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Fulltext The reciprocal relationships between meaning in life and smartphone addiction among Chinese college students: evidence from a three-wave cross-lagged panel model

Zhao H, Song T, Rafik-Galea S, Dong J, Fitriana M, Ji Y, et al.

Front Public Health, 2023;11:1202741.
PMID: 37521981 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1202741

BACKGROUND: Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that meaning in life (MIL) is closely associated with college students' smartphone addiction (SA), but the causal relationship between MIL and college students' SA is uncertain. Therefore, conducting a longitudinal study to explore their relationship is very necessary. Furthermore, some studies have implied possible gender differences in the relationship between MIL and SA and the relationship between SA and MIL. Therefore, it is necessary to further examine whether there are gender differences in the above relationships.
METHODS: The present study constructed a three-wave cross-lag panel model to explore the relationships between MIL and college students' SA. Three waves of data were collected from 705 college students (male: 338; female: 367) in China for three consecutive years, and the interval of data collection was 1 year. These college students completed the same online questionnaire regarding MIL and SA.
RESULTS: (1) The MIL of male college students was significantly stronger than that of female college students at time 1, time 2, and time 3, (2) Female college students' SA at time 1, time 2, and time 3 was more serious than that of male college students, (3) There were reciprocal relationships between MIL and college students' SA, (4) The influence of MIL on female college students' SA was significantly stronger than that of male college students, and (5) The influence of SA on female college students' MIL was significantly stronger than that of male college students.
CONCLUSION: This study showed reciprocal relationships between MIL and SA among male college students and female college students. The findings further deepen our understanding of the relationship between MIL and SA and provide a gender perspective for preventing or intervening with college students' SA.

Matched MeSH terms: Students*
Scaffolding dermatological learning with near-peer teaching for preclinical-year medical students

Ting JSK, Tan YL, Veasuvalingam B, Yap AYM, Ghui SM, Yong JL, et al.

Clin Exp Dermatol, 2023 Aug 25;48(9):998-1006.
PMID: 37097177 DOI: 10.1093/ced/llad149

BACKGROUND: To date, to our knowledge, there has not been a study on dermatological teaching in the preclinical years (usually the first 2 years of medical school), where the majority of learning takes place in the form of lectures and seminars. Near-peer teaching (NPT) involves students who are at least one academic year more senior imparting knowledge to junior students. The principles behind scaffolding are having a more experienced teacher to guide learning, breaking down learning into smaller tasks and helping to build interest in learning.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of NPT in scaffolding dermatological learning among preclinical-year medical students.
METHODS: Near-peer teachers who are content experts in dermatology taught alongside conventional teaching with lecturers. We employed five quiz questions before and after the case launch lecture, where students were first exposed to dermatology. We also invited students to provide feedback using a questionnaire on NPT in dermatology at the end of the case 8 teaching week.
RESULTS: In total, 74 students participated in the pre- and post-lecture quiz questions, and 47 completed feedback. There was overwhelmingly positive feedback towards NPT, and various learning theories can help explain the success of this project.
CONCLUSIONS: Preclinical students enjoy dermatological teaching with the involvement of suitable near-peers. With the professional barrier removed, students can better relate to near-peers (and vice versa). Helping students understand the relevance of dermatology in the clinical setting at an early stage and adopting learning tools such as mnemonics, summary tables, comparison tables and mapping teaching with the learning curriculum clearly helped students learn about dermatology.

Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical*
Fulltext Assessing disparities in medical students' knowledge and attitude about monkeypox: a cross-sectional study of 27 countries across three continents

Abd ElHafeez S, Gebreal A, Khalil MA, Youssef N, Sallam M, Elshabrawy A, et al.

Front Public Health, 2023;11:1192542.
PMID: 37575128 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1192542

