MyMedR

Is the Singapore-Malaysia Congress of Medicine relevant in an age of specialisation?

Tan WC

Ann Acad Med Singap, 1999 May;28(3):315.

PMID: 10575512

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

Testing (HIV). Quick test receives Singapore approval

AIDS Wkly Plus, 1996 Apr 22.

PMID: 12290908

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

A decade of fertility below replacement level in Singapore

Saw SH

J Biosoc Sci, 1986 Oct;18(4):395-401.

PMID: 3782191

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

Use of contraceptives in three south-east Asian countries

Lun KC

Asia Oceania J Obstet Gynaecol, 1983 Jun;9(2):185-92.

PMID: 6615332 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.1983.tb00620.x

Use of contraceptives by some selected characteristics was studied for married women in the reproductive age range (MWRA) in three south‐east Asian countries. The data were obtained from each country's national family planning/fertility survey conducted around the mid‐seventies. Only the gross relationship between each of the selected characteristics and contraceptive use was compared. The proportion of MWRA using contraceptives for Singapore was almost twice as high as the corresponding proportions for Peninsular Malaysia and Thailand. The pattern of contraceptive use was largely similar for Thailand and Malaysia but different from Singapore. The differences were largely attributed to the absence of a large rural population in Singapore, the apparently greater tendency of women in Singapore to use reversible contraceptive methods for birth spacing and the easier access by women to family planning information and services, particularly sterilisation, than in Peninsular Malaysia and Thailand.

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

The Development of Health Services in the colonies--a study of British Malaya and Singapore

Phua KH

Asia Pac J Public Health, 1989;3(4):315-23.

PMID: 2700659

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

Fulltext A psychiatric rating scale for schizophrenia in Singapore (Woodbridge Hospital rating scale for schizophrenia)

Tsoi WF, Kua EH

Med J Malaysia, 1982 Dec;37(4):300-5.

PMID: 7167079

This scale is constructed to meet the need for an efficient, rapid and economical method of
measuring change in schizophrenic patients during the course of psychotropic medication (drug trial) in a multi-cultural, multi-lingual population of low educational level. Items are included only if (1) they can be elicited objectively, (2) they are important symptoms of schizophrenia and (3) they are frequent maniJestatz'on of the schizophrenic syndrome as recorded in Woodbridge Hospital. It could be used by a single rater but its reliability should be further improved if two raters are involved.

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

Mercury, lead, and other heavy metals in Chinese medicines

Wong MK, Koh LL

Biol Trace Elem Res, 1986 Aug;10(2):91-7.

PMID: 24254355 DOI: 10.1007/BF02795561

Ninety-nine samples of common Chinese medicines were purchased from Chinese medical shops in Singapore and Malaysia and analyzed for mercury, lead, copper, cadmium, cobalt, iron, and nickel. The majority of these medicines were manufactured in China, Hong Kong, and Malaysia. A few of them were of Singapore and Taiwan origin. Atomic absorption method (both flame and flameless) was used for the analyses. Mercury was found to be present in high concentrations in several of the medicines that were for oral consumption.

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

Fulltext Epidemiology of diabetes in Singapore

Cheah JS, Yeo PP, Lui KF, Tan BY, Tan YT, Ng YK

Med J Malaysia, 1982 Jun;37(2):141-9.

