Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 94 in total

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  1. Fulltext Bioremediation of palm industry wastes using vermicomposting technology: its environmental application as green fertilizer
    Rupani PF, Embrandiri A, Ibrahim MH, Shahadat M, Hansen SB, Mansor NNA
    3 Biotech, 2017 Jul;7(3):155.
    PMID: 28623493 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0770-1
    Several technologies are being applied for treatment of palm oil mill wastes. Among them, the biological treatments (vermicomposting) have widely been recognized as one of the most efficient and eco-friendly methods for converting organic waste materials into valuable products. The present study focuses on vermicomposting of acidic palm oil mill effluent (POME) mixed with the palm pressed fibre (PPF) which are found difficult to decompose in the environment. The industrial waste (POME) was vermicomposted using Lumbricus rubellus under laboratory conditions for a period of 45 days. A significant improvement in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content was monitored during vermicomposting process. In addition, the decline in C:N ratio of vermicompost (up to 17.20 ± 0.60) reflects the degree of stabilization of POME-PPF mixture. Different percentages of the vermicompost extract obtained from POME-PPF mixture were also examined for the germination of mung bean (Vigna radiata) seed. The results showed that 75% vermicompost extract demonstrated better performance for the seed germination. On the basis of significant findings, POME-PPF mixture can be successfully used as a feeding material for the earthworms, while on the other hand, it can also be used as a cost-effective fertilizer for the germination and the proper growth of mung bean.
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination
  2. Characterization of crude 5'-phosphodiesterase from germinated adzuki (Vigna angularis L.) beans
    Pui LP, Mohammed AS, Ghazali HM
    Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment, 2020 9 27;19(3):319-331.
    PMID: 32978914 DOI: 10.17306/J.AFS.0804
    BACKGROUND: 5'-Phosphodiesterase (5'-PDE) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes RNA to form 5'-inosine monophosphate (5'-IMP) and 5'-guanosine monophosphate (5'-GMP). These 5'-nucleotides can function as flavor enhancers. Adzuki beans (Vigna angularis L.) are found to be high in 5'-PDE.

    METHODS: 5'-phosphodiesterase (5'-PDE) enzyme was characterized from adzuki beans, in which the optimum pH and temperature were determined. In addition, the stability of 5'-PDE was assessed at different pH and temperature. The effects of cations and EDTA were evaluated to characterize the 5'-PDE enzymes further.

    RESULTS: The alkaline 5'-phosphodiesterase has an optimum pH of 8.5. This enzyme is also thermostable, with an optimum temperature of 80°C. The stability in terms of temperature and pH was also determined, and was found to be stable in the pH range of 7.0-8.5. This enzyme was found to retain more than 80% of its activity for 4 days at 60 and 65°C. In addition, the effects of 14 different metal ions, 4 types of detergents and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on 5'-PDE were studied. Ca2+, K+, Mg2+ and Li+ activated 5'-PDE while Na+, Zn2+, Ni+, Hg+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Fe2+, Al3+, Ba2+ and Co2+ were inhibitory. EDTA, Triton X-100 and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were strong inhibitors of 5'-PDE, while Tween 80 and Tween 20 were slightly inhibitory. The effects of cations and EDTA suggest that 5'-PDE from adzuki beans is a metalloenzyme.

    CONCLUSIONS: Although 5'-PDE from adzuki beans has a high temperature optimum of 80°C, the enzyme is more stable at 60°C, and different cations affected the activity of the enzyme differently.

    Matched MeSH terms: Germination
  3. Seedlings of Neuwiedia (Orchidaceae subfamily Apostasioideae) have typical orchidaceous mycotrophic protocorms
    Kristiansen KA, Rasmussen FN, Rasmussen HN
    Am J Bot, 2001 May;88(5):956-9.
    PMID: 11353721
    Naturally occurring seedlings of Neuwiedia veratrifolia were found in three localities in Sabah, Borneo, Malaysia. Seedlings consisted of an irregular oblong protocorm and a terminal leafy rooted shoot. Protocorms contained mycotrophic tissue of the kind typical of orchid mycorrhiza (tolypophagy). This finding demonstrates an important synapomorphy between Neuwiedia and other orchids and strongly supports the monophyly of Orchidaceae in the broad sense, including apostasiod orchids.