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The recent monkeypox (Mpox) outbreak confirmed by the World Health Organization (WHO) underscores the importance of evaluating the knowledge and attitude of medical students toward emerging diseases, given their potential roles as healthcare professionals and sources of public information during outbreaks. This study aimed to assess medical students' knowledge and attitude about Mpox and to identify factors affecting their level of knowledge and attitude in low-income and high-income countries.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 11,919 medical students from 27 countries. A newly-developed validated questionnaire was used to collect data on knowledge (14 items), attitude (12 items), and baseline criteria. The relationship between a range of factors with knowledge and attitude was studied using univariate and multivariate analyses.
RESULTS: 46% of the study participants were males; 10.7% were in their sixth year; 54.6% knew about smallpox; 84% received the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine; and 12.5% had training on Mpox. 55.3% had good knowledge of Mpox and 51.7% had a positive attitude towards it. Medical students in their third, fifth, or sixth year high- income countries who obtained information on Mpox from friends, research articles, social media and scientific websites were positive predictors for good knowledge. Conversely, being male or coming from high-income countries showed a negative relation with good knowledge about Mpox. Additionally, a positive attitude was directly influenced by residing in urban areas, being in the fifth year of medical education, having knowledge about smallpox and a history of receiving the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. Receiving information about Mpox from social media or scientific websites and possessing good knowledge about Mpox were also predictors of a positive attitude. On the other hand, being male, employed, or receiving a training program about Mpox were inversely predicting positive attitude about Mpox.
CONCLUSION: There were differences in knowledge and attitude towards Mpox between medical students in low and high-income countries, emphasizing the need for incorporating epidemiology of re-emerging diseases like Mpox into the medical curriculum to improve disease prevention and control.

Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical*
Pharmacogenetics: a perspective and preparedness of Pharm-D and medical students in Jordan

Zawiah M, Yousef AM, Al-Ashwal FY, Abduljabbar R, Al-Jamei S, Hayat Khan A, et al.

Pharmacogenet Genomics, 2021 Aug 01;31(6):125-132.
PMID: 34187984 DOI: 10.1097/FPC.0000000000000430

BACKGROUND: Pharmacogenetics (PGx) science has evolved significantly with a huge number of studies exploring the effect of genetic variants on interindividual variability of drug response. In this study, we assessed the knowledge, attitudes and preparedness of Pharm-D vs. medical students toward PGx.
METHOD: A paper-based cross-sectional survey was performed. A pilot-tested questionnaire consisting of 21 questions (demographics 5, knowledge 6, attitude 6, and preparedness 4) was administered to 900 healthcare students at different years of study. Descriptive and inferential analyses were used.
RESULTS: Out of the 900 students approached, 852 (94.7%) completed the questionnaire. The overall students' mean (SD) percentage knowledge score (PKS) was poor [46.7% (18.7)]. The mean (SD) attitude and preparedness scores for all students were 4.68 (1.32), and 1.9 (1.40), respectively, indicating overall positive attitudes, but low preparedness to apply PGx to clinical care. Pharm-D students' overall PKS was significantly higher than medical students (P

Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical*
Fulltext A need to rethink and mold consensus regarding pharmacy education in developing countries

Hassali MA, Ahmadi K, Yong GC

Am J Pharm Educ, 2013 Aug 12;77(6):112.
PMID: 23966715 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe776112
Matched MeSH terms: Students, Pharmacy*
Fulltext The Use of Building Blocks to Teach Communication and Social Skills to First-year Pharmacy Students

Lee SWH, Saw PS

Am J Pharm Educ, 2021 Sep;85(8):8464.
PMID: 34615624 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe8464

Objective. To conduct an innovative workshop activity using plastic building blocks to create a student-centric environment that encouraged development of creative thinking skills and self-reflection in undergraduate pharmacy students.Methods. Students were randomly allocated into small groups of four and assigned the role of either architect or team builder and tasked with creating a LEGO robot. Students were not allowed to speak during the activity. The architect was tasked with providing instructions to team builders on how to build the robot using nonverbal communication. After completion of the task, each group was asked to reflect on the exercise and share what they learned with the entire class. These discussions were video recorded and thematically analyzed.Results. The metaphorical models that students built served as a basis for discussion, problem-solving, and decision-making. Students described how this activity enabled them to mentally and visually link abstract concepts, such as decision-making and problem-solving, to actual practice. Three themes were identified from the qualitative study: thinking with hands, listening with eyes; linking theory to practice; and learning through reflection.Conclusion. This activity offered a non-confrontational way to support communication and the learning process. The use of an interactive game can be a useful teaching strategy to create an active-learning environment, helping pharmacy students improve their social and cognitive skills, such as decision-making, problem-solving, and communication.

Matched MeSH terms: Students, Pharmacy*
Fulltext A qualitative study on self-regulated learning among high performing medical students

Foong CC, Bashir Ghouse NL, Lye AJ, Khairul Anhar Holder NA, Pallath V, Hong WH, et al.

