applied in pre-treatment and co-treatment modes. In conclusion, the aqueous extract of H. erinaceus contained neuroactive compounds which induced NGF-synthesis and promoted neurite outgrowth in NG108-15 cells. The extract also enhanced the neurite outgrowth stimulation activity of NGF when applied in combination. The aqueous preparation of H. erinaceus had neurotrophic but not neuroprotective activities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects
  9. Enhancement of stress tolerance in the polyhydroxyalkanoate producers without mobilization of the accumulated granules
    Goh LK, Purama RK, Sudesh K
    Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 2014 Feb;172(3):1585-98.
    PMID: 24233544 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0634-z
    Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)], a polymer belonging to the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) family, is accumulated by numerous bacteria as carbon and energy storage material. The mobilization of accumulated P(3HB) is associated with increased stress and starvation tolerance. However, the potential function of accumulated copolymer such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] remained unknown. In this study, Delftia acidovorans DS 17 was used to evaluate the contributions of P(3HB) and P(3HB-co-3HV) granules during simulated exogenous carbon deprivation on cell survival by transferring cells with PHAs to carbon-free mineral salt medium supplemented with 1% (w/v) nitrogen source. By mobilizing the intracellular P(3HB) and P(3HB-co-3HV) at 11 and 40 mol% 3HV compositions, the cells survived starvation. Surprisingly, D. acidovorans containing P(3HB-co-94 mol% 3HV) also survived although the mobilization was not as effective. Similarly, recombinant Escherichia coli pGEM-T::phbCAB(Cn) (harboring the PHA biosynthesis genes of Cupriavidus necator) containing P(3HB) granules had a higher viable cell counts compared to those without P(3HB) granules but without any P(3HB) mobilization when exposed to oxidative stress by photoactivated titanium dioxide. This study provided strong evidence that enhancement of stress tolerance in PHA producers can be achieved without mobilization of the previously accumulated granules. Instead, PHA biosynthesis may improve bacterial survival via multiple mechanisms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects
  10. Neuroprotective properties of Loranthus parasiticus aqueous fraction against oxidative stress-induced damage in NG108-15 cells
    Wong DZ, Kadir HA, Lee CL, Goh BH
    J Nat Med, 2012 Jul;66(3):544-51.
    PMID: 22318341 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-011-0622-y
    Loranthus parasiticus, a Chinese folk medicine, has been widely used for the treatment of brain diseases, particularly in southwest China. Hence, the present neuroprotection model was designed to investigate its neuroprotective properties against H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress in NG108-15 cells. L. parasiticus aqueous fraction (LPAF), which was selected in the present study, had proved to be the most active fraction among the other tested extracts and fractions in our previous screening. The restoration of depleted intracellular glutathione (GSH), a major endogenous antioxidant, by LPAF was observed after H(2)O(2) insult. Pretreatment with LPAF substantially reduced the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species generated from H(2)O(2). Apoptotic features such as externalization of phosphatidylserine and disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential were significantly attenuated by LPAF. In addition, cell cycle analysis revealed a prominent decrease in the H(2)O(2)-induced sub-G(1) population by LPAF. Moreover, apoptotic morphological analysis by DAPI nuclear staining demonstrated that NG108-15 cells treated with H(2)O(2) exhibited apoptotic features, while such changes were greatly reduced in cells pretreated with LPAF. Taken together, these findings confirmed that LPAF exerts marked neuroprotective activity, which raises the possibility of potential therapeutic application of LPAF for managing oxidative stress-related neurological disorders and supports the traditional use of L. parasiticus in treating brain-related diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects*
  11. Tocotrienol rich fraction (TRF) supplementation protects against oxidative DNA damage and improves cognitive functions in Wistar rats
    Taridi NM, Yahaya MF, Teoh SL, Latiff AA, Ngah WZ, Das S, et al.
    Clin Ter, 2011;162(2):93-8.
    PMID: 21533313
    Oxidative stress is caused by imbalance between the productions of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense mechanisms. Palm oil antioxidants such as tocotrienol rich fraction (TRF) is known to have neuroprotective effects on neurones by acting against free radical induced neuronal cell death. This study was undertaken to elucidate the effect of TRF on oxidative DNA damage and cognitive functions in experimental rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects*
  12. Low dose of tocotrienols protects osteoblasts against oxidative stress
    Nizar AM, Nazrun AS, Norazlina M, Norliza M, Ima Nirwana S
    Clin Ter, 2011;162(6):533-8.
    PMID: 22262323
    Vitamin E is an antioxidant that may protect bone against oxidative stress-induced osteoporosis. This in vitro study was conducted to determine the protective effects of a-tocopherol and γ-tocotrienol on osteoblasts, the bone forming cells, against oxidative stress.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects*
  13. Fulltext The effect of Polygonum minus extract on cognitive and psychosocial parameters according to mood status among middle-aged women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    Shahar S, Aziz AF, Ismail SN, Yahya HM, Din NC, Manaf ZA, et al.
