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Dengue fever with compartment syndrome of the right arm

Khoo C, Chu G, Rosaida MS, Chidambaram SK

J R Coll Physicians Edinb, 2016 Dec;46(4):241-243.
PMID: 28504777 DOI: 10.4997/JRCPE.2016.406

A 44-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with dengue fever. She developed a haematoma in the right arm at the site of a previous arterial line insertion. Due to coexisting thrombocytopenia, the bleeding was severe enough to cause compartment syndrome. An emergency fasciotomy was performed and her limb salvaged. The case illustrates one important potential complication of this common infectious disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Semai Senoi fertility and population dynamics: Two-census method

Fix AG

Am J Hum Biol, 1989;1(4):463-469.
PMID: 28514113 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.1310010409

The fertility and parameters of population growth of the Semai Senoi of Malaysia are studied by using a two-census method based on nonstable population theory. Semai fertility is shown to be moderately high; female completed fertility is 7.42 children and the crude birth rate is greater than 0.050. Previous estimates of Semai mortality rates are also moderately high but are insufficient to balance birth; thus, the overall rate of growth is presently nearly 2%. Compared with an earlier description of the pre-1969 Semai population, fertility has increased markedly leading to a nearly threefold increase in the annual growth rate.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Semai Senoi mortality: Two-census method

Fix AG

Am J Hum Biol, 1989;1(4):471-477.
PMID: 28514106 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.1310010410

The mortality pattern of a subpopulation of Semai Senoi of Malaysia is studied by using a two-census method. The method yields abridged life tables for both sexes as well as an estimate of the birth rate. The life tables show that Semai mortality is reduced compared to estimates based on stable population methods for the population prior to 1969. Increased health care availability seems to account for this lower mortality.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Knowledge, attitude and practice towards religious obligations among healthcare workers in hospital Langkawi, Malaysia

Hafiz J., Dzulkhairi, M.R., Shamsir, M.A., Abu, N.

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2016;15(2):3-6.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Islamic prayers involve certain physical movements and positions. These positions may be
difficult to achieve in Muslim patients who suffer from any illness that limit their physical movements.
Therefore, Islam introduced the concept of Rukhsah or exemptions. The objective of this study was to
assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of healthcare workers related to performing prayers during
illness. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 121 healthcare workers in
Hospital Langkawi, between 22nd to 24th April 2014. Simple random sampling method was used to select the
participants among healthcare workers in Hospital Langkawi to attend a workshop on Rukhsah Ibadah. The
participants were given a set of questionnaire to answer and all the data were collected just before the talk
began. Results: The majority of the participants 108 (89.3%) were female and more than half of them 74
(61.2%) were staff nurses. The mean age for the participants was 32.4 (SD: 9.42) years. About 73 (60.3%) of
the participants have good knowledge, 62 (51.2%) have good attitude and 73 (60.3%) have good practice
towards religious obligations and Rukhsah. Bivariate analysis shows no correlation between age and
knowledge, attitude and practice score. There was also no correlation seen between knowledge, attitude
and practice score. Conclusion: Almost half of the participants have good knowledge, attitude and practice
on performing prayers during illness. By conducting proper training and coaching, it is hoped that their level
of understanding towards Rukhsah can be improved.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Antenatal care practice and pregnancy outcome at Sikuati Area, Kudat, Sabah

Tin Tin Aye, Yusolf Ibrahim, Daw Khin Saw Naing, Than Myint, Muhammad Hj. Jical

Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2016;10(2):26-38.
MyJurnal

Antenatal (AN) care is vital for all pregnant women and for reduction of maternal mortality and morbidity. AN care knowledge and specific AN care practices are some of the crucial components of what determines effective AN care. In developing nations, the health of pregnant women can be even more sensitive to these factors. Objectives of this study was to assess the antenatal (AN) care practice and pregnancy outcome of ever-married women aged 18 to 49 years old having at least one pregnancy experience ,residing in kampongs of Sikuati area, Kudat between March to December 2015. Cross–sectional descriptive study, non-probability convenient sampling method was used and 150 eligible participants were interviewed through face to face by trained interviewers using a semi-structured questionnaire and their knowledge of AN care, their AN care practices and outcomes and complications of their pregnancies were recorded. 99% of all the women received AN care, and 64% of the women received essential AN care practice (AN visit of minimum 4 times). The study revealed that overall knowledge amongst the women with good knowledge was 48% and low knowledge was 52%. Despite this, it was found that low knowledge of AN care was associated with essential AN care practice. Additionally, AN care practices, assessed through timing of first AN care visit and frequency of visits, was not significantly associated with pregnancy complications. Despite these results, outcomes were good and all complications were properly and successfully addressed. This may reflect the effectiveness of current programs in place promoting importance of AN care and delivery practices. Maintenance of current programs with targeted interventions to address low knowledge level and the low level of compliance with essential AN care completed are recommended..