PMID: 7132833

A country-wide diabetic survey of the population (age 15 years and above) of Singapore shows that the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Singapore is 1.99 percent. It is commoner in males (2.36 percent) than in females (1.64 percent). The prevalence of diabetes in the age group 15-39 years is only 0.40 percent and in the age group 40 years and older it is 5.08 percent. The prevalence of diabetes in Indians (6.07 percent) is significantly higher than that in Malays (2.43 percent) and Chinese (1.55 percent). Indian diabetics have an insignifi"cantly higher incidence of positive family of diabetes (12.7 percent) than Malays (10.9 percent) and Chinese (6.5 percent). Obesity was commoner in Malay diabetics (67.4 percent) than in Chinese diabetics (41.6 percent) and Indian diabetics (35.7 percent). The survey shows that 40.4 percent of the diabetics are known while 59.6 percent of the diabetics are newly diagnosed. The majority of the diabetics are treated with oral hypoglycaemic drugs (71.5 percent) and only 4.8 percent are receiving insulin injections. A mong the female diabetics, 63.0 percent have 4 or more pregnancies and large babies at birth are recorded in 12.3 percent. In the newly diagnosed diabetics, 64.3 percent have no symptoms. The complications of the diabetics are hypertension (26.8 percent), nephropathy (9.8 percent), retinopathy (8.5 percent), coronary heart disease (6.1 percent), skin infection (4.6 percent) and neuropathy (3.3 percent). The high prevalence of diabetes among the Indians is likely to be due to a genetic predisposition coupled with an environmental factor (obesity), although this hypothesis is not conclusively demonstrated by the present study.

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

Malaysia and Singapore: new export centers for the Southeast Asian heroin trade

Solomon R

J Psychedelic Drugs, 1979 10 1;11(4):283-8.

PMID: 522169

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

Perinatal mortality

Tan KL, Woon KY

J Singapore Paediatr Soc, 1979;Suppl:57-67.

PMID: 550004

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

"Charm needles"

Oon CL

Med J Malaysia, 1973 May;27(3):231-2.

PMID: 4270065

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

The problem of postpartum haemorrhage in the Malaysia-Singapore region

Sinnathuray TA

Med J Malaya, 1972 Sep;27(1):57-62.

PMID: 4264827

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

Windscreen eye injuries in Singapore

Hong LC, Chong AB

Med J Malaysia, 1977 Dec;32(2):165-7.

PMID: 614486

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

Fulltext Twenty-eight new species of the spider genus Merizocera Fage, 1912 (Araneae, Psilodercidae) from South and Southeast Asia

Chang WJ, Yao Z, Li S

Zookeys, 2020;961:41-118.

PMID: 32904093 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.961.53058

Previously, the genus Merizocera Fage, 1912 comprised only seven species from Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. In this study, 28 new species are described from South and Southeast Asia: M. baoshan Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. betong Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. colombo Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. galle Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. hponkanrazi Li, sp. nov. (♂), M. kachin Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. kandy Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. mandai Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. krabi Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. kurunegala Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. lincang Li, sp. nov. (♀), M. mainling Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. nyingchi Li, sp. nov. (♀), M. peraderiya Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. phuket Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. putao Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. ranong Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. ratnapura Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. salawa Li, sp. nov. (♂), M. tak Li, sp. nov. (♀), M. tanintharyi Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. tengchong Li, sp. nov. (♂), M. thenna Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. uva Li, sp. nov. (♀), M. wenshan Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. wui Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. yala Li, sp. nov. (♀), and M. yuxi Li, sp. nov. (♂♀). Among them the genus Merizocera is reported for the first time from China, Myanmar, and Singapore.

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

Fulltext Numerical study of tides in the Malacca Strait with a 3-D model

Haditiar Y, Putri MR, Ismail N, Muchlisin ZA, Ikhwan M, Rizal S

Heliyon, 2020 Sep;6(9):e04828.

PMID: 32939416 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04828

Malacca Strait (MS) has an important role and potential for many countries. It is a major transportation route for oil and commodities across continents. In addition, various activities such as shipping, fishing, aquaculture, oil drilling, and energy are also carried out in MS. Tides strongly affect the MS environment so that it becomes a major parameter in MS management. This paper is the first study, which presents MS tidal hydrodynamics based on a baroclinic and nonhydrostatic approach. Tidal hydrodynamics in MS and the surrounding waters were assessed using tidal forces, temperature, salinity, and density. This study analyzes the amplitude, phase, current ellipses, and semi-major axis of the tides. These variables are obtained from the simulation results of the three-dimensional numerical models of M2 tides and combined tides (M2, S2, N2, K1, and O1) with nonhydrostatic models. Then the results obtained are verified by observation data. Amplitude and phase of the tidal wave in MS originate from two directions, namely the northern part of MS (Andaman Sea) and the South China Sea (SCS). Tides from the north of MS propagate into the MS, while tides from the SCS travel to Singapore Waters (SW) and the south of MS. This causes a complex residual flow in SW and shoaling in the middle of MS. Shoaling in the middle of MS is characterized by a large amplitude and semi-major, as in B. Siapiapi. The results of this analysis show that tidal waves are dominated by semidiurnal types rather than diurnal types. The M2 current ellipse has dominantly anticlockwise rotation along the west of the MS, while along the east of MS, it has generally a clockwise rotation.

