Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 84 in total

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  1. Zinc intake during pregnancy increases the proliferation at ventricular zone of the newborn brain
    Azman MS, Wan Saudi WS, Ilhami M, Mutalib MS, Rahman MT
    Nutr Neurosci, 2009 Feb;12(1):9-12.
    PMID: 19178786 DOI: 10.1179/147683009X388904
    Neurogenesis involves cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, differentiation, migration and the natural developmental death of the neural precursors. These processes are highly co-ordinated and governed by cell-cycle genes and neural transcription factors. Zn plays a crucial role as a functional and structural component of enzymes and transcription factors and components of the intracellular signaling pathway associated with the regulation of cell proliferation. The influence of additional Zn intake during pregnancy on the neuronal proliferation at ventricular zone of the developing fetus has been studied. Pups delivered by the group of mice provided with drinking water with 4.0 mM Zn supplement throughout pregnancy contained an increased number of proliferating neurons in the ventricular zone at P0 compared to those delivered by the mice provided with drinking water without any Zn supplement. This finding provides direct evidence to support the notion that maternal Zn levels influence the development of the nervous system of the offspring.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division/drug effects*
  2. Using tissue engineering techniques for osteochondral repair and regeneration
    Goh JC, Shao XX, Hutmacher D, Lee EH
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:17-8.
    PMID: 15468797
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division/physiology
  3. Ultrastructural changes during asexual multiple reproduction in Trichomonas vaginalis
    Yusof A, Kumar S
    Parasitol Res, 2012 May;110(5):1823-8.
    PMID: 22076052 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2705-9
    Trichomonas vaginalis, a flagellated protozoan parasite, is commonly found in the genitourinary tract of humans. Its mode of reproduction has always been reported to be binary fission. The high parasite numbers seen in a relatively short period in in vitro cultures led us to believe that there must be other modes of reproduction. The present study for the first time provides transformational evidence at the ultrastructural level seen in tropohozoites of T. vaginalis undergoing a multiple asexual mode of reproduction. The findings show that the single cell with a nucleus is capable of dividing to as many as eight nuclei within the cytoplasmic body. Before the commencement of division, the nucleus remained round or ovoid in shape with condensed chromatin masses and only a few endoplasmic reticula surrounding the nucleus. During the division, the nucleus started to elongate and become irregular in shape with visible chromatin masses condensing with the accumulation of numerous endoplasmic reticula. Nuclear division gave rise to as many as eight nuclei within a cell, which could be seen to be connected by numerous endoplasmic reticula. In addition, a high number of hydrogenosomes and vacuoles can be seen in multinucleated T. vaginalis compared with single nucleated T. vaginalis. This study confirms that multiple modes of nuclear division do exist in T. vaginalis and are a precursor to progeny formation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division*
  4. Tocotrienols inhibit growth of ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells
    Nesaretnam K, Dorasamy S, Darbre PD
    Int J Food Sci Nutr, 2000;51 Suppl:S95-103.
    PMID: 11271861
    The vitamin E component of palm oil provides a rich source of tocotrienols which have been shown previously to be growth inhibitory to two human breast cancer cell lines: responsive MCF7 cells and unresponsive MDA-MB-231 cells. Data presented here shows that the tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) of palm oil and individual fractions (alpha, gamma and delta) can also inhibit the growth of another responsive human breast cancer cell line, ZR-75-1. At low concentrations in the absence of oestrogen tocotrienols stimulated growth of the ZR-75-1 cells, but at higher concentrations in the presence as well as in the absence of oestradiol, tocotrienols inhibited cell growth strongly. As for MCF7 cells, alpha-tocopherol had no effect on growth of the ZR-75-1 cells in either the absence or presence of oestradiol. In studying the effects of tocotrienols in combination with antioestrogens, it was found that TRF could further inhibit growth of ZR-75-1 cells in the presence of tamoxifen (10(-7) M and 10(-8) M). Individual tocotrienol fractions (alpha, gamma, delta) could inhibit growth of ZR-75-1 cells in the presence of 10(-8) M oestradiol and 10(-8) M pure antioestrogen ICI 164,384. The immature mouse uterine weight bioassay confirmed that TRF could not exert oestrogen antagonist action in vivo. These results provide evidence of wider growth-inhibitory effects of tocotrienols beyond MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, and with an oestrogen-independent mechanism of action, suggest a possible clinical advantage in combining administration of tocotrienols with antioestrogen therapy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division/drug effects
  5. Tissue engineering techniques in tendon and ligament replacement
    Goh JC, Ouyang HW, Toh SL, Lee EH
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:47-8.