    Clin Interv Aging, 2015;10:1505-20.
    PMID: 26445532 DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S86411
    BACKGROUND: Polygonum minus (PM) or locally known in Malaysia, as "kesum" is rich in micronutrients and natural antioxidants. However, its beneficial effect on outcome associates with oxidative stress including cognitive function is yet to be discovered. We assessed the efficacy of PM extract (LineMinus™) on cognitive function and psychosocial status among middle-aged women in Klang Valley of Malaysia.

    METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial among 35 healthy middle-aged women was performed, and subjects were randomized to receive either 250 mg PM or placebo of 100 mg maltodextrin each were taken twice daily for 6 weeks. Subjects were assessed for neuropsychological test, psychosocial status, and anthropometric at baseline, week 3, and week 6. Biomarkers were also determined at baseline and week 6.

    RESULTS: The supplementation of PM showed significant intervention effect on Digit Span test (P<0.05) social functioning domain of 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (P<0.05) among subjects with mood disturbance. While, among subjects with good mood, PM supplementation improved Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) for IQ verbal (P=0.016) and Full Scale IQ of WASI (P=0.004). There were no adverse effects reported for the supplementation as indicated using biomarkers, including liver function and clinical symptoms.

    CONCLUSION: Supplementation of PM is safe to be consumed for 6 weeks, with potential benefits to attention, short-term memory, improved quality of life, and mood, as well as IQ.

    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects
  14. Correlation of antioxidant activities with theoretical studies for new hydrazone compounds bearing a 3,4,5-trimethoxy benzyl moiety
    Kareem HS, Ariffin A, Nordin N, Heidelberg T, Abdul-Aziz A, Kong KW, et al.
    Eur J Med Chem, 2015 Oct 20;103:497-505.
    PMID: 26402727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.09.016
    A new series of antioxidants, namely imines bearing the well-known free radical scavenger group 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyloxy, was designed and synthesized. Theoretical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) were performed to understand the antioxidant activities. Experimental studies evaluating the antioxidant activities of the compounds using DPPH and FRAP assays verified the predictions obtained by DMOL3 based on DFT.1. The DPPH radical scavenging activities depended on the substitution pattern of the aromatic aldehyde, with both the substitution type and position showing significant effects. Compounds 7b, 7c and 7d, which contain a phenolic hydroxyl group at the para position to the imine as well as, additional electron donating groups at the ortho-position to this hydroxyl group, exhibited IC₅₀ values of 62, 75 and 106 μg/mL, respectively, and potent antioxidant activities against DPPH, which were better than that of the reference compound BHT. With the exception of compounds 7a and 7h with a phenolic hydroxyl group at the ortho position, all of the investigated compounds exhibited ferric reducing activities above 1000 μM. Correlation analysis between the two antioxidant assays revealed moderate positive correlation (r = 0.59), indicating differing antioxidant activities based on the reaction mechanism. Therefore, imines bearing a 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyloxy group can be proposed as potential antioxidants for tackling oxidative stress.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects
  15. Fulltext Medicinal Plants in Therapy: Antioxidant Activities
    Dkhil MA, Delic D, El Enshasy HA, Abdel Moneim AE
    Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2016;2016:7468524.
    PMID: 27148432 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7468524
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects*
  16. Fulltext Conjugated Oligo-Aromatic Compounds Bearing a 3,4,5-Trimethoxy Moiety: Investigation of Their Antioxidant Activity Correlated with a DFT Study
    Kareem HS, Nordin N, Heidelberg T, Abdul-Aziz A, Ariffin A
    Molecules, 2016 Feb 17;21(2).
    PMID: 26901175 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21020224
    A series of heterocyclic compounds bearing the well-known free radical scavenging 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyloxy group, was synthesized. The key compound 4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl-oxy)benzohydrazide was converted into thiosemicarbazide derivatives, which were subsequently cyclized with NaOH to provide 1,2,4-triazole derivatives. Alternative treatment of the acid hydrazide with carbon disulfide in the presence of KOH led to the corresponding 1,3,4-oxadiazole and various alkylated derivatives. The newly synthesized compounds were purified and the structures of the products were elucidated and confirmed on the basis of their analytical and spectral data. Their antioxidant activities were evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH(•)) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays. The thiosemicarbazide derivatives were highly active in both antioxidant assays with the lowest IC50 value for DPPH radical scavenging. Theoretical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) were performed to understand the relative importance of NH, SH and CH hydrogens on the radical scavenging activities of these compounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects
  17. Altholactone, a novel styryl-lactone induces apoptosis via oxidative stress in human HL-60 leukemia cells
    Inayat-Hussain SH, Osman AB, Din LB, Taniguchi N
    Toxicol Lett, 2002 May 28;131(3):153-9.
