MyMedR

Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 64 in total

Abstract:

Sort:

Fulltext Reef foraminifera as bioindicators of coral reef health in southern South China Sea

A'ziz ANA, Minhat FI, Pan HJ, Shaari H, Saelan WNW, Azmi N, et al.

Sci Rep, 2021 Apr 26;11(1):8890.
PMID: 33903697 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88404-3

Pulau Tioman is a famous tourist island off Peninsular Malaysia with beautiful coral reefs. This study aims to assess the health of the coral reefs surrounding Pulau Tioman based on the application of the Foraminifera in Reef Assessment and Monitoring Index (FI). Ten sampling sites around Pulau Tioman were studied with a total of 30 samples. Eight orders, 41 families, 80 genera, and 161 species of benthic foraminifera were identified. The agglutinated type of foraminifera constituted 2-8% of the total assemblages. Calcareous hyaline and porcelaneous groups represented 79% and 19% of the total assemblages, respectively. Symbiont-bearing taxa were the most common foraminifera. The results indicate that most of the sampling sites are conducive for coral reef growth with good recoverability from future stress to the ecosystem. However, several areas with higher coastal development and tourism have reduced water and sediment quality. Therefore, the limit on the number of visitors and tourists should be revised to enable coral growth and health. The FI values in this study showed a positive correlation with good water qualities and a negative correlation with organic matter enrichment. The FI is a good measure to assess the health of a coral reef and can be applied to other reef ecosystems around Malaysia.
Fulltext Synergistic Roles of Curcumin in Sensitising the Cisplatin Effect on a Cancer Stem Cell-Like Population Derived from Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines

Abdul Satar N, Ismail MN, Yahaya BH

Molecules, 2021 Feb 18;26(4).
PMID: 33670440 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041056

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a small subpopulation within a tumour. These cells possess stem cell-like properties but also initiate resistance to cytotoxic agents, which contributes to cancer relapse. Natural compounds such as curcumin that contain high amounts of polyphenols can have a chemosensitivity effect that sensitises CSCs to cytotoxic agents such as cisplatin. This study was designed to investigate the efficacy of curcumin as a chemo-sensitiser in CSCs subpopulation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using the lung cancer adenocarcinoma human alveolar basal epithelial cells A549 and H2170. The ability of curcumin to sensitise lung CSCs to cisplatin was determined by evaluating stemness characteristics, including proliferation activity, colony formation, and spheroid formation of cells treated with curcumin alone, cisplatin alone, or the combination of both at 24, 48, and 72 h. The mRNA level of genes involved in stemness was analysed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to evaluate the effect of curcumin on the CSC niche. A combined treatment of A549 subpopulations with curcumin reduced cellular proliferation activity at all time points. Curcumin significantly (p < 0.001) suppressed colonies formation by 50% and shrank the spheroids in CSC subpopulations, indicating inhibition of their self-renewal capability. This effect also was manifested by the down-regulation of SOX2, NANOG, and KLF4. Curcumin also regulated the niche of CSCs by inhibiting chemoresistance proteins, aldehyde dehydrogenase, metastasis, angiogenesis, and proliferation of cancer-related proteins. These results show the potential of using curcumin as a therapeutic approach for targeting CSC subpopulations in non-small cell lung cancer.
Fulltext Comparative proteomic analysis of different stages of breast cancer tissues using ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometer

Al-Wajeeh AS, Salhimi SM, Al-Mansoub MA, Khalid IA, Harvey TM, Latiff A, et al.