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination
  4. Responses of growth of lady's fingers (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) to different treatments methods of dairy wastewater
    Al-Dulaimi RI, Ismail N, Ibrahim MH
    Ann Agric Environ Med, 2014;21(1):42-8.
    PMID: 24847548
    Water is one of the most important precious resources found on the earth, and are most often affected by anthropogenic activities and by industry. Pollution caused by human beings and industries is a serious concern throughout the world. Population growth, massive urbanization, rapid rate of industrialization and modern techniques in agriculture have accelerated water pollution and led to the gradual deterioration of its quality. A large quantity of waste water disposed of at sea or on land has caused environmental problems which have led to environmental pollution, economic losses and chemical risks caused by the wastewater, and its impact on agriculture. However, waste water which contain nutrients and organic matter has possible advantages for agricultural purposes. Therefore, the presented study was undertaken to assess the impact of Dairy Effluent (treated and untreated waste water) on seed germination, seedling growth, dry matter production and the biochemical parameters of lady's fingers (Abelmoschus esculentus L.).
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination
  5. Optimal hydration status for cryopreservation of intermediate oily seeds: Citrus as a case study
    Hor YL, Kim YJ, Ugap A, Chabrillange N, Sinniah UR, Engelmann F, et al.
    Ann Bot, 2005 Jun;95(7):1153-61.
    PMID: 15781438
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the basis of the optimal hydration status for cryopreservation of intermediate oily seeds using Citrus as a model.
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination
  6. Fulltext An efficient method in breaking of dormancy from Bunium persicum (Boiss) Fedtsch seeds: a valuable herb of Middle East and Central Asia
    Emamipoor Y, Maziah M
    Asian Pac J Trop Biomed, 2014 Aug;4(8):642-9.
    PMID: 25183334 DOI: 10.12980/APJTB.4.2014APJTB-2014-0042
    To develop a protocol for breaking of seed dormancy and increasing the seed germination rate of Bunium persicum.
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination
  7. Fulltext Germinated brown rice ameliorates obesity in high-fat diet induced obese rats
    Lim SM, Goh YM, Mohtarrudin N, Loh SP
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2016 May 23;16:140.
    PMID: 27216718 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1116-y
    Germinated brown rice (GBR) is a novel functional food that is high in fiber and bioactive compounds with health-promoting properties. This study aims to evaluate anti-obesity effects of GBR in obese rats fed high-fat diet (HFD).
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination
  8. Fulltext In utero exposure to germinated brown rice and its oryzanol-rich extract attenuated high fat diet-induced insulin resistance in F1 generation of rats
    Adamu HA, Imam MU, Ooi DJ, Esa NM, Rosli R, Ismail M
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2017 Jan 21;17(1):67.
    PMID: 28109299 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1571-0
    The development of insulin resistance is multifactorial, with maternal pre- and postnatal nutrition having significant influences. In this regard, high fat diet (HFD) feeding in pregnancy has been shown to increase risks of metabolic diseases. Thus, we investigated the effects of supplementation of HFD with germinated brown rice (GBR) and GBR-derived gamma oryzanol-rich extract (OE) on insulin resistance and its epigenetic implications in pregnant rats and their offsprings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination
  9. Fulltext In vivo antistress and antioxidant effects of fermented and germinated mung bean
    Yeap SK, Beh BK, Ali NM, Mohd Yusof H, Ho WY, Koh SP, et al.
    Biomed Res Int, 2014;2014:694842.
    PMID: 24877129 DOI: 10.1155/2014/694842
    Mung bean has been traditionally used to alleviate heat stress. This effect may be contributed by the presence of flavonoids and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). On the other hand, fermentation and germination have been practised to enhance the nutritional and antioxidant properties of certain food products. The main focus of current study was to compare the antistress effect of none-process, fermented and germinated mung bean extracts. Acute and chronic restraint stresses were observed to promote the elevation of serum biochemical markers including cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, liver enzymes, and glucose. Chronic cold restraint stress was observed to increase the adrenal gland weight, brain 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) level while reducing brain antioxidant enzyme level. However, these parameters were found reverted in mice treated with diazepam, high concentration of fermented mung bean and high concentration of germinated mung bean. Moreover, enhanced level of antioxidant on the chronic stress mice was observed in fermented and germinated mung bean treated groups. In comparison between germinated and fermented mung bean, fermented mung bean always showed better antistress and antioxidant effects throughout this study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination
  10. Fulltext Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of germinated and fermented mung bean on ethanol-mediated liver damage
    Mohd Ali N, Mohd Yusof H, Long K, Yeap SK, Ho WY, Beh BK, et al.
