MyMedR

Fulltext Benign teratoma of the nasal cavity

Sreetharan SS, Prepageran N

Med J Malaysia, 2004 Dec;59(5):678-9.

A teratoma is a true neoplasm composed of an assortment of tissue often alien to the site from it arises. Teratomas of the head and neck are exceedingly rare and usually present in the neonatal period. Most of these are found in the cervical region and nasopharynx. Though most tumors are benign, they are often malignant with regards to the location. Here we present a rare case of benign teratoma arising from the nasal septum and presenting for the first time in a young adult. Appropriate literature is reviewed.

Matched MeSH terms: Nasal Cavity/pathology*; Nose Neoplasms/pathology*; Teratoma/pathology*

Fasciolosis (liver fluke) of the breast in a male patient: a case report

Naresh G, Gomez PA, Salmah B, Suryati MY

Breast, 2006 Feb;15(1):103-5.

PMID: 16024249

Fasciolosis is an uncommon disease in this region, as are parasitic infections of the breast. This report describes a 56-year-old man with a previous history of liver abscess presenting with a painful breast mass. He underwent a mastectomy and is well. The pathological findings revealed chronic granulomatous mastitis with Fasciola spp. ova. The literature on this very rare condition is reviewed.

Matched MeSH terms: Fascioliasis/pathology; Granuloma/pathology; Mastitis/pathology

Darier disease: a case report

Jalil AA, Zain RB, van der Waal I

Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2005 Aug;43(4):336-8.

PMID: 15993288

The diagnosis of Darier disease of the oral mucosa was made only after biopsying a leukoplakia-like lesion of the palate.

Matched MeSH terms: Darier Disease/pathology*; Mouth Diseases/pathology*; Mouth Mucosa/pathology

The role of infarct transmural extent in infarct extension: A computational study

Leong CN, Lim E, Andriyana A, Al Abed A, Lovell NH, Hayward C, et al.

Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng, 2017 Feb;33(2).

PMID: 27043925 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.2794

Infarct extension, a process involving progressive extension of the infarct zone (IZ) into the normally perfused border zone (BZ), leads to continuous degradation of the myocardial function and adverse remodelling. Despite carrying a high risk of mortality, detailed understanding of the mechanisms leading to BZ hypoxia and infarct extension remains unexplored. In the present study, we developed a 3D truncated ellipsoidal left ventricular model incorporating realistic electromechanical properties and fibre orientation to examine the mechanical interaction among the remote, infarct and BZs in the presence of varying infarct transmural extent (TME). Localized highly abnormal systolic fibre stress was observed at the BZ, owing to the simultaneous presence of moderately increased stiffness and fibre strain at this region, caused by the mechanical tethering effect imposed by the overstretched IZ. Our simulations also demonstrated the greatest tethering effect and stress in BZ regions with fibre direction tangential to the BZ-remote zone boundary. This can be explained by the lower stiffness in the cross-fibre direction, which gave rise to a greater stretching of the IZ in this direction. The average fibre strain of the IZ, as well as the maximum stress in the sub-endocardial layer, increased steeply from 10% to 50% infarct TME, and slower thereafter. Based on our stress-strain loop analysis, we found impairment in the myocardial energy efficiency and elevated energy expenditure with increasing infarct TME, which we believe to place the BZ at further risk of hypoxia. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Matched MeSH terms: Heart Ventricles/pathology; Heart Ventricles/physiopathology; Myocardial Infarction/pathology*; Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology*; Myocardium/pathology

Fulltext Utility of pre-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio as prognostic factors in breast cancer

Koh CH, Bhoo-Pathy N, Ng KL, Jabir RS, Tan GH, See MH, et al.

Br. J. Cancer, 2015 Jun 30;113(1):150-8.

PMID: 26022929 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.183

Peripheral blood-derived inflammation-based scores such as the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have recently been proposed as prognostic markers in solid tumours. Although evidence to support these markers as unfavourable prognostic factors is more compelling in gastrointestinal cancers, very little is known of their impact on breast cancer. We investigated the association between the NLR and PLR, and overall survival after breast cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Platelets/pathology*; Breast Neoplasms/physiopathology*; Lymphocytes/pathology*; Neutrophils/pathology*

Fulltext A game system for cognitive rehabilitation

Shapi'i A, Mat Zin NA, Elaklouk AM

Biomed Res Int, 2015;2015:493562.

PMID: 25815320 DOI: 10.1155/2015/493562

Brain injury such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke is the major cause of long-term disabilities in many countries. The increasing rate of brain damaged victims and the heterogeneity of impairments decrease rehabilitation effectiveness and competence resulting in higher cost of rehabilitation treatment. On the other hand, traditional rehabilitation exercises are boring, thus leading patients to neglect the prescribed exercises required for recovery. Therefore, we propose game-based approach to address these problems. This paper presents a rehabilitation gaming system (RGS) for cognitive rehabilitation. The RGS is developed based on a proposed conceptual framework which has also been presented in this paper.