PLoS One, 2020;15(1):e0227404.
PMID: 31945087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227404

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the fifth most prevalent cause of death among women worldwide. It is also one of the most common types of cancer among Malaysian women. This study aimed to characterize and differentiate the proteomics profiles of different stages of breast cancer and its matched adjacent normal tissues in Malaysian breast cancer patients. Also, this study aimed to construct a pertinent protein pathway involved in each stage of cancer.
METHODS: In total, 80 samples of tumor and matched adjacent normal tissues were collected from breast cancer patients at Seberang Jaya Hospital (SJH) and Kepala Batas Hospital (KBH), both in Penang, Malaysia. The protein expression profiles of breast cancer and normal tissues were mapped by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The Gel-Eluted Liquid Fractionation Entrapment Electrophoresis (GELFREE) Technology System was used for the separation and fractionation of extracted proteins, which also were analyzed to maximize protein detection. The protein fractions were then analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis using LC/MS LTQ-Orbitrap Fusion and Elite. This study identified the proteins contained within the tissue samples using de novo sequencing and database matching via PEAKS software. We performed two different pathway analyses, DAVID and STRING, in the sets of proteins from stage 2 and stage 3 breast cancer samples. The lists of molecules were generated by the REACTOME-FI plugin, part of the CYTOSCAPE tool, and linker nodes were added in order to generate a connected network. Then, pathway enrichment was obtained, and a graphical model was created to depict the participation of the input proteins as well as the linker nodes.
RESULTS: This study identified 12 proteins that were detected in stage 2 tumor tissues, and 17 proteins that were detected in stage 3 tumor tissues, related to their normal counterparts. It also identified some proteins that were present in stage 2 but not stage 3 and vice versa. Based on these results, this study clarified unique proteins pathways involved in carcinogenesis within stage 2 and stage 3 breast cancers.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provided some useful insights about the proteins associated with breast cancer carcinogenesis and could establish an important foundation for future cancer-related discoveries using differential proteomics profiling. Beyond protein identification, this study considered the interaction, function, network, signaling pathway, and protein pathway involved in each profile. These results suggest that knowledge of protein expression, especially in stage 2 and stage 3 breast cancer, can provide important clues that may enable the discovery of novel biomarkers in carcinogenesis.
Fulltext Counting in the dark: non-intrusive laser scanning for population counting and identifying roosting bats

Azmy SN, Sah SA, Shafie NJ, Ariffin A, Majid Z, Ismail MN, et al.

Sci Rep, 2012;2:524.
PMID: 22826802 DOI: 10.1038/srep00524

Population surveys and species recognition for roosting bats are either based on capture, sight or optical-mechanical count methods. However, these methods are intrusive, are tedious and, at best, provide only statistical estimations. Here, we demonstrated the successful use of a terrestrial Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) laser scanner for remotely identifying and determining the exact population of roosting bats in caves. LIDAR accurately captured the 3D features of the roosting bats and their spatial distribution patterns in minimal light. The high-resolution model of the cave enabled an exact count of the visibly differentiated Hipposideros larvatus and their roosting pattern within the 3D topology of the cave. We anticipate that the development of LIDAR will open up new research possibilities by allowing researchers to study roosting behaviour within the topographical context of a cave's internal surface, thus facilitating rigorous quantitative characterisations of cave roosting behaviour.
Detection of dynorphin 1-17 biotransformation fragments in human nasal polyps by UPLC-QTOF-MS

Ballouze R, Ismail MN, Abu Kassim NS, Salhimi SM, Mohamad I, Abd Mutalib NS, et al.

Anal Bioanal Chem, 2024 Jan;416(2):545-557.
PMID: 38040942 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05061-3

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a persistent inflammation of the sinonasal mucosa. CRSwNP treatments are associated with inconsistent efficacy and recurrence of symptoms. Dynorphin 1-17 (DYN 1-17) and its fragments have been shown to modulate the immune response in various inflammatory conditions. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different pH and degrees of inflammation on DYN 1-17 metabolism in human CRSwNP tissues. DYN 1-17 was incubated with grade 3 and grade 4 inflamed tissues of CRSwNP patients at pH 5.5 and pH 7.4 over a range of incubation periods. The resulting fragments were identified using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) system coupled to quadrupole-time of flight (QTOF) mass spectrometry based on their accurate mass. The rate of DYN 1-17 fragmentation was slower at pH 5.5 in comparison to pH 7.4. The extent and rate of metabolism of DYN 1-17 were much lower in grade 3 inflamed tissue (31-32 fragments) than in grade 4 (34-41 fragments). N-Terminal fragments (DYN 1-15, 1-11, 1-10, and 1-6) were metabolized slower at pH 5.5 as compared to pH 7.4. DYN 1-12, 1-8, 2-10, 4-10, 5-10, and 8-14 were only observed under the inflammatory pH while DYN 5-17 and 6-17 were only identified upon incubation with grade 4 CRSwNP tissues. DYN 1-17 metabolism was significantly affected by the pH level and the severity of the inflammation of CRSwNP tissues, indicating the potential roles of DYN 1-17 and its fragments in modulating the inflammatory response and their avenue as therapeutics in future studies.
Fulltext Socio-Cultural and Economic Drivers of Plant and Animal Protein Consumption in Malaysia: The SCRiPT Study