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Lymphangioma of an unusual site: a case report

Jahanbakhsh J, Salmah WM, Abubakar NT, Samsudin H

Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2016;22(1):58-65.
MyJurnal

Lymphangiomas are hamartomatous congenital malformations of the lymphatic system that usually involve subcutaneous tissues of cervico-facial region. Rarely, it can be found in subcutaneous tissue of proximal extremities, the buttocks and the trunk. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the best modality to assess the tumor specification and extension. We report a case of lymphangioma at a rare site with its radiological features and patient responsed to the sclerosant therapy.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Down syndrome and Patau syndrome in the same sibship: random or not?

Foong Eva, Hasliani Hassan, Azizah Othman, Ilunihayati Ibrahim, Nazihah Mohd Yunus, Siti Mariam Ismail, et al.

Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2017;23(2):0-0.
MyJurnal

Objectives: Chromosomal abnormalities especially aneuploidies are the most common etiology for pregnancy loss. Trisomy 13, trisomy 18 and trisomy 21 are the most common chromosome autosomal aneuploidies with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) being the most common chromosomal abnormality among liveborn infants. In previous reports, we noted that the recurrence of these aneuploidies in some families may not occur by chance alone.

Methods: Extraction of relevant data from review of medical case notes of a young couple with two offspring with Down syndrome (DS) and Patau syndrome.

Results: A family history of DS is a predisposing factor for both DS and other types of aneuploidy. Certain instances of non-disjunction error are not random.

Conclusion: As the maternal age was not advanced in both pregnancies, there is a possibility that the recurrent aneuploidy in this family may not be accounted by chance alone. The risk of having subsequent affected pregnancy cannot be ignored in this family and prenatal diagnosis is strongly recommended in the subsequent pregnancy.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Intracardiac leiomyomatosis

Bewersdorf T, Loch A

Eur Heart J, 2018 11 01;39(41):3750.
PMID: 30052855 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy415
Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Chromosome karyotype analysis of cultivate somatic cells of ganjia sheep

Liu Meng, Ding Gongtao, Roziah Bt. Kambol

Science Letters, 2016;10(1):8-10.
MyJurnal

Cytogenetics studies in domestic animal are
gaining importance because of their genetics and implication in
breeding programmes. The present study describes the
chromosome number and karyotypic characteristics of Ganjia
sheep and comparison between males and females breeds. We
adopt the method of cultivating somatic cells, and analyzed the
chromosome karyotype of the Ganjia sheep. The result
indicates the diploid chromosome of the Gangia sheep is 2n=54,
in which 26 pairs of autosomes and a pair of sex chromosome
were observed. Result indicates all autosomes are tip silk. The X
chromosome was acrocentric and largest except the first three
pairs that were metacentric. The Y chromosome was the
smallest, biarmed and probably metacentric chromosome.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Integrative machine learning analysis of multiple gene expression profiles in cervical cancer

Tan MS, Chang SW, Cheah PL, Yap HJ

PeerJ, 2018;6:e5285.
PMID: 30065881 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5285

Although most of the cervical cancer cases are reported to be closely related to the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection, there is a need to study genes that stand up differentially in the final actualization of cervical cancers following HPV infection. In this study, we proposed an integrative machine learning approach to analyse multiple gene expression profiles in cervical cancer in order to identify a set of genetic markers that are associated with and may eventually aid in the diagnosis or prognosis of cervical cancers. The proposed integrative analysis is composed of three steps: namely, (i) gene expression analysis of individual dataset; (ii) meta-analysis of multiple datasets; and (iii) feature selection and machine learning analysis. As a result, 21 gene expressions were identified through the integrative machine learning analysis which including seven supervised and one unsupervised methods. A functional analysis with GSEA (Gene Set Enrichment Analysis) was performed on the selected 21-gene expression set and showed significant enrichment in a nine-potential gene expression signature, namely PEG3, SPON1, BTD and RPLP2 (upregulated genes) and PRDX3, COPB2, LSM3, SLC5A3 and AS1B (downregulated genes).