BMC Med Educ, 2021 Jun 05;21(1):320.
PMID: 34090439 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-021-02712-w

BACKGROUND: Self-regulated learning (SRL) is an important contributing element to the academic success of students. Literature suggests that the understanding of SRL among medical students is obscure as there is still some uncertainty about whether high performing medical students use SRL. This study explored the characteristics of high performing medical students from the SRL perspective to gain a better understanding of the application of SRL for effective learning.
METHODS: Twenty-one students who scored at the 90th percentile in written knowledge-based assessment consented to participate in this study. Each student wrote a guided reflective journal and subsequently attended a semi-structured interview. Students were prompted to explain the rationales for their answers. The data were then analysed using thematic analysis to identify patterns among these students from the SRL perspective. Two coders analysed the data independently and discussed the codes to reach a consensus.
RESULTS: High performing students set goals, made plans, and motivated themselves to achieve the goals. They put consistent efforts into their studies and applied effective learning strategies. They also employed coping mechanisms to deal with challenges. High performing students regularly evaluated their performance and adopted new strategies.
CONCLUSIONS: This study reported that high performing students applied SRL and described the rationales of practice. Medical schools could design SRL-driven interventions to enhance the learning experiences of medical students. Recommendations are made for students on how to apply SRL.

Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical*
Teaching clinical toxinology in medical schools: The need, challenges and opportunities

Chew KS

Med J Malaysia, 2023 Nov;78(6):845-846.
PMID: 38031229

Clinical toxinology is an essential subject that should be included in undergraduate medical curricula. By equipping students with the knowledge and skills to identify and treat venomous animals and use antivenom appropriately reduces the risk of medical negligence and delays in treating and transporting these patients. Unfortunately, given the packed curriculum of undergraduate medical programs, it is important to focus on providing students with essential knowledge and skills to function as competent house officers. Student-centered learning approaches, such as gamification and community service projects, can be effective in enhancing learning and promoting awareness of appropriate toxin-related public measures.

Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical*
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of white coat use among medical students during clinical practice (LAUNDERKAP): A cross-sectional study

Chan CK, Lam TY, Mohanavel L, Ghani JA, Anuar ASK, Lee CJ, et al.

Am J Infect Control, 2024 Jan;52(1):35-40.
PMID: 37423404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2023.06.022

BACKGROUND: Recent studies found white coats to be reservoirs for bacteria and medical students did not conform to proper hygiene measures when using these white coats. We investigated the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of medical students toward white coat use in clinical settings (LAUNDERKAP).
METHODS: A validated, online-based survey was disseminated to 670 students from four Malaysian medical schools via random sampling. Scores were classified into good, moderate, or poor knowledge and practice, and positive, neutral, or negative attitude. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to analyze the relationship between demographic variables and knowledge, attitude, and practice scores.
RESULTS: A total of 492/670 students responded (response rate: 73.4%). A majority showed negative attitudes (n = 246, 50%), poor knowledge (n = 294, 59.8%), and moderate practice (n = 239, 48.6%). Senior and clinical year students had more negative attitudes. Male students had higher knowledge, while students from private medical schools and preclinical years had better practice. There was a significant relationship between attitude and practice (r = 0.224, P

Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical*
Evolution of a self-renewing, participant-centered workshop series in BMB assessment

Tyler L, Kennelly PJ, Engelman S, Block KF, Bobenko JC, Catalano J, et al.

Biochem Mol Biol Educ, 2024;52(1):58-69.
PMID: 37815098 DOI: 10.1002/bmb.21789

We present as a case study the evolution of a series of participant-centered workshops designed to meet a need in the life sciences education community-the incorporation of best practices in the assessment of student learning. Initially, the ICABL (Inclusive Community for the Assessment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology/BMB Learning) project arose from a grass-roots effort to develop material for a national exam in biochemistry and molecular biology. ICABL has since evolved into a community of practice in which participants themselves-through extensive peer review and reflection-become integral stakeholders in the workshops. To examine this evolution, this case study begins with a pilot workshop supported by seed funding and thoughtful programmatic assessment, the results of which informed evidence-based changes that, in turn, led to an improved experience for the community. Using participant response data, the case study also reveals critical features for successful workshops, including participant-centered activities and the value of frequent peer review of participants' products. Furthermore, we outline a train-the-trainer model for creating a self-renewing community by bringing new perspectives and voices into an existing core leadership team. This case study, then, offers a blueprint for building a thriving, evolving community of practice that not only serves the needs of individual scientist-educators as they seek to enhance student learning, but also provides a pathway for elevating members to positions of leadership.