Drewnowski A, Mognard E, Gupta S, Ismail MN, Karim NA, Tibère L, et al.

Nutrients, 2020 May 25;12(5).
PMID: 32466102 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051530

Countries in South East Asia are undergoing a nutrition transition, which typically involves a dietary shift from plant to animal proteins. To explore the main drivers of protein consumption, the SCRiPT (Socio Cultural Research in Protein Transition) study recruited a population sample in Malaysia (N = 1604). Participants completed in-person 24 h dietary recalls and socio-demographic surveys. Energy and nutrient intakes were estimated using Nutritionist Pro. A novel recipe-based frequency count coded protein sources as meat (chicken, beef, pork, and mutton), fish, eggs, dairy, and plants (cereals, pulses, tubers). Dietary intakes and frequencies were examined by gender, age, income, education, ethnicity, religion, and family status, using ANOVAs and general linear models. Energy intakes were 1869 kcal/d for men and 1699 kcal/d for women. Protein intakes were 78.5 g/d for men and 72.5 g/d for women. Higher energy and protein intakes were associated with Chinese ethnicity, higher education and incomes. Frequency counts identified plant proteins in 50% of foods, followed by meat (19%), fish (12%), eggs (12%), and dairy (7%). Most frequent source of meat was chicken (16%) rather than pork or beef (1.5% each). In bivariate analyses, animal protein counts were associated with younger age, higher education and incomes. In mutually adjusted multivariate regression models, animal proteins were associated with education and ethnicity; plant proteins were associated with ethnicity and religion. Protein choices in Malaysia involve socio-cultural as well as economic variables.
Sleep habits, food intake, and physical activity levels in normal and overweight and obese Malaysian children

Firouzi S, Poh BK, Ismail MN, Sadeghilar A

Obes Res Clin Pract, 2014 Jan-Feb;8(1):e70-8.
PMID: 24548579 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2012.12.001

This study aimed to determine the association between sleep habits (including bedtime, wake up time, sleep duration, and sleep disorder score) and physical characteristics, physical activity level, and food pattern in overweight and obese versus normal weight children.
Eating patterns and prevalence of obesity. Lessons learned from the Malaysian Food Barometer

Fournier T, Tibère L, Laporte C, Mognard E, Ismail MN, Sharif SP, et al.

Appetite, 2016 12 01;107:362-371.
PMID: 27521166 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.08.009

The Malaysian society is experiencing and coping with a fast modernization process, which is characterized by a rapid urbanization and rural exodus, an important reduction of the size of households, and the emergence of a new middle class. The Malaysian Food Barometer launched in 2013 has provided better understanding how these macro issues have affected the lifestyles and especially the food habits of the Malaysians. The country has indeed undergone a transition period from under-nutrition to over-nutrition in a few decades, with the prevalence of overweight and obesity having markedly and rapidly increased. A quantitative survey (n = 2000), elaborated from a qualitative preliminary phase, was carried out with the aim of analyzing the transformation of food habits at the national level. The present article focuses on the BMI issue in Malaysia, and investigates its relationships with the socio-demographic variables of the population, as well as their eating patterns. The mean BMI is 23.64 kg/m2, with 9.5% of the sample being obese, and 22% overweight. Strong statistical associations have been identified between BMI and independent variables such as size of the living area, ethnicity, level of education, gender, and age. Contrary to general believe, overweight and obesity were neither associated with the number of food intakes taken per day (including snacks) nor with the frequency of eating out. Nonetheless, obesity is over-represented in people who have dissonant eating behaviors, i.e. who declare having fewer food intakes a day (food norms) than they do actually (food practices). This process testifies that the Malaysians are experiencing a "food transition", which is linked with socio-economic development.
Proteomics analysis of latex from Hevea brasiliensis (clone RRIM 600)