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Antenatal iron deficiency in an urban Malaysian population

Mahdy, Z.A., Rahana, A.R., Zaleha, M.I., Muhammad Za’im, S.H., Mukudan, K., Jumaida, A.B.

Medicine & Health, 2017;12(1):27-33.
MyJurnal

Iron deficiency anemia is the most common form of anemia in pregnancy. The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of antenatal anemia and iron deficiency in the Malaysian population and its correlation with sociodemographic and obstetric profile. It was a cross-sectional study conducted at an urban health clinic over a period of six months. A single blood sample was drawn from apparently healthy pregnant mothers at antenatal booking and sent for laboratory assessment of full blood count and serum ferritin as screening tools for anemia and iron status. SPSS version 19.0 was used for statistical analyses. The results showed that out of 250 subjects, 43.6% had anemia and 31.6% had iron deficiency. Whilst 47.7% of subjects with anemia were iron deficient, 19.1% of subjects without anemia were also iron deficient. Serum ferritin correlated negatively with period of gestation at booking (p<0.001), with 77.6% of these women not having prior iron supplements. Serum ferritin was also significantly lower among grandmultiparae (p=0.01). Iron deficiency was significantly (p=0.024) more common among Indians (42.5%) compared to Malays (33.5%) and Chinese (13.0%). In conclusion, continuation of the current practice of routine antenatal iron supplementation is still warranted and justifiable in Malaysia as there is high prevalence of iron deficiency in pregnancy not only in the presence of anemia but also in the presence of normal hemoglobin values. Keywords: anaemia, ferritn, pregnancy

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext A case of metastatic adenocarcinoma from an unknown primary involving the aortic bifurcation

Safri LS, Md Noh MSF, Hariz Ramli AR, Md Pauzi SH, Md Idris MA, Harunarashid H

J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech, 2018 Jun;4(2):160-162.
PMID: 29942910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvscit.2018.03.004

Aortic malignant neoplasms are rare; these may be primary or secondary (metastatic). Increasing use of cross-sectional imaging has allowed better detection and diagnosis of these conditions. We encountered a young woman presenting with acute abdomen who was found on cross-sectional imaging to have a malignant tumor involving the aortic bifurcation. An en bloc excision of the tumor was performed, with distal aorta reconstruction using an aortoiliac Dacron graft; this was complicated with infection and graft occlusion, necessitating total removal and extra-anatomic bypass. A pathologic diagnosis of metastatic adenocarcinoma involving the aortic bifurcation, with an unknown primary, was made.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Should Genital Hiatus/Perineal Body Be Measured at Rest or on Valsalva?

Ow LL, Subramaniam N, Kamisan Atan I, Friedman T, Martin A, Dietz HP

Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg, 2018 7 7;25(6):415-418.
PMID: 29979358 DOI: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000000608

OBJECTIVE: Genital hiatus (Gh) and perineal body (Pb) are part of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification assessment system, but it is unclear whether measurements should be taken at rest or on Valsalva. This study was designed to assess the predictive value of Gh and Pb measurements obtained at rest and on Valsalva for signs and symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse (POP).
METHODS: This is a retrospective study involving 416 women who presented to a tertiary urogynecology unit with symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction. Genital hiatus and Pb were measured at rest and on maximal Valsalva. The strength of association between binary markers of POP and measurements of Gh/Pb was estimated using logistic regression analysis. Receiver operator characteristic statistics were used to compare predictive values of Gh and Pb measurements obtained at rest and on Valsalva.
RESULTS: A total of 451 women were seen during the study period. Thirty-five were excluded owing to missing data, leaving 416. Fifty-four percent (n = 223) complained of POP symptoms. On examination, 80% (n = 332) had significant POP (stage 2+ in anterior or posterior compartments or stage 1+ in the central compartment). On imaging, significant POP was diagnosed in 66% (n = 275). Mean hiatal area was 22 cm (SD, 7; range, 5-49 cm) at rest and 30 cm (SD, 10; range, 11-69 cm) on Valsalva. Genital hiatus and Pb measured on Valsalva were consistently stronger predictors of prolapse symptoms and objective prolapse (by clinician examination and by ultrasound) than at Gh and Pb measured at rest. The corresponding area under the curve values were significantly larger for Gh/Pb measures on Valsalva after adjusting for multiple confounders.
CONCLUSIONS: Genital hiatus/Pb measured on maximal Valsalva is a superior predictor of symptoms and signs of POP compared with Gh/Pb at rest.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext The diagnostic conundrum: neuropsychiatry manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus