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

Fulltext Fighting from the COVID-19 Frontline: A Junior Doctor's Perspective on Fear, Duty and Calling

Rasappan K, Oh J

Malays Orthop J, 2020 Nov;14(3):1-3.

PMID: 33403055 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2011.001

As the COVID-19 pandemic ravages the whole world, the frontline clinicians are tirelessly fighting to contain and manage the disastrous effects of the virus from their communities. Stress, despair, fear, physical and psychological burn out, decreased work out put and lowered morale are some side effects this endless battle has had on the frontline healthcare worker. Although there have been many accounts of surgeons working in the frontline, there have only been few reflections on this ongoing battle from the junior clinician's point of view. In this article, we feature the perspectives of young residents from the orthopaedic unit at the epicenter of the COVID-19 fight in Singapore. We highlight the thoughts, fears, emotions, morale, motivating factors and reflections of junior clinicians while they work at frontlines. Fear in a dangerous new environment and amidst uncertainty is natural. However, a doctor's call of duty goes far above fear.

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

Fulltext Hematological and serum biochemical parameters of rescued Sunda pangolins (Manis javanica) in Singapore

Ahmad AA, Samsuddin S, Oh SJWY, Martinez-Perez P, Rasedee A

J Vet Med Sci, 2018 Dec 11;80(12):1867-1874.

PMID: 30333379 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0585

The Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) population in Southeast Asia faces threats such as poaching and deforestation. Health assessments of rescued individuals including physical examination and blood work are crucial for clinicians to determine the health status of these animals. The establishments of reference intervals of hematology and serum biochemistry are important for identifying clinical abnormalities. The objectives of our study were to establish blood reference intervals for Sunda pangolins, to determine if there are age and sex related differences in hematology and serum biochemistry, and to compare our results with those of a previous study on confiscated Sunda pangolins in Thailand. Fifty-eight Sunda pangolins were rescued between January 2011 and December 2015. The hematology and serum biochemistry results of 51 clinically normal Sunda pangolins were selected for the establishment of the blood reference intervals. No sex related differences were noted in this study. Age-related differences were observed, in which adult Sunda pangolins had a significantly higher mean corpuscular volume than juveniles, and juvenile Sunda pangolins had significantly higher red blood cell counts and hemoglobin levels than those of the adults (P<0.05). Age-related differences were also noted in several serum biochemistry parameters: alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was significantly higher in juveniles, and total protein was significantly higher in adult Sunda pangolins. Compared to a previous study the white blood cell counts, neutrophil counts, and ALP were higher, and the lymphocyte counts were lower in the present study.

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

Fulltext Integration of information and communication technology in nursing education in Southeast Asia: A systematic literature review

Nwozichi CU, Marcial DE, Farotimi AA, Escabarte ABS, Madu AM

J Educ Health Promot, 2019;8:141.

PMID: 31463326 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_240_18

BACKGROUND: The integration of information and communication technology (ICT) in education has been a major agenda of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and its adoption has been found effective in nursing education.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to identify and review existing literature on ICT integration in nursing education within the context of Southeast Asia and to identify the themes of these studies, ICT tools of concern and the research methods adopted.

METHODOLOGY: A systematic review of six eligible literatures was conducted with thematic analysis. The data for this systematic review of literature are from published studies based on the formulated research question. Electronic databases of Medline, Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, Mendeley, and Google Scholar were searched and literatures retrieved and screened for eligibility. No date limit was considered in the literature search. This systematic review utilized the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.