Habib MA, Yuen GC, Othman F, Zainudin NN, Latiff AA, Ismail MN

Biochem. Cell Biol., 2017 04;95(2):232-242.
PMID: 28177774 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2016-0144

The natural rubber latex extracted from the bark of Hevea brasiliensis plays various important roles in today's modern society. Following ultracentrifugation, the latex can be separated into 3 layers: C-serum, lutoids, and rubber particles. Previous studies have shown that a large number of proteins are present in these 3 layers. However, a complete proteome for this important plant is still unavailable. Protein sequences have been recently translated from the completed draft genome database of H. brasiliensis, leading to the creation of annotated protein databases of the following H. brasiliensis biosynthetic pathways: photosynthesis, latex allergens, rubberwood formation, latex biosynthesis, and disease resistance. This research was conducted to identify the proteins contained within the latex by way of de novo sequencing from mass spectral data obtained from the 3 layers of the latex. Peptides from these proteins were fragmented using collision-induced dissociation, higher-energy collisional dissociation, and electron-transfer dissociation activation methods. A large percentage of proteins from the biosynthetic pathways (63% to 100%) were successfully identified. In addition, a total of 1839 unique proteins were identified from the whole translated draft genome database (AnnHBM).
Extraction and identification of biologically important proteins from the medicinal plant God's crown (Phaleria macrocarpa)

Habib MAH, Ismail MN

J Food Biochem, 2021 07;45(7):e13817.
PMID: 34137461 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13817

The fruit and leaf of God's crown (Phaleria macrocarpa) have been traditionally used to treat a wide variety of diseases. However, the proteins of this tropical plant are still heavily understudied. Three protein extraction methods; phenol (Phe), trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-acetone-phenol (TCA-A-Phe), and ultrasonic (Ult) were compared on the fruit and leaf of P. macrocarpa. The Phe extraction method showed the highest percentage of recovered protein after the resolubilization process for both leaf (12.24%) and fruit (30.41%) based on protein yields of the leaf (6.15 mg/g) and fruit (36.98 mg/g). Phe and TCA-A-Phe extraction methods gave well-resolved bands over a wide range of molecular weights through sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Following liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis, proteins identified through the Phe extraction method were 30%-35% enzymatic proteins, including oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, and ligases that possess various biological functions. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Every part of God's crown plant is traditionally consumed to treat various illnesses. While plant's benefits are well known and have led to a plethora of health products, the proteome remains mostly unknown. This study compares three protein extraction methods for the leaf and fruit of P. macrocarpa and identifies their proteins thru LC-MS/MS coupled with PEAKS. These method comparisons can be a guide for works on other plants as well. In addition, the proteomics data from this study may shed light on the functional properties of these plant parts and their products.
Unrestrictive identification of post-translational modifications in Hevea brasiliensis latex

Habib MAH, Gan CY, Abdul Latiff A, Ismail MN

Biochem. Cell Biol., 2018 12;96(6):818-824.
PMID: 30058361 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2018-0020

The natural rubber latex extracted from the bark of Hevea brasiliensis plays various important roles in modern society. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of the latex proteins are important for the stability and functionality of the proteins. In this study, latex proteins were acquired from the C-serum, lutoids, and rubber particle layers of latex without using prior enrichment steps; they were fragmented using collision-induced dissociation (CID), higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), and electron-transfer dissociation (ETD) activation methods. PEAKS 7 were used to search for unspecified PTMs, followed by analysis through PTM prediction tools to crosscheck both results. There were 73 peptides in 47 proteins from H. brasiliensis protein sequences derived from UniProtKB were identified and predicted to be post-translationally modified. The peptides with PTMs identified include phosphorylation, lysine acetylation, N-terminal acetylation, hydroxylation, and ubiquitination. Most of the PTMs discovered have yet to be reported in UniProt, which would provide great assistance in the research of the functional properties of H. brasiliensis latex proteins, as well as being useful biomarkers. The data are available via the MassIVE repository with identifier MSV000082419.
Hevea brasiliensis latex proteomics: a review of analytical methods and the way forward