    PMID: 11992734
    Plant styryl-lactone derivatives isolated from Goniothalamus sp. are potential compounds for cancer chemotherapy. In this study, we have examined the mechanisms of apoptosis induced by altholactone, a stryl-lactone isolated from the Malaysian plant G. malayanus on human HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells. Flow cytometric analysis of the externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS) using the annexin V/PI method on altholactone treated HL-60 cells showed a concentration-dependent increase of apoptosis from concentrations ranging from 10.8 (2.5 microg/ml) to 172.4 microM (40 microg/ml). Pre-treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (1 mM) completely abrogated apoptosis induced by altholactone, suggesting for the involvement of oxidative stress. Further flow cytometric assessment of the level of intracellular peroxides using the fluorescent probe 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) confirmed that altholactone induced an increase in cellular oxidative stress in HL-60 cells which was suppressed by N-acetylcysteine. In summary, our results demonstrate for the first time that altholactone induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells occurs via oxidative stress.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects*
  18. Hesperidin modulates the rhythmic proteomic profiling in Drosophila melanogaster under oxidative stress
    Jayapalan JJ, Subramanian P, Kani A, Hiji J, Najjar SG, Abdul-Rahman PS, et al.
    Arch Insect Biochem Physiol, 2020 Nov;105(3):e21738.
    PMID: 32924199 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21738
    The circadian clock regulates vital aspects of physiology including protein synthesis and oxidative stress response. In this investigation, we performed a proteome-wide scrutiny of rhythmic protein accrual in Drosophila melanogaster on exposure to rotenone, rotenone + hesperidin and hesperidin in D. melanogaster. Total protein from fly samples collected at 6 h intervals over the 24 h period was subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Bioinformatics tool, Protein ANalysis THrough Evolutionary Relationships classification system was used to the determine the biological processes of the proteins of altered abundance. Conspicuous variations in the proteome (151 proteins) of the flies exposed to oxidative stress (by rotenone treatment) and after alleviating oxidative stress (by hesperidin treatment) were observed during the 24 h cycle. Significantly altered levels of abundance of a wide variety of proteins under oxidative stress (rotenone treatment) and under alleviation of oxidative stress (rotenone + hesperidin treatment) and hesperidin (alone) treatment were observed. These proteins are involved in metabolism, muscle activity, heat shock response, redox homeostasis, protein synthesis/folding/degradation, development, ion-channel/cellular transport, and gustatory and olfactory function of the flies. Our data indicates that numerous cellular processes are involved in the temporal regulation of proteins and widespread modulations happen under rotenone treatment and, action of hesperidin could also be seen on these categories of proteins.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects*
  19. Obesity, cardiovascular disease, and role of vitamin C on inflammation: a review of facts and underlying mechanisms
    Ellulu MS
    Inflammopharmacology, 2017 Jun;25(3):313-328.
    PMID: 28168552 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0314-7
    Obesity means the accumulation of excessive fat that may interfere with the maintenance of optimal state of health. Obesity causes cardiac and vascular disease through well-known mediators such as hypertension, type-2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia, but there are evidences for other mediators such as chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and thrombosis. The decreased levels of antioxidants factors and nitric oxide predispose to further cardiovascular adverse events. To reduce the risks, antioxidants can help by neutralizing the free radicals and protecting from damage by donating electrons. Having the capacity, vitamin C protects from oxidative stress, prevention of non-enzymatic glycosylation of proteins, and enhances arterial dilation through its effect on nitric oxide release. It also decreases lipid peroxidation, and alleviates inflammation. The anti-inflammatory property of vitamin C could be attributed to ability to modulate the NF-kB DNA binding activity and down-regulation in the hepatic mRNA expression for the interleukins and tumor factors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects
  20. Fulltext Vitamin C: A Review on its Role in the Management of Metabolic Syndrome
    Wong SK, Chin KY, Ima-Nirwana S
    Int J Med Sci, 2020;17(11):1625-1638.
    PMID: 32669965 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.47103
    Oxidative stress and inflammation are two interlinked events that exist simultaneously in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its related complications. These pathophysiological processes can be easily triggered by each other. This review summarizes the current evidence from animal and human studies on the effects of vitamin C in managing MetS. In vivo studies showed promising effects of vitamin C, but most of the interventions used were in combination with other compounds. The direct effects of vitamin C remain to be elucidated. In humans, the current state of evidence revealed that lower vitamin C intake and circulating concentration were found in MetS subjects. A negative relationship was observed between vitamin C intake / concentration and the risk of MetS. Oral supplementation of vitamin C also improved MetS conditions. It has been postulated that the positive outcomes of vitamin C may be in part mediated through its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. These observations suggest the importance of MetS patients to have an adequate intake of vitamin C through food, beverages or supplements in order to maintain its concentration in the systemic circulation and potentially reverse MetS.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oxidative Stress/drug effects
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