    PMID: 15468812
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division/physiology
  6. Tissue engineered human articular neocartilage using serial expanded chondrocytes
    Munirah S, Aminuddin BS, Chua KH, Fuzina NH, Isa MR, Ruszymah BH
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:9-10.
    PMID: 15468793
    Autologous cells are usually preferred in treating damaged tissue to avoid risks of immunological rejection and transmitting infectious diseases. Since only limited amount of tissue can be obtained without causing morbidity at the donor site, in vitro expansion of isolated cell is essential in order to acquire sufficient number of cells to reconstruct neocartilage. The aim of this study was to examine whether serial expanded chondrocytes can be use to generate neocartilage in vivo.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division/physiology
  7. The significance of using pooled human serum in human articular cartilage tissue engineering
    Azmi B, Aminuddin BS, Sharaf I, Samsudin OC, Munirah S, Chua KH, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:13-4.
    PMID: 15468795
    Animal serum is commonly used in chondrocytes culture expansion to promote cell proliferation and shorten the time lag before new tissue reconstruction is possible. However, animal serum is not suitable for regeneration of clinical tissue because it has potential risk of viral and prion related disease transmission particularly mad cow disease and foreign protein contamination that can stimulate immune reaction leading to graft rejection. In this context, human serum as homologous supplement has a greater potential as growth promoting agents for human chondrocytes culture.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division/physiology
  8. The role of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in mitogen induced cell proliferation in leukocytes
    Chiew GS
    Med J Malaysia, 1979 Dec;34(2):187-92.
    PMID: 232900
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division/drug effects
  9. The role of CD30, CD40 and CD95 in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis in classical Hodgkin's lymphoma
    Kim LH, Eow GI, Peh SC, Poppema S
    Pathology, 2003 Oct;35(5):428-35.
    PMID: 14555388
    AIMS: CD30, CD40 and CD95 are members of the tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily. Ligation to their respective ligands (CD30L, CD40L, CD95L) will generate a diverse set of signalling cascades. We aim to study the expression pattern of CD30, CD40 and CD95 in classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) and to correlate the expressions with proliferation and apoptosis in the Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg (H/RS) cells of cHL with or without associated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection.

    METHODS: A total of 66 cHL cases were retrieved from the archives. Expressions of CD30, CD40, CD95 and proliferation by Ki-67 expression were detected with an immunohistochemical staining method. Apoptosis index was assessed by in situ TUNEL staining technique on 30 randomly selected cases and the presence of EBV was determined by EBER in situ hybridisation.

    RESULTS: Expression of CD30, CD40 and CD95 in the H/RS cells was observed in a high proportion of the cases (100, 93.9, 90.5%, respectively). There was no significant association or correlation of the expression of these molecules with the presence of EBV. Expression of CD40 was associated with expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67 (P=0.044), whereas strong (intermediate and high) expression of CD30 showed a significant correlation with proliferation in the EBV-negative cases only (P=0.025). No correlation was observed for the expression of CD30 and CD40 with apoptosis of the H/RS cells. The childhood cases showed weaker CD95 expression in the H/RS cells than the adult cases, and the expression of CD95 was weaker than that of CD40 in the childhood group.

    CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that CD30, CD40 and CD95 are highly expressed in the H/RS cells of the majority of cases of cHL. The expression patterns seem to be independent of EBV and do not correlate with apoptosis of the H/RS cells.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division/physiology
  10. Fulltext The in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer activities of a standardized quassinoids composition from Eurycoma longifolia on LNCaP human prostate cancer cells
    Tong KL, Chan KL, AbuBakar S, Low BS, Ma HQ, Wong PF
    PLoS One, 2015;10(3):e0121752.