Matched MeSH terms: Students*
Fulltext Tangible impact of patient communication modules on medical students and interns

Nayak V, Nayak KR, Goyal S, Jain S, Prabhath S, Palimar V, et al.

Adv Physiol Educ, 2024 Mar 01;48(1):40-48.
PMID: 38059281 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00092.2023

Attitude, ethics, and communication are key attributes in the doctor-patient relationship and to strengthen these qualities, the National Medical Commission, the body that regulates medical education and medical professionals in India introduced a course called Attitudes, Ethics and Communication (AETCOM) in the undergraduate medical curriculum. The objective of this study was to ascertain the perceptible qualitative influence of the modules in communication in the AETCOM course and to obtain feedback on its implementation. In this cross-sectional study, the attitude of medical students in all stages of training including internship was first explored using a Communication Skills Attitude Scale. Out of 27 modules in AETCOM course, five modules named foundations of communication deal with communication, and they are taught from the first to final professional years of training. After introducing communication modules in AETCOM for all professional years, feedback was collected from interns who had completed training in all modules. The interns provided feedback with a validated scale and two focused group discussions. Additionally, feedback from faculty involved in teaching AETCOM was analyzed. There was a significant increase in the positive attitude scores in the final year and internship compared to the first year. Eighty percent of the interns agreed that communication modules in AETCOM were useful and that they equipped them with the communication skills required for actual practice during their internship. Faculty agreed that these modules motivated the students to acquire communication skills. However, faculty also felt that these modules alone may not be sufficient to learn communication skills.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In the current study, we have assessed the attitude of medical students toward learning communication skills in all stages of their training. The novelty of our study is that communication modules were formally introduced for the first time into the medical curriculum and feedback was obtained from a cohort of interns who completed training in all modules in communication from AETCOM. The feedback from faculty and students provided us with concepts to improvise these modules.

Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical*
Fulltext Assessing the impact of entrepreneurial education activity on entrepreneurial intention and behavior: role of behavioral entrepreneurial mindset

Yan J, Huang T, Xiao Y

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2023 Feb;30(10):26292-26307.
PMID: 36357759 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23878-w

This study explores the relationship between Entrepreneurship Education (EE) and Entrepreneurial Intentions (EI) using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). From January through May of 2022, students from 10 Chinese institutions were surveyed using an online questionnaire. According to the research, students' EI scores rose significantly after participating in EE. In addition, students in China had a more significant impact on EI regarding factors like perceived feasibility and desirability. This study extends the body of knowledge about the connection between prior exposure and early intervention (EI) by demonstrating the beneficial effects of PE on EI. In addition, the results suggest that girls have lower EI than males, which is good news for gender equality. Lastly, the behavioral entrepreneur attitude has a favorable correlation with EI. Policymakers and university administrators might use the findings to understand better how and when extracurricular activities (EE) improve students' emotional intelligence (EI). A pioneering empirical study in a developing South-Asian setting shows the relevance of EE on EI among students at private universities. According to the study, EE generates EI, and entrepreneurial enthusiasm is crucial.

Matched MeSH terms: Students*
Fulltext Motivations, barriers and exercise preferences among female undergraduates: A need assessment analysis

Othman MS, Mat Ludin AF, Chen LL, Hossain H, Abdul Halim II, Sameeha MJ, et al.

PLoS One, 2022;17(2):e0264158.
PMID: 35226684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264158

INTRODUCTION: The decreasing level of physical activity among female undergraduates is worrying as it is associated with the increased risk of non-communicable diseases. Thus, this study aimed to identify the motivations, barriers and preferences towards exercise among female undergraduates in Malaysia.
METHODS: A non-probability purposive sampling was used for the recruitment process. The inclusion criteria of the participants were registered female undergraduates and aged between 18-30 years old. A semi-structured in-depth interview was used to collect topic-related information from the participants and signed consents were obtained prior to the interview. The interview questions were on respondents' understanding of exercise, motivation and barriers to exercise, and exercise preferences. The recruitment process was conducted until the data was saturated. All interviews were audio recorded and manually transcribed verbatim. NVivo 11 was used to conduct the inductive analysis of the data to develop themes for motivation and barriers to exercise. For exercise preferences, four predetermined themes were used.
FINDINGS: A total of 26 respondents participated in this study. Eight themes were found for motivation to exercise, with the most common themes being maintaining or improving appearance, health benefits and togetherness. For barriers of exercising, five themes were found, and the most common ones were disliking exercise and no motivation. For exercise preferences, most respondents preferred a structured exercise program with flexibility in terms of when and where the exercise could be conducted. Light or moderate intensity exercise for 10-30 minutes with a frequency of 1-2 times a week was desired the most among the respondents.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, personal and environmental factors play important roles in motivating or hampering female undergraduates to exercise, and a structured program was the preferred mode of exercise of these respondents. A new exercise module was designed based on this needs assessment with a 70% acceptance rate among the participants. These findings can help the future development of more exercise modules tailored to female university students.