Habib MAH, Ismail MN

J Plant Res, 2021 Jan;134(1):43-53.
PMID: 33108557 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-020-01231-x

Natural rubber or latex from the Hevea brasiliensis is an important commodity in various economic sectors in today's modern society. Proteins have been detected in latex since the early twentieth century, and they are known to regulate various biological pathways within the H. brasiliensis trees such as the natural rubber biosynthesis, defence against pathogens, wound healing, and stress tolerance. However, the exact mechanisms of the pathways are still not clear. Proteomic analyses on latex have found various proteins and revealed how they fit into the mechanisms of the biological pathways. In the past three decades, there has been rapid latex protein identification due to the improvement of latex protein extraction methods, as well as the emergence of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry (MS). In this manuscript, we reviewed the methods of latex protein extraction that keeps on improving over the past three decades as well as the results of numerous latex protein identification and quantitation.
Correction to: Hevea brasiliensis latex proteomics: a review of analytical methods and the way forward

Habib MAH, Ismail MN

J Plant Res, 2023 May;136(3):431.
PMID: 36943551 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-023-01451-x
Evaluation of taste active peptides and amino acids from anchovy proteins in fish sauce by in silico approach

Hakimi S, Kari NM, Ismail N, Ismail MN, Ahmad F

Food Sci Biotechnol, 2022 Jul;31(7):767-785.
PMID: 35720460 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01097-w

Enzymatic activity and microbial fermentation play a prominent role in the bioconversion of complex muscle tissue into smaller units of peptides and amino acids, possibly contribute to sensory properties. Thus, this study screens and evaluate anchovy proteins with taste-active peptides and amino acids by the reaction of multiple enzymes using an in silico approach. Information about sensory components was provided based on an in silico analysis using tools available in the BIOPEP-UWM database. Proteins from anchovy, namely myosin heavy chain 6 alpha, myosin light chain 1, cytochrome B, and NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase, were subjected to in silico digestion with the combination of 23 enzymes. This led to the release of taste-active peptides and amino acids, including umami, sweet, salty, sour, and bitter sensory properties. The combination of multiple enzymes released a more significant number of taste-active peptides and amino acids for both myosins compared to other proteins.
Resting metabolic rate in a sample of girls in Malaysia and England

Henry CJ, Webster-Gandy JD, Koon PB, Ismail MN

Am J Hum Biol, 2005 Nov-Dec;17(6):818-20.
PMID: 16254909

This cross-sectional study of age matched (10-11 years), pre-menarcheal girls in England and Malaysia investigated the effect of ethnicity on resting metabolic rate (RMR). The children were recruited from schools in Oxford, England, and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and all measurements were conducted in the schools. The Malaysian girls were shorter (143.7 +/- 6.5 cm and 140.1 +/- 5.3 cm (mean +/- SD) for the English and Malaysian girls respectively) and lighter (32.5 +/- 5.3 kg compared with 38.0 +/- 8.7 kg for the English girls) with a smaller fat mass and fat free mass (FFM) than the English girls. Energy expenditure was lower in the Malaysian girls (4555 +/- 531 kJ/day compared with 5178 +/- 688 kJ/day for the English girls). Although a difference in RMR was observed between the two groups, when corrected for body composition the difference was no longer significant. No effect of ethnicity on the relationship of FFM and RMR was shown when the data were analyzed using analysis of covariance.
Fulltext Obesity in Malaysia

Ismail MN, Chee SS, Nawawi H, Yusoff K, Lim TO, James WP

Obes Rev, 2002 Aug;3(3):203-8.
PMID: 12164473 DOI: 10.1046/j.1467-789x.2002.00074.x