    PMID: 25826409 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121752
    Quassinoids are a group of diterpenoids found in plants from the Simaroubaceae family. They are also the major bioactive compounds found in Eurycoma longifolia which is commonly used as traditional medicine in South East Asia to treat various ailments including sexual dysfunction and infertility. These uses are attributed to its ability to improve testosterone level in men. Chronic consumption of E. longifolia extracts has been reported to increase testosterone level in men and animal model but its effect on prostate growth remains unknown. Therefore, the present study investigates the effects of a standardized total quassinoids composition (SQ40) containing 40% of the total quassinoids found in E. longifolia on LNCaP human prostate cancer cell line. SQ40 inhibited LNCaP cell growth at IC50 value of 5.97 μg/mL while the IC50 on RWPE-1 human prostate normal cells was 59.26 μg/mL. SQ40 also inhibited 5α-dihydrotestosterone-stimulated growth in LNCaP cells dose-dependently. The inhibitory effect of SQ40 in anchorage-independent growth of LNCaP cells was also demonstrated using soft agar assay. SQ40 suppressed LNCaP cell growth via G0/G1 phase arrest which was accompanied by the down-regulation of CDK4, CDK2, Cyclin D1 and Cyclin D3 and up-regulation of p21Waf1/Cip1 protein levels. SQ40 at higher concentrations or longer treatment duration can cause G2M growth arrest leading to apoptotic cell death as demonstrated by the detection of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage in LNCaP cells. Moreover, SQ40 also inhibited androgen receptor translocation to nucleus which is important for the transactivation of its target gene, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and resulted in a significant reduction of PSA secretion after the treatment. In addition, intraperitoneal injection of 5 and 10 mg/kg of SQ40 also significantly suppressed the LNCaP tumor growth on mouse xenograft model. Results from the present study suggest that the standardized total quassinoids composition from E. longifolia promotes anti-prostate cancer activities in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division/drug effects
  11. The effects of autologous human serum on the growth of tissue engineered human articular cartilage
    Badrul AH, Aminuddin BS, Sharaf I, Samsudin OC, Munirah S, Ruszymah BH
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:11-2.
    PMID: 15468794
    Culture media supplemented with animal serum e.g. fetal bovine serum; FBS is commonly used for human culture expansion. However, for clinical application, FBS is restricted as its carry a risk of viral or prion transmission. Engineering autologous cartilage with autologous human serum supplementation is seen as a better solution to reduce the risk of transmitting infectious diseases and immune rejection during cartilage transplantation. The purpose of this study is to establish and compare the effects of 10% autologous human serum (AHS) and 10% FBS on the growth of chondrocytes and the formation of tissue engineered human articular cartilage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division/physiology
  12. The effects of age on monolayer culture of human keratinocytes for future use in skin engineering
    Muhd Fakhruddin BH, Aminuddin BS, Mazlyzam AL, Ruszymah BH
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:182-3.
    PMID: 15468878
    Skin is the largest organ in human system and plays a vital role as a barrier against environment and pathogens. Skin regeneration is important in tissue engineering especially in cases of chronic wounds. With the tissue engineering technology, these skins equivalent have been use clinically to repair burns and wounds. Consented redundant skin samples were obtained from patients aged 9 to 65 years old. Skin samples were digested with dispase, thus separating the epidermis and the dermis layer. The epidermis layer was trypsinized and cultured in DKSFM in 6-well plate at 37 degrees C and 5% CO2. Once confluent, the culture were trypsinized and the cells were pooled. Cells were counted using haemacytometer. Doubling time and viability were calculated and analysed. From the result, we conclude that doubling time and viability of in vitro keratinocytes cultured in DKSFM media is not age dependant.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division/physiology
  13. Fulltext The antimicrobial polymer PHMB enters cells and selectively condenses bacterial chromosomes
    Chindera K, Mahato M, Kumar Sharma A, Horsley H, Kloc-Muniak K, Kamaruzzaman NF, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2016;6:23121.
    PMID: 26996206 DOI: 10.1038/srep23121
    To combat infection and antimicrobial resistance, it is helpful to elucidate drug mechanism(s) of action. Here we examined how the widely used antimicrobial polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) kills bacteria selectively over host cells. Contrary to the accepted model of microbial membrane disruption by PHMB, we observed cell entry into a range of bacterial species, and treated bacteria displayed cell division arrest and chromosome condensation, suggesting DNA binding as an alternative antimicrobial mechanism. A DNA-level mechanism was confirmed by observations that PHMB formed nanoparticles when mixed with isolated bacterial chromosomal DNA and its effects on growth were suppressed by pairwise combination with the DNA binding ligand Hoechst 33258. PHMB also entered mammalian cells, but was trapped within endosomes and excluded from nuclei. Therefore, PHMB displays differential access to bacterial and mammalian cellular DNA and selectively binds and condenses bacterial chromosomes. Because acquired resistance to PHMB has not been reported, selective chromosome condensation provides an unanticipated paradigm for antimicrobial action that may not succumb to resistance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division
  14. Fulltext The Effects of Lentivirus-Mediated Gene Silencing of RARβ on the Stemness Capability of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
    Abu Halim NH, Zakaria N, Theva Das K, Lin J, Lim MN, Fakiruddin KS, et al.