Matched MeSH terms: Students*
The Singapore years and subsequently

Mahathir M

Ann Acad Med Singap, 2005 Jul;34(6):42C-44C.
PMID: 16010378

Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad was a medical student at the King Edward VII College of Medicine from 1947 to 1953. He described his student days with fondness; he made many friends while he was at the College. He recounted his early days as a doctor before he entered politics in 1964. He became the fourth and longest serving Prime Minister of Malaysia for 22 years from 1981 to 2003. He concluded "The contribution of my Medical College days in Singapore to the racial harmony, peace and prosperity of Malaysia is tangible but unquantifiable."

Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/history*
A cross-sectional assessment of clinical photography knowledge among dental students in Malaysia

Lee CH, Teo WJ, Jasni AD, Ali NAN, Ang Y

J Vis Commun Med, 2024 Apr;47(2):56-61.
PMID: 39499042 DOI: 10.1080/17453054.2024.2423088

Dental photography is gaining popularity in contemporary dentistry, but its knowledge was unregulated in most dental schools' curriculum. The study aims to evaluate the level of photography practice and knowledge among dental students in Malaysia, acting as a baseline to include dental photography as a subject in the current curriculum. A series of questions were designed and validated by experts with a content validity index of 0.84. Questionnaires were distributed to the dental students with varied years of clinical experience. The level of knowledge was categorised into poor, weak, subpar, average, good and excellent. The common photography practice and courses attended were also tabulated. Among the 344 respondents, the most commonly used equipment was phone cameras (70.66%), whereas only 16.09% used digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) cameras. The majority of dental students did not attend any photography-related courses (69.48%). Based on the level of photography knowledge, dental students mostly scored 'subpar' (25.84%), with no statistically significant differences between the years of clinical experience (p = 0.236). Therefore, proper and comprehensive dental photography courses should be imparted in the current curriculum to improve students' skills and knowledge.

Matched MeSH terms: Students, Dental*
Fulltext Mental Health Risk Factors and Coping Strategies among Students in Asia Pacific during COVID-19 Pandemic-A Scoping Review

Kaur W, Balakrishnan V, Chen YY, Periasamy J

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022 Jul 22;19(15).
PMID: 35897264 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19158894

The impact of COVID-19 has forced higher education institutes to go into lockdown in order to curb the situation. This sudden change caused students within the institutions to forgo traditional face to face classroom settings and to attend immediate online classes. This review aims to summarize the evidence of the social demographic mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on students in higher education institutes within the Asia Pacific region and identify the coping mechanisms adopted during these times. A systematic literature search was conducted using three databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus), out of which 64 studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The findings revealed that the social demographic groups most at risk were female students, those who were in the final years of their studies (i.e., students who were almost graduating), and postgraduate students as well as students studying medical fields (nursing, dental, medicine, health sciences etc.). The majority of the studies identified that students were relying on mobile devices and extended screen time to cope with the pandemic. Having proper social support, be it through a network of friends or positive family cohesion, can be a good buffer against the mental impacts of COVID-19. Students in higher education institutes are at risk of mental consequences due to COVID-19. By reducing their screen time, finding a healthier coping system, increasing the availability of support within the family and community, as well as actively engaging in beneficial activities students may be able to alleviate general negative emotions, specifically during the pandemic.

Matched MeSH terms: Students/psychology
Fulltext A systematic review of medical science students' knowledge and related factors towards burns first aids

Alizadeh Otaghvar H, Parvizi A, Ghorbani Vajargah P, Mollaei A, Karkhah S, Takasi P, et al.