RESULTS: The studies originated from the Philippines (n = 3), Malaysia (n = 2), and Singapore (n = 1). One study originated from both the Philippines and Thailand. Four themes emerged from the thematic analysis which include: (1) use of ICT to enhance teaching and learning in nursing, (2) challenges with ICT integration in nursing education, (3) attitude and perceptions toward ICT integration in nursing education, and (4) suggestions for improvement. The most important ICT tools were computers, projectors, and internet. Majority of the studies were descriptive quantitative studies.

CONCLUSION: Despite increasing concern on the use of ICT in Southeast Asia, ICT integration in nursing education has not been given significant attention. Governments of the Southeast Asian countries should provide sufficient support for ICT integration in the various nursing institutions. Institutional administrators are encouraged to key into the ICT trend and render their support when and where necessary.

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

Valuation of EQ-5D-5L health states: a comparison of seven Asian populations

Wang P, Liu GG, Jo MW, Purba FD, Yang Z, Gandhi M, et al.

Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res, 2019 Aug;19(4):445-451.

PMID: 30523723 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2019.1557048

Objectives: To compare the time trade-off (TTO) utility values of EQ-5D-5L health states elicited from different general populations in Asia. Methods: We analyzed the TTO data from seven Asian EQ-5D-5L valuation studies in which utility values of 86 EQ-5D-5L health states were elicited from general population samples. An eight-parameter multiplicative regression model including five dimension parameters (mobility [MO], self-care, usual activities [UA], pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression) and three level parameters (level 2 [L2], level 3 [L3], and level 4 [L4]) was used to model the data from each of the populations. The model coefficients were compared to understand how the valuations of EQ-5D-5L health states differ. Results: For dimension parameters, Korea and Indonesia generally had the highest and lowest values among the populations, respectively; UA and MO commonly had the highest and lowest values among the parameters, respectively. For level parameters, Singapore and Korea generally had the highest and lowest values, respectively; L2 showed less variance compared to L3 and L4. Koreans, Indonesians, and Singaporeans appeared to have different health preferences compared with other populations. Conclusion: Utility values of EQ-5D-5L health states differ among Asian populations, suggesting that each health system should establish and use its own value set.

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

Fulltext The Effects of Different Outdoor Environments, Sunglasses and Hats on Light Levels: Implications for Myopia Prevention

Lanca C, Teo A, Vivagandan A, Htoon HM, Najjar RP, Spiegel DP, et al.

Transl Vis Sci Technol, 2019 Jul;8(4):7.

PMID: 31360613 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.8.4.7

Purpose: Lack of outdoor time is a known risk factor for myopia. Knowledge of the light levels reaching the eye and exposure settings, including sun-protective measures, is essential for outdoor programs and myopia. We evaluated the impact of sun-protective strategies (hat and sunglasses) on maintaining high illuminance levels to prevent myopia.

Methods: A child-sized mannequin head was developed to measure light illuminance levels with and without sun-protective equipment, across a wide range of environments in Singapore, outdoors (open park, under a tree, street) and indoors (under a fluorescent illumination with window, under white LED-based lighting without window). A comparison was made between indoor and outdoor light levels that are experienced while children are involved in day-to-day activities.

Results: Outdoor light levels were much higher (11,080-18,176 lux) than indoors (112-156 lux). The higher lux levels protective of myopia (>1000 lux) were measured at the tree shade (5556-7876 lux) and with hat (4112-8156 lux). Sunglasses showed lux levels between 1792 and 6800 lux. Although with sunglasses readings were lower than tree shade and hat, light levels were still 11 to 43 times higher than indoors.

Conclusions: Recommendations on spending time outdoors for myopia prevention with adequate sun protection should be provided while partaking in outdoor activities, including protection under shaded areas, wearing a hat or sunglasses, sunscreen, and adequate hydration.

Translational Relevance: Light levels outdoors were higher than indoors and above the threshold illuminance for myopia prevention even with adequate sun-protective measures.

Matched MeSH terms: Singapore

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