Panirselvam RR, Ramly SS, Harun NA

Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2016;25(1):80-85.
MyJurnal

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a debilitating and chronic autoimmune disease which strikes insidiously. The disease currently has a prevalence of 43/ 100 000 individuals in Malaysia. The presentation of the disease is varied resulting in delay in diagnosis and onset of complications prior to management. The disease commonly presents as joint pain and cutaneous manifestations. Neuropsychiatric presentation accounts for 24% of symptoms during onset of illness. This case report highlights that we encountered a patient who presented with neuropsychiatric manifestations, whereby the patient was managed for the psychiatric symptoms prior to the organic diagnosis being made.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext The psychometric properties of the Malay version Positive Emotion Rating Scale (PERS-M)

Mohamed, F.A., Ong, L.Y., Ng, C.G.

Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2016;25(1):36-46.
MyJurnal

Positive emotion is often neglected in the depressed patients due to the lack of assessment tool. Positive Emotion Rating Scale (PERS) is a newly invented self-report questionnaire, nevertheless has an impressive psychometric properties.
Objective: The aim of this study was to study the psychometric properties of the Malay version PERS (PERS-M), in order to facilitate its use in the local setting.
Method: In this cross-sectional study convenient sampling, total of 43 depressed subjects and 85 non-depressed subjects who were presented to the outpatient clinic of HBUK were recruited. Both groups were assessed with PERS-M, original PERS, Dispositional Positive Emotion Scale (DPES), Malay version of Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS-M) and Malay version of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression CESDM).
Results: PERS-M displayed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.89), parallel reliability (intraclasss coefficient = 0.95, p<0.001) and concurrent validity with the DPES (r=0.32, p<0.05) and SHAPS-M (r=0.77, p<0.01). The PERS-M was negatively correlated with CESD-M (r= -0.61, p<0.01). The optimal cut-off value was 32, with sensitivity = 0.68 and specificity = 0.63, positive predictive value of 0.49 and negative predictive value of 0.79. The area under the curve (AUC) for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was 0.71 (95% CI = 0.604 - 0.813).
Conclusion: the PERS-M is a brief and easy to administer tool to measure positive emotion in depressed subjects, with demonstrable satisfactory psychometric properties.
Keywords: Positive Emotion, Depression, Psychometric Properties, Instrument
Study site: Psychiatric clinic, Hospital Bahagia Ulu Kinta, Perak, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Grief in a depressed elderly with pathological jealousy and major vascular neurocognitive disorder: a case report

Loo, J.L., Syed-Mohamad, S.N., Razali, R.

Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2015;24(2):0-0.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Grief may be complicated in patients with dementia, posing a challenge to caregivers and healthcare professionals. A case of major vascular neurocognitive disorder with pathological jealousy and major depressive disorder in grief is reported.
Case: A 73 year-old Malay lady with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and right cerebrovascular
accident developed major vascular neurocognitive disorder with pathological jealousy and major depressive disorder. She presented with unmanageable agitation and depression after her late husband’s death. She also experienced
a bizarre delusion of her husband’s resurrection and infidelity. Her psychotropic medications were optimised and her bizarre delusion was challenged daily using validation and distraction techniques. Combined pharmacotherapy and behavioural therapy managed to resolve her psychiatric symptoms and facilitate her grief process.
Conclusion: Grief reaction in major vascular neurocognitive disorder patients is often atypical. Individualized treatment comprising both pharmacotherapy and behavioural therapy should be offered to treat atypical grief and the underlying disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Retrospective study on neonates of dengue positive mother over a period of one year

Chang JV, Lim KY, Ang EL

Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2016;22(1):35-42.
MyJurnal

Objectives: This is a retrospective study in which all neonates with confirmed dengue fever mother admitted to our special care nursery from March 2014 to March 2015 were recruited. This is to determine the percentage of positive dengue serology in the neonates of mother with confirmed dengue fever and to investigate the correlation between the duration of maternal illness with these neonatal seropositivity of dengue antibody and their presenting symptoms.