Int Wound J, 2023 Oct;20(8):3380-3390.
PMID: 37016249 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14174

This systematic review aims to examine the knowledge of medical science students about burn first aid. A comprehensive, systematic search was performed in different international electronic databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Persian electronic databases such as Iranmedex, and Scientific Information Database (SID) using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as "Knowledge", "First aid", "Medical science student" and "Burn" from the earliest to February 1, 2023. The quality of the studies included in this systematic review was evaluated by using the appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies (AXIS tool). Thirteen studies had a total of 5046 students studying medical sciences. Among them, 62.24% were female and 77.67% were medical students. The studies included in this systematic review were conducted in Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Syria, Egypt, and Malaysia. Medical science students' average knowledge of first aid for burns is 56.92 out of 100, which is considered to be a moderate level of knowledge. Factors such as the experience of first aid training, academic year, clinical experience, and economic status had a significant positive relationship with the knowledge of medical science students about first aid for burns. Also, factors such as age, academic specialisation, academic year, information sources, and fathers' occupation had a significant relationship with the knowledge of medical students about first aid for burns. Therefore, it is suggested that healthcare managers and policymakers make the necessary plans to ensure that first aid training courses are implemented during medical science students' studies as a part of their curriculum.

Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical*
The Relationship Between L2 Motivation and Epistemic Emotions of Boredom and Curiosity: A Study Among Adolescent Learners of English

Nikitina L, Su LL, Furuoka F

J Psycholinguist Res, 2024 Dec 10;54(1):2.
PMID: 39656353 DOI: 10.1007/s10936-024-10119-z

Motivational drivers and emotions that students experience play an important role in the process of learning a new language (L2). This has been recognised by researchers and educators, and extensive research has been conducted in recent decades to examine the psychological and emotional factors involved in L2 learning. However, two ubiquitous epistemic emotions, namely, boredom and curiosity, remain underexplored in the L2 research literature. This study addresses this gap. It performed a series of statistical tests to examine the relationship between these two epistemic emotions and L2 motivation. Specifically, it assessed whether epistemic curiosity plays a mediating role in the nexus of L2 motivation, epistemic curiosity, and epistemic boredom. Data were collected from adolescent learners of English in China (N = 312). The findings from the correlation analysis indicated that epistemic boredom had statistically significant negative relationships with epistemic curiosity and L2 motivation, except for the ought-to L2 self variable, where the relationship was not statistically significant. Conversely, epistemic curiosity had a positive and statistically significant relationship with L2 motivation, except for the ought-to L2 self variable, where the relationship was not statistically significant. Next, the path analysis examined the influence of L2 motivation on epistemic boredom without considering the mediating effect of epistemic curiosity. Its findings indicated that epistemic boredom had a statistically significant negative relationship with the general motivation/attitude and general motivation/effort variables. The subsequent path analysis, which focused solely on two goal-oriented L2 motivation constructs from the Gardnerian framework, detected the mediating role of epistemic curiosity. Some pedagogical implications are drawn from these findings.

Matched MeSH terms: Students/psychology
Fulltext Dental fear among medical and dental undergraduates

Hakim H, Razak IA

ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:747508.
PMID: 25386615 DOI: 10.1155/2014/747508

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and level of dental fear among health related undergraduates and to identify factors causing such fear using Kleinknecht's Dental Fear Survey (DFS) questionnaire.
METHODS: Kleinknecht's DFS questionnaire was used to assess dental fear and anxiety among the entire enrollment of the medical and dental undergraduates' of the University of Malaya.
RESULTS: Overall response rate was 82.2%. Dental students reported higher prevalence of dental fear (96.0% versus 90.4%). However, most of the fear encountered among dental students was in the low fear category as compared to their medical counterpart (69.2 versus 51.2%). Significantly more medical students cancelled dental appointment due to fear compared to dental students (P = 0.004). "Heart beats faster" and "muscle being tensed" were the top two physiological responses experienced by the respondents. "Drill" and "anesthetic needle" were the most fear provoking objects among respondents of both faculties.
CONCLUSION: Dental fear and anxiety are a common problem encountered among medical and dental undergraduates who represent future health care professionals. Also, high level of dental fear and anxiety leads to the avoidance of the dental services.

Matched MeSH terms: Students, Dental/psychology*; Students, Medical/psychology*
Fulltext Embedding a learning management system into an undergraduate medical informatics course in Saudi Arabia: lessons learned

Zakaria N, Jamal A, Bisht S, Koppel C

Med 2 0, 2013 Nov 27;2(2):e13.
PMID: 25075236 DOI: 10.2196/med20.2735

Public universities in Saudi Arabia today are making substantial investments in e-learning as part of their educational system, especially in the implementation of learning management systems (LMS). To our knowledge, this is the first study conducted in Saudi Arabia exploring medical students' experience with an LMS, particularly as part of a medical informatics course.

Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical

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