    J Cancer, 2021;12(12):3468-3485.
    PMID: 33995625 DOI: 10.7150/jca.50793
    Retinoic acid receptor beta is a nuclear receptor protein that binds to retinoic acid (RA) to mediate cellular signalling in embryogenic morphogenesis, cell growth, and differentiation. However, the function of RARβ in cancer stem cells (CSCs) has yet to be determined. This study aimed to understand the role of RARβ in regulating cell growth and differentiation of lung cancer stem cells. Based on the clonogenic assay, spheroid assay, mRNA levels of stem cell transcription factors, and cell cycle being arrested at the G0/G1 phase, the suppression of RARβ resulted in significant inhibition of A549 parental cell growth. This finding was contradictory to the results seen in CSCs, where RARβ inhibition enhanced the cell growth of putative and non-putative CSCs. These results suggest that RARβ suppression may act as an essential regulator in A549 parental cells, but not in the CSCs population. The findings in this study demonstrated that the loss of RARβ promotes tumorigenicity in CSCs. Microarray analysis revealed that various cancer pathways were significantly activated following the suppression of RARβ. The changes seen might compensate for the loss of RARβ function, CSCs population's aggressiveness, which led to the CSCs population's aggressiveness. Thus, understanding the role of RARβ in regulating the stemness of CSCs may lead to targeted therapy for lung CSCs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division
  15. Fulltext The Curcumin Analogue 1,5-Bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one Induces Apoptosis and Downregulates E6 and E7 Oncogene Expression in HPV16 and HPV18-Infected Cervical Cancer Cells
    Paulraj F, Abas F, Lajis NH, Othman I, Hassan SS, Naidu R
    Molecules, 2015;20(7):11830-60.
    PMID: 26132907 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200711830
    In an effort to study curcumin analogues as an alternative to improve the therapeutic efficacy of curcumin, we screened the cytotoxic potential of four diarylpentanoids using the HeLa and CaSki cervical cancer cell lines. Determination of their EC50 values indicated relatively higher potency of 1,5-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one (MS17, 1.03 ± 0.5 μM; 2.6 ± 0.9 μM) and 1,5-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one (MS13, 2.8 ± 0.4; 6.7 ± 2.4 μM) in CaSki and HeLa, respectively, with significantly greater growth inhibition at 48 and 72 h of treatment compared to the other analogues or curcumin. Based on cytotoxic and anti-proliferative activity, MS17 was selected for comprehensive apoptotic studies. At 24 h of treatment, fluorescence microscopy detected that MS17-exposed cells exhibited significant morphological changes consistent with apoptosis, corroborated by an increase in nucleosomal enrichment due to DNA fragmentation in HeLa and CaSki cells and activation of caspase-3 activity in CaSki cells. Quantitative real-time PCR also detected significant down-regulation of HPV18- and HPV16-associated E6 and E7 oncogene expression following treatment. The overall data suggests that MS17 treatment has cytotoxic, anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing potential in HPV-positive cervical cancer cells. Furthermore, its role in down-regulation of HPV-associated oncogenes responsible for cancer progression merits further investigation into its chemotherapeutic role for cervical cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division/drug effects
  16. Fulltext Telomere and a final verdict for cellular senescence
    Aye Aye Wynn, Nang Khin Mya
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020;14(3):57-60.
    MyJurnal
    Telomeres are specialized DNA complexes found at the end of all chromosomes. Human, as a member of eukaryotic cells, requires telomeres to maintain the length and the stability of chromosomes. Telomeres lose their non-coding DNA sequence to protect the genetic information on the chromosomes. Shortening of telomeres occurs in most somatic cells after sufficient cell division in a human lifetime. Normal haemopoietic cells or stem cells possess telomerase enzyme to restore telomeres and allow further replication. Telomere dysfunction is the origin of several degenerative disorders and also predispose to cancer. Roles of telomere in carcinogenesis and ageing related disorders are reviewed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division
  17. Fulltext Synthesis and Anti-Pancreatic Cancer Activity Studies of Novel 3-Amino-2-hydroxybenzofused 2-Phospha-γ-lactones
    Balam SK, Soora Harinath J, Krishnammagari SK, Gajjala RR, Polireddy K, Baki VB, et al.
    ACS Omega, 2021 May 04;6(17):11375-11388.