    Biomed Res Int, 2013;2013:693613.
    PMID: 23484140 DOI: 10.1155/2013/693613
    Mung bean is a hepatoprotective agent in dietary supplements. Fermentation and germination processes are well recognized to enhance the nutritional values especially the concentration of active compounds such as amino acids and GABA of various foods. In this study, antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of freeze-dried mung bean and amino-acid- and GABA-enriched germinated and fermented mung bean aqueous extracts were compared. Liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), nitric oxide (NO) levels, and serum biochemical profile such as aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), triglycerides (TG), and cholesterol and histopathological changes were examined for the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of these treatments. Germinated and fermented mung bean have recorded an increase of 27.9 and 7.3 times of GABA and 8.7 and 13.2 times of amino acid improvement, respectively, as compared to normal mung bean. Besides, improvement of antioxidant levels, serum markers, and NO level associated with better histopathological evaluation indicated that these extracts could promote effective recovery from hepatocyte damage. These results suggested that freeze-dried, germinated, and fermented mung bean aqueous extracts enriched with amino acids and GABA possessed better hepatoprotective effect as compared to normal mung bean.
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination*
  11. Fulltext Effect of planting media on growth of pineapple CV. Madu seedlings by stem cutting technique
    Mohd Miqdam Jubidin, Mohammed Selamat Madom, Nur Aainaa Hasbullah
    Borneo Akademika, 2020;4(4):9-14.
    MyJurnal
    Generally, pineapple sucker is used as the main planting material for commercial cultivation
    of pineapple. Pineapple sucker is usually obtained either from the stalk or the stem of a
    pineapple plant. Research to study the effect of planting media using mineral soil as the main
    component for the mixture on the growth of sucker by stem cutting technique was conducted. The objective of this research is to study the effects of mineral soil-based mixed planting
    media on the growth of pineapple suckers produced cultivated via stem cutting of Madu
    pineapple. The research was conducted at the Pineapple Nursery of the Faculty of Sustainable
    Agriculture, UMS Sandakan, from March 2019 until September 2019. The treatments used in
    this research were, soil as T1 (100%); Soil:coco peat as T2 (1:1,v/v); Soil:peat soil as T3
    (1:1,v/v); Soil:sand as T4 (1:1,v/v). The data obtained showed there is a significant difference
    in the number of a successfully germinated sucker. However, no significant difference was
    detected for the sucker growth parameters. Planting media T3, soil: coco peat recorded the
    highest number of successfully germinated suckers (12.25). Meanwhile, for growing media, suggested T2 soil: peat soil were recorded the highest for root length (15.53 cm), leaf number
    (18.00), and stem diameter (2.18 cm) at 60 days after transplant (DAT).
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination
  12. Cryopreservation of whole seeds and excised embryonic axes of Citrus suhuiensis cv. limau langkat in accordance to their desiccation sensitivity
    Makeen MA, Noor NM, Dussert S, Clyde MM
    Cryo Letters, 2005 Jul-Aug;26(4):259-68.