This study was undertaken to assess the recent data on Malaysian adult body weights and associations of ethnic differences in overweight and obesity with comorbid risk factors, and to examine measures of energy intake, energy expenditure, basal metabolic rate (BMR) and physical activity changes in urban and rural populations of normal weight. Three studies were included (1) a summary of a national health morbidity survey conducted in 1996 on nearly 29 000 adults > or =20 years of age; (2) a study comparing energy intake, BMR and physical activity levels (PALs) in 409 ethnically diverse, healthy adults drawn from a population of 1165 rural and urban subjects 18-60 years of age; and (3) an examination of the prevalence of obesity and comorbid risk factors that predict coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes in 609 rural Malaysians aged 30-65 years. Overweight and obesity were calculated using body mass index (BMI) measures and World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Energy intake was assessed using 3-d food records, BMR and PALs were assessed with Douglas bags and activity diaries, while hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and glucose intolerance were specified using standard criteria. The National Health Morbidity Survey data revealed that in adults, 20.7% were overweight and 5.8% obese (0.3% of whom had BMI values of >40.0 kg m(-2)); the prevalence of obesity was clearly greater in women than in men. In women, obesity rates were higher in Indian and Malay women than in Chinese women, while in men the Chinese recorded the highest obesity prevalences followed by the Malay and Indians. Studies on normal healthy subjects indicated that the energy intake of Indians was significantly lower than that of other ethnic groups. In women, Malays recorded a significantly higher energy intake than the other groups. Urban male subjects consumed significantly more energy than their rural counterparts, but this was not the case in women. In both men and women, fat intakes (%) were significantly higher in Chinese and urban subjects. Men were moderately active with the exception of the Dayaks. Chinese women were considerably less active than Chinese men. Chinese and Dayak women were less active than Malay and Indian women. In both men and women, Indians recorded the highest PALs. Hence, current nutrition and health surveys reveal that Malaysians are already affected by western health problems. The escalation of obesity, once thought to be an urban phenomenon, has now spread to the rural population at an alarming rate. As Malaysia proceeds rapidly towards a developed economy status, the health of its population will probably continue to deteriorate. Therefore, a national strategy needs to be developed to tackle both dietary and activity contributors to the excess weight gain of the Malaysian population.
Study name: National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS-2006)
Fulltext Daily energy intake, energy expenditure and activity patterns of selected Malaysian sportsmen

Ismail MN, Wannudri W, Zawiah H

Malays J Nutr, 1995 Sep;1(2):141-9.
PMID: 22692059 MyJurnal

Seventeen members of the national sepaktakraw squad undergoing centralised training participated in a comprehensive study to determine their daily food intake, activity patterns and energy requirements. Food intake was recorded as a mean of 3-days weighed food intake and the nutrient contents were calculated using a local food composition table. The energy cost of standardised activities was determined by indirect calorimetry while time and motion study was used to estimate the daily energy expenditure of each subject. The mean daily energy intake was 2784±373 kcal (11.6±1.6 MJ) while the mean daily energy expenditure was 3004±298 kcal (12.6±1.2 MJ), with a negative energy balance of 220 kcal ((0.9 MJ). Intake of other nutrients were adequate when compared with the Malaysian RDA, with the exception of niacin. The results of the activity pattern study indicated that the subjects spent about 80% of the day doing light activities while 20% of the day was devoted to their training programme comprising of moderate to heavy activities. This data set represents the first of its kind in Malaysia and should provide impetus for further research in this area which would help establish dietary guidelines for Malaysian sportsmen.
Fulltext Energy requirements of Malaysian soldiers in a base camp