Method: A total of 22 neonates whose mother with confirmed dengue fever were recruited out of which 14 (63.6%) neonates of confirmed dengue fever mothers had positive dengue serology.

Results: Eight out of fourteen neonates were dengue seropositive when mother dengue illness was between day 1 to 5 of illness (acute phase) at the time of delivery. Thirteen out of twenty-two neonates (59%) were symptomatic, out of which 61.5% (8 out of 13) were delivered during maternal acute phase of illness.

Conclusion: From this study, we concluded that neonates were more likely to be dengue seropositive and symptomatic when mother presented in acute phase of illness during delivery. However, our sample size was small, only 22 neonates were recruited from a single centre, therefore a larger sample size from multicentre is required in future.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext A Rare Presentation of Anterior Mediastinal Teratoma Mimicking Valvular Heart Disease with A Systolic Murmur

Lip HTC, Huei TJ, Wahid AA, Vendargon SJ

Eurasian J Med, 2018 Jun;50(2):134-136.
PMID: 30002584 DOI: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2018.17388

Extrinsic pulmonary artery stenosis caused by anterior mediastinum teratoma presenting with an ejection systolic murmur is a rare phenomenon. Till date, 15 cases have been reported (inclusive of this case) in the English literatures. Herein we report a 20 year old female with extrinsic pulmonary artery stenosis because of compression by an anterior mediastinal teratoma with a loud ejection systolic murmur. The case report aims to highlight the awareness of such rare presentation of anterior mediastinal teratomas that may mimic congenital valvular heart diseases among clinicians.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Suture Granuloma 14 Years Following Partial Thyroidectomy Masquerading as Tuberculosis af The Sinus Tract

Abdul Hamid MF, Yu-Lin AB, Maharani Hassan T

Eurasian J Med, 2018 Jun;50(2):122-124.
PMID: 30002580 DOI: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2018.0006

Suture granuloma rarely occurs after thyroid surgery using non-absorbable sutures. We report the case of a 63-year-old female with a chronic discharging sinus in the anterior neck region. She had a history of subtotal thyroidectomy at the age of 45. The sinus had been excised and was reported as granulomatous lesions suggestive of tuberculosis. She was treated with anti-tuberculous medications, but unfortunately, she developed side effects. Histopathological slides were re-evaluated, which showed evidence of foreign material under polarized light; hence, the diagnosis was revised to suture granuloma. In conclusion, although sinus tract discharges are commonly attributed to tuberculosis, physicians should consider suture granuloma if they encounter a patient who has undergone a surgical procedure in the past.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Evaluation of workshop for training house-officers and medical officers on medical emergencies using simulation for workplace preparedness

Thiruselvi Subramaniam, Ann Jee Tan

International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2017;11(1):33-38.
MyJurnal

Background: House-officers and medical officers are at
the forefront during medical emergencies in the ward
and casualty which impose cognitive, communication,
social and system challenges and yet, training in this
area is commonly lacking. A workshop was conducted
using simulation to provide training on some acute
medical emergencies like cord prolapse, post- partum
haemorrhage with collapse, poly-trauma and acute
exacerbation of asthma.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of simulation
in developing competency in managing selected clinical
emergencies.

Methodology: There were 22 participants consisting
of house-officers, junior medical officers and nursing
clinical instructors. Only doctors were included in
the study. Four medical emergencies were chosen viz.:
Cord prolapse; post- partum haemorrhage with collapse;
poly-trauma and acute exacerbation of asthma. The
simulated sessions were conducted using high fidelity
manikins and simulated patients. Simulated patients
were trained and moulage was applied accordingly. The
skills stations were on airway equipment and techniques
of application, latest cardiac life support algorithm and
hands on chest compression using manikins.

Results: A 5 point Likert scale used to rate the
sessions. The skills station had 65% (n=13) rating as
excellent and 35% (n=7) good. The skills simulation
was rated excellent by 75% (n=15) and good by 25%
(n=5) of participants. Verbal feedback was that it was
very refreshing, informative, and helpful in terms of
improving their skills.

Conclusion: The simulated skills training for the junior
doctors was very well received and maybe beneficial for
work preparedness and in the long run address patient
safety.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

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