Matched MeSH terms: Brain Injuries/pathology; Cognition Disorders/pathology; Stroke/pathology

Fulltext Ewing's sarcoma of the talus in a four-year-old child

Rasit AH, Sharaf I, Rahman HA

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Jun;56 Suppl C:86-8.

PMID: 11814259

Ewing's sarcoma is a rare malignant tumor of the foot in children. We report a case of Ewing's sarcoma of the talus in a four-year-old Chinese girl to highlight the initial difficulty in diagnosis and the clinical course of the disease. She was initially diagnosed as osteomyelitis of the talus and died eight months after presentation with pleural and spinal metastases. To the best of our knowledge, Ewing's sarcoma of the talus in a young child has never been reported in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Bone Neoplasms/pathology*; Sarcoma, Ewing/pathology*; Talus/pathology*

The value of cytology in granulomatous mastitis: a report of 16 cases from Malaysia

Yip CH, Jayaram G, Swain M

Aust N Z J Surg, 2000 Feb;70(2):103-5.

PMID: 10711470

BACKGROUND: Granulomatous mastitis is a rare condition of the breast that can mimic a carcinoma. There are characteristic histological features, the most important of which is a predominantly lobular inflammatory process. It must be differentiated from known causes of granulomatous inflammation, such as tuberculosis.

METHODS: In the present paper, the clinical and pathological features of 16 patients with granulomatous mastitis seen over a 3-year period in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, are described.

RESULTS: A clinical suspicion of malignancy was present in 10 cases. One of the patients was nulliparous. One had an associated hyperprolactinaemia, while two had systemic lupus erythromatosis. One of the patients was pregnant at the time of presentation. Four patients had localized lumps excised, five were treated conservatively because the lesion was too extensive to resect, and seven patients required drainage procedures for abscess formation.

CONCLUSION: Awareness of this condition is important because it mimics a carcinoma, and surgery may not be the best treatment for recurrent disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/pathology; Granuloma/pathology*; Mastitis/pathology*

Fulltext Appendicular metastasis from carcinoma cervix

Sudirman A, Sukumar N, Davaraj B

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Mar;56(1):100-1.

PMID: 11503286

A young lady who was treated for early squamous cell carcinoma of cervix presented with perforated appendicitis. Appendicectomy was done and the histopathology was reported as metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix metastasizing to the appendix is extremely rare and we previously unreported.

Matched MeSH terms: Appendiceal Neoplasms/pathology; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology*

Extramammary Paget's disease presenting as condylomata lata

Mohammed KN

Int J STD AIDS, 1993 Jul-Aug;4(4):242-3.

PMID: 8399509

Matched MeSH terms: Anus Neoplasms/pathology*; Paget Disease, Extramammary/pathology*; Treponemal Infections/pathology*

Fulltext Massive ovarian cysts--successful management of two cases

Ravindran J

Med J Malaysia, 1994 Sep;49(3):303-5.

PMID: 7845287

Massive ovarian cysts are not commonly encountered. They frequently present a challenge to the gynaecologist who is faced with them. Two cases of successful removal of massive ovarian cysts are presented. Successful management would involve recognition of complications which occur at various steps in the treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Ovarian Cysts/pathology*; Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology; Cystadenoma, Mucinous/pathology

Holoprosencephaly in neonates

Ram SP, Noor AR, Mahbar Z, Krishna TN

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 1994 Mar;29(1):65-71.

PMID: 8169049

A single nostril associated with alobar holoprosencephaly is a rare congenital lesion. This paper reports two female term neonates with holoprosencephaly. The first neonate asphyxiated at birth had a single nostril, hypotelorism, posterior cleft palate, inferonasal coloboma of the iris and disc and persistent tunica vasculosa lentis. The other neonate had cleft lip and palate and recurrent convulsions. Both neonates had gross motor and developmental delay. Cranial sonography and CT scan showed features consistent with alobar holoprosencephaly. Karyotyping for the first neonate and her family members was normal. Both of them were treated conservatively and supervised.

Matched MeSH terms: Cleft Lip/pathology; Cleft Palate/pathology; Holoprosencephaly/pathology*

Lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukaemia presenting as perichondritis of the pinna

Indudharan R, Arni T, Myint KK, Jackson N

J Laryngol Otol, 1998 Jun;112(6):592-4.

PMID: 9764308

Extra-nodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of the pinna has only been reported once in a patient with immunodeficiency. We report an unusual case of lymphoblastic lymphoma in a patient without any immunodeficiency, presenting as an inflammatory lesion of the pinna, which illustrates the need to biopsy any non-healing lesion as soon as possible to ensure that such a treatable malignancy is diagnosed at an early stage.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear Neoplasms/pathology*; Ear, External/pathology*; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/pathology*

The histopathology of human melioidosis

Wong KT, Puthucheary SD, Vadivelu J

Histopathology, 1995 Jan;26(1):51-5.