Ismail MN, Isa M, Janudin A

Malays J Nutr, 1996 Sep;2(2):168-74.
PMID: 22692139 MyJurnal

The energy intake and expenditure of 20 healthy soldiers (mean age, 25 years, weight 61 kg and height 1.67 m) was assessed. Trained personnel stayed in the camp throughout the 5 weeks study period. Each soldier was subjected to a 7-day comprehensive protocol involving anthropometric, food intake, activity pattern and energy expenditure measurements. The mean change in body weight and fat content was minimal, -0.2kg and -0.25%, respectively. Body fat and BMI ranges from 10.0-21.6% and 19.8-24.9, respectively. The mean energy intake of 2190 ± 197 kcal was well below (81%) the recommended allowance of 2700 kcal for the Malaysian Armed Forces. The ration scale analysed chemically provides 2900 kcal thus suggesting a 24% wastage of daily ration. Contribution of protein (15%), fat (25%) and carbohydrate (60%) to energy intake appears to be in line to healthy dietary guidelines. Energy cost of standardised activities were found to be lower in Malaysian soldiers as compared to British soldiers studied under similar environment in the tropics. The mean total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) for soldiers were 2886 ± 222 kcal with a negative energy balance of about 700 kcal. The results suggested that there is a need to review the current provision with regard to food supply and preparation in army camps, to ensure that the menu provided are appealing as well as nutritious for the soldiers.
Fulltext Prevalence of obesity and chronic energy deficiency (CED) in adult Malaysians

Ismail MN, Zawiah H, Chee S, Ng K

Malays J Nutr, 1995 Mar;1(1):1-9.
PMID: 22692009 MyJurnal

Anthropometry is the single most portable, easily applied, inexpensive and non-invasive method of assessing body composition. It reflects both health and nutrition and predicts performance, health and survival. The use of body mass index (BMI) as a measure of obesity has been widespread and has recently been promoted for assessment of chronic energy deficiency (CED) in adults. This report provides BMI values of 2636 adult males and 2111 adult females from the three main ethnic groups residing in urban areas and BMI of adult Malay and Dayak (380 males and 496 females) residing in rural areas in Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak. The percent prevalence of obesity and CED in males for the three ethnic groups were apparently quite similar. However, in the females, CED were higher in the Malays and Chinese while overweight problems were more serious in the Indians. Among the Malays, prevalence of CED for males and females were 7% and 11% in urban areas and 11% and 14% in rural areas, respectively. In the males, it is interesting to note that there is a two-fold difference between urban and rural, while a high prevalence of overweight women (20%) even in the rural areas should be viewed as a potential health problem of the future.
Fulltext Energy expenditure studies to predict requirements of selected national athletes

Ismail MN, Wannudri W, Zawiah H

Malays J Nutr, 1997 Mar;3(1):71-81.
PMID: 22692236

A study to predict energy requirements of national athletes, 84 males and 24 females in 9 and 4 different types of sports respectively, were conducted during centralised training. Parameters assessed were anthropometry, 3-day activity pattern and energy cost (kcal/min) of common activities to derive total daily energy expenditure (TDEE). Based on body mass index (BMI), 68 males or 81% and 19 females or 79% of the athletes were classified as normal. The mean body fat content for males and females were 13.8 ± 4.5% and 24.7 ± 5.3%, respectively. The mean daily activity pattern of males and females athletes were similar for light activities (16½ hr or 68% of day), for moderate activities (3½ hr or 15% of day in male, 4 hr or 17% in females) while moderate to heavy activities related to training were 4 hr (17%) and 3½ hr (15%) in males and females, respectively. Energy cost of some common activities ranges from 1.00-3.00 kcal/min in males and 0.84-2.04 kcal/min in females, while values for jogging were 6.60 kcal/min and 5.62 kcal/min in males and females, respectively. The mean TDEE in male ranges from 2938 kcal (12.3 MJ) in boxers (57 kg) to 4861 kcal (20.3 MJ) in weightlifters (110 kg) while the mean TDEE in female ranges from 2099 kcal (8.8 MJ) in athletics (51 kg) to 3098 kcal (13.0 MJ) in basketball (61.4 kg). The calculated physical activity level (PAL) values using measured BMR for males and females athletes ranges from 1.99-2.58 and 1.77-2.34, respectively. In conclusion, the estimated energy requirement for the various sports event studied ranges from 44-55 kcal/kg/day in males and 38-50 kcal/kg/day in female athletes.

Filters

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links