    PMID: 19827255
    Following the investigation of desiccation sensitivity and freezing tolerance of the whole seed of Citrus suhuiensis cv. limau langkat, desiccation sensitivity and cryopreservation of the excised embryonic axes from the seeds of the same species were examined. Three drying conditions were employed: desiccation by equilibrium for the whole seeds and desiccation in laminar airflow and over silica gel for the excised embryonic axes. The relevance of desiccation sensitivity (WC50) to cryopreservation of whole seeds and excised axes was investigated. High desiccation tolerance (WC50 = 0.034 g H2O x g(-1)dw) was acquired for axes desiccated with faster dehydration rate (1.5 g x g(-1) x h(-1)) in laminar airflow compared to substantially lower desiccation tolerance (WC50 = 0.132 and 0.110 g H2O x g(-1)dw) acquired under slower dehydration rates (1.0 and 0.005 g x g(-1) x h(-1)) for axes desiccated over silica gel and whole seeds desiccated by equilibrium respectively. While few whole seeds (8.3%) survived freezing, high recovery percentages of axes (83.3% and 62.2%) after freezing were obtained under laminar airflow and silica gel drying conditions respectively. Irrespective of the drying method employed, axes survival percentages after exposure to LN temperature commensurate with the desiccation sensitivity pattern. For the whole seeds, a factor other than desiccation sensitivity that limits the tolerance to exposure to LN temperature seems to exist and still needs to be defined.
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination/physiology
  13. Cryopreservation of Citrus aurantifolia seeds and embryonic axes using a desiccation protocol
    Cho EG, Noor NM, Kim HH, Rao VR, Engelmann F
    Cryo Letters, 2002 Sep-Oct;23(5):309-16.
    PMID: 12447490
    The desiccation and freezing tolerance of seeds, with and without testas, and embryonic axes of Citrus aurantifolia were investigated. Seeds were desiccated with silica gel, under the laminar air flow cabinet or by placing them on a laboratory bench. Whatever the desiccation method employed, survival before and after cryopreservation was higher for seeds without testas. When freezing intact seeds, the highest survival percentage (41.3 %) was achieved after desiccation to 7.3 % moisture content (fresh weight basis) on the laboratory bench. Survival of seeds cryopreserved without testas could reach up to 85 % after desiccation under the laminar air flow cabinet or on the laboratory bench, corresponding to moisture contents of 7.1 and 4.5 %, respectively. After desiccation with silica gel, survival reached a maximum of 60.0 %, for a seed moisture content of 3.3 %. Survival of control embryonic axes was high (80-100 %) whatever the sucrose concentration in the preculture medium and the duration of the desiccation period. After cryopreservation, no survival was noted with embryonic axes, which had not been precultured nor desiccated. Survival of non-desiccated embryonic axes after cryopreservation increased progressively in line with increasing sucrose concentrations in the preculture medium, from 7.5 % with 0.1 M sucrose to 77.5 % with 0.7 M sucrose. Survival of desiccated and cryopreserved embryos was always high, whatever the preculture treatment and desiccation period, ranging from 55.8 % to 92.5 %.
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination/drug effects
  14. Fulltext LC-MS data for metabolomics analysis of Garcinia mangostana L. seed germination
    Mazlan O, Aizat WM, Aziz Zuddin NS, Baharum SN, Noor NM
    Data Brief, 2018 Dec;21:2221-2223.
    PMID: 30555858 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.11.072
    Metabolic regulation is important during seed germination for the establishment of seedling. The germination strategy of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) seed is thought to be unique due to its recalcitrant characteristic (sensitive to coldness and drying). To investigate the metabolic changes during seed germination, we performed metabolomics analysis on germinating mangosteen seed sown after zero, one, three, five, seven and nine days. Sampled mangosteen seeds were subjected to methanol extraction prior analysis using Liquid Chromatography-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS). MS data were further analyzed using ProfileAnalysis (version 2.1). This is one of the earliest reports in metabolite identification and profiling of mangosteen seed at different germination stages. This data article refers to the article entitled "Metabolite profiling of mangosteen seed germination highlights metabolic changes related to carbon utilization and seed protection" (Mazlan et al., 2019) [1].
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination
  15. Fulltext RNA-seq assembly and analysis of Garcinia mangostana transcriptome during seed germination
    Azlan NDK, Isa MNM, Zainal Z
    Data Brief, 2017 Oct;14:548-550.
    PMID: 28861452 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2017.07.064
    Garcinia mangostana is a tropical fruit plant rich in antioxidant and bears recalcitrant seeds. The extent of water loss and low temperature tolerable by recalcitrant seed varies from regular orthodox seeds. Present study generates transcriptome resources for G. mangostana to postulate potential transcriptome differences between recalcitrant and orthodox seeds during seed germination process. Raw reads of pooled samples used for the assembly have been deposited in genbank accession SRR5412332.