    PMID: 34056293 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00360
    A series of 3-amino-2-hydroxybenzofused 2-phosphalactones (4a-l) has been synthesized from the Kabachnik-Fields reaction via a facile route from a one-pot three-component reaction of diphenylphosphite with various 2-hydroxybenzaldehyes and heterocyclic amines in a new way of expansion. The in vitro anti-cell proliferation studies by MTT assay have revealed them as potential Panc-1, Miapaca-2, and BxPC-3 pancreatic cell growth inhibitors, and the same is supported by molecular docking, QSAR, and ADMET studies. The MTT assay of their SAHA derivatives against the same cell lines evidenced them as potential HDAC inhibitors and identified 4a, 4b, and 4k substituted with 1,3-thiazol, 1,3,4-thiadiazol, and 5-sulfanyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol moieties on phenyl and diethylamino phenyl rings as potential ones. Additionally, the flow cytometric analyses of 4a, 4b, and 4k against BxPC-3 cells revealed compound 4k as a lead compound that arrests the S phase cell cycle growth at low micromolar concentrations. The ADMET properties have ascertained their inherent pharmacokinetic potentiality, and the wholesome results prompted us to report it as the first study on anti-pancreatic cancer activity of cyclic α-aminophosphonates. Ultimately, this study serves as a good contribution to update the existing knowledge on the anticancer organophosphorus heterocyclic compounds and elevates the scope for generation of new anticancer drugs. Further, the studies like QSAR, drug properties, toxicity risks, and bioactivity scores predicted for them have ascertained the synthesized compounds as newer and potential drug candidates. Hence, this study had augmented the array of α-aminophosphonates by adding a new collection of 3-amino-2-hydroxybenzofused 2-phosphalactones, a class of cyclic α-aminophosphonates, to it, which proved them as potential anti-pancreatic cancer agents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division
  18. Strategy for generating tissue-engineered human bone construct
    Tan KK, Aminuddin BS, Tan GH, Sabarul Afian M, Ng MH, Fauziah O, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:43-4.
    PMID: 15468810
    The strategy used to generate tissue-engineered bone construct, in view of future clinical application is presented here. Osteoprogenitor cells from periosteum of consenting scoliosis patients were isolated. Growth factors viz TGF-B2, bFGF and IGF-1 were used in concert to increase cell proliferation during in vitro cell expansion. Porous tricalcium phosphate (TCP)-hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold was used as the scaffold to form 3D bone construct. We found that the addition of growth factors, greatly increased cell growth by 2 to 7 fold. TCP/HA proved to be the ideal scaffold for cell attachment and proliferation. Hence, this model will be further carried out on animal trial.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division/physiology
  19. Stemness and angiogenic gene expression changes of serial-passage human amnion mesenchymal cells
    Fatimah SS, Tan GC, Chua K, Fariha MM, Tan AE, Hayati AR
    Microvasc Res, 2013 Mar;86:21-9.
    PMID: 23261754 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2012.12.004
    Particular attention has been directed towards human amnion mesenchymal stem cells (HAMCs) due to their accessibility, availability and immunomodulatory properties. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the temporal changes of stemness and angiogenic gene expressions of serial-passage HAMCs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Division
  20. Side population cells in anaplastic thyroid cancer and normal thyroid
    Mahkamova K, Latar NM, Aspinall S, Meeson A
    Exp Cell Res, 2019 01 01;374(1):104-113.
    PMID: 30465733 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.11.012
    Comparison of studies of cells derived from normal and pathological tissues of the same organ can be fraught with difficulties, particular with cancer where a number of different diseases are considered cancer within the same tissue. In the thyroid, there are 4 main types of cancer, three of which arise from follicular epithelial cells; papillary and follicular which are classified as differentiated, and anaplastic which is classified as undifferentiated. One assay that can be utilised for isolation of cancer stem cells is the side population (SP) assay. However, SP studies have been limited in part due to lack of optimal isolation strategies and in the case of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) are further compounded by lack of access to ATC tumors. We have used thyroid cell lines to determine the optimal conditions to isolate viable SP cells. We then compared SP cells and NSP cells (bulk tumour cells without the SP) of a normal thyroid cell line N-thy ori-3-1 and an anaplastic thyroid cancer cell line SW1736 and showed that both SP cell populations displayed higher levels of stem cell characteristics than the NSP. When we compared SP cells of the N-thy ori-3-1 and the SW1736, the SW1736 SP had a higher colony forming potential, expressed higher levels of stem cell markers and CXCR4 and where more migratory and invasive, invasiveness increasing in response to CXCL12. This is the first report showing functional differences between ATC SP and normal thyroid SP and could lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets to treat ATC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Asymmetric Cell Division/drug effects
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