PMID: 7713483

We examined human tissues infected by Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) pseudomallei which is endemic in Malaysia to study the types of inflammation invoked, and to look for histopathological clues to its diagnosis. The lesions which varied from acute to chronic granulomatous inflammation were not tissue-specific. In five autopsy cases, the inflammation was usually a focal or diffuse, acute necrotising inflammation with varying numbers of neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes and 'giant cells'. The 'giant cells' probably represent giant macrophages with phagocytosed leukocytes. There were numerous gram-negative, non-acid-fast, intra- and extracellular bacilli, occurring either singly or in chains. Intracellular bacteria within macrophages and 'giant cells' were so numerous as to resemble globi. This feature has not been previously reported and may be a useful diagnostic clue in melioidosis. In 14 surgical cases biopsies showed acute inflammatory lesions that appeared no different from acute inflammation due to other causes. In many biopsies, however, the inflammation was either an acute-on-chronic inflammation with a focal granulomatous component, or was purely granulomatous in character. Bacilli were difficult to demonstrate in surgical biopsies even with the gram strain.

Matched MeSH terms: Abscess/pathology; Granuloma/pathology; Melioidosis/pathology*

An anomalous muscle in the distal half of the arm

Dharap AS

Surg Radiol Anat, 1994;16(1):97-9.

PMID: 8047976

During dissection an anomalous muscle was found on the medial aspect in the distal half of one left upper extremity. This muscle arose from the humerus between the m. coracobrachialis and the m. brachialis, passed obliquely across the front of the brachial artery and median nerve and blended with the common origin of the forearm flexor muscles. It does not appear to be an additional head of the biceps brachii or the brachialis muscles. The existence of this anomalous muscle should be kept in mind in a patient presenting with a high median nerve palsy together with symptoms of brachial artery compression.

Matched MeSH terms: Brachial Artery/pathology; Median Nerve/pathology; Muscles/pathology

The combined epithelial odontogenic tumour in Malaysians

Siar CH, Ng KH

Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 1991 Apr;29(2):106-9.

PMID: 2049349

The combined epithelial odontogenic tumour represents a hybrid lesion comprising primarily areas of adenomatoid odontogenic tumour intermixed with foci of calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour. Five such cases retrieved from the files of the Division of Stomatology, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, and four others from the existing literature were analysed. A mean age of 18.8 years, a female preponderance (66.7%) with a male to female ratio of 1:2 and predilection for the mandible (55.6%) were observed. All cases were treated by conservative surgery and the lack of recurrence confirmed the innocuous nature of this lesion.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology; Epithelium/pathology; Odontogenic Tumors/pathology*

High-grade malignant mucoepidermoid tumour of tongue. A case report

Ng KH, Siar CH

Singapore Dent J, 1989 Dec;14(1):42-5.

PMID: 2487475

Mucoepidermoid tumours of the minor salivary glands of the tongue are rarely encountered. A case of a high-grade malignant type is reported here. Merits of subdivision of the mucoepidermoid tumour on the basis of its malignant potential are outlined, and variations of histological presentation of the present tumour at its primary and nodal sites are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma/pathology; Submandibular Gland Neoplasms/pathology*; Tongue Neoplasms/pathology*

Torsion of ovarian tumors: a clinicopathological study

Lee CH, Raman S, Sivanesaratnam V

Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 1989 Jan;28(1):21-5.

PMID: 2565826

Torsion of ovarian tumors occurred predominantly in the reproductive age group. The majority of the cases presented in pregnant (22.7%) than in non-pregnant (6.1%) women. The major presenting symptom was pain but an abdominal mass was palpable in 79.4% of cases. Torsion was more common on the right ovary and 50% were gangrenous at laparotomy. Most of the tumors were benign cystic teratomas. Only 8.7% of the tumors were malignant.

Matched MeSH terms: Gangrene/pathology; Hemorrhage/pathology; Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology*

Plexiform granular cell odontogenic tumor: unicystic variant

Siar CH, Ng KH, Jalil NA

Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol., 1991 Jul;72(1):82-5.

PMID: 1891247

Plexiform granular cell odontogenic tumor of the mandible has recently been described. The cardinal histopathologic feature, as its name suggests, is a monophasic plexiform pattern of granular cells; the principal tumor in the differential diagnosis is granular cell ameloblastoma. Unlike the two previously reported cases of plexiform granular cell odontogenic tumor, which occurred as solid tumors in elderly men, the lesion reported here is a unicystic variant occurring in a middle-aged woman.

Matched MeSH terms: Epithelium/pathology; Mandibular Neoplasms/pathology*; Odontogenic Tumors/pathology*

Transmigration of permanent mandibular canines. Case report

Shanmuhasuntharam P, Boon LC

Aust Dent J, 1991 Jun;36(3):209-13.

PMID: 1877915

Transmigration is the migration of a tooth across the midline of the jaw. This phenomenon is found only in relation to the permanent mandibular canines. Two cases are reported. In both, the cause of this deviation was an odontome found in the site normally occupied by the mandibular canine. The literature on transmigration is reviewed.

Matched MeSH terms: Mandibular Neoplasms/pathology; Odontoma/pathology; Tooth, Unerupted/pathology

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