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination
  16. Defaunation and habitat disturbance interact synergistically to alter seedling recruitment
    Granados A, Brodie JF, Bernard H, O'Brien MJ
    Ecol Appl, 2017 10;27(7):2092-2101.
    PMID: 28660670 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1592
    Vertebrate granivores destroy plant seeds, but whether animal-induced seed mortality alters plant recruitment varies with habitat context, seed traits, and among granivore species. An incomplete understanding of seed predation makes it difficult to predict how widespread extirpations of vertebrate granivores in tropical forests might affect tree communities, especially in the face of habitat disturbance. Many tropical forests are simultaneously affected by animal loss as well as habitat disturbance, but the consequences of each for forest regeneration are often studied separately or additively, and usually on a single plant demographic stage. The combined impacts of these threats could affect plant recruitment in ways that are not apparent when studied in isolation. We used wire cages to exclude large (elephants), medium, (sambar deer, bearded pigs, muntjac deer), and small (porcupines, chevrotains) ground-dwelling mammalian granivores and herbivores in logged and unlogged forests in Malaysian Borneo. We assessed the interaction between habitat disturbance (selective logging) and experimental defaunation on seed survival, germination, and seedling establishment in five dominant dipterocarp tree species spanning a 21-fold gradient in seed size. Granivore-induced seed mortality was consistently higher in logged forest. Germination of unpredated seeds was reduced in logged forest and in the absence of small to large-bodied mammals. Experimental defaunation increased germination and reduced seed removal but had little effect on seed survival. Seedling recruitment however, was more likely where logging and animal loss occurred together. The interacting effects of logging and hunting could therefore, actually increase seedling establishment, suggesting that the loss of mammals in disturbed forest could have important consequences for forest regeneration and composition.
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination*
  17. Genetic architecture of Al3+ toxicity tolerance in rice F2:3 populations determined through QTL mapping
    Jahan N, Javed MA, Khan A, Manan FA, Tabassum B
    Ecotoxicology, 2021 Jul;30(5):794-805.
    PMID: 33871748 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02413-6
    Aluminum (Al3+) toxicity is one of the factors limiting crop production in acidic soils. Identifying quantitative trait loci (QTLs)/genes for tolerance to Al3+ toxicity at seed germination can aid the development of new tolerant cultivars. The segregating population derived from Pak Basmati (Indica) × Pokkali (Indica) was used for mapping QTLs linked with tolerance to Al3+ toxicity ranging from 0 to 20 mM at pH 4 ± 0.2 at germination. The favorable alleles for all new QTLs were analyzed based on germination traits, i.e., final germination percentage (FG%), germination energy (GE), germination speed (GS), germination index (GI), mean germination time (MGT), germination value (GV), germination velocity (GVe), peak value of germination (GPV), and germination capacity (GC), and growth traits, such as root length (RL), shoot length (SL), total dry biomass (TDB) and germination vigor index (GVI). The phenotypic evolution showed transgressive variations. For genome-wide mapping, 90 polymorphic SSRs with 4 gene-specific markers and Win QTL Cart were used for QTL analysis. In all, 35 QTLs for germination and 11 QTLs for seedling growth were detected in distinct chromosomal regions by composite interval mapping (CIM), and multiple interval mapping (MIM) confirmed the pleiotropy at region RM128 on chromosome 1. Based on our genetic mapping studies, the genes/QTLs underlying tolerance to Al3+ toxicity could differ for both the germination and seedling stages in segregated populations. The QTLs identified in this study could be a source of new alleles for improving tolerance to Al3+ toxicity in rice.
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination
  18. Biodegradation of high di-(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) concentration by food waste composting and its toxicity assessment using seed germination test
    Tran HT, Lin C, Lam SS, Le TH, Hoang HG, Bui XT, et al.
    Environ Pollut, 2023 Jan 01;316(Pt 2):120640.
    PMID: 36403881 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120640
    Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a plasticizer derived from phthalate ester, is used as an additive in industrial products such as plastics, paints, and medical devices. However, DEHP is known as an endocrine-disrupting chemical, causing cancers and adverse effects on human health. This study evaluated DEHP biodegradation efficiency via food waste composting during 35 days of incubation. At high DEHP concentrations (2167 mg kg-1) in food waste compost mixture, the DEHP biodegradation efficiency was 99% after 35 days. The highest degradation efficiency was recorded at the thermophilic phase (day 3 - day 11) with the biodegradation rate reached 187 mg kg-1 day-1. DEHP was metabolized to dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and would be oxidized to benzyl alcohol (BA) and mineralized into CO2 and water via various metabolisms. Finally, the compost's quality with residual DEHP was evaluated using Brassica chinensis L. seeds via 96 h of germination tests. The compost (at day 35) with a trace amount of DEHP as the end product showed no significant effect on the germination rate of Brassica chinensis L. seeds (88%) compared to that without DEHP (94%), indicating that the compost can be reused as fertilizer in agricultural applications. These results provide an improved understanding of the DEHP biodegradation via food waste composting without bioaugmentation and hence facilitating its green remediation and conversion into value-added products. Nevertheless, further studies are needed on DEHP biodegradation in large-scale food waste composting or industrial applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination
  19. Effects of different vermicompost extracts of palm oil mill effluent and palm-pressed fiber mixture on seed germination of mung bean and its relative toxicity
    Rupani PF, Embrandiri A, Ibrahim MH, Ghole V, Lee CT, Abbaspour M
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2018 Dec;25(36):35805-35810.
    PMID: 29663297 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1875-8
    Several treatment technologies are available for the treatment of palm oil mill wastes. Vermicomposting is widely recognized as efficient, eco-friendly methods for converting organic waste materials to valuable products. This study evaluates the effect of different vermicompost extracts obtained from palm oil mill effluent (POME) and palm-pressed fiber (PPF) mixtures on the germination, growth, relative toxicity, and photosynthetic pigments of mung beans (Vigna radiata) plant. POME contains valuable nutrients and can be used as a liquid fertilizer for fertigation. Mung bean seeds were sown in petri dishes irrigated with different dilutions of vermicomposted POME-PPF extracts, namely 50, 60, and 70% at varying dilutions. Results showed that at lower dilutions, the vermicompost extracts showed favorable effects on seed germination, seedling growth, and total chlorophyll content in mung bean seedlings, but at higher dilutions, they showed inhibitory effects. The carotenoid contents also decreased with increased dilutions of POME-PPF. This study recommends that the extracts could serve as a good source of fertilizer for the germination and growth enhancement of mung bean seedlings at the recommended dilutions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination
  20. Decolourisation of Acid Orange 7 recalcitrant auto-oxidation coloured by-products using an acclimatised mixed bacterial culture
    Bay HH, Lim CK, Kee TC, Ware I, Chan GF, Shahir S, et al.
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2014 Mar;21(5):3891-906.
    PMID: 24293297 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2331-4
    This study focuses on the biodegradation of recalcitrant, coloured compounds resulting from auto-oxidation of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) in a sequential facultative anaerobic-aerobic treatment system. A novel mixed bacterial culture, BAC-ZS, consisting of Brevibacillus panacihumi strain ZB1, Lysinibacillus fusiformis strain ZB2, and Enterococcus faecalis strain ZL bacteria were isolated from environmental samples. The acclimatisation of the mixed culture was carried out in an AO7 decolourised solution. The acclimatised mixed culture showed 98 % decolourisation within 2 h of facultative anaerobic treatment using yeast extract and glucose as co-substrate. Subsequent aerobic post treatment caused auto-oxidation reaction forming dark coloured compounds that reduced the percentage decolourisation to 73 %. Interestingly, further agitations of the mixed culture in the solution over a period of 48 h significantly decolourise the coloured compounds and increased the decolourisation percentage to 90 %. Analyses of the degradation compounds using UV-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed complete degradation of recalcitrant AO7 by the novel BAC-ZS. Phytotoxicity tests using Cucumis sativus confirmed the dye solution after post aerobic treatment were less toxic compared to the parent dye. The quantitative real-time PCR revealed that E. faecalis strain ZL was the dominant strain in the acclimatised mix culture.
    Matched MeSH terms: Germination/drug effects
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